阅读说明：本技术 一种双波段激光摆动焊接光学系统 (Dual-waveband laser swing welding optical system ) 是由 邵华江 李思佳 于 2020-07-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种双波段激光摆动焊接光学系统,包含光纤耦合输出蓝光激光器、第一准直镜组、第一合束镜、第二合束镜、聚焦镜组、保护镜、光纤激光器、第二准直镜组、第一振镜、第二振镜、滤光片、CCD镜头。本发明结构设计新颖,基于光纤耦合输出蓝光激光器与光纤激光器光束质量特性,基于有色金属材料对不同波长激光吸收特性,基于双片振镜摆动扫描特性,基于CCD机械视觉成像特性,通过光纤耦合输出蓝光激光器与光纤激光器合束聚焦,结合光纤激光振镜模块摆动扫描,辅以CCD机械视觉成像,可大幅提高有色金属焊接表面质量与焊接深度,同时有效降低激光飞溅和材料内部焊接缺陷。(The invention discloses a dual-band laser swing welding optical system which comprises an optical fiber coupling output blue laser, a first collimating lens group, a first beam combining lens, a second beam combining lens, a focusing lens group, a protective lens, an optical fiber laser, a second collimating lens group, a first vibrating lens, a second vibrating lens, an optical filter and a CCD (charge coupled device) lens. The invention has novel structural design, outputs the beam quality characteristics of the blue laser and the fiber laser based on fiber coupling, absorbs the laser with different wavelengths based on non-ferrous metal materials, outputs the combined beam focusing of the blue laser and the fiber laser based on the swinging scanning characteristic of a double-piece galvanometer and the mechanical visual imaging characteristic of a CCD (charge coupled device), combines the swinging scanning of a fiber laser galvanometer module and is assisted with the mechanical visual imaging of the CCD, thereby greatly improving the welding surface quality and the welding depth of non-ferrous metals and effectively reducing the laser splashing and the welding defects in the materials.)

1. A dual-band laser swing welding optical system is characterized in that: the optical system comprises an optical fiber coupling output blue laser (1), a first collimating lens group (2), a first beam combiner (3), a second beam combiner (4), a focusing lens group (5), a protective lens (6), an optical fiber laser (7), a second collimating lens group (8), a first vibrating lens (9), a second vibrating lens (10), an optical filter (11) and a CCD (charge coupled device) lens (12); the first collimating lens group (2), the focusing lens group (5) and the second collimating lens group (8) are all aberration-eliminating spherical lens groups, the central axes of the first collimating lens group (2) and the focusing lens group (5) are coaxial, and are also parallel to the central axis of the second collimating lens group (8), and the materials are all fused quartz materials;

the coating of the first beam combiner (3) comprises 400nm-500nm high transmittance and 650nm +/-20 nm high reflectance, and is arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees relative to the central optical axis of the first collimating lens group (2), and the coating is made of fused quartz material;

the coating of the second beam combiner (4) comprises 400nm-500nm high transmittance, 650nm +/-20 nm semi-transparent semi-reflection and 1020nm-1090nm high reflectance, and is arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees relative to the central optical axis of the first collimating lens group (2), and the material is fused quartz material; the protective glasses (6) are made of fused quartz materials.

2. The optical system of claim 1 for dual band laser weaving welding, wherein: first mirror (9) that shakes, second mirror (10) installation reference angle of shaking are 45, and first mirror (9) pivot of shaking is perpendicular with second collimating mirror group (8) center pin, and second mirror (10) pivot of shaking is parallel with second collimating mirror group (8) center pin, and first mirror (9), second shake mirror (10) and have the swing angle within 5 scope for installing reference angle separately, and the lens material includes fused silica, SiC and light-duty metal material.

3. The optical system of claim 1 for dual band laser weaving welding, wherein: the laser emitted by the optical system fiber coupling output blue laser (1) sequentially passes through a first collimating lens group (2), a first beam combining lens (3), a second beam combining lens (4), a focusing lens group (5) and a protective lens (6);

the laser emitted by the optical system fiber laser (7) sequentially passes through a second collimating mirror group (8), a first vibrating mirror (9), a second vibrating mirror (10), a second beam combining mirror (4), a focusing mirror group (5) and a protective mirror (6);

the mechanical vision imaging of the optical system is sequentially composed of a protective lens (6), a focusing lens group (5), a second beam combiner (4), a first beam combiner (3), an optical filter (11) and a CCD (charge coupled device) lens (12).

