阅读说明：本技术 一种激光除锈钢构件表面粗糙度控制方法 (Laser rust removal steel member surface roughness control method ) 是由 齐悦 谢小山 张月玥 陈彦恒 孙洪硕 周郑 刘阳 王大帅 耿文燕 马志芳 于 2020-12-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请提出一种激光除锈钢构件表面粗糙度控制方法,采用的除锈装置包括由左轨道及右轨道组成推进机构,和传动连接于所述推进机构上的龙门架,可受驱动沿龙门架横梁上运动的吊臂,吊臂下方固定连接有悬架,悬架上安装有工作头；所述工作头包括正方形框架,所述正方形框架由四条长度相同的框条构成,分别是后框条、前框条、左框条和右框条,所述左框条和所述右框条中点处分别安装有摄像头,所述左框条和所述右框条下方安装有照明灯组,使对应的摄像头的拍摄范围内的照度均一。(The application provides a method for controlling the surface roughness of a laser derusting steel member, wherein an adopted derusting device comprises a propelling mechanism consisting of a left rail and a right rail, a portal frame connected to the propelling mechanism in a transmission manner, and a suspension arm capable of being driven to move along a portal frame beam, wherein a suspension is fixedly connected below the suspension arm, and a working head is installed on the suspension arm; the working head comprises a square frame, the square frame is composed of four frame strips with the same length, namely a rear frame strip, a front frame strip, a left frame strip and a right frame strip, cameras are mounted at the middle points of the left frame strip and the right frame strip respectively, and lighting lamp groups are mounted below the left frame strip and the right frame strip, so that the illumination intensity of the corresponding cameras in the shooting range is uniform.)

1. A method for controlling the surface roughness of a laser rust removal steel member comprises the steps that a rust removal device comprises a propulsion mechanism consisting of a left rail and a right rail, a portal frame in transmission connection with the propulsion mechanism, and a suspension arm capable of being driven to move along a portal frame beam, wherein a suspension frame is fixedly connected below the suspension arm, and a working head is installed on the suspension frame; the working head comprises a square frame, the square frame consists of four frame strips with the same length, namely a rear frame strip, a front frame strip, a left frame strip and a right frame strip, cameras are respectively arranged at the middle points of the left frame strip and the right frame strip, and lighting lamp groups are arranged below the left frame strip and the right frame strip, so that the illumination intensity in the shooting range of the corresponding cameras is uniform; the rear frame strip and the front frame strip are also provided with movable mechanisms, and the sliding beam which is in transmission connection with the movable mechanisms can move at a constant speed under the driving of the movable mechanisms along the direction vertical to the left frame strip under the condition that the sliding beam is parallel to the left frame strip; the laser head is arranged on the sliding beam and can move back and forth along the sliding beam under the driving of the scanning mechanism; still include control system, its characterized in that: comprises that

(1) Sample treatment, namely polishing a component to be treated or a sample made of the same material of the component to be treated to remove a surface layer and expose a non-oxidized surface with metallic luster;

(2) surface sampling, namely placing the processed sample in a camera shooting range of a camera on a working head, starting a lighting lamp set, shooting a picture on the surface of the sample, and converting the picture into a gray image and storing the gray image as a standard pattern by a controller;

(3) controlling the portal frame to move, moving from the area to be operated to the operation area and stopping, and processing the area right opposite by the working head until the whole operation area is swept;

(3.1) moving the working head from one end of the portal frame to the other end of the portal frame and stopping, starting the lighting lamp set, shooting the surface of the workpiece opposite to the working head by the camera, converting a picture into a gray image, recording the position of a coordinate area with a gray value deeper than a standard pattern and the ratio of the gray value of each coordinate to the gray value of the standard pattern to form a coordinate vector (x, y, d), wherein x and y are the ratio of the coordinate;

(3.2) sweeping the sliding beam in the stroke range, moving the laser head back and forth along the sliding beam, traversing each coordinate point in the square frame, and transmitting laser pulses with different powers to the point according to the coordinate vector;

(4) moving the working head to the next position;

(5) and (4) moving the portal frame to the next position, and repeating the steps (3) to (4).

