阅读说明：本技术 一种用于薄壁回转体组件的激光焊加工方法 (Laser welding processing method for thin-wall revolving body component ) 是由 刘涛 韦元成 何国锐 丁盾 饶内林 伍碧霞 范成元 于 2021-08-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及焊接技术领域,公开了一种用于薄壁回转体组件的激光焊加工方法,激光焊工装包括第一夹块和第二夹块；第一夹块包括夹持部和安装部；夹持部和安装部均为回转实体且同轴相接,薄壁回转体组件同轴套于安装部外周,安装部外壁与连接座内壁间隙配合安装,夹持部和安装部相接处设有用于防止薄壁回转体轴向滑动的定位台阶；安装部远离夹持部的一端端面上同轴设有螺纹锁紧槽；第二夹块包括压块和锁紧杆,压块和锁紧杆为同轴相接的回转实体,锁紧杆伸入并与螺纹锁紧槽螺纹连接,压块朝向螺纹锁槽的一端面为端面定位面,薄壁回转体组件靠近端面定位面的连接板的端面与端面定位面贴合,具有提高装夹精度、加工效率和提高焊缝结构强度的优点。(The invention relates to the technical field of welding, and discloses a laser welding processing method for a thin-wall revolving body component, wherein a laser welding tool comprises a first clamping block and a second clamping block; the first clamping block comprises a clamping part and an installation part; the clamping part and the mounting part are both solid bodies of revolution and are coaxially connected, the thin-wall revolving body assembly is coaxially sleeved on the periphery of the mounting part, the outer wall of the mounting part is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the connecting seat, and a positioning step for preventing the thin-wall revolving body from axially sliding is arranged at the joint of the clamping part and the mounting part; a thread locking groove is coaxially arranged on the end surface of one end of the mounting part far away from the clamping part; the second clamping block comprises a pressing block and a locking rod, the pressing block and the locking rod are coaxially connected rotary entities, the locking rod extends into the locking rod and is in threaded connection with the threaded locking groove, one end face of the pressing block, facing the threaded locking groove, is an end face positioning face, and the end face of the thin-wall rotary body assembly, close to the connecting plate of the end face positioning face, is attached to the end face positioning face.)

1. The utility model provides a laser welding processing method for thin wall solid of revolution subassembly, uses laser welding frock (2) clamping thin wall solid of revolution subassembly (1), its characterized in that: the laser welding tool (2) comprises a first clamping block (21) and a second clamping block (22);

the first clamping block (21) comprises a clamping part (211) and a mounting part (212); the clamping part (211) and the installation part (212) are both rotary entities and are coaxially connected, the thin-wall rotary body component (1) is coaxially sleeved on the periphery of the installation part (212), the outer wall of the installation part (212) is installed in a clearance fit manner with the inner wall of a connecting seat (12) of the thin-wall rotary body component (1), and a positioning step (213) for preventing the thin-wall rotary body component (1) from axially sliding is arranged at the joint of the clamping part (211) and the installation part (212); a thread locking groove (214) is coaxially arranged on the end face of one end, away from the clamping part (211), of the mounting part (212);

the second clamping block (22) comprises a pressing block (221) and a locking rod (222), the pressing block (221) and the locking rod (222) are coaxially connected rotary entities, the locking rod (222) extends into the thread locking groove (214) and is in threaded connection with the thread locking groove (214), one end face, facing the thread locking groove (214), of the pressing block (221) is an end face positioning face (223), and the end face, close to the end face positioning face (223), of the connecting plate (121) of the thin-wall rotary body component (1) is attached to the end face positioning face (223);

the method comprises the following specific steps:

step S1, assembling the thin-wall revolving body assembly (1) and clamping the thin-wall revolving body assembly on the laser welding tool (2);

s2, correctly clamping the laser welding tool (2) on a three-jaw chuck of a laser welding machine;

step S3, adjusting the angle between the central axis of the three-jaw chuck and the laser beam path;

step S4, adjusting and determining the relative position between the laser beam and the welding seam;

and step S5, welding the first welding seam (13).

