阅读说明：本技术 一种低烧损可磨耗涂层材料及其应用 (Low-burning-loss abradable coating material and application thereof ) 是由 于月光 刘建明 沈婕 章德铭 郭丹 王帅 刘通 黄凌峰 卢晓亮 侯伟骜 周恒� 于 2019-12-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于涂层材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种低烧损可磨耗涂层材料及其应用。本发明提供的低烧损可磨耗涂层材料包括可磨耗组分和骨架组分,所述可磨耗组分包括六方氮化硼,所述六方氮化硼的石墨化指数为0.7～2.0,形貌为层片状。本发明选择了具有特定石墨化指数和形貌的六方氮化硼作为可磨耗组分,可以有效降低氮化硼系可磨耗涂层材料在热喷涂过程中的损失,提高涂层中氮化硼组分含量,从而提高涂层的可磨耗性,在航空发动机和燃气轮机中有广阔应用前景。(The invention belongs to the technical field of coating materials, and particularly relates to a low-burning-loss abradable coating material and application thereof. The low-burning-loss abradable coating material provided by the invention comprises an abradable component and a framework component, wherein the abradable component comprises hexagonal boron nitride, the graphitization index of the hexagonal boron nitride is 0.7-2.0, and the appearance of the hexagonal boron nitride is lamellar. According to the invention, hexagonal boron nitride with a specific graphitization index and morphology is selected as an abradable component, so that the loss of a boron nitride abradable coating material in a thermal spraying process can be effectively reduced, and the content of the boron nitride component in the coating is improved, thereby improving the abradability of the coating, and having a wide application prospect in aircraft engines and gas turbines.)

1. The low-burning-loss abradable coating material comprises an abradable component and a framework component, wherein the abradable component comprises hexagonal boron nitride, and the low-burning-loss abradable coating material is characterized in that the graphitization index of the hexagonal boron nitride is 0.7-2.0, and the hexagonal boron nitride is layered and flaky.

2. The low-burn-loss abradable coating material of claim 1, wherein the hexagonal boron nitride has a primary particle size of 3 to 30 μm.

3. The low-burn-loss abradable coating material of claim 1, wherein the purity of the hexagonal boron nitride is 99.0% or more.

4. The low-burn abradable coating material of claim 1, wherein the abradable component further comprises graphite and/or polyphenyl esters.

5. The low-burn-away abradable coating material of claim 1, wherein the skeletal component comprises one or more of a ceramic, a pure metal, and an alloy.

6. The low-burn-away abradable coating material of claim 5, wherein the pure metal comprises aluminum;

the alloy comprises one or more of nickel-chromium-iron alloy, aluminum-silicon alloy, nickel-silicon alloy, titanium-aluminum alloy, copper-aluminum alloy and nickel-chromium alloy.

7. The low-burn-loss abradable coating material of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the hexagonal boron nitride to the framework components is 1: (2-150).

8. The low-burnout abradable coating material of claim 1, wherein the low-burnout abradable coating material is in the form of a powder material, a wire, a bar, or a suspension.

9. The low-burnout abradable coating material of claim 8, wherein the low-burnout abradable coating material is in the form of a powder material, a wire or a rod, and the low-burnout abradable coating material further comprises a binder in its composition;

or the low burning loss abradable coating material is in the form of a suspension, and the components of the low burning loss abradable coating material further comprise a solvent.

10. An abradable coating formed by thermal spraying the low-burnout abradable coating material of any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of coating materials, and particularly relates to a low-burning-loss abradable coating material and application thereof.