2. The laser derusting steel member surface roughness control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the color temperature of the lighting lamp set is adjusted, so that the unoxidized surface with metal luster of the sample is close to white in the picture of the camera.

3. The laser derusting steel member surface roughness control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (4) a blowing system is further arranged on the square frame, and the working face is blown in the processes of the steps (3) - (5).

4. The laser derusting steel member surface roughness control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the end points of the square frame are symmetrically provided with a front sweeping arm and a rear sweeping arm about the center point of the square frame, the length of the sweeping arms is the same as the side length of the square frame and can swing around a connecting point with the square frame, and each sweeping arm is uniformly provided with a laser head in an array mode.

5. The laser derusting steel member surface roughness control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in steps (3) - (5), the laser heads on the sweeping arm are operated with the same parameters.

6. The laser derusting steel member surface roughness control method according to claim 5, wherein: the front sweeping arm and the rear sweeping arm can be completely closed and tightly attached to the square frame.

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of civil engineering building material pretreatment, in particular to a laser rust removal steel member surface roughness control method.

Background

Steel members are commonly used construction materials, which are installed at present in construction after being prefabricated in a factory and then need to be painted. Different building occasions have different requirements on the surface quality of the steel member, such as requirements of corrosion resistance and ageing resistance, rust generated on the surface of the steel member due to long storage time or unsatisfactory construction environment needs to be removed, and meanwhile, the surface of the steel member after rust removal needs to meet certain surface roughness requirements for better adhesive force of a coating object.

There is a clean and environment-friendly rust removal method, which adopts a method of emitting laser pulses to a rust surface to enable a rust part to absorb energy to melt, so that a rust layer falls off. It has been found that the areas scanned by the descaling laser pulses can develop surface topography, such as water ripples, which in turn changes the surface roughness of the steel member surface. Further research has found that the surface roughness of a steel material is changed from small (rust removal) to large (surface burn) by performing laser irradiation on the surface of the steel material for a plurality of times or repeatedly, and therefore, if coating or assembly requires a certain degree of surface roughness of the steel member, the prior art cannot control the surface roughness while removing rust.

In addition, the surface corrosion of large steel members is often caused by rainwater or poor moisture removal, the distribution of rust is not uniform, if the rust removal mode of uniformly performing laser irradiation in the prior art is adopted, rust at positions with rust is removed, while positions without rust or with thinner rust are burnt, so that the uneven surface quality is obtained, and the subsequent coating operation is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

Problem (A)

1. Aiming at building material components with uneven rust, a method capable of specifically removing rust is provided;

2. the surface roughness of the component after the integral operation is controlled, and the uniform surface roughness is achieved and the coating requirement is met.

(II) technical scheme

Aiming at the technical problem, the application provides a method for controlling the surface roughness of a laser rust removal steel member, wherein the adopted rust removal device comprises a propulsion mechanism consisting of a left rail and a right rail, a portal frame in transmission connection with the propulsion mechanism, and a suspension arm capable of being driven to move along a cross beam of the portal frame, wherein a suspension frame is fixedly connected below the suspension arm, and a working head is arranged on the suspension frame; the working head comprises a square frame, the square frame consists of four frame strips with the same length, namely a rear frame strip, a front frame strip, a left frame strip and a right frame strip, cameras are respectively arranged at the middle points of the left frame strip and the right frame strip, and lighting lamp groups are arranged below the left frame strip and the right frame strip, so that the illumination intensity in the shooting range of the corresponding cameras is uniform; the rear frame strip and the front frame strip are also provided with movable mechanisms, and the sliding beam which is in transmission connection with the movable mechanisms can move at a constant speed under the driving of the movable mechanisms along the direction vertical to the left frame strip under the condition that the sliding beam is parallel to the left frame strip; the laser head is arranged on the sliding beam and can move back and forth along the sliding beam under the driving of the scanning mechanism; still include control system, its characterized in that: comprises that

(1) Sample treatment, namely polishing a component to be treated or a sample made of the same material of the component to be treated to remove a surface layer and expose a non-oxidized surface with metallic luster;

(2) surface sampling, namely placing the processed sample in a camera shooting range of a camera on a working head, starting a lighting lamp set, shooting a picture on the surface of the sample, and converting the picture into a gray image and storing the gray image as a standard pattern by a controller;

