阅读说明：本技术 基于数值模拟的x100管线钢激光-mig复合焊接参数优化方法 (X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG composite welding parameter optimization method based on numerical simulation ) 是由 朱子江 侯佳兵 刘思沾 张迎龙 于 2021-09-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于数值模拟的X100管线钢激光-MIG复合焊接参数优化方法,包括以下步骤：确定X100管线钢激光-MIG复合焊接条件；建立X100管线钢激光-MIG复合焊三维有限元模型并划分网格；根据复合焊接条件确定合理热源模型及模型参数；通过数值模拟软件SYSWELD进行不同焊接参数下的焊接过程仿真；分析数值模拟温度场与残余应力场分布,得到最优的工艺条件。本发明利用数值软件进行模拟,提高了焊接过程的直观性及焊接温度场与残余应力场分析的精确性,避免了大量实际实验的耗材耗时,提高了X100管线钢激光-MIG复合焊接参数优化的效率。(The invention discloses a numerical simulation-based X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG composite welding parameter optimization method, which comprises the following steps of: determining the laser-MIG composite welding condition of the X100 pipeline steel; establishing an X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG composite welding three-dimensional finite element model and dividing grids; determining a reasonable heat source model and model parameters according to the composite welding conditions; carrying out welding process simulation under different welding parameters through numerical simulation software SYSWELD; and analyzing the distribution of the numerical simulation temperature field and the residual stress field to obtain the optimal process condition. The method utilizes numerical software to simulate, improves the intuition of the welding process and the accuracy of analysis of the welding temperature field and the residual stress field, avoids material consumption and time consumption of a large amount of practical experiments, and improves the efficiency of optimization of the X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG composite welding parameters.)

1. The X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG composite welding parameter optimization method based on numerical simulation is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step (1): determining the laser-MIG composite welding condition of the X100 pipeline steel;

the welding conditions include: x100 pipeline steel plate thickness, welding filling material, joint and groove form and other welding process parameters;

step (2): establishing a three-dimensional finite element model in Visual-Mesh according to the structure size of an actual welded steel plate, and dividing grids;

and (3): determining a reasonable heat source model according to the composite welding conditions;

and (4): performing a welding test and numerical simulation, and calculating errors by contrasting simulation and actual morphological parameters of the composite welding pool to ensure the accuracy of the simulation;

and (5): and (3) simulating the welding process under different welding parameters by using finite element software SYSWELD, and analyzing the temperature field and the residual stress field under different welding process conditions to finally obtain the optimal process parameters.

2. The numerical simulation-based X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG hybrid welding parameter optimization method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the X100 pipeline steel in the step (1) is a medium plate with the thickness of 10-20 mm.

3. The numerical simulation-based X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG hybrid welding parameter optimization method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the welding filler in the step (1) is MLERIt JM-80 low alloy steel welding wire with the diameter phi of 3.2.

4. The numerical simulation-based X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG hybrid welding parameter optimization method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the joint is in a flat plate butt joint mode, an I-shaped groove is adopted, and the gap is 0.5 mm.

5. The numerical simulation-based X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG hybrid welding parameter optimization method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (2) performing laser-MIG composite single-pass welding by adopting the arrangement mode of leading electric arcs in front of laser according to the welding process parameters in the step (1).

6. The numerical simulation-based X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG hybrid welding parameter optimization method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: setting the laser energy ratio as the welding process parameters in the step (1); the laser power is 3.0-4.0 kW, the distance between the optical fibers is 2.0mm, and the defocusing amount is-2 mm; the MIG welding current is 140A-180A, the voltage is 24 +/-2V, and the welding speed is 0.9 +/-0.1 m/min.

7. The numerical simulation-based X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG hybrid welding parameter optimization method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) dividing the three-dimensional model mesh by adopting eight-node hexahedron units in the step (2), wherein the mesh size is 0.3 +/-0.1 mm.

8. The numerical simulation-based X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG hybrid welding parameter optimization method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) preferably combining the double-ellipsoid heat source model and the three-dimensional cone heat source model in the step (3) according to the composite welding conditions.