4. The optical system of claim 1 for dual band laser weaving welding, wherein: the laser wavelength of the blue laser (1) is 400nm-500nm through fiber coupling output, and the laser wavelength of the fiber laser (7) is 1020nm-1090 nm.

5. The optical system of claim 1 for dual band laser weaving welding, wherein: the optical filter (11) is a band-pass filter, the light transmission center wavelength is 650nm, the half-wave bandwidth is less than or equal to 30nm, and the cut-off wavelength comprises a visible light band and a near-infrared band.

6. The use method of realizing a dual-band laser weaving welding optical system of claim 1, characterized in that: the using method comprises the following steps:

A. the fiber coupling outputs laser light from the blue laser (1), collimated light beams are formed by the first collimating lens group (2), the collimated light beams are refracted by the first beam combining lens (3) and the second beam combining lens (4) in sequence and then focused by the focusing lens group (5), and the focused light beams are converged into one point after passing through the protective lens (6);

B. meanwhile, laser is emitted by the fiber laser (7), collimated light beams are formed by collimation of a second collimating mirror group (8), the collimated light beams are sequentially reflected by a first vibrating mirror (9), a second vibrating mirror (10) and a second beam combining mirror (4), when the first vibrating mirror (9) and the second vibrating mirror (10) are matched and swing, the reflected emergent light beams have included angles in different directions relative to a focusing mirror group (5), and are focused by the focusing mirror group (5), a focusing focus deviates from the central axis of the focusing mirror group (5), and a focusing light spot forms a specific scanning pattern on a focal plane along with real-time swing of the first vibrating mirror (9) and the second vibrating mirror (10);

C. in the laser welding process, the focusing fixed light spot of the blue laser (1) and the swinging scanning light spot of the optical fiber laser (7) are optimally combined through optical fiber coupling output, so that the optimization of the welding quality of nonferrous metals can be realized;

D. when a workpiece is illuminated by a red light illumination light source, diffuse reflection occurs on the surface of the plate, partial light beams are reflected to sequentially pass through the protective lens (6), the focusing lens group (5), the second beam combining lens (4), the first beam combining lens (3), the light filter (11) and the CCD lens (12), and finally are imaged on the CCD, so that the condition of the welding surface can be observed in real time.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a dual-waveband laser swing welding optical system.

Background

The laser processing technology covers various laser processing technologies such as laser cutting, welding, quenching, punching, micro-processing and the like, and utilizes the basic characteristic of interaction between laser and substances. The laser beam has the advantages of non-contact with the processing material, high processing speed, excellent quality and the like, so that the laser processing technology is a high and new technology without replacement.

The laser welding has the advantages of high energy density, high speed, small welding deformation, wide fusion, narrow heat affected zone and the like. However, for the laser welding of nonferrous metals, the common welding mode is not enough to meet the welding requirements, such as the laser welding of galvanized plates, copper, aluminum and other materials, the inner part is easy to generate laser welding defects of cracks, air holes and the like, the splashing is large, the damage of a lens of a laser processing head is easily caused, and the surface forming quality is poor.

At present, there are multiple schemes that can improve the problem of the laser welding of the non-ferrous metals to a certain extent.

In the aspect of lasers, suppliers such as IPG (internet protocol group) and the like can reduce welding spatter and improve the quality of welding surfaces by using a point-to-annular combined light spot energy ratio adjustable mode aiming at fiber lasers. However, the absorption rate difference of the fiber laser is large in the solid-liquid-gas state of the nonferrous metal, the laser welding can be carried out only by needing larger laser power, the power density of light spots is higher, and plasma cloud is easily generated and gathered, so that metal steam cannot be removed in time, and internal defects are generated; laserline etc. adopt the fiber coupling output blue laser of shorter wavelength to carry out laser welding, because non ferrous metal is to the high absorption rate of blue laser, can effectively reduce the welding and splash, promote the welding and form the quality in the table, but fiber coupling output blue laser power is low down, and the light beam quality is poor too much than fiber laser, can't carry out the deep fusion welding, and along with laser power's incremental cost becomes fairly expensive.

