阅读说明：本技术 激光接收装置、激光接收方法和激光雷达 (Laser receiving device, laser receiving method and laser radar ) 是由 马丁昽 刘迎春 于 2020-03-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种激光接收装置、方法和激光雷达,属于光电探测领域。该接收装置包括：接收物镜(10)、空间滤波器(11)、光波导匀光器(13)、光谱滤波器(12)和光电探测器(14),空间滤波器(11)对来自接收物镜(10)的回波光信号进行空间滤波,保留预设视场内的回波光信号,可以增加激光接收装置的信噪比；光波导匀光器(13)将空间滤波处理后的回波光信号进行匀光处理,实现将回波光信号均匀照射在光电探测器(14)上,光斑的能量均匀的分布在光电探测器(14)的各个像素上,使光电探测器(14)具有更低的虚警率；光谱滤波器(12)对回波光信号进行带通滤波,保留预设频段内的回波光信号,可以进一步提高激光接收装置的信噪比,提高光电探测器(14)的准确度,减小噪声光信号对光电探测器(14)的干扰。(A laser receiving device, a laser receiving method and a laser radar belong to the field of photoelectric detection. The receiving apparatus includes: the device comprises a receiving objective lens (10), a spatial filter (11), an optical waveguide light equalizer (13), a spectral filter (12) and a photoelectric detector (14), wherein the spatial filter (11) performs spatial filtering on an echo light signal from the receiving objective lens (10), the echo light signal in a preset field of view is reserved, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the laser receiving device can be increased; the optical waveguide light equalizer (13) performs light equalizing processing on the echo light signals after the spatial filtering processing to realize that the echo light signals are uniformly irradiated on the photoelectric detector (14), and the energy of light spots is uniformly distributed on each pixel of the photoelectric detector (14), so that the photoelectric detector (14) has lower false alarm rate; the spectral filter (12) performs band-pass filtering on the echo optical signals, reserves the echo optical signals in a preset frequency band, can further improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the laser receiving device, improves the accuracy of the photoelectric detector (14), and reduces the interference of the noise optical signals on the photoelectric detector (14).)

A laser light receiving device, comprising: the system comprises a receiving objective lens, a spatial filter, a spectral filter and a photoelectric detector;

the receiving objective lens is used for receiving echo optical signals and transmitting the echo optical signals to the spatial filter;

the spatial filter is used for spatially filtering the echo optical signal from the receiving objective lens to filter noise optical signals outside a preset field of view, and transmitting the spatially filtered echo optical signal to the spectral filter;

the spectral filter is used for performing band-pass filtering on the echo optical signal from the spatial filter to filter noise optical signals outside a preset frequency band, and transmitting the echo optical signal subjected to the band-pass filtering to the photoelectric detector;

and the photoelectric detector is used for performing photoelectric conversion on the echo optical signal from the spectral filter to obtain an electric signal.

The laser light receiving device according to claim 1, further comprising:

and the optical waveguide dodging device is used for dodging the echo optical signals from the spectral filter and transmitting the dodged echo optical signals to the photoelectric detector.

The laser receiver according to claim 2, wherein the receiving objective adopts a telecentric beam path, and the optical waveguide homogenizer is arranged parallel to an optical axis of the receiving objective; or

The receiving objective adopts a non-telecentric light path, and the optical waveguide light equalizer and the optical axis of the receiving objective are arranged at a preset angle.

The laser receiving device according to claim 1, wherein the spatial filter includes a diaphragm, and the diaphragm is an aperture diaphragm, a field diaphragm, a vignetting diaphragm, or an anti-stray light diaphragm.

The laser light receiving device according to claim 4, wherein the diaphragm is disposed on a focal plane of the receiving objective lens.

The laser light receiving device according to claim 4, wherein an aperture size of the stop is θ × f, θ represents a divergence angle of the emitted light signal, and f represents a focal length of the receiving objective lens.

The laser receiving device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the number of the optical waveguide dodging devices is plural, the plural optical waveguide dodging devices are arranged in M rows and N columns, M and N are integers greater than or equal to 1; the number of the photoelectric detectors is M multiplied by N, and the number of the spectral filters and the number of the optical waveguide dodging devices are M multiplied by N.

A laser receiving device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the optical waveguide dodging device comprises: a light guide member and a light uniformizing member;

the light guide component is used for transmitting an echo light signal from the spectral filter and transmitting the echo light signal to the dodging component; the light guide component is in a shape of a cylinder, a truncated cone, a cuboid or a prismatic table;

and the light homogenizing component is used for carrying out light homogenizing treatment on the echo light signals from the light guide component.

The laser receiving device of claim 1, wherein the photodetector is an avalanche diode (APD) detector or a silicon photomultiplier detector.

The laser light receiving device according to claim 1, further comprising: a collimating lens, an angle filter and a focusing lens;

the collimating lens is used for collimating the echo optical signal from the spatial filter and transmitting the collimated echo optical signal to the angle filter;

the angle filter is used for carrying out angle filtering on the echo optical signals from the collimating lens and transmitting the echo optical signals after the angle filtering to the focusing lens;

the focusing lens is used for carrying out focusing processing on the echo optical signals from the angle filter and transmitting the echo optical signals after the focusing processing to the spectrum filter.

The laser receiver according to claim 10, wherein the angle filter is a dow mirror.

The laser light receiving device according to claim 10, wherein the focusing lens includes a plano-convex lens, a positive meniscus lens, an aspherical lens, a diffractive lens, or a reflective lens.

A laser receiving method, comprising:

the receiving objective lens receives an echo optical signal and transmits the echo optical signal to the spatial filter;

the spatial filter performs spatial filtering on the echo optical signal from the receiving objective lens to filter noise optical signals outside a preset field of view, and transmits the echo optical signal after the spatial filtering to the spectral filter;

the spectral filter is used for performing band-pass filtering on the echo optical signal from the spectral filter to filter noise optical signals outside a preset frequency band, and transmitting the echo optical signal subjected to band-pass filtering to the photoelectric detector;

and the photoelectric detector performs photoelectric conversion on the echo optical signal from the spectral filter to obtain an electric signal.

The method of claim 13, further comprising:

the optical waveguide dodging device conducts dodging processing on the echo optical signals from the spatial filter, and the echo optical signals after dodging processing are transmitted to the spectral filter.

A lidar, comprising: the laser light receiving device according to any one of claims 1 to 12.