9. The numerical simulation-based X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG hybrid welding parameter optimization method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the above-mentionedThe comparison parameters of the simulation and actual appearance of the composite welding pool in the step (4) comprise: laser zone penetration H_LArc zone penetration H_ALaser zone melting width B_LArc zone melting width B_AWidth W of heat affected zone of laser area_LAnd width W of heat affected zone of arc zone_A。

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a numerical simulation-based X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG composite welding parameter optimization method.

Background

The laser-MIG electric arc hybrid welding has the advantages of large welding penetration, narrow welding heat affected zone, high joint strength and the like, and is suitable for welding pipeline steel of different grades; the welding parameters are particularly important for X100 pipeline steel composite welding, and the welding quality is directly determined; at present, the traditional method for optimizing the laser-MIG composite welding parameters of the X100 pipeline steel is to carry out a large number of workpiece tests and continuously debug a single parameter until a proper parameter is screened out, and the process has high test cost and large workload. In view of the above, the invention needs to provide a method for optimizing X100 pipeline steel composite welding parameters based on numerical simulation, which is low in cost, convenient to operate, efficient and accurate, and replaces the conventional optimization method mainly based on physical test piece testing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a numerical simulation-based X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG composite welding parameter optimization method, and solves the technical problems that in the prior art, a large number of workpiece tests are carried out, single parameters are continuously debugged until proper parameters are screened out, the test cost is high, and the workload is large in the traditional method for optimizing X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG composite welding parameters.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following scheme:

a numerical simulation-based X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG composite welding parameter optimization method comprises the following steps:

step (1): determining laser-MIG composite welding conditions of X100 pipeline steel, which comprises the following steps: x100 pipeline steel plate thickness, welding filling materials, joint and groove forms, other welding process parameters and the like;

step (2): establishing a three-dimensional finite element model in Visual-Mesh according to the structure size of an actual welded steel plate, and dividing grids;

and (3): determining a reasonable heat source model according to the composite welding conditions;

and (4): and performing welding test and numerical simulation, and calculating errors by contrasting the simulation of the composite welding pool and the actual morphology parameters to ensure the accuracy of the simulation.

And (5): and (3) simulating the welding process under different welding parameters by using finite element software SYSWELD, and analyzing the temperature field and the residual stress field under different welding process conditions to finally obtain the optimal process parameters.

Further optimizing, the X100 pipeline steel in the step (1) is a medium plate with the thickness of 10-20 mm.

Further optimizing, the welding filler material in the step (1) is MLERIt JM-80 low alloy steel welding wire with the diameter phi of 3.2.

Further optimizing, the connector in the step (1) is in a flat plate butt joint mode, an I-shaped groove is adopted, and the gap is 0.5 mm.

And (3) further optimizing, wherein the welding process parameters in the step (1) adopt an arrangement mode of leading electric arcs in front of laser to carry out laser-MIG composite single-pass welding.

Further optimizing, wherein in the step (1), the welding process parameters are set to be laser energy ratio; the laser power is 3.0-4.0 kW, the distance between the optical fibers is 2.0mm, and the defocusing amount is-2 mm; the MIG welding current is 140A-180A, the voltage is 24 +/-2V, and the welding speed is 0.9 +/-0.1 m/min.

And (3) further optimizing, wherein eight-node hexahedron units are adopted in the step (2) to divide the three-dimensional model mesh, and the mesh size is 0.3 +/-0.1 mm.

And (4) further optimizing, wherein preferably, the double-ellipsoid heat source model and the three-dimensional cone heat source model are combined in the step (3) according to the composite welding conditions.