2. The laser welding machining method for the thin-wall rotating body component according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of thin-wall revolving body components (1) are coaxially and sequentially sleeved on the periphery of the mounting part (212), and the end faces of two connecting plates (121) which are close to each other on the adjacent thin-wall revolving body components (1) are tightly attached;

the method comprises the following steps:

s1, assembling a plurality of thin-wall revolving body components and sequentially clamping the thin-wall revolving body components on the laser welding tool (2);

s2, correctly clamping the laser welding tool (2) on a three-jaw chuck of a laser welding machine;

step S3, adjusting and determining the angle between the central axis of the three-jaw chuck and the laser beam path;

step S4, adjusting and determining the relative position between the laser beam and the welding seam to be welded;

step S5, welding the first welding seam (13);

s6, after the first welding seam (13) is naturally cooled, the steps S3 and S4 are sequentially repeated, and the second welding seam (14) is welded;

and step S7, taking down the thin-wall rotary body component (1) after the second welding line (14) is naturally cooled.

3. The laser welding machining method for the thin-wall rotating body component according to claim 1, characterized in that: the periphery of the installation part (212) and the periphery of the pressing block (221) are provided with knurling grains.

4. The laser welding machining method for the thin-wall rotating body component according to claim 1, characterized in that: the laser welding tool (2) is made of copper or copper alloy.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a laser welding processing method for a thin-wall revolving body component, which is used for carrying out laser welding on a thin-wall framework which is difficult to be processed by a mechanical method or a framework component which is made of different fusible welding materials.

Background

As shown in fig. 2, the thin-wall revolving body component (1) comprises a fixed cylinder (11) and two connecting seats (12), the fixed cylinder (11) and the connecting seats (12) are both cylindrical, the two ends of the fixed cylinder (11) are respectively provided with one connecting seat (12), the inner side wall of an opening of the fixed cylinder (11) is coaxially sleeved with the outer side wall of the connecting seat (12) of the thin-wall revolving body component (1), the edge of the connecting seat (12) of the thin-wall revolving body component (1), which is far away from the opening of the end of the fixed cylinder (11), extends from inside to outside and is provided with an annular connecting plate (121), and a seam between the connecting seat (12) of the thin-wall revolving body component (1) and the fixed cylinder (11) is a first welding seam (13); when the thin-wall revolving body assemblies (1) are coaxially and sequentially butted, a seam formed by mutually attaching the adjacent connecting plates (121) is a second welding seam (14).

In the prior art, laser welding is generally used when a thin-wall revolving body component is welded and formed, but the requirements of laser welding on the matching of welding seams, the misalignment amount and the component deformation amount are strict, so that the vacuum brazing or resistance spot welding is generally used for fixing the seams of various parts in advance with high precision in advance, and then the laser welding is used for reinforcing the structural strength of the seams.

But both vacuum brazing and resistance spot welding have their own defects, and 1, the difficulty of uniform coating of brazing filler metal during vacuum brazing is high; the molten solder is easy to overflow, so that the molten solder at each part of a welding seam is not uniformly distributed, and leakage points or overflow points appear; the molten brazing filler metal is adhered to the tool in a long time, and the part is damaged when being taken down; meanwhile, the adhered brazing filler metal influences the clamping precision of the tool, so that the tool is often replaced during laser welding, the production efficiency is reduced, and the production cost is increased; 2. special upper and lower electrodes need to be processed during resistance spot welding, and the requirement on the operation skill is high; secondly, extrusion deformation is easily caused to the thin-wall part in the spot welding process, and the machining precision is reduced; thirdly, the quality of the weld joint of the thin-wall precision part after resistance spot welding is difficult to check, and the quality judgment is difficult to be carried out through the appearance; meanwhile, welding seams formed during resistance spot welding are connected together through welding spots, the shearing strength of all parts of the welding seams is different, and the welding spots are easy to fall off.

Therefore, a laser welding processing method for the thin-wall revolving body component is urgently needed, and high-precision positioning and clamping are realized when the thin-wall revolving body component is directly subjected to laser welding.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a laser welding processing method for a thin-wall revolving body component, which realizes high-precision positioning and clamping when the thin-wall revolving body component is directly subjected to laser welding, and has the effects of improving the clamping precision and the processing efficiency and improving the structural strength of a welding seam.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a laser welding processing method for a thin-wall revolving body component, which is characterized in that a laser welding tool is used for clamping the thin-wall revolving body component, and the laser welding tool comprises a first clamping block and a second clamping block;

