阅读说明：本技术 一种增材制造激光加工方法 (Additive manufacturing laser processing method ) 是由 林瑞娟 于 2020-11-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及激光加工技术领域,且公开了一种增材制造激光加工方法,包括光纤接入管,所述光纤接入管的底部固定连接有准直聚焦管,所述准直聚焦管的底部螺纹连接有喷嘴。该增材制造激光加工方法,通过电动伸缩杆一,电动伸缩杆一的伸缩带动与之相固定连接的支撑板的位置发生改变,便于使喷嘴与准直聚焦管固定或分离,当电动伸缩杆一伸长时,电动伸缩杆一带动喷嘴向下移动,便于喷嘴与准直聚焦管分离,电动伸缩杆一收缩时,电动伸缩杆一带动喷嘴向上移动,便于喷嘴与准直聚焦管固定,该智能调节激光加工头中的喷嘴可以自动与准直聚焦管固定或分离,便于工作人员擦拭聚焦镜,便于该加工头的使用。(The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and discloses an additive manufacturing laser processing method which comprises an optical fiber access pipe, wherein the bottom of the optical fiber access pipe is fixedly connected with a collimation focusing pipe, and the bottom of the collimation focusing pipe is in threaded connection with a nozzle. The additive manufacturing laser processing method comprises the steps that an electric telescopic rod I is used, the position of a supporting plate fixedly connected with the electric telescopic rod I is driven to stretch and retract by the electric telescopic rod I to change, a nozzle is conveniently fixed to or separated from a collimation focusing tube, when the electric telescopic rod I extends, the electric telescopic rod drives the nozzle to move downwards, the nozzle is conveniently separated from the collimation focusing tube, when the electric telescopic rod I retracts, the electric telescopic rod drives the nozzle to move upwards, the nozzle is conveniently fixed to the collimation focusing tube, the nozzle in the intelligent adjusting laser processing head can be automatically fixed to or separated from the collimation focusing tube, a worker can conveniently clean a focusing mirror, and the use of the processing head is convenient.)

1. An additive manufacturing laser processing method is characterized in that: comprises an optical fiber access pipe (1), the bottom of the optical fiber access pipe (1) is fixedly connected with a collimation focusing pipe (2), the bottom of the collimation focusing pipe (2) is in threaded connection with a nozzle (3), one side of the top of the collimation focusing pipe (2) is fixedly connected with an inlet pipe (11), the bottom of the inlet pipe (11) extends to the inner cavity of the side wall of the collimation focusing pipe (2), one side of the bottom of the collimation focusing pipe (2) is fixedly connected with an outlet pipe (12), the other side of the bottom of the collimation focusing pipe (2) is fixedly connected with a first electric telescopic rod (10), the bottom of the first electric telescopic rod (10) is fixedly connected with a second electric telescopic rod (9), the bottom of the other end of the second electric telescopic rod (9) is fixedly connected with a support plate (5), and the other end of the support plate (5) is fixedly connected, the inner cavity of the fixed sleeve (19) is fixedly sleeved with the nozzle (3), and one side of the nozzle (3) is fixedly connected with an air inlet pipe (4);

the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the first step is as follows: the intelligent adjustment laser processing head is used for wiping a focusing mirror aligned in a straight focusing pipe (2) before being used, a nozzle (3) is required to be separated from the straight focusing pipe (2) before the focusing mirror is wiped, a worker starts a motor (8), the motor (8) rotates to drive a gear (6) fixedly connected with the motor to rotate, the gear (6) drives the nozzle (3) to rotate through a clamping groove (7) meshed with the gear, the motor (8) controls a first electric telescopic rod (10) to slowly extend in the rotating process, the support plate (5) is driven by the extension of the first electric telescopic rod (10) to slowly move downwards, and the motor (8) is matched with the first electric telescopic rod (10) to enable the nozzle (3) to be gradually separated from the straight focusing pipe (2);

