阅读说明：本技术 一种电弧增材制造用温度调节装置及调节方法 (Temperature adjusting device and adjusting method for electric arc additive manufacturing ) 是由 任香会 高世一 张文杰 王金钊 易耀勇 郑世达 张占辉 李苏 刘丹 辛杨桂 于 2019-12-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种电弧增材制造用温度调节装置及调节方法,包括增材制造槽、设在增材制造槽底部用于夹持基板的夹具,所述基板的上部设有焊枪,所述增材制造槽内设有冷却水,所述增材制造槽相对的两侧分别设有进水阀和出水阀；还包括水槽,所述水槽内设有两个水泵,所述进水阀和出水阀通过水管分别连接一个水泵；还包括控制器、设在增材制造槽内壁上部的温度传感器和距离传感器,所述进水阀、出水阀、温度传感器和距离传感器均与控制器电连接。本发明的电弧增材制造用温度调节装置及调节方法能够调节铝合金等导热性强、热容量大的材料的温度,以避免温度较高引起的成型困难和成型质量交差的技术问题。(The invention discloses a temperature adjusting device and a temperature adjusting method for electric arc additive manufacturing, wherein the temperature adjusting device comprises an additive manufacturing groove and a clamp which is arranged at the bottom of the additive manufacturing groove and used for clamping a substrate, wherein a welding gun is arranged at the upper part of the substrate, cooling water is arranged in the additive manufacturing groove, and a water inlet valve and a water outlet valve are respectively arranged at two opposite sides of the additive manufacturing groove; the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve are respectively connected with one water pump through water pipes; the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve, the temperature sensor and the distance sensor are all electrically connected with the controller. The temperature adjusting device and the adjusting method for the arc additive manufacturing can adjust the temperature of materials with strong heat conductivity and large heat capacity, such as aluminum alloy, and the like, so as to avoid the technical problems of difficult forming and poor forming quality caused by high temperature.)

1. A temperature regulating device for electric arc additive manufacturing comprises an additive manufacturing groove and a clamp which is arranged at the bottom of the additive manufacturing groove and used for clamping a substrate, wherein a welding gun is arranged at the upper part of the substrate;

the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve are respectively connected with one water pump through water pipes;

the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve, the temperature sensor and the distance sensor are all electrically connected with the controller.

2. The temperature regulating device for arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the water inlet valve is a first electromagnetic water valve, and the water outlet valve is a second electromagnetic water valve.

3. The temperature adjustment apparatus for arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein a cooling fan is provided at an upper portion inside the water tank, and the cooling fan is electrically connected to the controller.

4. The temperature adjusting device for arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the two water pumps are a first water pump and a second water pump, the side wall of the water tank is provided with a third electromagnetic water valve and a fourth electromagnetic water valve, the third electromagnetic water valve is connected with the water inlet valve and the first water pump through a water pipe, and the fourth electromagnetic water valve is connected with the water outlet valve and the second water pump through a water pump.

5. A temperature regulation method for arc additive manufacturing, to which the temperature regulation device for arc additive manufacturing of any one of claims 1 to 4 is applied, characterized by comprising the steps of:

s1, cooling water is injected into the additive manufacturing groove and the water groove, and the water level of the cooling water in the additive manufacturing groove reaches the substrate;

s2, starting the two water pumps, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve to form a circulating flow loop in which cooling water flows from the water tank to the additive manufacturing tank and then flows to the water tank;

s3, operating a welding gun, and performing additive manufacturing on the substrate;

s4, monitoring the water temperature in the additive manufacturing groove by using a temperature sensor and transmitting the water temperature to a controller, and comparing the water temperature with the water temperature preset in the controller to enable the controller to control the opening and closing of the two water pumps, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve; monitoring the water level height in the additive manufacturing groove by using a distance sensor and transmitting the water level height to a controller, wherein the water level height is compared with the water level height preset in the controller, so that the controller controls the opening and closing of the two water pumps, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve;

and S5, after the welding gun moves upwards and is closed for 3-6 minutes, the controller controls the two water pumps, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve to be closed.

