阅读说明：本技术 一种环保、可循环利用的铝合金打渣剂及其制备方法 (Environment-friendly recyclable aluminum alloy slag removing agent and preparation method thereof ) 是由 张丽丽 赵九洲 何杰 江鸿翔 于 2020-11-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种环保、可循环利用的铝合金打渣剂及其制备方法,属于合金熔炼领域。按照各组分所占的重量百分比计,铝合金打渣剂组成为：60～80％氟盐反应法制备Al-5Ti-1B中间合金的氟盐残渣+2～20％铝灰+1～5％钾长石+1～15％氟化钙。铝合金打渣剂的制备方法为：(1)将氟盐反应法制备Al-5Ti-1B中间合金的氟盐残渣和氟化钙于200～300℃下烘干2～5h；(2)将上述氟盐与干燥的钾长石和铝灰充分混合,即得到铝合金打渣剂。本发明打渣剂不仅满足铝合金熔体打渣效果,还是一种环保、可循环利用的理想熔剂。(The invention relates to an environment-friendly recyclable aluminum alloy slag removing agent and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of alloy smelting. The aluminum alloy slag removing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60-80% of fluoride salt residues of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy, 2-20% of aluminum ash, 1-5% of potassium feldspar and 1-15% of calcium fluoride by a fluoride salt reaction method. The preparation method of the aluminum alloy slag removing agent comprises the following steps: (1) drying the villaumite residue of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy prepared by the villaumite reaction method and calcium fluoride for 2-5 h at 200-300 ℃; (2) and (3) fully mixing the villiaumite with the dried potassium feldspar and the dried aluminum ash to obtain the aluminum alloy slagging agent. The slag removing agent not only meets the slag removing effect of the aluminum alloy melt, but also is an ideal flux which is environment-friendly and recyclable.)

1. The environment-friendly recyclable aluminum alloy slag removing agent is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 60-80% of fluoride salt residues, 2-20% of aluminum ash, 1-5% of potassium feldspar and 1-15% of calcium fluoride in the preparation of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy by a fluoride salt reaction method.

2. The environment-friendly recyclable aluminum alloy slag removing agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preferable aluminum alloy slag removing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 70-80% of fluoride salt residues in the preparation of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy by a fluoride salt reaction method, 5-15% of aluminum ash, 1-5% of potassium feldspar and 2-10% of calcium fluoride.

3. The preparation method of the environment-friendly recyclable aluminum alloy slag removing agent as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the preparation process of the aluminum alloy slag removing agent comprises the following steps:

(1) drying the villaumite residue of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy prepared by the villaumite reaction method and calcium fluoride for 2-5 h at 200-300 ℃;

(2) and (3) fully mixing the villiaumite with the dried potassium feldspar and the dried aluminum ash to obtain the aluminum alloy slagging agent.

4. The method for preparing the environment-friendly recyclable aluminum alloy slag removing agent as claimed in claim 3, wherein the grain sizes of the villaumite residue, the aluminum ash, the potassium feldspar and the calcium fluoride in the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy prepared by the villaumite reaction method are 0.05-0.08 mm, 0.08-0.1 mm, 0.04-0.07 mm and 0.04-0.07 mm respectively.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an environment-friendly recyclable aluminum alloy slag removing agent and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of alloy smelting.

Background

During the melting process of producing an aluminum ingot or an aluminum alloy for remelting from raw aluminum, a large amount of dross (also called aluminum ash) is generated on the surface of the melt. Statistically, 2.5 wt% dross will be generated during the aluminum alloy production process. Generally, after a company or a business recovers aluminum, the remaining aluminum ash is directly stockpiled or buried. This not only causes serious waste of resources, but also pollutes the environment, and the Ministry of environmental protection and the Ministry of improvement of the invention listed aluminum ash in the national records of hazardous waste in 2008. Therefore, how to recycle the aluminum ash has important significance for industrial development and environmental protection of the aluminum alloy.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly recyclable aluminum alloy slag removing agent and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

an environment-friendly recyclable aluminum alloy slag removing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60-80% of fluoride salt residues, 2-20% of aluminum ash, 1-5% of potassium feldspar and 1-15% of calcium fluoride in the preparation of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy by a fluoride salt reaction method.

The environment-friendly recyclable aluminum alloy slag removing agent is preferably composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 70-80% of fluoride salt residues in the preparation of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy by a fluoride salt reaction method, 5-15% of aluminum ash, 1-5% of potassium feldspar and 2-10% of calcium fluoride.

The preparation method of the environment-friendly recyclable aluminum alloy slag removing agent comprises the following steps:

(1) drying the villaumite residue of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy prepared by the villaumite reaction method and calcium fluoride for 2-5 h at 200-300 ℃;

(2) and (3) fully mixing the villiaumite with the dried potassium feldspar and the dried aluminum ash to obtain the aluminum alloy slagging agent.