the second step is that: when the nozzle (3) is separated from the collimation focusing tube (2), a control system in the intelligent adjustment laser processing head controls a second electric telescopic rod (9) to extend, the second electric telescopic rod (9) drives a supporting plate (5) to horizontally move, the supporting plate (5) drives the nozzle (3) to move the side face of the collimation focusing tube (2), a focusing mirror is exposed, and a worker wipes the focusing mirror;

the third step: the working personnel connect the optical fiber access tube (1) with the laser, and the intelligent adjustment laser processing head is fixed on the laser;

the fourth step: starting a laser, enabling a light beam emitted by the laser to enter a collimating focusing tube (2), reflecting a light beam emitted by the laser to be vertically downward by a reflecting mirror in the collimating focusing tube (2), focusing parallel light beams by a focusing mirror in the collimating focusing tube (2), discharging the focused light beams from the bottom of a nozzle (3), and enabling the focused light beams to fall on powder at the bottom of the nozzle to melt the powder;

the fifth step: this intelligent regulation laser beam machining head lets in the coolant liquid and ventilates for inlet pipe (11) at the in-process that uses, the coolant liquid in inlet pipe (11) enters into cooling tube (17), and discharge through outlet pipe (12), the in-process that cooling liquid flows in cooling tube (17), cooling liquid can produce the heat exchange with inner shell (15), the temperature in inner shell (15) reduces, the use of the collimation of being convenient for focusing pipe (2), ventilate in inlet pipe (4), it focuses on the focusing mirror to reduce the dust, make the focusing mirror keep the permeability.

2. The additive manufacturing laser machining method according to claim 1, wherein: the lateral wall of collimation focusing pipe (2) includes shell (16) and inner shell (15), the surface winding of inner shell (15) has cooling tube (17), the bottom fixed connection of the one end of cooling tube (17) and inlet tube (11), the other end of cooling tube (17) run through the lateral wall of shell (16) and with the one end fixed connection of outlet pipe (12).

3. The additive manufacturing laser machining method according to claim 1, wherein: one side fixedly connected with stop collar (13) at collimation focusing pipe (2) middle part, the inner chamber activity of stop collar (13) has cup jointed outlet pipe (12), just the other end fixedly connected with stopper (14) of outlet pipe (12), stopper (14) contact with the top of stop collar (13).

4. The additive manufacturing laser machining method according to claim 1, wherein: the top swing joint of backup pad (5) has gear (6), the middle part at gear (6) top and the terminal fixed connection of output shaft of motor (8), and motor (8) are supported the cover and are fixed on backup pad (5), the outer lane on nozzle (3) top evenly is equipped with draw-in groove (7), gear (6) and draw-in groove (7) mesh mutually.

5. The additive manufacturing laser machining method according to claim 1, wherein: fixed cover (19) include half ring one (20) and half ring two (21), the equal fixedly connected with fixture block (23) of one end of half ring one (20) and half ring two (21), the other end of half ring one (20) and half ring two (21) all is equipped with the fixed slot with fixture block (23) looks adaptation, the both ends at half ring one (20) and half ring two (21) top all are equipped with fixed orifices (22), two fixed orifices (22) that half ring one (20) and half ring two (21) were served are blocked joint mutually with the one end of fixed pin (18) respectively.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to a material increase manufacturing laser processing method.

Background

The laser additive manufacturing technology is a processing technology for melting and sintering raw materials such as powder and the like by using laser so as to form required parts layer by layer, and is a 'rapid manufacturing technology', the basic manufacturing idea is a laminated stacking manufacturing mode, the raw materials are uniformly laid on a substitute processing plane, the laser is used for melting and processing a required forming area, then the next layer of raw materials is laid, the laser is used for processing again, and the processing is repeated until the part is formed.

