阅读说明：本技术 一种间隙自动补偿填充数控焊接方法 (Numerical control welding method for gap automatic compensation filling ) 是由 杨艳群 姜中辉 邹光厚 赵冬 王建 王川 于 2019-08-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种间隙自动补偿填充数控焊接方法,涉及数控焊接技术领域,包括以下步骤：根据数控焊接部件的坡口形式,计算得出坡口间隙数值的波动范围ΔW,确定焊缝上部间距W；结合坡口间隙数值的波动范围ΔW,得出焊接速度v<Sub>1</Sub>,送丝速度v<Sub>2</Sub>,摆动频率f,弧长修正u与焊缝上部间距W之间的函数关系；在焊接编程过程中,插入焊缝上部间距W与各参数的关系函数式,实时跟踪焊缝上部间距W,并反馈到焊接程序中,进行焊接过程中的自动调整。本发明将坡口间隙数值的波动范围ΔW定义为固定值不同,在计算焊缝上部间距W时引入坡口间隙数值的波动范围ΔW,并且在焊接编程中插入焊缝上部间距W与各参数间的函数关系式,无需人工操作,简单方便,安全性高。(The invention discloses a numerical control welding method for gap automatic compensation filling, which relates to the technical field of numerical control welding and comprises the following steps: calculating a fluctuation range delta W of a groove gap value according to a groove form of the numerical control welding part, and determining the upper spacing W of a welding line; combining the fluctuation range delta W of the groove gap value to obtain the welding speed v 1 wire feed speed v 2 The swing frequency f, the function relation between the arc length correction u and the upper spacing W of the welding seam; and in the welding programming process, inserting a relation function formula of the upper spacing W of the welding seam and each parameter, tracking the upper spacing W of the welding seam in real time, feeding back the upper spacing W of the welding seam to a welding program, and automatically adjusting the welding process. The invention defines the fluctuation range delta W of the groove gap numerical value as different fixed values, and introduces the fluctuation range of the groove gap numerical value when calculating the upper spacing W of the welding seamAnd delta W, and a functional relation between the upper spacing W of the welding seam and each parameter is inserted in the welding programming, so that manual operation is not needed, simplicity and convenience are realized, and the safety is high.)

1. a numerical control welding method for gap automatic compensation filling is characterized by comprising the following steps:

according to the groove form of the numerical control welding part, combining the dimensional tolerance of the corresponding part and the welding standard requirement, calculating the pole upper difference and the pole lower difference of the assembled groove gap and obtaining the fluctuation range delta W of the numerical value of the groove gap, thereby determining the upper space W of the welding line, wherein the calculation formula of the upper space W of the welding line is as follows:

W＝W₁+ΔW

wherein W represents the weld top spacing, W₁The thickness of the plate of the workpiece to be welded is shown, and the Delta W shows the fluctuation range of the value of the groove gap;

Analyzing the welding programming principle and parameters and combining the fluctuation range delta W of the groove gap value to obtain the welding speed v₁Wire feed speed v₂the swing frequency f, the function relation between the arc length correction u and the upper spacing W of the welding seam;

During welding programming, inserting the upper interval W of the welding seam and the welding speed v₁wire feed speed v₂The relationship function formula between the swing frequency f and the arc length correction u tracks the upper spacing W of the welding seam in real time by utilizing the laser tracking function of the equipment, and feeds the spacing W back to the welding program to automatically adjust the welding process.

2. The numerical control welding method for gap automatic compensation filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fluctuation range aw of the groove gap value is determined by the tolerance of two parts to be welded.

3. The numerical control welding method for gap automatic compensation filling according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bevel angle of the two parts to be welded is 70 degrees.

4. The numerical control welding method for gap automatic compensation filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper interval W of the welding seam and the welding speed v₁Is as follows:

v₁＝-10.02W+113.42 。

5. The numerical control welding method for gap automatic compensation filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper space W of the welding seam and the wire feeding speed v₂Is as follows:

v₂＝-1.17W+17.79 。

6. The numerical control welding method for gap automatic compensation filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the functional relation between the upper welding seam spacing W and the swinging frequency f is as follows:

f＝-16W+217.3 。

7. The numerical control welding method for gap automatic compensation filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the functional relation between the upper welding seam spacing W and the arc length correction u is as follows:

u＝-0.36W-4.44 。

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control welding, in particular to a numerical control welding method for gap automatic compensation filling.