the first clamping block comprises a clamping part and an installation part; the clamping part and the installation part are both solid bodies of revolution and are coaxially connected, the thin-wall revolving body assembly is coaxially sleeved on the periphery of the installation part, the outer wall of the installation part is in clearance fit installation with the inner wall of a connecting seat of the thin-wall revolving body assembly, and a positioning step for preventing the thin-wall revolving body assembly from axially sliding is arranged at the joint of the clamping part and the installation part; a thread locking groove is coaxially arranged on the end surface of one end of the mounting part, which is far away from the clamping part;

the second clamping block comprises a pressing block and a locking rod, the pressing block and the locking rod are coaxially connected rotary entities, the locking rod extends into the thread locking groove and is in threaded connection with the thread locking groove, one end face of the pressing block, facing the thread locking groove, is an end face positioning face, and the end face of the thin-wall rotary body assembly, close to the connecting plate of the end face positioning face, is attached to the end face positioning face;

the method comprises the following specific steps:

step S1, assembling the thin-wall revolving body assembly and clamping the thin-wall revolving body assembly on the laser welding tool;

step S2, correctly clamping the laser welding tool on a three-jaw chuck of a laser welding machine;

step S3, adjusting the angle between the central axis of the three-jaw chuck and the laser beam path;

step S4, adjusting and determining the relative position between the laser beam and the welding seam;

and step S5, welding the first welding seam.

In order to better realize the invention, further, a plurality of thin-wall revolving body components are coaxially and sequentially sleeved on the periphery of the mounting part, and the end faces of two connecting plates which are close to each other on the adjacent thin-wall revolving body components are tightly attached;

the method comprises the following specific steps:

step S1, assembling a plurality of thin-wall revolving body components and sequentially clamping the thin-wall revolving body components on the laser welding tool;

step S2, correctly clamping the laser welding tool on a three-jaw chuck of a laser welding machine;

step S3, adjusting and determining the angle between the central axis of the three-jaw chuck and the laser beam path;

step S4, adjusting and determining the relative position between the laser beam and the welding seam to be welded;

step S5, welding the first welding seam;

s6, after the first welding line is naturally cooled, repeating the steps S3 and S4 in sequence, and welding a second welding line;

and step S7, taking down the thin-wall rotary body component after the second welding line is naturally cooled.

In order to better realize the invention, further, knurling grains are arranged on the periphery of the installation part and the periphery of the pressing block.

In order to better implement the invention, further, the laser welding tool is made of copper or copper alloy.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) the mounting part is in clearance fit with the connecting seat, and the two end faces of the thin-wall revolving body assembly are positioned through the positioning step and the end face positioning face, so that the clamping precision is improved; the step of vacuum brazing or resistance spot welding is avoided, the machining efficiency is further improved, the formed welding line is uniform, and the structural strength is improved.

(2) According to the invention, the first welding line is welded, and the position angle relation between the laser beam and the second welding line is determined again after the first welding line is cooled, so that the situation that the second welding line is directly processed when the thermal deformation of the thin-wall revolving body component is not recovered is avoided, and the error accumulation is effectively avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale. All of the inventive innovations herein should be considered in the disclosure and the scope of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thin-walled solid of revolution assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a thin-walled solid of revolution assembly in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second clamping block of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first clamping block of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a single thin-walled solid of revolution component as mounted on a laser welding tool;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a plurality of thin-walled solid of revolution components mounted on a laser welding tool;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the location of the knurl pattern of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. a thin-walled solid of revolution component; 11. a fixed cylinder; 12. a connecting seat; 121. a connecting plate; 13. a first weld; 14. a second weld; 2. laser welding tooling; 21. a first clamping block; 211. a clamping portion; 212. an installation part; 213. positioning a step; 214. a thread locking groove; 22. a second clamp block; 221. briquetting; 222. a locking lever; 223. and (5) an end face positioning surface.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

a laser welding processing method of a thin-wall revolving body component is characterized in that a laser welding tool 2 is used for clamping the thin-wall revolving body component 1, wherein the thin-wall revolving body component 1 comprises a fixed cylinder 11 and two connecting seats 12 as shown in figure 2, the fixed cylinder 11 and the connecting seats 12 are both cylindrical, the two ends of the fixed cylinder 11 are both provided with one connecting seat 12, the inner side wall of an opening of the fixed cylinder 11 is coaxially sleeved with the outer side wall of the connecting seat 12, the edge of the opening of the end part of the connecting seat 12, which is far away from the fixed cylinder 11, extends from the inside to the outside and is provided with an annular connecting plate 121, and a seam between the connecting seat 12 and the fixed cylinder 11 is a first welding seam 13; when the thin-wall revolving body assemblies 1 are coaxially and sequentially butted, a seam formed by mutually attaching adjacent connecting plates 121 is a second welding seam 14.