6. The method for adjusting temperature in arc additive manufacturing according to claim 5, wherein in step S2, a flow speed of cooling water in the circulation flow circuit is 3L/min, and a water level in the additive manufacturing tank is kept constant.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein in step S3, the welding torch is connected to a welding power source, a robotic system, and a wire feeder; in step S3, before the welding gun is operated, the additive manufacturing software is used to perform path planning and layer calculation on the three-dimensional model to form an additive manufacturing operation program, and the additive manufacturing operation program is imported into the robot system.

8. The temperature adjustment method for arc additive manufacturing according to claim 5, wherein in step S3, a diameter of a welding wire of the welding gun is 1.2mm, and a material of the welding wire is an aluminum alloy.

9. The method for adjusting temperature for arc additive manufacturing according to claim 5, wherein in step S4, the distance between the water level in the additive manufacturing tank and the molten pool is 25mm-45 mm; in the step S4, the water temperature is 20-35 ℃.

10. The method of claim 5, wherein a cooling fan for increasing a cooling rate of a water temperature in the water bath is installed at an upper portion of the inside of the water bath, and the cooling fan is turned on in steps S2 to S5.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a temperature adjusting device and a temperature adjusting method for electric arc additive manufacturing.

Background

Additive manufacturing is a rapid prototyping process. Additive manufacturing is mainly classified into laser additive manufacturing, electron beam additive manufacturing, and arc additive manufacturing according to different additive manufacturing heat sources. The laser additive manufacturing and the electron beam additive manufacturing mainly adopt a mode of melting and accumulating metal powder layer by layer to manufacture various metal components with complex structures; the electric arc additive manufacturing mainly adopts a mode of stacking metal wires or powder layer by layer, and compared with laser additive manufacturing and electron beam additive manufacturing, the electric arc additive manufacturing has the advantages of lower cost, high forming speed and high efficiency. The equipment cost and the raw material cost of laser additive manufacturing and electron beam additive manufacturing are high, and the method is not suitable for additive manufacturing of materials with strong heat conductivity, such as aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy is a material with strong heat conductivity and large heat capacity, and has the characteristics of large linear expansion coefficient, low melting point, small high-temperature strength and the like, so that the heat accumulation of the aluminum alloy is large in the additive manufacturing process, the deformation of the aluminum alloy is large, the additive manufacturing forming quality is poor, and the forming is difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a temperature adjusting device for electric arc additive manufacturing, which can adjust the temperature of materials with strong heat conductivity and large heat capacity, such as aluminum alloy and the like, so as to avoid the technical problems of difficult forming and poor forming quality caused by high temperature; another object of the present invention is to provide a temperature adjustment method for arc additive manufacturing.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a temperature regulating device for electric arc additive manufacturing, which comprises an additive manufacturing groove and a clamp arranged at the bottom of the additive manufacturing groove and used for clamping a substrate, wherein a welding gun is arranged at the upper part of the substrate, cooling water is arranged in the additive manufacturing groove, and a water inlet valve and a water outlet valve are respectively arranged at two opposite sides of the additive manufacturing groove;

the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve are respectively connected with one water pump through water pipes;

the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve, the temperature sensor and the distance sensor are all electrically connected with the controller.

Preferably, the water inlet valve is a first electromagnetic water valve, and the water outlet valve is a second electromagnetic water valve.

Preferably, a cooling fan is disposed at an upper portion of an inner side of the water tank, and the cooling fan is electrically connected to the controller.