Background

the numerical control welding technology is widely applied to the manufacturing process of train bodies of urban rail subways and high-speed motor train units, and in the traditional numerical control programming welding process, fixed welding parameters are usually determined by combining the groove size of an actual product according to a standard groove template, so that the numerical control welding of the product is realized. Although numerical control welding has improved welding efficiency compared with traditional manual welding, has realized automation to a certain extent, still has the following problem:

1. The welding parameters are fixed values, and if the gap change is large in the welding process, the welding parameters need to be adjusted through manual field operation, so that the welding parameters are difficult to adjust in time;

2. the large gap fluctuation easily causes welding defects such as welding deviation, penetration or insufficient filling and the like, and influences the product quality and the production efficiency;

3. The risk of equipment sudden shutdown exists in the welding process, and potential safety hazards exist.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: provides a numerical control welding method for gap automatic compensation filling, which aims to solve the problems.

the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a gap automatic compensation filling numerical control welding method comprises the following steps:

according to the groove form of the numerical control welding part, combining the dimensional tolerance of the corresponding part and the welding standard requirement, calculating the pole upper difference and the pole lower difference of the assembled groove gap and obtaining the fluctuation range delta W of the numerical value of the groove gap, thereby determining the upper space W of the welding line, wherein the calculation formula of the upper space W of the welding line is as follows:

W＝W₁+ΔW

Wherein W represents the weld top spacing, W₁The thickness of the plate of the workpiece to be welded is shown, and the Delta W shows the fluctuation range of the value of the groove gap;

Analyzing the welding programming principle and parameters and combining the fluctuation range delta W of the groove gap value to obtain the welding speed v₁Wire feed speed v₂the swing frequency f, the function relation between the arc length correction u and the upper spacing W of the welding seam;

during welding programming, inserting the upper interval W of the welding seam and the welding speed v₁Wire feed speed v₂The relationship function formula between the swing frequency f and the arc length correction u tracks the upper spacing W of the welding seam in real time by utilizing the laser tracking function of the equipment, and feeds the spacing W back to the welding program to automatically adjust the welding process.

Further, the fluctuation range aw of the groove gap value is determined by the tolerance of two parts to be welded.

Further, the included angle of the two parts to be welded is 70 °.

further, the upper weld spacing W and the welding speed v₁Is as follows:

v₁＝-10.02W+113.42

Further, the upper welding seam interval W and the wire feeding speed v₂Is as follows:

v₂＝-1.17W+17.79

further, the function relation of the upper welding seam spacing W and the swinging frequency f is as follows:

f＝-16W+217.3

Further, the functional relation between the upper welding seam spacing W and the arc length correction u is as follows:

u＝-0.36W-4.44

in summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. In the present invention, the upper-part spacing W of the weld bead used is not a fixed value but is equal to the plate thickness W of the workpiece to be welded₁Fluctuation range of value of groove clearanceThe sum of delta W is suitable for assembly parts with more sizes, the influence of poor size consistency of the assembly parts on the quality of the whole product is reduced, and the method is flexible and practical.

2. In the invention, the fluctuation range of the numerical value of the groove gap is defined to be different from the fixed value in the traditional case, the fluctuation range of the numerical value of the groove gap is introduced when the upper interval W of the welding seam is calculated, and because welding parts required in practical application are influenced by tolerance, the fluctuation range of the numerical value of the groove gap is a variable numerical value, thus being beneficial to reducing the welding defects caused by the problem of gap fluctuation, avoiding the equipment shutdown risk caused by larger gap change, reducing the potential safety hazard and improving the efficiency of numerical control welding production.

3. in the invention, in the welding programming process, the upper space W of the inserted welding seam and the welding speed v₁wire feed speed v₂The function relation between the swing frequency f and the arc length correction u tracks the upper spacing W of the welding seam in real time by utilizing the laser tracking function of the equipment, and feeds the spacing W back to the welding program to perform automatic adjustment in the welding process, thereby avoiding manual operation and parameter adjustment in the welding process, being simple and convenient and having high safety.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a weld structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows the upper spacing W and welding speed v of the weld joint of the present invention₁Experimental data of (2);

FIG. 3 shows the upper spacing W of the weld and the wire feed speed v according to the invention₂Experimental data of (2);

FIG. 4 is a graph of experimental data of the spacing W at the upper portion of the weld and the swing frequency f of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a graph of experimental data for the weld top spacing W and arc length correction u of the present invention.

The labels in the figure are: 1-side floor section bar, 2-middle floor section bar and 3-welding line.

Detailed Description

in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.