According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly recyclable aluminum alloy slag removing agent, the granularity of villaumite residues, aluminum ash, potassium feldspar and calcium fluoride in the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy prepared by a villaumite reaction method is 0.05-0.08 mm, 0.08-0.1 mm, 0.04-0.07 mm and 0.04-0.07 mm respectively.

The design idea of the invention is as follows:

the invention makes full use of the complexing ability of the villiaumite residue of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy prepared by a villiaumite reaction method to oxides, particularly alumina in the aluminum alloy melt, so as to achieve the effects of deslagging and purifying, the addition of the potassium feldspar and the aluminum ash enhances the complexing reaction of villiaumite and the oxides, the heat is released, the release of aluminum liquid in scum is facilitated, and the deslagging effect is enhanced.

The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:

(1) the slag remover comprises partial villiaumite residues and aluminum ash, and achieves the purposes of environmental protection and recycling on the premise of meeting the refining effect.

(2) The composition of the slag removing agent comprises potassium feldspar, and the potassium feldspar and fluorine salt are subjected to complex reaction to release heat, so that the slag removing agent is beneficial to separating slag and liquid and enhances the slag removing effect.

Detailed Description

In the specific implementation process, the slag removing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60-80% of fluoride salt residues of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy, 2-20% of aluminum ash, 1-5% of potassium feldspar and 1-15% of calcium fluoride by a fluoride salt reaction method.

The preparation method of the slag removing agent specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) drying the villaumite residue of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy prepared by the villaumite reaction method and calcium fluoride for 2-5 h at 200-300 ℃;

(2) and (3) fully mixing the villiaumite with the dried potassium feldspar and the dried aluminum ash to obtain the aluminum alloy slagging agent.

In the invention, the method for preparing the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy by a fluorine salt reaction method is disclosed in Chinese patent publication numbers: CN107034374A, performing chemical reaction on a fluorine salt mixture and an aluminum melt to obtain an Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy; wherein: the composition of the fluorine salt mixture is as follows according to the weight percentage of each component in the fluorine salt mixture in the aluminum melt: k₂TiF₆22 to 30% of KBF₄10-14% of CaF₂0.01 to 0.114% of MgF₂0.01 to 0.114% and 2 to 8% of a fluorine salt residue produced by a fluorine salt reaction method. By usingMelting pure aluminum by using a medium-frequency induction furnace to obtain an aluminum melt, heating to 750-850 ℃, completely covering a fluorine salt mixture on the surface of the aluminum melt, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 30-60 min at the temperature of 750-850 ℃ to obtain an Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy melt and fluorine salt residues on the surface of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy melt, and pouring out the fluorine salt residues on the surface of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy melt. The fluoride salt residue for preparing the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy is used as a raw material, so that the preparation cost is reduced, and the environmental protection is realized by waste utilization.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1

In the embodiment, the environment-friendly recyclable aluminum alloy slag removing agent and the preparation method thereof are as follows:

(1) preparing the following components in percentage by weight: the fluoride salt residue of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy, 15 percent of aluminum ash, 1 percent of potassium feldspar and 14 percent of calcium fluoride are prepared by a 70 percent fluoride salt reaction method. Wherein the granularity of the villiaumite residue, the aluminum ash, the potassium feldspar and the calcium fluoride of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy prepared by the raw material villiaumite reaction method is 0.05-0.08 mm, 0.08-0.1 mm, 0.04-0.07 mm and 0.04-0.07 mm respectively.

(2) And (2) drying the fluoride salt residue of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy prepared by the fluoride salt reaction method in the step (1) and calcium fluoride at the constant temperature of 200 ℃ for 4 hours, and then fully mixing the dried potassium feldspar and aluminum ash to obtain the aluminum alloy slagging agent.

Application example 1

The alloy melt subjected to the slag removing treatment by the slag removing agent has low slag content, dry and loose scum and low aluminum content.

Example 2

In the embodiment, the environment-friendly recyclable aluminum alloy slag removing agent and the preparation method thereof are as follows:

(1) preparing the following components in percentage by weight: the fluoride salt residue of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy, 10 percent of aluminum ash, 3 percent of potassium feldspar and 7 percent of calcium fluoride are prepared by an 80 percent fluoride salt reaction method. Wherein the granularity of the villiaumite residue, the aluminum ash, the potassium feldspar and the calcium fluoride of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy prepared by the raw material villiaumite reaction method is 0.05-0.08 mm, 0.08-0.1 mm, 0.04-0.07 mm and 0.04-0.07 mm respectively.

(2) And (2) drying the fluoride salt residue of the Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy prepared by the fluoride salt reaction method in the step (1) and calcium fluoride at the constant temperature of 250 ℃ for 3h, and then fully mixing the dried potassium feldspar and aluminum ash to obtain the aluminum alloy slagging agent.

Application example 2

The alloy melt subjected to the slag removing treatment by the slag removing agent has low slag content, dry and loose scum and low aluminum content.

The results of the embodiment and the application example show that the slag removing agent not only meets the slag removing effect of the aluminum alloy melt, but also is an ideal flux which is environment-friendly and can be recycled.