Further optimizing, the comparison parameters of the simulation and the actual appearance of the composite welding pool in the step (4) comprise: laser zone penetration H_LArc zone penetration H_ALaser zone melting width B_LArc zone melting width B_AWidth W of heat affected zone of laser area_LAnd width W of heat affected zone of arc zone_A

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a method for optimizing X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG composite welding process parameters, which comprises the steps of constructing an X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG composite welding finite element model, selecting a double-ellipsoid heat source model and a three-dimensional cone heat source model for combination, verifying the accuracy of the model through comparison simulation and actual welding pool shape and size, optimizing the X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG composite welding parameters, efficiently obtaining the rule of the influence of the X100 pipeline steel composite welding parameters on welding quality and welding residual stress, and obtaining the optimal welding process parameters. Through numerical simulation, waste of test workpieces is avoided, workload of welding parameter optimization is reduced, test cost is reduced, accuracy of parameter results determined through the method is high, the method has high feasibility, and large-scale popularization is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a finite element model diagram of the pipeline steel of example 1;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of the rectangular frame portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a comparison of simulated and experimental bath topography for example 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a composite weld simulated temperature field of example 2; fig. 4(a) is a schematic diagram of a composite welding simulation temperature field when the laser energy ratio LER is 0.42; fig. 4(b) is a schematic diagram of a composite welding simulated temperature field when the laser energy ratio LER is 0.46; fig. 4(c) is a schematic diagram of a composite welding simulated temperature field when the laser energy ratio LER is 0.50; fig. 4(d) is a schematic diagram of a composite welding simulated temperature field when the laser energy ratio LER is 0.54;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a composite weld simulated longitudinal residual stress of example 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of simulated transverse residual stress of the composite weld of example 2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a simulated sheet thickness residual stress of the composite weld of example 2;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of simulated equivalent residual stress of composite welding of embodiment 2.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

Example 1:

as shown in figures 1-3, the X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG composite welding parameter optimization method based on numerical simulation aims at X100 pipeline steel, the size of a steel plate is 200mm multiplied by 80mm multiplied by 12mm, the shape of a welding molten pool is obtained by numerical simulation, parameter comparison is carried out on the welding molten pool and an actual molten pool, and the accuracy of a numerical simulation heat source is verified.

The thickness of the X100 pipeline steel subjected to laser-MIG composite welding is 12mm, the filler wire phi is 3.2MLERIt JM-80 low alloy steel welding wire, the joint is in a flat butt joint mode, an I-shaped groove is adopted, and the gap is 0.5 mm.

And performing laser-MIG composite single-pass welding by adopting an arrangement mode of leading electric arcs by laser in front. Setting the laser power to be 3.7kW, the spacing between the optical fibers to be 2.0mm and the defocusing amount to be-2 mm; the MIG welding current 154A, the voltage 24V and the welding speed 0.9m/min are set. Establishing a finite element model in Visual-Mesh according to the actual welding size of the X100 pipeline steel, and dividing the three-dimensional finite element model by adopting eight-node hexahedron units, wherein the grid size is 0.3 +/-0.1 mm. The simulated welding heat source is preferably combined by a double-ellipsoid heat source model and a three-dimensional cone heat source model. After numerical simulation, comparing the shape parameters of the welding simulation molten pool and the actual molten pool, and calculating the errors of various parameters to ensure the accuracy of the simulated composite welding process and the calculation result.

FIG. 1 is a finite element model diagram of X100 pipeline steel of example 1; FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of the rectangular frame portion of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of simulated and experimental bath morphology for example 1; the reference numbers in FIG. 3 mean 1: test arc zone penetration; 2: testing the melting depth of a laser area; 3: testing the half-fusion width of a laser area; 4: testing the width of a heat affected zone of the laser area; 5: testing the width of a heat affected zone of an arc zone; 6: testing the half-melting width of an arc area; 7: simulating the melting depth of an arc zone; 8: simulating the melting depth of a laser area; 9: simulating the semi-fusion width of a laser area; 10: simulating the width of a heat affected zone of a laser area; 11: simulating the width of a heat affected zone of an arc zone; 12: simulating half-melting width of an arc area.