In a processing head of a laser processing machine, a collimating lens and a focusing lens of a collimating and focusing module are in high temperature for a long time, so that the service life of parts can be shortened, waste is caused, the thermal lens effect can be caused in a long-term high-temperature environment, the focus of laser is deviated, and long-time stable processing cannot be carried out.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an intelligent adjusting laser processing head of additive manufacturing equipment and a processing method thereof, aiming at the defects of the laser processing head of the existing additive manufacturing equipment and the processing method thereof.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an intelligent regulation laser beam machining head of vibration material disk equipment, includes optic fibre access pipe, the bottom fixedly connected with collimation focusing pipe of optic fibre access pipe, the bottom threaded connection of collimation focusing pipe has the nozzle, one side fixedly connected with inlet tube at collimation focusing pipe top, the bottom of inlet tube extends to the inner chamber of collimation focusing pipe lateral wall, one side fixedly connected with outlet pipe of collimation focusing pipe bottom, the opposite side fixedly connected with electric telescopic handle one of collimation focusing pipe bottom, the bottom fixedly connected with electric telescopic handle two of electric telescopic handle one, the bottom fixedly connected with backup pad of the two other ends of electric telescopic handle, the fixed cover of other end fixedly connected with of backup pad, the inner chamber and the fixed cup joint of nozzle of fixed cover, one side fixedly connected with air-supply line of nozzle.

Preferably, the lateral wall of collimation focusing pipe includes shell and inner shell, the surface winding of inner shell has the cooling tube, the one end of cooling tube and the bottom fixed connection of inlet tube, the other end of cooling tube run through the lateral wall of shell and with the one end fixed connection of outlet pipe.

Preferably, one side of the middle part of the collimating focusing tube is fixedly connected with a limiting sleeve, an inner cavity of the limiting sleeve is movably sleeved with a water outlet tube, the other end of the water outlet tube is fixedly connected with a limiting block, and the limiting block is in contact with the top of the limiting sleeve.

Preferably, the top of the supporting plate is movably connected with a gear, the middle of the top of the gear is fixedly connected with the tail end of an output shaft of the motor, the motor is fixed on the supporting plate by a supporting sleeve, clamping grooves are uniformly formed in the outer ring of the top end of the nozzle, and the gear is meshed with the clamping grooves.

Preferably, the fixed sleeve comprises a first half ring and a second half ring, a clamping block is fixedly connected with one end of the first half ring and one end of the second half ring, a fixing groove matched with the clamping block is formed in the other end of the first half ring and the other end of the second half ring, fixing holes are formed in the two ends of the top of the first half ring and the top of the second half ring, and the two fixing holes in the one end of the first half ring and the two ends of the second half ring are respectively clamped with one end of the fixing pin.

A method of machining an intelligent adjustment laser machining head of an additive manufacturing apparatus, comprising the steps of:

the first step is as follows: the intelligent adjustment laser processing head is used for wiping a focusing mirror in a straight focusing tube before being used, a nozzle is required to be separated from the straight focusing tube before the focusing mirror is wiped, a worker starts a motor, the motor rotates to drive a gear fixedly connected with the motor to rotate, the gear drives the nozzle to rotate through a clamping groove meshed with the gear, a control system in the intelligent adjustment laser processing head controls an electric telescopic rod to slowly extend in the rotating process of the motor, a supporting plate is driven to slowly move downwards by the extension of the electric telescopic rod I, and the motor is matched with the electric telescopic rod I to be used, so that the nozzle is gradually separated from the straight focusing tube;

the second step is that: when the nozzle is separated from the collimation focusing tube, a control system in the intelligent adjustment laser processing head controls the extension of an electric telescopic rod II, the electric telescopic rod II drives a supporting plate to horizontally move, the supporting plate drives the nozzle to move the side face of the collimation focusing tube, the focusing mirror is exposed, and a worker wipes the focusing mirror;

the third step: the working personnel connect the optical fiber access pipe with the laser, and the intelligent adjustment laser processing head is fixed on the laser;

the fourth step: starting a laser, enabling a light beam emitted by the laser to enter a collimating focusing tube, reflecting a light beam emitted by the laser to be vertically downward by a reflector in the collimating focusing tube, focusing parallel light beams by a focusing mirror in the collimating focusing tube, discharging the focused light beams from the bottom of a nozzle, and enabling the focused light beams to fall on powder at the bottom of the nozzle to melt the powder;