In the aspect of a laser processing head, a swing welding light path system based on a fiber laser, such as a galvanometer swing welding system, can reduce welding spatter to a certain extent and improve the quality of a welded surface in a mode of dispersing energy in time, but can also solve the problem of spot and annular combined spot energy ratio adjustable mode welding, and can not effectively improve the surface and interior quality of non-ferrous metal welding; there is also two band welding optical path systems based on ordinary semiconductor laser and fiber laser, and the most common is 915nm semiconductor laser and 1070nm fiber laser two band schemes, though also can improve welding surface and interior quality to a certain extent, improves the welding depth, but the absorption rate of non ferrous metal to 915nm laser is lower than the absorption rate of blue light laser a lot, can't reach the permanent cure effect of blue light laser.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to a dual-band laser swing welding optical system to solve the above-mentioned problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a dual-band laser swing welding optical system comprises an optical fiber coupling output blue laser, a first collimating lens group, a first beam combining lens, a second beam combining lens, a focusing lens group, a protective lens, an optical fiber laser, a second collimating lens group, a first vibrating lens, a second vibrating lens, an optical filter and a CCD (charge coupled device) lens; the first collimating lens group, the focusing lens group and the second collimating lens group are all aberration-eliminating spherical lens groups, the central axes of the first collimating lens group and the focusing lens group are coaxial, and are also parallel to the central axis of the second collimating lens group, and the materials are all fused quartz materials;

the first beam combiner coating film comprises 400nm-500nm high transmittance and 650nm +/-20 nm high reflectance, and is arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees relative to the central optical axis of the first collimating lens group and made of fused quartz material;

the second beam combining mirror coating film comprises 400nm-500nm high transmittance, 650nm +/-20 nm semi-transparent semi-reflection and 1020nm-1090nm high reflectance, and is arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees relative to the central optical axis of the first collimating mirror group, and the second beam combining mirror coating film is made of fused quartz material; the protective glass is made of fused quartz material.

Preferably, the installation reference angles of the first vibrating mirror and the second vibrating mirror are both 45 degrees, the rotating shaft of the first vibrating mirror is perpendicular to the central shaft of the second collimating mirror group, the rotating shaft of the second vibrating mirror is parallel to the central shaft of the second collimating mirror group, the first vibrating mirror and the second vibrating mirror have a swing angle within a range of +/-5 degrees relative to the respective installation reference angles, and the lens materials comprise fused quartz, SiC and light metal materials.

Preferably, the blue laser emitted by the optical system through optical fiber coupling passes through a first collimating lens group, a first beam combining lens, a second beam combining lens, a focusing lens group and a protective lens in sequence;

the laser emitted by the optical system fiber laser sequentially passes through a second collimating lens group, a first vibrating lens, a second beam combining lens, a focusing lens group and a protective lens;

the mechanical vision imaging of the optical system consists of a protective lens, a focusing lens group, a second beam combining lens, a first beam combining lens, an optical filter and a CCD lens in sequence.

Preferably, the optical fiber is used for coupling and outputting the laser wavelength of the blue laser from 400nm to 500nm and the laser wavelength of the optical fiber from 1020nm to 1090 nm.

Preferably, the optical filter is a band-pass optical filter, the light transmission center wavelength is 650nm, the half-wave bandwidth is less than or equal to 30nm, and the cut-off wavelength comprises a visible light band and a near-infrared band.