(3) controlling the portal frame to move, moving from the area to be operated to the operation area and stopping, and processing the area right opposite by the working head until the whole operation area is swept;

(3.1) moving the working head from one end of the portal frame to the other end of the portal frame and stopping, starting the lighting lamp set, shooting the surface of the workpiece opposite to the working head by the camera, converting a picture into a gray image, recording the position of a coordinate area with a gray value deeper than a standard pattern and the ratio of the gray value of each coordinate to the gray value of the standard pattern to form a coordinate vector (x, y, d), wherein x and y are the ratio of the coordinate;

(3.2) sweeping the sliding beam in the stroke range, moving the laser head back and forth along the sliding beam, traversing each coordinate point in the square frame, and transmitting laser pulses with different powers to the point according to the coordinate vector;

(4) moving the working head to the next position;

(5) and (4) moving the portal frame to the next position, and repeating the steps (3) to (4).

Further, in the step (1), the color temperature of the lighting lamp set is adjusted so that the non-oxidized surface with metallic luster of the sample is close to white in the picture of the camera.

Further, a blowing system is arranged on the square frame, and the working face is blown in the processes of the steps (3) - (5).

Furthermore, the end points of the square frame 6 are symmetrically provided with a front scanning arm 14 and a rear scanning arm 15 about the center point of the square frame, the length of the scanning arm is the same as the side length of the square frame and can swing around the connecting point of the scanning arm and the square frame, and each scanning arm is uniformly provided with laser heads in an array mode.

Further, in steps (3) to (5), the laser heads on the sweeping arm are operated with the same parameters.

Further, the front-sweeping arm and the rear-sweeping arm may be completely closed and closely attached to the square frame 6.

Further, in the case that rust removal is not needed and only the surface roughness of the component needs to be controlled, the step (3) further comprises (3.3) closing the two sweeping arms, and enabling the laser head on at least one sweeping arm to traverse the surface of the component for ablation.

Further, the propelling mechanism is a motor screw mechanism.

Further, the movable mechanism is a screw rod sliding block mechanism.

Further, the scanning mechanism is a motor screw mechanism.

It is easy to know that the above-mentioned driving mechanism mainly drives the motion of each stage of actuating mechanism, and is not limited to the above-mentioned selection, and the same kind of transmission mechanism, such as chain transmission, synchronous belt transmission, hydropneumatic mechanism, etc. can also be adopted.

Furthermore, the suspension arm can adjust the suspension height of the suspension, and the suspension connection point of the suspension arm and the suspension is hinged, so that the suspension angle of the suspension can be changed.

This is a steel member adapted to the working surface not being planar and which is adaptable to face the surface to be worked.

(III) advantageous effects

1. The method is combined with an image processing mode, and the components with uneven surface corrosion conditions are processed in a targeted mode, so that the technical effects of removing rust in a targeted mode and avoiding burning workpieces are achieved;

2. and after rust removal, homogenization treatment is carried out, so that the treated surface has uniform quality and reaches the surface roughness range required by coating.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present application in its entirety;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the apparatus of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the working head of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a partial top view of the working head of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of a scanning portion of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of the pivot portion of the sweep arm;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a sweeping process of the sweep arm;

figure 8 is a schematic view of the sweeper arm fully closed (note that the other sweeper arm remains open for comparison).