the fifth step: this intelligent regulation laser beam machining head lets in coolant liquid and the ventilation of feed air pipe at the in-process feed water pipe that uses, and the coolant liquid in the feed water pipe enters into in the cooling pipe to discharge through the outlet pipe, cooling liquid at the in-process that the cooling pipe flows, cooling liquid can produce heat exchange with the inner shell, the temperature in the inner shell reduces, the use of the collimation of being convenient for focusing pipe ventilates in the feed air pipe, reduces the dust focus on the focusing mirror, makes the focusing mirror keep the permeability.

Compared with the laser processing head of the existing additive manufacturing equipment and the processing method thereof, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. this material increase manufacture equipment's intelligent regulation laser beam machining head and processing method, through electric telescopic handle one, the flexible position that drives the backup pad of looks fixed connection with it of electric telescopic handle one changes, be convenient for make nozzle and collimation focus tube fixed or separation, when electric telescopic handle one is elongated, electric telescopic handle drives the nozzle and moves down, be convenient for nozzle and collimation focus tube separation, when electric telescopic handle one contracts, electric telescopic handle drives the nozzle and moves up, it is convenient for nozzle and collimation focus tube fixed, the nozzle in this intelligent regulation laser beam machining head can be fixed with collimation focus tube or separation automatically, the staff of being convenient for cleans the focusing mirror, be convenient for the use of this machining head.

2. The intelligent adjustment laser processing head of the additive manufacturing equipment and the processing method thereof are characterized in that the cooling pipe is arranged, when cooling liquid is injected into the water inlet pipe, the cooling liquid in the water inlet pipe enters the cooling pipe and is discharged through the water outlet pipe, the cooling liquid can generate heat exchange with the inner shell in the flowing process of the cooling liquid in the cooling pipe, the temperature in the inner shell is reduced, the use of the collimation focusing pipe is facilitated, the nozzle is conveniently replaced by a worker through the arrangement of the fixing sleeve, the worker takes the fixing pin down when the nozzle needs to be replaced, the semi-ring II is pulled outwards, the fixing block is separated from the fixing groove, the semi-ring II is separated from the semi-ring I, the worker can take the nozzle down, after the new nozzle is replaced, the fixing block is connected with the fixing groove in a clamped mode, the fixing pin is connected with the fixing hole in a clamped mode, the new nozzle is.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the inside of the sidewall of the collimating focusing tube of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the retaining sleeve of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. an optical fiber access tube; 2. a collimating focusing tube; 3. a nozzle; 4. an air inlet pipe; 5. a support plate; 6. A gear; 7. a card slot; 8. a motor; 9. a second electric telescopic rod; 10. a first electric telescopic rod; 11. a water inlet pipe; 12. a water outlet pipe; 13. a limiting sleeve; 14. a limiting block; 15. an inner shell; 16. a housing; 17. a cooling pipe; 18. a fixing pin; 19. fixing a sleeve; 20. a first half ring; 21. a second half ring; 22. a fixing hole; 23. and (7) clamping blocks.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-3, an intelligent adjustment laser processing head of an additive manufacturing device includes an optical fiber access tube 1, the intelligent adjustment laser processing head is conveniently connected with a laser through the arrangement of the optical fiber access tube 1, a collimation focusing tube 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the optical fiber access tube 1, light emitted by the laser can be focused through the collimation focusing tube 2, a nozzle 3 is connected to the bottom of the collimation focusing tube 2 through a thread, the focused light can be emitted through the nozzle 3, a water inlet tube 11 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the collimation focusing tube 2, the bottom of the water inlet tube 11 extends to an inner cavity of the side wall of the collimation focusing tube 2, a water outlet tube 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the collimation focusing tube 2, a first electric telescopic rod 10 is fixedly connected to the other side of the bottom of the collimation focusing tube 2, and the position of a support plate 5 fixedly connected with the electric telescopic rod 10 is changed through the first electric telescopic rod 10, the nozzle 3 is convenient to be fixed or separated from the collimation focusing tube 2, when the electric telescopic rod I10 extends, the electric telescopic rod I10 drives the nozzle 3 to move downwards, the nozzle 3 is convenient to be separated from the collimation focusing tube 2, when the electric telescopic rod I10 contracts, the electric telescopic rod I10 drives the nozzle 3 to move upwards, the nozzle 3 is convenient to be fixed with the collimation focusing tube 2, the nozzle 3 in the intelligent adjustment laser processing head can be automatically fixed or separated from the collimation focusing tube 2, a worker can conveniently clean the focusing lens, the use of the processing head is convenient, the bottom of the electric telescopic rod I10 is fixedly connected with the electric telescopic rod II 9, the nozzle 3 can be driven to move in the horizontal direction through the expansion and contraction of the electric telescopic rod II 9, the nozzle 3 can be staggered with the collimation focusing tube 2, the worker can conveniently clean the focusing lens, and the focusing lens can keep permeability, the bottom fixedly connected with backup pad 5 of two 9 other ends of electric telescopic handle, the fixed cover 19 of the other end fixedly connected with of backup pad 5, the inner chamber and the fixed cup joint of nozzle 3 of fixed cover 19, one side fixedly connected with air-supply line 4 of nozzle 3, setting through air-supply line 4, let in the air in air-supply line 4, the air enters into nozzle 3, and discharge from the bottom of nozzle 3, can effectually prevent this processing head in the in-process that uses, the dust adhesion is on focusing mirror, influence focusing mirror's result of use.