Background

The abradable seal coating is coated on the surface of a stator part of an aero-engine, and active abrasion can be generated when the abradable seal coating is abraded with the rotor part under the high-temperature and high-speed working condition, so that the minimum gap between the rotor and the stator can be controlled through interference fit of the rotor and the stator, the rotor part is protected from abrasion, and the abradable seal coating has important significance for reducing oil consumption of a gas turbine, improving efficiency and operating safety. The abradable seal coating is composed of an abradable component and a framework component, wherein the abradable component is generally a low-shear strength non-metallic material such as graphite, hexagonal boron nitride, polyphenyl ester and the like, and provides abradability of the coating; the skeleton component is metal or ceramic such as Al, AlSi, CuAl, NiCr, etc. to endow the coating with certain strength, oxidation resistance, etc. The main preparation process of the abradable seal coating is thermal spraying, and the temperature of spraying flame flow is generally more than 3000 ℃.

Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is an abradable component with excellent performance, has the characteristics of stable chemical property, excellent abradability and the like, and is an important component of advanced abradable coating materials. However, the hBN component is rapidly oxidized in 900 ℃ air, has light weight, poor plasticity, poor adhesion and the like, is easy to burn and damage in a thermal spraying flame flow, is difficult to accelerate, is easy to scatter after impacting a substrate and the like, so that the deposition rate of thermal spraying is very low, and the excellent characteristics of the component cannot be exerted.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a low-burning-loss abradable coating material and an application thereof, and the low-burning-loss abradable coating material provided by the present invention has the advantages of low boron nitride loss in the thermal spraying process, high content of boron nitride component in the formed coating, and good abradability.

The invention provides a low-burning-loss abradable coating material which comprises an abradable component and a framework component, wherein the abradable component comprises hexagonal boron nitride, the graphitization index of the hexagonal boron nitride is 0.7-2.0, and the hexagonal boron nitride is in a lamellar shape.

Preferably, the primary particle size of the hexagonal boron nitride is 3-30 μm.

Preferably, the purity of the hexagonal boron nitride is more than or equal to 99.0%.

Preferably, the abradable component further comprises graphite and/or polyphenyl esters.

Preferably, the framework component comprises one or more of a ceramic, a pure metal and an alloy.

Preferably, the pure metal comprises aluminum;

the alloy comprises one or more of nickel-chromium-iron alloy, aluminum-silicon alloy, nickel-silicon alloy, titanium-aluminum alloy, copper-aluminum alloy and nickel-chromium alloy.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the hexagonal boron nitride to the skeleton component is 1: (2-150).

Preferably, the low-burn abradable coating material is in the form of a powder material, a wire, a bar, or a suspension.

Preferably, the low-burning-loss abradable coating material is in the form of a powder material, a wire or a bar, and the components of the low-burning-loss abradable coating material further include a binder;

or the low burning loss abradable coating material is in the form of a suspension, and the components of the low burning loss abradable coating material further comprise a solvent.

The invention provides an abradable coating, which is formed by thermally spraying the low-burning-loss abradable coating material in the technical scheme.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a low-burning-loss abradable coating material and application thereof. The low-burning-loss abradable coating material provided by the invention comprises an abradable component and a framework component, wherein the abradable component comprises hexagonal boron nitride, the graphitization index of the hexagonal boron nitride is 0.7-2.0, and the appearance of the hexagonal boron nitride is lamellar. According to the invention, hexagonal boron nitride with a specific graphitization index and morphology is selected as an abradable component, and when the graphitization index of hBN is within the range of 0.7-2.0, the hBN has moderate crystal form integrity and dislocation density, so that on one hand, the thermal stability of hBN can be improved, the burning loss of hBN can be reduced, and on the other hand, the deformability of hBN can be improved, and the hBN can be deposited in a coating layer more easily through a mechanical clamping effect; the lamellar hBN appearance can realize the micro-melting of the edge of lamellar hBN particles in the thermal spraying process, so that the lamellar hBN particles have certain bonding effect, and the hBN is easier to deposit in a coating. In the preferred technical scheme provided by the invention, the hBN with the purity of more than or equal to 99.0 percent is selected, and the high purity can ensure that the hBN is not easily oxidized and burnt in the thermal spraying high-temperature flame flow, so that the deposition rate of the hBN is further improved. The technical scheme provided by the invention can effectively reduce the loss of the boron nitride series abradable coating material in the thermal spraying process and improve the content of the boron nitride component in the coating, thereby improving the abradability of the coating and having wide application prospect in aeroengines and gas turbines.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of lamellar hBN provided in example 1 of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of the agglomerated particulate and lamellar hybrid hBN provided in comparative example 1 of the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a low-burning-loss abradable coating material which comprises an abradable component and a framework component, wherein the abradable component comprises hexagonal boron nitride, the graphitization index of the hexagonal boron nitride is 0.7-2.0, and the hexagonal boron nitride is in a lamellar shape.

