阅读说明：本技术 一种北斗导航天线 (Beidou navigation antenna ) 是由 韦增旭 任侃侃 刘云 燕官锋 史剑锋 刘士杰 赵满 于 2020-04-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种北斗导航天线,属于通信技术领域。包括无源天线和有源模块；无源天线和有源模块之间使用金属馈针实现电气连接；有源模块与信号合路连接,信号合路与一线通连接；导航天线接收的信号由无源天线将自用空间的电磁波信号转为电信号,通过有源模块进行低噪声放大后输送给接收机进行信号处理；导航天线发射的信号通过有源模块的滤波及功率放大后通过无源天线辐射到自用空间实现与卫星的通信。本发明发射大功率信号通过无源天线反馈到接收天线的输出端口,然后通过介质滤波器将反馈后的大信号传送给接收链路的限幅器或者放大器。介质滤波器能够去除1615.68MHz的大信号,不会引起后端器件的谐波产生,可满足RE103的要求。(The invention relates to a Beidou navigation antenna, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The passive antenna and the active module are included; the passive antenna and the active module are electrically connected by using a metal feed pin; the active module is connected with a signal combiner, and the signal combiner is connected with a wire harness; the passive antenna converts the electromagnetic wave signal of the self-service space into an electric signal, and the electric signal is subjected to low-noise amplification by the active module and then is transmitted to the receiver for signal processing; signals transmitted by the navigation antenna are filtered and power-amplified by the active module and then radiated to a self-use space through the passive antenna to realize communication with a satellite. The invention transmits high-power signals to be fed back to an output port of a receiving antenna through a passive antenna, and then transmits the fed-back large signals to an amplitude limiter or an amplifier of a receiving link through a dielectric filter. The dielectric filter can remove 1615.68MHz large signals, does not cause harmonic generation of back-end devices, and can meet the requirement of RE 103.)

1. The utility model provides a big dipper navigation satellite system antenna which characterized in that: the passive antenna and the active module are included; the passive antenna and the active module are electrically connected by using a metal feed pin; the active module is connected with a signal combiner, and the signal combiner is connected with a wire harness; the passive antenna converts the electromagnetic wave signal of the self-service space into an electric signal, and the electric signal is subjected to low-noise amplification by the active module and then is transmitted to the receiver for signal processing; signals transmitted by the navigation antenna are subjected to filtering and power amplification through the active module, and then are radiated to a self-use space through the passive antenna to realize communication with a satellite.

2. The Beidou navigation antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the navigation antenna finishes transmitting, a transmitting high-power signal is fed back to an output port of the receiving antenna through the passive antenna, and then the fed-back large signal is transmitted to an amplitude limiter or an amplifier of a receiving link through the dielectric filter.

3. The Beidou navigation antenna according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: the receiving link comprises an antenna element, a capacitor C1, a dielectric filter U1, a low noise amplifier LNA1, a dielectric filter U2, a low noise amplifier LNA2 and a variable resistor R1 which are connected in sequence.

4. The Beidou navigation antenna according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: the transmitting chain comprises a dielectric filter U3, a power amplifier PA1, a variable resistor R2, a power amplifier PA2, an LDMOS, an isolator U4, a dielectric filter U5, a capacitor C2 and an antenna element which are connected in sequence.

5. The Beidou navigation antenna of claim 3, wherein: the dielectric filter U1 and the dielectric filter U2 may be replaced with cavity filters.

6. The Beidou navigation antenna of claim 4, wherein: the dielectric filter U3 and the dielectric filter U5 may be replaced with cavity filters.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a Beidou navigation antenna, and belongs to the technical field of communication.

Background

At present, the electromagnetic emission of the Beidou navigation antenna cannot meet the requirements of the national military standard, and the antenna is generally limited not to be applied in an electromagnetic sensitive area.

The dielectric filter has the characteristics that: the difference loss is excellent, the frequency selectivity is medium, and the overall dimension is excellent; the input end of the LNA is designed with a dielectric filter with high rejection at 1615.68MHz, the dielectric filter can sacrifice a certain external dimension to ensure the differential loss, but the differential loss is still deteriorated by about 1dB, so that the noise coefficient of reception is increased in the link of the LNA, the noise coefficient of about 1dB is deteriorated under the original condition in the background technology, and the receiving sensitivity of 1dB can be equivalently deteriorated for the whole LNA. Under the existing whole machine premise, the receiving sensitivity of the L1 receiving link has larger margin, the 1dB deteriorated noise coefficient does not influence the equipment performance in the system, and the positioning accuracy of the receiver is not deteriorated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a Beidou navigation antenna, which is used for solving the problem that the electromagnetic emission of the Beidou navigation antenna does not meet the requirements of CE106/RE 103.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a Beidou navigation antenna comprises a passive antenna and an active module; the passive antenna and the active module are electrically connected by using a metal feed pin; the active module is connected with a signal combiner, and the signal combiner is connected with a wire harness; the passive antenna converts the electromagnetic wave signal of the self-service space into an electric signal, and the electric signal is subjected to low-noise amplification by the active module and then is transmitted to the receiver for signal processing; signals transmitted by the navigation antenna are subjected to filtering and power amplification through the active module, and then are radiated to a self-use space through the passive antenna to realize communication with a satellite.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved in that when the navigation antenna finishes transmitting, a transmitting high-power signal is fed back to an output port of the receiving antenna through the passive antenna, and then the fed-back large signal is transmitted to an amplitude limiter or an amplifier of a receiving link through a dielectric filter.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved in that the receiving link comprises an antenna element, a capacitor C1, a dielectric filter U1, a low noise amplifier LNA1, a dielectric filter U2, a low noise amplifier LNA2 and a variable resistor R1 which are connected in sequence.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved in that the transmitting link comprises a dielectric filter U3, a power amplifier PA1, a variable resistor R2, a power amplifier PA2, an LDMOS, an isolator U4, a dielectric filter U5, a capacitor C2 and an antenna element which are connected in sequence.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved in that the dielectric filter U1 and the dielectric filter U2 can be replaced by cavity filters.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved in that the dielectric filter U3 and the dielectric filter U5 can be replaced by cavity filters.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:

the dielectric filter is redesigned at the receiving end of the antenna, 1615.68MHz is suppressed to be a small signal while the performance index of the antenna is ensured, and the nonlinear distortion of a post-stage device is not triggered any more. Filters (with suppression of emissions) are designed in the receive chain to meet the electromagnetic emission requirements.