Reference numerals

1. Left rail

2. Right track

3. Portal frame

4. Suspension arm

5. Suspension frame

6. Square frame

7. Back frame strip

8. Front frame strip

9. Left frame strip

10. Right frame strip

11. Right camera

12. Exemplary Right Camera Range

13. Lighting lamp set

14. Front sweeping arm

15. Rear sweeping arm

16. Laser head

17. Sliding beam

18. Propelling mechanism

19. Sliding block

20. Laser head

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

As shown in fig. 1-8, according to the laser rust removal steel member surface roughness control method of the present application, the adopted rust removal device comprises a propulsion mechanism consisting of a left rail 1 and a right rail 2, a portal frame 3 connected to the propulsion mechanism in a transmission manner, a suspension arm 4 driven to move along a cross beam of the portal frame 3, a suspension frame fixedly connected below the suspension arm 4, and a working head mounted on the suspension frame; the working head comprises a square frame 6, the square frame 6 is composed of four frame strips with the same length, namely a rear frame strip 8, a front frame strip 7, a left frame strip 9 and a right frame strip 10, cameras are respectively arranged at the middle points of the left frame strip 9 and the right frame strip 10, and lighting lamp groups are arranged below the left frame strip 9 and the right frame strip 10, so that the illumination intensity of the corresponding cameras in the shooting range is uniform; the rear frame strip 8 and the front frame strip 7 are also provided with a movable mechanism, and a sliding beam 17 which is in transmission connection with the movable mechanism can move at a constant speed under the driving of the movable mechanism along the direction vertical to the left frame strip under the condition that the sliding beam is parallel to the left frame strip; the laser head 20 is arranged on the sliding beam 17, and the laser head 20 can move back and forth along the sliding beam 17 under the driving of the scanning mechanism; still include control system, its characterized in that: comprises that

(1) Sample treatment, namely polishing a component to be treated or a sample made of the same material of the component to be treated to remove a surface layer and expose a non-oxidized surface with metallic luster;

(2) surface sampling, namely placing the processed sample in a camera shooting range of a camera on a working head, starting a lighting lamp set, shooting a picture on the surface of the sample, and converting the picture into a gray image and storing the gray image as a standard pattern by a controller;

(3) controlling the portal frame to move, moving from the area to be operated to the operation area and stopping, and processing the area right opposite by the working head until the whole operation area is swept;

(3.1) moving the working head from one end of the portal frame to the other end of the portal frame and stopping, starting the lighting lamp set, shooting the surface of the workpiece opposite to the working head by the camera, converting a picture into a gray image, recording the position of a coordinate area with a gray value deeper than a standard pattern and the ratio of the gray value of each coordinate to the gray value of the standard pattern to form a coordinate vector (x, y, d), wherein x and y are the ratio of the coordinate;

(3.2) sweeping the sliding beam in the stroke range, moving the laser head back and forth along the sliding beam, traversing each coordinate point in the square frame, and transmitting laser pulses with different powers to the point according to the coordinate vector;

(4) moving the working head to the next position;

(5) and (4) moving the portal frame to the next position, and repeating the steps (3) to (4).

In the scheme, firstly, a portal frame and a hanging bracket are arranged above a workpiece to be derusted in a straddling manner, so that a working head can scan all positions of the workpiece, but when each position to be derusted arrives, an image of the position to which the working head is about to move is shot by a camera, because rusted components are oxides of iron or other metals and have dark colors, the position with rusted spots and the position without rusted spots can be conveniently compared, then, due to the shape design of a square frame, a slide beam on the slide beam and a laser head on the slide beam can move in the range of the square frame and traverse each point, and at the moment, the output power of the laser head is changed according to the result of image comparison, so that the targeted derusting can be carried out on the uneven rusted spots;

in the above process, it should be noted that before the camera takes the image of the rusty surface, the lighting lamp set is turned on, so that the image recognition is not interfered by the shadow condition.

In addition, the structure and the devices of the square frame are symmetrical, and the left frame strip is also provided with the lighting lamp group and the camera, so that the working head can conveniently scan left and right back and forth along with the suspension arm.

Further, in the step (1), the color temperature of the lighting lamp set is adjusted so that the non-oxidized surface with metallic luster of the sample is close to white in the picture of the camera.

The rust-free metal component is a steel component, the color of the rust-free metal component is silvery white (but other colors can be provided according to different material brands), and in order to reduce the complexity of image processing, the color temperature of the lighting lamp group can be changed to enable the main body of the component to be close to white in a viewfinder of a camera, so that the contrast with a rusty part is increased.

Further, a blowing system is arranged on the square frame, and the working face is blown in the processes of the steps (3) - (5).

The device is used for blowing sundries and soil which may fall on the steel member and removing rust spots by laser rust removal before shooting by the camera.

The process ensures that the steel member with uneven corrosion condition can be subjected to laser rust removal operation only aiming at the position with corrosion, and the laser power is adjusted according to the corrosion degree, so that the surface condition of the steel member is generally uniform.