Wherein, the lateral wall of collimation focusing pipe 2 includes shell 16 and inner shell 15, the surface winding of inner shell 15 has cooling tube 17, cooling tube 17's one end and the bottom fixed connection of inlet tube 11, cooling tube 17's the other end run through shell 16's lateral wall and with the one end fixed connection of outlet pipe 12, setting through cooling tube 17, when the water pipe 11 that gives pours into the coolant liquid into, the coolant liquid in the inlet tube 11 enters into cooling tube 17 in, and discharge through outlet pipe 12, the in-process that cooling liquid flows in cooling tube 17, cooling liquid can produce heat exchange with inner shell 15, the temperature in the inner shell 15 reduces, be convenient for the use of collimation focusing pipe 2.

Wherein, one side fixedly connected with stop collar 13 at 2 middle parts of collimation focusing pipe, outlet pipe 12 has been cup jointed in the inner chamber activity of stop collar 13, and the other end fixedly connected with stopper 14 of outlet pipe 12, stopper 14 contacts with the top of stop collar 13, through the setting of stop collar 13 and stopper 14, can spacing outlet pipe 12's displacement range, has kept the clean and tidy nature of this processing head.

Wherein, the top of the supporting plate 5 is movably connected with a gear 6, the middle part of the top of the gear 6 is fixedly connected with the tail end of an output shaft of a motor 8, the motor 8 is supported and sleeved on the supporting plate 5, the outer ring at the top end of the nozzle 3 is uniformly provided with a clamping groove 7, the gear 6 is meshed with the clamping groove 7, the motor 8 rotates to drive the gear 6 fixedly connected with the motor 8 to rotate, the gear 6 drives the nozzle 3 to rotate through the clamping groove 7 meshed with the gear 6, when the motor 8 rotates, a control system in the processing head controls an electric telescopic rod 10 to extend, the nozzle 3 can be separated from the collimation focusing tube 2, so that a worker can clean the focusing lens, when the motor 8 rotates reversely and the control system in the processing head controls the electric telescopic rod 10 to retract, the nozzle 3 can be fixed with the collimation focusing tube 2, so that the processing head can be used conveniently, the nozzle 3 and the collimation focusing tube 2 in the processing head can be automatically separated or fixed, the working intensity of workers is reduced, and the processing head is convenient to use.