The invention provides a low-burning-loss abradable coating material which comprises an abradable component and a framework component. Wherein the abradable component comprises hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) having a hexagonal crystal structure, and the graphitization index of the hexagonal boron nitride is 0.7-2.0, and specifically may be 0.7, 0.71, 0.72, 0.73, 0.74, 0.75, 0.76, 0.77, 0.78, 0.79, 0.8, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, or 2.0; the hexagonal boron nitride preferably has a primary particle diameter of 3 to 30 μm, and specifically may have a primary particle diameter of 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6 μm, 6.1 μm, 6.2 μm, 6.3 μm, 6.4 μm, 6.5 μm, 6.6 μm, 6.7 μm, 6.8 μm, 6.9 μm, 7 μm, 7.1 μm, 7.2 μm, 7.3 μm, 7.4 μm, 7.5 μm, 7.6 μm, 7.7 μm, 7.8 μm, 7.9 μm, 8.1 μm, 8.2 μm, 8.3 μm, 8.4 μm, 8.5 μm, 8.6 μm, 8.7 μm, 8.8 μm, 8.9 μm, 9.1 μm, 9.3 μm, 9.4 μm, 9.5 μm, 9.9.9.9 μm, 9.9.9 μm, 9.5 μm, 9.12 μm, 9.5 μm, 9 μm, 9.9.9 μm, 9.9 μm, 9 μm, 9.9.9.9 μm, 9.9.9 μm, 9.5 μm, 9.9 μm, 9.9.9.9.9.5 μm, 9 μ, 17.5 μm, 18 μm, 18.5 μm, 19 μm, 19.5 μm, 20 μm, 20.5 μm, 21 μm, 21.5 μm, 22 μm, 22.5 μm, 23 μm, 23.5 μm, 24 μm, 24.5 μm, 25 μm, 25.5 μm, 26 μm, 26.5 μm, 27 μm, 27.5 μm, 28 μm, 28.5 μm, 29 μm, 29.5 μm, or 30 μm; the purity of the hexagonal boron nitride is preferably more than or equal to 99.0%, more preferably more than or equal to 99.5%, and specifically can be 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8% or 99.9%; the morphology of the hexagonal boron nitride is lamellar. The source of the hexagonal boron nitride is not particularly limited, and the hexagonal boron nitride can be obtained by adopting commercial products, such as H-BN series products produced by Yingkou Tianyuan chemical research institute, HS series products produced by the limited liability company of the chemical research institute in Dandong city, or boron nitride series products produced by Liaoning boron Dasytech, and the like.

In the present invention, the abradable component may also include graphite and/or polyphenylene esters. In one embodiment of the present invention, in which the abradable component further includes graphite, the particle size of the graphite is preferably 5-120 μm, and specifically may be 5 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, 50 μm, 55 μm, 60 μm, 65 μm, 70 μm, 75 μm, 80 μm, 85 μm, 90 μm, 95 μm, 100 μm, 105 μm, 110 μm, 115 μm, or 120 μm; the mass ratio of the graphite to the hexagonal boron nitride is preferably (0.5-2): 1, specifically 0.5:1, 1:1, 1.5:1 or 2: 1.