According to a preferable scheme, the two water pumps are respectively a first water pump and a second water pump, a third electromagnetic water valve and a fourth electromagnetic water valve are respectively arranged on the side wall of the water tank, the third electromagnetic water valve is respectively connected with the water inlet valve and the first water pump through a water pipe, and the fourth electromagnetic water valve is respectively connected with the water outlet valve and the second water pump through the water pumps.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a temperature adjustment method for arc additive manufacturing, comprising the steps of:

s1, cooling water is injected into the additive manufacturing groove and the water groove, and the water level of the cooling water in the additive manufacturing groove reaches the substrate;

s2, starting the two water pumps, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve to form a circulating flow loop in which cooling water flows from the water tank to the additive manufacturing tank and then flows to the water tank;

s3, operating a welding gun, and performing additive manufacturing on the substrate;

s4, monitoring the water temperature in the additive manufacturing groove by using a temperature sensor and transmitting the water temperature to a controller, and comparing the water temperature with the water temperature preset in the controller to enable the controller to control the opening and closing of the two water pumps, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve; monitoring the water level height in the additive manufacturing groove by using a distance sensor and transmitting the water level height to a controller, wherein the water level height is compared with the water level height preset in the controller, so that the controller controls the opening and closing of the two water pumps, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve;

and S5, after the welding gun moves upwards and is closed for 3-6 minutes, the controller controls the two water pumps, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve to be closed.

Preferably, in step S2, the flow speed of the cooling water in the circulation flow circuit is 3L/min, and the water level in the additive manufacturing tank is kept constant.

Preferably, in step S3, the welding gun is connected to a welding power source, a robot system and a wire feeder; in step S3, before the welding gun is operated, the additive manufacturing software is used to perform path planning and layer calculation on the three-dimensional model to form an additive manufacturing operation program, and the additive manufacturing operation program is imported into the robot system.

Preferably, in step S3, the diameter of the welding wire of the welding gun is 1.2mm, and the material of the welding wire is aluminum alloy.

Preferably, in the step S4, the distance between the water level in the additive manufacturing tank and the molten pool is 25mm to 45 mm; in the step S4, the water temperature is 20-35 ℃.

Preferably, a cooling fan for increasing a cooling rate of the water temperature in the water tub is provided at an upper portion of the inside of the water tub, and the cooling fan is turned on in steps S2 to S5.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the temperature adjusting device for the electric arc additive manufacturing enables a substrate to be clamped and fixed through a clamp at the bottom of an additive manufacturing groove, a welding gun is arranged at the upper part of the substrate, a water inlet valve, a water outlet valve and two water pumps are controlled by a controller to enable cooling water in the additive manufacturing groove and a water tank to form a circulating flow loop, when the welding gun works, the welding gun directly carries out additive manufacturing on a base material, the circulating flow loop of the cooling water can utilize the cooling water to cool heat generated when the welding gun works, the temperature of materials with strong heat conductivity and large heat capacity such as aluminum alloy can be adjusted, and the problems of difficult forming and poor forming quality caused by high temperature are solved.

The temperature of the cooling water in the additive manufacturing tank is monitored by the temperature sensor, the temperature of the cooling water is controlled to be within a set range by the controller, the water level in the additive manufacturing tank is measured by the distance sensor to enable the water level to be within the set range, and therefore the water level of the additive manufacturing tank is conveniently controlled, and the temperature of the sample on the base material is optimally reduced.

The temperature regulating device for the electric arc additive manufacturing has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

The temperature adjusting method for the arc additive manufacturing can effectively control the interlayer temperature of the sample for additive manufacturing and improve the cooling speed of the sample; the method can be suitable for the process of arc additive manufacturing of various materials; the size of the cooling water tank can be designed according to the size of the additive manufacturing sample, and the flexibility is strong; the flow speed of the cooling water can be accurately adjusted and controlled, and the cooling effect is good.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature regulation device for arc additive manufacturing in an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, an additive manufacturing tank; 2. a water tank; 3. a clamp; 4. a welding gun; 5. a substrate; 6. a sample; 7. a water inlet valve; 8. a water outlet valve; 9. a water pump; 10. a temperature sensor; 11. a distance sensor; 12. and a cooling fan.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. It should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used herein to describe various information, but the information should not be limited to these terms, which are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, "first" information may also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information may also be referred to as "first" information, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