In this example, the numerical simulation and actual test weld pool cross-sectional profile data pair of X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG hybrid welding is shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 simulation and test of bath morphology parameters

The data in the table 1 show that the errors of the shape simulation result of the molten pool and the shape parameters of the actual molten pool in the arc area, the laser area, the weld penetration, the weld width, the heat affected zone width and the like are reasonable, the heat source selection is accurate, and the method can be applied to parameter optimization in the welding process.

Example 2:

the embodiment provides a method for optimizing laser-MIG composite welding parameters of X100 pipeline steel based on numerical simulation, aiming at X100 pipeline steel, the size of a steel plate is 200mm multiplied by 80mm multiplied by 12mm, and the laser-MIG composite welding parameters of the X100 pipeline steel are optimized by adopting the numerical simulation.

The thickness of the X100 pipeline steel subjected to laser-MIG composite welding is 12mm, the filler wire phi is 3.2MLERIt JM-80 low alloy steel welding wire, the joint is in a flat butt joint mode, an I-shaped groove is adopted, and the gap is 0.5 mm.

The laser-MIG composite single-pass welding is simulated for 4 groups by adopting the arrangement mode of leading the electric arcs in front of the laser. The various sets of welding process parameters are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 welding Process parameters

Establishing a finite element model in Visual-Mesh according to the actual welding size of the X100 pipeline steel, and dividing the three-dimensional finite element model by adopting eight-node hexahedron units, wherein the grid size is 0.3 +/-0.1 mm. The simulated welding heat source is preferably combined by a double-ellipsoid heat source model and a three-dimensional cone heat source model. And calculating the results of each group of welding simulation temperature fields and residual stress fields by SYSWELD finite element software, and analyzing the influence of welding parameters on the welding residual stress to obtain the lowest residual stress level.

As shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of the simulated temperature field of the composite welding of example 2, the calculation result shows that when the LER is 0.42, the maximum temperature of the joint temperature field is 2187.95 ℃, and when the LER is increased from 0.42 to 0.54, the peak temperature of the typical joint is increased; FIG. 5 is a composite weld simulated longitudinal direction of example 2A schematic diagram of residual stress; FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of simulated transverse residual stress of the composite weld of example 2; FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the simulated sheet thickness residual stress of the composite weld of example 2; FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the composite welding simulation equivalent residual stress of example 2; the calculations show that the overall stress level is highest in the composite welded pipe line steel when LER is 0.42. When LER increases from 0.42 to 0.50, σ_xPeak tensile stress sum σ of_VonAll show a downward trend, σ_xThe peak tensile stress of (A) was reduced by 23.8 MPa. When LER increases from 0.50 to 0.54, σ_x、σ_y、σ_zAnd σ_VonAll show a certain rising trend.

The peak change in residual stress for the composite weldment at different LERs is shown in Table 3. The laser energy ratio LER is within 0.42-0.54, and sigma is increased along with the increase of the laser power_x、σ_zAnd σ_VonThe peak value level of each stress shows a small reduction; as LER increases from 0.50 to 0.54, the maximum value of each stress component in the weldment increases. When LER is 0.50, the equivalent residual stress peak value of the welding joint is 518.3MPa, and the longitudinal residual stress peak value and the transverse residual stress peak value are 550.8MPa and 288.2MPa respectively, so that the residual stress level of the X100 pipeline steel composite welding joint is the lowest.

TABLE 3 composite weld simulated residual stress Peak

According to the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, the method for optimizing the laser-MIG hybrid welding parameters of the X100 pipeline steel based on the numerical simulation has better accuracy and efficiency, and the method for optimizing the laser-MIG hybrid welding parameters of the X100 pipeline steel based on the numerical simulation is feasible.

In summary, the method of the present invention has the following advantages: the method comprises the steps of constructing an X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG composite welding finite element model, selecting a double-ellipsoid heat source model and a three-dimensional cone heat source model for combination, verifying the accuracy of the model through comparison simulation and actual welding pool shape and size, optimizing X100 pipeline steel laser-MIG composite welding parameters, efficiently obtaining the influence rule of the X100 pipeline steel composite welding parameters on welding quality and welding residual stress, and obtaining the optimal welding process parameters.

The above description is only a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.