In the present invention, the framework component includes, but is not limited to, one or more of ceramics, pure metals, and alloys. Wherein the pure metal preferably comprises aluminum; the alloy preferably comprises one or more of a nickel-chromium-iron alloy (NiCrFe), an aluminum-silicon alloy (AlSi), a nickel-silicon alloy (NiSi), a titanium-aluminum alloy (TiAl), a copper-aluminum alloy, and a nickel-chromium alloy. In an embodiment provided by the present invention, the content of chromium in the nichrome is preferably 10 to 20 wt%, specifically 10 wt%, 11 wt%, 12 wt%, 13 wt%, 14 wt%, 15 wt%, 16 wt%, 17 wt%, 18 wt%, 19 wt% or 20 wt%, the content of iron in the nichrome is preferably 5 to 15 wt%, specifically 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt%, 10 wt%, 11 wt%, 12 wt%, 13 wt%, 14 wt% or 15 wt%, and the content of nickel in the nichrome is preferably the balance; in another embodiment provided by the invention, the nickel-chromium-iron alloy can be Ni-15Cr-10 Fe. In an embodiment provided by the present invention, the silicon content of the aluminum-silicon alloy is preferably 8 to 15 wt%, specifically 8 wt%, 9 wt%, 10 wt%, 11 wt%, 12 wt%, 13 wt%, 14 wt% or 15 wt%, and the aluminum content of the aluminum-silicon alloy is preferably the rest; in another embodiment provided by the present invention, the aluminum-silicon alloy may be Al-12 Si. In one embodiment provided by the present invention, the silicon content of the nickel-silicon alloy is preferably 2 to 10 wt%, specifically 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt% or 10 wt%, and the nickel content of the nickel-silicon alloy is preferably the rest; in another embodiment provided by the present invention, the nickel-silicon alloy may be specifically Ni-5 Si. In one embodiment provided by the present invention, the aluminum content of the titanium-aluminum alloy is preferably 1 to 5 wt%, specifically 1 wt%, 1.5 wt%, 2 wt%, 2.5 wt%, 3 wt%, 3.5 wt%, 4 wt%, 4.5 wt%, or 5 wt%, and the titanium content of the titanium-aluminum alloy is preferably the rest; in another embodiment provided by the present invention, the titanium-aluminum alloy may be Ti-3 Al. In one embodiment provided by the present invention, the skeleton component includes a pure metal and an alloy, and the mass ratio of the pure metal to the alloy is preferably 1: (5-15), specifically 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14 or 1: 15. In the present invention, the particle size of the skeleton component is preferably 0.1 to 200 μm, and specifically may be 0.1 μm, 0.5 μm, 1 μm, 3 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, 110 μm, 120 μm, 130 μm, 140 μm, 150 μm, 170 μm or 200 μm.

In the present invention, the mass ratio of the hexagonal boron nitride to the skeleton component is preferably 1: (2 to 150), specifically, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:3.5, 1:4, 1:4.5, 1:5, 1:5.5, 1:6, 1:6.5, 1:7, 1:7.5, 1:8, 1:8.5, 1:9, 1:9.5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1:45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70, 1:75, 1:80, 1:85, 1:90, 1:95, 1:100, 1:105, 1:110, 1:115, 1:120, 1:125, 1:130, 1:135, 1:140, 1:145 or 1: 150.