Preferably, the using method comprises the following steps:

A. the optical fiber couples and outputs blue laser emergent laser, and collimated light beams are formed by the first collimating lens group, the collimated light beams are refracted by the first beam combining lens and the second beam combining lens in sequence and are focused by the focusing lens group, and the focused light beams are converged into a point after passing through the protective lens;

B. meanwhile, laser is emitted from the fiber laser, collimated light beams are formed by the collimation of the second collimating mirror group, the collimated light beams are sequentially reflected by the first vibrating mirror, the second vibrating mirror and the second beam combining mirror, when the first vibrating mirror and the second vibrating mirror are matched to swing, the reflected emitted light beams have included angles in different directions relative to the focusing mirror group, the light beams are focused by the focusing mirror group, a focusing focus deviates from the central axis of the focusing mirror group, and a focusing light spot forms a specific scanning pattern on a focal plane along with the real-time swing of the first vibrating mirror and the second vibrating mirror;

C. in the laser welding process, the focusing fixed light spot of the blue laser and the swinging scanning light spot of the fiber laser are optimally combined through fiber coupling output, so that the optimization of the welding quality of the nonferrous metal can be realized;

D. when a workpiece is illuminated by a red light illumination light source, diffuse reflection occurs on the surface of the plate, partial light beams are reflected to sequentially pass through a protective lens, a focusing lens group, a second beam combining lens, a first beam combining lens, a light filter and a CCD lens and finally imaged on a CCD, and the condition of the welding surface can be observed in real time.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention has novel structural design, outputs the beam quality characteristics of the blue laser and the fiber laser based on fiber coupling, absorbs the laser with different wavelengths based on non-ferrous metal materials, outputs the combined beam focusing of the blue laser and the fiber laser based on the swinging scanning characteristic of a double-piece galvanometer and the mechanical visual imaging characteristic of a CCD (charge coupled device), combines the swinging scanning of a fiber laser galvanometer module and is assisted with the mechanical visual imaging of the CCD, thereby greatly improving the welding surface quality and the welding depth of non-ferrous metals and effectively reducing the laser splashing and the welding defects in the materials.

(2) The wavelength of the fiber coupling output blue laser provided by the invention is between 400nm and 500nm, the absorption rate of nonferrous metals to the laser is obviously higher than that of other lasers in the market at present, such as a fiber laser and a common semiconductor laser, only low-power light emission is needed, so that a processing material is melted and the boiling point can not be reached far, the laser splashing can be effectively reduced, and the surface forming quality is improved.

(3) The optical fiber coupling output blue laser and the optical fiber laser are combined for welding application, the optical fiber coupling output blue laser is mainly used as an auxiliary, the absorption rate of the optical fiber laser is improved by preheating and melting nonferrous metal materials, the power of the needed optical fiber laser can be greatly reduced, the welding energy density is reduced, the plasma cloud concentration is reduced, metal steam can be effectively eliminated by combining the swing scanning of an optical fiber end vibrating mirror, the internal defects of a welding seam are reduced, in addition, the penetration energy is strong due to the better light beam quality of the optical fiber laser, and the welding depth can be greatly improved.

(4) The CCD vision system provided by the invention is combined with a red light vision illumination light source to illuminate a welding workpiece, and is matched with a CCD industrial camera, so that the imaging of a welding plate surface can be observed in real time.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of optical path transmission according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, such as "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a dual-band laser swing welding optical system 1 comprises an optical fiber coupling output blue laser 1, a first collimating lens group 2, a first beam combining lens 3, a second beam combining lens 4, a focusing lens group 5, a protective lens 6, an optical fiber laser 7, a second collimating lens group 8, a first vibrating lens 9, a second vibrating lens 10, an optical filter 11 and a CCD (charge coupled device) lens 12.

In the invention, the laser wavelength of the blue laser 1 is 400nm-500nm through optical fiber coupling output, and the laser wavelength of the optical fiber laser 7 is 1020nm-1090 nm;

the first collimating lens group 2, the focusing lens group 5 and the second collimating lens group 8 are all aberration-eliminating spherical lens groups, the central axes of the first collimating lens group 2 and the focusing lens group 5 are coaxial, and are also parallel to the central axis of the second collimating lens group 8, and the materials are all fused quartz materials;

the first beam combiner 3 is coated with a film which comprises 400nm-500nm high transmittance and 650nm +/-20 nm high reflectance, and is arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees relative to the central optical axis of the first collimating lens group 2 and made of fused quartz material;