The invention realizes the electromagnetic emission requirement through the dielectric filter, and the overall dimension of the dielectric filter is smaller, thereby realizing the miniaturization of the product.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the external structure of the Beidou antenna of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the external structure of the Beidou antenna of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the Beidou antenna circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of the Beidou antenna receiving link of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a transmission link diagram of the Beidou antenna of the invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments:

the invention relates to a novel Beidou navigation antenna which can solve the problem that the electromagnetic emission of the existing Beidou navigation antenna does not meet the requirements of CE106/RE 103.

The main design principle of the invention is as follows: electromagnetic emission requirements of RE103 on antennas in GJB 151A-97 military equipment and subsystem electromagnetic emission and sensitivity requirements: except for the second harmonic and the third harmonic, all harmonic emission and spurious emission should be at least 80dB lower than the fundamental level, and the second harmonic and the third harmonic should be suppressed by 50+10lgP (P is the peak output power of the fundamental, unit: W) or 80dB, and the suppression requirement is smaller.

Harmonic waves can not meet the requirements in the electromagnetic compatibility test of an actual product, second harmonic waves and third harmonic waves in a wired test meet the requirements, and harmonic waves in an air interface test exceed the standard. The main reason is that the central frequency point of L transmitted by the RDSS function is 1615.68MHz, the central frequency point of L1 in the RNSS is 1575.42MHz, the difference of the receiving and transmitting working frequencies is only about 40MHz, the receiving and transmitting isolation degree (L and L1) of the passive antenna is about 10dB, a 1615.68MHz signal with the energy of about 30dBm is received at the receiving end of B1L1, because the existing dielectric filter has no inhibition on the 1615.68MHz signal, the signal is not attenuated and is directly input to a rear-stage device, an electrostatic protection diode inside an amplitude limiter or an amplifier can be triggered to generate an 1615.68MHz harmonic signal, the signal is radiated to a self-use space through an L1 antenna feed port, and therefore, the harmonic exceeds the standard in the electromagnetic compatibility test process. According to the invention, the dielectric filter is redesigned at the receiving end of the L1, so that the 1615.68MHz is suppressed to be a small signal while the performance index of the antenna is ensured, and the nonlinear distortion of a post-stage device is not triggered. According to the invention, the dielectric filter is redesigned at the receiving end of the L1, 1615.68MHz is suppressed to be a small signal while the performance index of the antenna is ensured, and the nonlinear distortion of a post-stage device is not triggered any more. Filters (with suppression of emissions) are designed in the receive chain to meet the electromagnetic emission requirements.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, the beidou navigation satellite antenna includes a passive antenna active module. And the passive antenna and the active module are electrically connected by using a metal feed pin. The active module is connected with a signal combiner, and the signal combiner is connected with a wire-through.

The passive antenna converts the electromagnetic wave signal of the self-service space into an electric signal, and the electric signal is subjected to low-noise amplification by the active module and then is transmitted to the receiver for signal processing; signals transmitted by the navigation antenna are filtered and power-amplified by the active module, and then radiated to a self-use space through the passive antenna to realize communication with a satellite. The active module is used for completing the functions of low-noise amplification, power amplification and filtering of the navigation signal. The passive antenna mainly has the function of realizing the conversion between the free space of the multi-frequency point navigation signal and the electromagnetic wave of the transmission line.

The invention can realize electromagnetic compatibility by arranging the dielectric filter. When the navigation antenna finishes transmitting, a transmitting high-power signal is fed back to an output port of the receiving antenna through the passive antenna, and then the fed-back large signal is transmitted to a limiter or an amplifier of a receiving link through the dielectric filter. If the dielectric filter finishes the function of removing large signals of 1615.68MHz, harmonic waves of rear-end devices are not generated, and the requirement of RE103 can be met.

As shown in fig. 4, the receiving chain of the antenna includes an antenna element, a capacitor C1, a dielectric filter U1, a low noise amplifier LNA1, a dielectric filter U2, a low noise amplifier LNA2, and a variable resistor R1, which are connected in this order.

As shown in fig. 5, the transmitting chain of the antenna includes a dielectric filter U3, a power amplifier PA1, a variable resistor R2, a power amplifier PA2, an LDMOS, an isolator U4, a dielectric filter U5, a capacitor C2, and an antenna element, which are connected in sequence.

The dielectric filter used in the present invention is suitable for miniaturized products. The dielectric filter U1 and the dielectric filter U2 in fig. 4 and the dielectric filter U3 and the dielectric filter U5 in fig. 5 can also be replaced by cavity filters, and the cavity filters are suitable for other products.

The invention realizes the electromagnetic emission requirement through the dielectric filter, and the overall dimension of the dielectric filter is smaller, thereby realizing the miniaturization of the product.

The parameters of the dielectric filter used in the present invention are as follows:

the dielectric filter using the parameters can well realize the function of removing large signals of 1615.68MHz and meet the requirement of RE 103.

The invention can promote the application of the Beidou antenna in civil aircrafts or other electromagnetic sensitive equipment areas.