A preferred embodiment of the temperature adjustment device for arc additive manufacturing according to the present invention includes, as shown in fig. 1, an additive manufacturing tank 1 and a water tank 2, where the additive manufacturing tank 1 may be specifically a cooling water tank, the water tank 2 is specifically a water storage tank, a bracket 11 is fixed to a bottom of the additive manufacturing tank 1, a substrate 5 is provided on the bracket 11, the substrate 5 is fixed to the bracket 11 by a jig 3, a welding gun 4 of an additive manufacturing structure is located above the substrate 2, and the additive manufacturing structure operates to enable the welding gun 4 to perform additive molding manufacturing on the substrate 2.

Cooling water is added into the additive manufacturing groove 1 and the water groove 2, the water level of the cooling water is at the corresponding height of the base plate 5, and the water level of the cooling water is gradually increased by increasing the height of the additive-molded sample 6 along with the additive manufacturing work, so that the sample 6 is cooled. Specifically, a water inlet valve 7 and a water outlet valve 8 are respectively installed on two opposite sides of the additive manufacturing groove 1, two water pumps 9 are arranged in the water groove 2, the water inlet valve 7 and the water outlet valve 8 are respectively connected with one water pump 9 through water pipes, when the water inlet valve 7 and/or the water outlet valve 8 are/is opened, the water pumps 9 work to enable water in the additive manufacturing groove 4 to flow, and therefore the temperature of a sample in the additive manufacturing groove 4 can be reduced. The water inlet valve 7, the water outlet valve 8 and the two water pumps 9 are controlled to enable cooling water in the additive manufacturing groove 1 and the water tank 2 to form a circulating flow loop, when the welding gun 4 works, the welding gun 4 directly carries out additive manufacturing on the substrate 5, the circulating flow loop of the cooling water can cool heat generated when the welding gun 4 works by utilizing the cooling water, the temperature of materials with strong heat conductivity and large heat capacity such as aluminum alloy and the like can be adjusted, and the problems of difficult forming and poor forming quality caused by high temperature are solved.

Meanwhile, in order to further accurately control the water level and the water temperature in the additive manufacturing groove and conveniently and rapidly reduce the temperature of the sample, the upper part of the inner wall of the additive manufacturing groove 1 is also provided with a temperature sensor 10 and a distance sensor 11, a controller is arranged inside or outside the additive manufacturing groove 1, the water inlet valve 7, the water outlet valve 8, the temperature sensor 10 and the distance sensor 11 are all electrically connected with the controller, the temperature sensor 10 is used for monitoring the water temperature in the additive manufacturing groove and transmitting the water temperature to the controller, and the water temperature is compared with the preset water temperature in the controller, so that the controller controls the opening and closing of the two water pumps 9, the water inlet valve 7 and the water outlet valve 8; and monitoring the water level height in the additive manufacturing groove 1 by using the distance sensor 11 and transmitting the water level height to the controller, wherein the water level height is compared with the water level height preset in the controller, so that the controller controls the opening and closing of the two water pumps 9, the water inlet valve 7 and the water outlet valve 8. Therefore, the water temperature and the water level height in the additive manufacturing groove 1 can be accurately controlled, so that the cooling water can rapidly cool the sample, the cooling speed is increased, and the additive manufacturing quality and efficiency are improved.

Specifically, the water inlet valve 7 is a first electromagnetic water valve, the water outlet valve 8 is a second electromagnetic water valve, and the first electromagnetic water valve and the second electromagnetic water valve are both in point connection with the controller.

A cooling fan 12 is installed at an upper portion of the inside of the water tank 2, the cooling fan 12 is electrically connected to the controller, and the cooling fan 12 is used for cooling the water in the water tank 2 to increase the cooling rate of the water in the water tank 2.