The studies of the background art also suggest that if a steel member is repeatedly subjected to laser rust removal, the surface roughness thereof will first decrease (rust removal) and then increase (burn) with the increase of the number of laser irradiation times, and the surface roughness has a relatively large influence on the subsequent coating and other processes, and generally requires that all the working surface roughness be consistent and within the range required by the national standards, and in the above process, the rust removal is performed and the position of the laser head is closed as judged to be free of rust, the surface roughness after the treatment is completely different, and generally, it is considered that the surface roughness of the member subjected to laser irradiation is larger and more suitable for coating, and therefore, the surface of the member subjected to rust removal also needs to be consistently treated, i.e., the surface of the member subjected to rust removal is

Furthermore, the end points of the square frame 6 are symmetrically provided with a front scanning arm 14 and a rear scanning arm 15 about the center point of the square frame, the length of the scanning arm is the same as the side length of the square frame and can swing around the connecting point of the scanning arm and the square frame, and each scanning arm is uniformly provided with laser heads in an array mode.

Further, in steps (3) to (5), the laser heads on the sweeping arm are operated with the same parameters.

According to the actual movement path of the portal frame and the suspension arm, only one arm is needed to work at the same time. For example, in fig. 1, it is assumed that the working head moves from left to right, and the gantry moves from back to front, in this case, after the scanning of the laser heads in the square frame is finished, the gantry moves forward by a stroke of one side length of the square frame, and then the fully-unfolded rear scanning arm completely scans the area irradiated by the laser heads in the square frame before the movement of the gantry in the next transverse movement process of the boom, because rust in the area is removed, each laser head on the scanning arm irradiates (ablates) again with the same power, so that the roughness of the surface of the component is uniform.

It should be noted here that the rust removing operation is not intended to smooth the surface of the component, but to finally make the surface have a certain roughness, even if the paint can not be attached, and the characteristic of the laser acting on the steel component also enables the application to design a two-step process of removing rust first and then ablating the surface, so that the component reaches the optimal pretreatment state.

Under the ideal condition, the surface conditions of the steel member are completely the same, namely uneven rusts do not exist, special and image processing modes are not needed for targeted processing, at the moment, the two sweeping arms can be closed, better mechanism rigidity and control convenience are obtained, and the laser heads on the sweeping arms are directly used for surface processing. It is possible to operate with only one sweep arm or with both sweep arms in common, in which case a laser head of equivalent power repeatedly irradiates the steel member twice in a single stroke, see figures 7-8 of the specification.

Further, the front-sweeping arm and the rear-sweeping arm may be completely closed and closely attached to the square frame 6.

Further, in the case that rust removal is not needed and only the surface roughness of the component needs to be controlled, the step (3) further comprises (3.3) closing the two sweeping arms, and enabling the laser head on at least one sweeping arm to traverse the surface of the component for ablation.

If needed, the two sweeping arms can work simultaneously even if not closed, because the square frame is skillfully designed into a square shape, and the length of the sweeping arms is equal to the side length of the square frame, so that the sweeping arms can work simultaneously when not closed, the sweeping arms can perform scanning movement along with the suspension, a working area like zebra stripes is left on the surface of the workpiece due to the staggering of the two sweeping arms, and then the scanning arms traverse back and forth, even if all the surfaces are completely acted. This mode of operation is suitable for situations where the desired surface roughness can be ablated at one time.

Further, the propelling mechanism is a motor screw mechanism.

Further, the movable mechanism is a screw rod sliding block mechanism.

Further, the scanning mechanism is a motor screw mechanism.

It is easy to know that the above-mentioned driving mechanism mainly drives the motion of each stage of actuating mechanism, and is not limited to the above-mentioned selection, and the same kind of transmission mechanism, such as chain transmission, synchronous belt transmission, hydropneumatic mechanism, etc. can also be adopted.

Furthermore, the suspension arm can adjust the suspension height of the suspension, and the suspension connection point of the suspension arm and the suspension is hinged, so that the suspension angle of the suspension can be changed.

This is a steel member adapted to the working surface not being planar and which is adaptable to face the surface to be worked.

While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.