the second beam combiner 4 is coated with a film containing 400nm-500nm high transmittance, 650nm +/-20 nm semi-transparent semi-reflective and 1020nm-1090nm high reflectance, and is arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees relative to the central optical axis of the first collimating lens group 2, and the material is fused quartz material;

the protective glass 6 is made of fused quartz material;

the installation reference angles of the first vibrating mirror 9 and the second vibrating mirror 10 are both 45 degrees, the rotating shaft of the first vibrating mirror 9 is perpendicular to the central shaft of the second collimating mirror group 8, the rotating shaft of the second vibrating mirror 10 is parallel to the central shaft of the second collimating mirror group 8, the first vibrating mirror 9 and the second vibrating mirror 10 have swing angles within a range of +/-5 degrees relative to the respective installation reference angles, and the lens materials comprise fused quartz, SiC and light metal materials;

the optical filter 11 is a band-pass filter, the light transmission center wavelength is 650nm, the half-wave bandwidth is less than or equal to 30nm, and the cut-off wavelength comprises a visible light band and a near infrared band.

In the invention, the laser emitted by the optical system fiber coupling output blue laser 1 sequentially passes through a first collimating mirror group 2, a first beam combining mirror 3, a second beam combining mirror 4, a focusing mirror group 5 and a protective mirror 6;

the laser emitted by the optical system fiber laser 7 sequentially passes through a second collimating mirror group 8, a first vibrating mirror 9, a second vibrating mirror 10, a second beam combining mirror 4, a focusing mirror group 5 and a protective mirror 6;

the mechanical vision imaging of the optical system consists of a protective lens 6, a focusing lens group 5, a second beam combiner 4, a first beam combiner 3, an optical filter 11 and a CCD lens 12 in sequence.

The working principle is as follows: the using method of the invention comprises the following steps:

A. the fiber coupling outputs laser light emitted by a blue laser 1, collimated light beams are formed by a first collimating lens group 2, the collimated light beams are refracted by a first beam combining lens 3 and a second beam combining lens 4 in sequence and are focused by a focusing lens group 5, and the focused light beams are converged into a point after passing through a protective lens 6;

B. meanwhile, laser light is emitted by the optical fiber laser 7 and is collimated by the second collimating lens group 8 to form collimated light beams, the collimated light beams are sequentially reflected by the first vibrating lens 9, the second vibrating lens 10 and the second beam combining lens 4, when the first vibrating lens 9 and the second vibrating lens 10 are matched to swing, the reflected emergent light beams have included angles in different directions relative to the focusing lens group 5 and are focused by the focusing lens group 5, the focusing focus deviates from the central axis of the focusing lens group 5, and focusing light spots form a specific scanning pattern on a focal plane along with real-time swinging of the first vibrating lens 9 and the second vibrating lens 10;

C. in the laser welding process, the focusing fixed light spot of the blue laser 1 and the swinging scanning light spot of the fiber laser 7 are optimally combined through fiber coupling output, so that the optimization of the welding quality of the nonferrous metal can be realized;

D. when a workpiece is illuminated by a red light illumination light source, diffuse reflection occurs on the surface of the plate, partial light beams are reflected to sequentially pass through the protective lens 6, the focusing lens group 5, the second beam combining lens 4, the first beam combining lens 3, the light filter 11 and the CCD lens 12, and finally are imaged on the CCD, so that the condition of the welding surface can be observed in real time.

In conclusion, the laser welding device is novel in structural design, based on the beam quality characteristics of the fiber coupling output blue laser and the fiber laser, the absorption characteristics of nonferrous materials to laser with different wavelengths, the swinging scanning characteristics of the double-piece galvanometer, the mechanical visual imaging characteristics of the CCD, the beam combination focusing of the fiber coupling output blue laser and the fiber laser, the swinging scanning of the fiber laser galvanometer module and the mechanical visual imaging of the CCD are combined, the welding surface quality and the welding depth of the nonferrous metals can be greatly improved, and meanwhile, the laser splashing and the welding defects in the materials are effectively reduced.

The invention is not described in detail, but is well known to those skilled in the art.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.