The two water pumps 9 are respectively a first water pump and a second water pump, a third electromagnetic water valve and a fourth electromagnetic water valve are respectively arranged on the side wall of the water tank 2, the third electromagnetic water valve is respectively connected with the water inlet valve 7 and the first water pump through a water pipe, and the fourth electromagnetic water valve is respectively connected with the water outlet valve 8 and the second water pump through the water pumps. The third electromagnetic water valve and the fourth electromagnetic water valve are used for controlling the flow of the water in the water tank 2 to be opened and closed.

A preferred embodiment of a temperature adjusting method for arc additive manufacturing, which applies the temperature adjusting device for arc additive manufacturing, comprises the following steps: s1, mounting and positioning the aluminum alloy substrate with the thickness of 20mm on a clamp, injecting cooling water into the additive manufacturing groove and the water groove, and enabling the water level of the cooling water in the additive manufacturing groove to reach the substrate;

s2, starting the two water pumps, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve to form a circulating flow loop in which cooling water flows from the water tank to the additive manufacturing tank and then flows to the water tank, wherein the flow speed of the cooling water in the circulating flow loop is 3L/min, and the water level in the additive manufacturing tank is kept unchanged; thus, the circulating flow loop drives the cooling water after the temperature rise in the additive manufacturing tank to flow back to the water tank for cooling, and the cooling water after the cooling in the water tank can enter the additive manufacturing tank to cool the sample.

S3, connecting the welding gun with a welding power supply, the robot system and the wire feeding mechanism; and performing path planning and layered calculation on the three-dimensional model by using additive manufacturing software to form an additive manufacturing operation program, and importing the additive manufacturing operation program into the robot system. And the robot system controls a welding gun to work to perform additive manufacturing, wherein the diameter of a welding wire of the welding gun is 1.2mm, and the welding wire is made of aluminum alloy. Because materials such as aluminum alloy have that the heat conductivity is strong and thermal capacity is big, have that the coefficient of linear expansion is great, the melting point is low and high temperature intensity is little characteristics, adopt this application circulation flow return circuit can be timely the reduction shaping sample's temperature, improve the shaping quality and the efficiency of sample.

S4, monitoring the water temperature in the additive manufacturing groove by using a temperature sensor and transmitting the water temperature to a controller, comparing the water temperature with the preset water temperature in the controller, and enabling the controller to control the opening and closing of two water pumps, a water inlet valve and a water outlet valve so as to realize stable control of the temperature of cooling water, and enabling the water temperature in the additive manufacturing groove to be controlled at 20-35 ℃ so as to enable the molding temperature of a sample to be lower and facilitate the molding of the sample; monitoring the water level height in the additive manufacturing groove by using a distance sensor and transmitting the water level height to a controller, wherein the water level height is compared with the water level height preset in the controller, so that the controller controls the opening and closing of the two water pumps, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve; specifically, the distance between the water level in the additive manufacturing tank and the molten pool is 25-45 mm, namely the position where the electric arc melts the material, so that the stable control of the water level height in the additive manufacturing tank is realized.

And S5, finishing the operation of the additive manufacturing program, moving the welding gun upwards and closing the welding gun, raising the cooling water level to submerge the whole sample, or not submerging the workpiece or the sample, and keeping the cooling water to circularly flow until the controller controls the two water pumps, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve to be closed after the cooling water continues to circularly cool for 3-6 minutes, preferably 5 minutes, and finishing the additive manufacturing process.

The temperature adjusting method for the arc additive manufacturing can effectively control the interlayer temperature of the sample for additive manufacturing and improve the cooling speed of the sample; the method can be suitable for the process of arc additive manufacturing of various materials; the size of the cooling water tank can be designed according to the size of the additive manufacturing sample, and the flexibility is strong; the flow speed of the cooling water can be accurately adjusted and controlled, and the cooling effect is good.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.