In the present invention, the low-burn abradable coating material is in a form including, but not limited to, a powder material, a wire, a rod, or a suspension. Wherein, when the low-temperature burn occursWhen the abradable coating material is a powder material, a wire or a bar, the components of the low-burn abradable coating material further include a binder, including but not limited to polyvinyl alcohol and/or water glass; the number average molecular weight of the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 50000-100000, and specifically can be 50000, 55000, 60000, 65000, 70000, 75000, 77000, 80000, 85000, 90000, 95000 or 100000; the modulus of the water glass is preferably 2-3, specifically 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9 or 3, and the density of the water glass is preferably 1-2 g/cm³Specifically, it may be 1g/cm³、1.1g/cm³、1.2g/cm³、1.3g/cm³、1.4g/cm³、1.5g/cm³、1.6g/cm³、1.7g/cm³、1.8g/cm³、1.9g/cm³Or 2g/cm³(ii) a The binder is preferably used in an amount of 2 to 8 wt%, specifically 2 wt%, 2.5 wt%, 3 wt%, 3.5 wt%, 4 wt%, 4.5 wt%, 5 wt%, 5.5 wt%, 6 wt%, 6.5 wt%, 7 wt%, 7.5 wt%, or 8 wt%, based on the total mass of the abradable component and the skeletal component. In the present invention, when the low-burning-loss abradable coating material is a suspension, the components of the low-burning-loss abradable coating material further include a solvent, the solvent includes but is not limited to an aqueous aluminum dihydrogen phosphate solution, the concentration of the aqueous aluminum dihydrogen phosphate solution is preferably 40 to 70 wt%, specifically 40 wt%, 45 wt%, 50 wt%, 55 wt%, 60 wt%, 65 wt% or 70 wt%, and the amount of the solvent is preferably 3 to 6 times, specifically 3 times, 3.5 times, 4 times, 4.5 times, 5 times, 5.5 times or 6 times, of the total mass of the solid components in the coating material. In the invention, when the low-burning-loss abradable coating material is a suspension, the components of the low-burning-loss abradable coating material preferably further comprise mica powder, the mica powder is used for further improving the abradability of the coating, and the particle size of the mica powder is preferably 1-20 μm, and specifically can be 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, 15 μm, 16 μm, 17 μm, 18 μm, 19 μm or 20 μm; the mass ratio of the mica powder to the hexagonal boron nitride is preferably (0.5-2): 1, specifically 0.5:1, 1:1, 1.5:1 or 2: 1.

The preparation method of the low-burning-loss abradable coating material is not particularly limited, and the low-burning-loss abradable coating material can be prepared by adopting a process well known by the technical personnel in the field, and if a powder material is prepared, the low-burning-loss abradable coating material can be prepared by adopting a mechanical mixing, mechanical coating or agglomeration composite process; if the wire or the bar is prepared, the wire or the bar can be prepared by a cold-sticking extrusion process; if a suspension is prepared, it can be prepared by stirring the solvent.

According to the invention, hexagonal boron nitride with a specific graphitization index and morphology is selected as an abradable component, and when the graphitization index of hBN is within the range of 0.7-2.0, the hBN has moderate crystal form integrity and dislocation density, so that on one hand, the thermal stability of hBN can be improved, the burning loss of hBN can be reduced, and on the other hand, the deformability of hBN can be improved, and the hBN can be deposited in a coating layer more easily through a mechanical clamping effect; the lamellar hBN appearance can realize the micro-melting of the edge of lamellar hBN particles in the thermal spraying process, so that the lamellar hBN particles have certain bonding effect, and the hBN is easier to deposit in a coating. In the preferred technical scheme provided by the invention, the hBN with the purity of more than or equal to 99.0 percent is selected, and the high purity can ensure that the hBN is not easily oxidized and burnt in the thermal spraying high-temperature flame flow, so that the deposition rate of the hBN is further improved. The coating material provided by the invention can effectively reduce the loss of boron nitride in the thermal spraying process and improve the content of boron nitride components in the coating, thereby improving the abradability of the coating and having wide application prospects in aeroengines and gas turbines.

The invention also provides an abradable coating, which is formed by thermally spraying the low-burning-loss abradable coating material in the technical scheme. The thermal spraying method includes, but is not limited to, plasma spraying or flame spraying. The abradable coating provided by the invention is made of the low-burning-loss abradable coating material provided by the invention, the boron nitride component content in the coating is high, the abradability is excellent, and the abradable coating has a wide application prospect in aeroengines and gas turbines.

For the sake of clarity, the following examples are given in detail.