Wherein, the fixed sleeve 19 comprises a first half ring 20 and a second half ring 21, one end of the first half ring 20 and one end of the second half ring 21 are both fixedly connected with a clamping block 23, the other end of the first half ring 20 and the other end of the second half ring 21 are both provided with a fixing groove matched with the clamping block 23, both ends of the top of the first half ring 20 and the top of the second half ring 21 are both provided with fixing holes 22, the two fixing holes 22 on one end of the first half ring 20 and one end of the second half ring 21 are respectively clamped with one end of a fixing pin 18, the first half ring 20 and the second half ring 21 can be fixed together by the fixing pin 18 to facilitate the fixing of the nozzle 3, the fixed sleeve 19 is arranged to facilitate the replacement of the nozzle 3 by a worker, when the nozzle 3 needs to be replaced, the worker takes off the fixing pin 18, pulls the second half ring 21 outwards, the clamping block 23 is separated from the fixing groove, the second half, the clamping block 23 is clamped with the fixing groove, the fixing pin 18 is clamped with the fixing hole 22, and the new nozzle 3 is fixed, so that the processing head is convenient to use.

The left end of the second electric telescopic rod 9 is fixedly connected with a fixed flange plate, a bolt is connected with a fixed hole on the fixed flange plate through threads, and the bottom of the second electric telescopic rod 9 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the first electric telescopic rod 10 through the bolt.

A method of machining an intelligent adjustment laser machining head of an additive manufacturing apparatus, comprising the steps of:

the first step is as follows: the intelligent adjustment laser processing head is used for wiping a focusing mirror aligned in a straight focusing pipe 2 before being used, a nozzle 3 is required to be separated from the straight focusing pipe 2 before the focusing mirror is wiped, a worker starts a motor 8, the motor 8 rotates to drive a gear 6 fixedly connected with the motor to rotate, the gear 6 drives the nozzle 3 to rotate through a clamping groove 7 meshed with the gear 6, a control system in the intelligent adjustment laser processing head controls an electric telescopic rod one 10 to extend slowly in the rotating process of the motor 8, the support plate 5 is driven to move downwards slowly by the extension of the electric telescopic rod one 10, and the motor 8 is matched with the electric telescopic rod one 10 for use, so that the nozzle 3 is separated from the straight focusing pipe 2 gradually;

the second step is that: when the nozzle 3 is separated from the collimation focusing tube 2, a control system in the intelligent adjustment laser processing head controls a second electric telescopic rod 9 to extend, the second electric telescopic rod 9 drives a supporting plate 5 to horizontally move, the supporting plate 5 drives the nozzle 3 to move the side face of the collimation focusing tube 2, a focusing mirror is exposed, and a worker wipes the focusing mirror;

the third step: the working personnel connect the optical fiber access tube 1 with the laser, and the intelligent adjustment laser processing head is fixed on the laser;

the fourth step: starting a laser, enabling a light ray emitted by the laser to enter a collimating focusing tube 2, reflecting a light ray emitted by the laser to be vertically downward by a reflecting mirror in the collimating focusing tube 2, focusing parallel light rays by a focusing mirror in the collimating focusing tube 2, discharging the focused light rays from the bottom of a nozzle 3, and enabling the focused light rays to fall on powder at the bottom of the nozzle to melt the powder;

the fifth step: this intelligent regulation laser beam machining head is in the in-process that uses water supply pipe 11 lets in the coolant liquid and ventilates with air feed pipe 4, coolant liquid in the water inlet pipe 11 enters into cooling tube 17 in, and discharge through outlet pipe 12, the in-process that cooling liquid flows in cooling tube 17, cooling liquid can produce heat exchange with inner shell 15, the temperature in the inner shell 15 reduces, the use of the collimation focusing pipe 2 of being convenient for, ventilate in the air feed pipe 4, reduce the dust focus on the focusing mirror, make the focusing mirror keep the permeability.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.