As shown in fig. 1-5, the thin-wall revolving body assembly is mounted on a laser welding tool 2, and the laser welding tool 2 comprises a first clamping block 21 and a second clamping block 22;

the first clamping block 21 comprises a clamping part 211 and a mounting part 212; the clamping part 211 and the mounting part 212 are both solid bodies of revolution and are coaxially connected, the thin-wall revolving body assembly 1 is coaxially sleeved on the periphery of the mounting part 212, the outer wall of the mounting part 212 is installed in clearance fit with the inner wall of the connecting seat 12, and a positioning step 213 for preventing the thin-wall revolving body from axially sliding is arranged at the joint of the clamping part 211 and the mounting part 212; a thread locking groove 214 is coaxially arranged on the end face of one end of the mounting part 212 far away from the clamping part 211;

the second clamping block 22 comprises a pressing block 221 and a locking rod 222, the pressing block 221 and the locking rod 222 are coaxially connected rotary entities, the locking rod 222 extends into and is in threaded connection with the thread locking groove 214, one end face of the pressing block 221 facing the thread locking groove is an end face positioning face 223, and the end face of the thin-wall rotary body component 1, which is close to the connecting plate 121 of the end face positioning face 223, is attached to the end face positioning face 223.

The clearance between the outer diameter of the mounting part 212 and the inner diameter of the connecting seat is controlled to be 0.01-0.04 mm, and when a single thin-wall revolving body component 1 is fixed, the length of the mounting part 212 on the laser welding tool 2 is 0.5-2 mm shorter than the 1/2 height of the fixed cylinder 11;

as shown in fig. 7, knurled lines are arranged on the periphery of the mounting part 212 and the periphery of the pressing block 221, so that the tool can be taken conveniently in the use process, and the anti-skid and anti-falling effects are achieved;

the laser welding tool 2 is made of copper or copper alloy, has good heat dissipation performance and is convenient for fast cooling of a welding seam; meanwhile, the amount of thermal deformation of copper or copper alloy is small, and the thin-wall revolving body component 1 is favorably clamped with high precision.

The method comprises the following specific steps:

step S1, assembling the thin-wall revolving body assembly and clamping the thin-wall revolving body assembly on the laser welding tool 2;

step S2, correctly clamping the laser welding tool 2 on a three-jaw chuck of a laser welding machine;

step S3, adjusting the angle between the central axis of the three-jaw chuck and the laser beam path;

step S4, adjusting and determining the relative position between the laser beam and the weld joint

Step S5 is to weld the first bead 13.

Example 2:

the embodiment is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 6, a plurality of thin-wall revolving body assemblies 1 are coaxially and sequentially sleeved on the periphery of the installation part 212 of the laser welding tool 2, and the end faces of two connecting plates 121, which are close to each other, on two adjacent thin-wall revolving body assemblies 1 are tightly attached to each other.

When a plurality of thin-wall revolving body assemblies 1 which are coaxially connected are fixed, the length of the mounting part 212 on the used laser welding tool 2 is 0.5 mm-2 mm shorter than the height of the fixed cylinder 11;

the method comprises the following specific steps:

step S1, assembling a plurality of thin-wall revolving body assemblies 1 and clamping the thin-wall revolving body assemblies on the laser welding tool 2 in sequence;

step S2, correctly clamping the laser welding tool 2 on a three-jaw chuck of a laser welding machine;

step S3, adjusting and determining the angle between the central axis of the three-jaw chuck and the laser beam path;

step S4, adjusting and determining the relative position between the laser beam and the welding seam to be welded;

step S5, welding the first weld joint 13;

step S6, after the first welding line 13 is naturally cooled, the steps S3 and S4 are sequentially repeated, and the second welding line 14 is welded;

and step S7, taking down the thin-wall rotary body component 1 after the second welding seam 14 is naturally cooled.

Other parts of this embodiment are the same as embodiment 1, and thus are not described again.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.