A novel waters measurement robot for colliery subsidence district water resource monitoring
阅读说明：本技术 一种用于煤矿沉陷区水资源监测的新型水域测量机器人 (A novel waters measurement robot for colliery subsidence district water resource monitoring ) 是由 叶伟 牛玉亭 张坤 陈从磊 卢克东 牛亚超 李科 于 2019-11-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种用于煤矿沉陷区水资源监测的新型水域测量机器人,它由地面基准站、遥控器和测量机器人三大部分组成。地面基准站与测量机器人之间通过GPS、捷联惯性导航进行信号、数据传输和自动控制；遥控器在复杂水域对测量机器人进行控制。在根据沉陷水域的复杂程度划分的开阔水域和漂浮障碍物水域中,测量机器人工作状态分别是水上和水下。本发明是一种考虑矿区沉陷水域复杂环境,将GPS技术、捷联惯性导航技术、声波测深技术、试剂法检测水质技术相结合的多功能测量机器人,具有体积小、易运输的优点。通过设定机器人的航线和工作状态可获得矿区特殊水域环境下的包括水深、水下地形、水质等多种水资源数据,为矿区水资源合理利用提供一种良好的监测平台。(A novel water area measuring robot for monitoring water resources in a coal mine subsidence area is composed of a ground reference station, a remote controller and a measuring robot. The ground reference station and the measuring robot transmit signals and data and automatically control through a GPS and a strapdown inertial navigation; the remote controller controls the measuring robot in a complex water area. In an open water area and a floating obstacle water area which are divided according to the complexity of a sunken water area, the working states of the measuring robot are above water and below water respectively. The invention relates to a multifunctional measuring robot which considers the complex environment of a sunk water area in a mining area and combines a GPS technology, a strapdown inertial navigation technology, a sound wave depth sounding technology and a reagent method water quality detection technology, and has the advantages of small volume and easy transportation. By setting the flight path and the working state of the robot, various water resource data including water depth, underwater topography, water quality and the like in the special water area environment of the mining area can be obtained, and a good monitoring platform is provided for reasonable utilization of water resources of the mining area.)
1. A novel water area measuring robot for monitoring water resources in a coal mine subsidence area is characterized by comprising a ground reference station, a remote controller and the novel water area measuring robot; the novel water area measuring robot is arranged in water, the ground reference station is connected with the measuring robot through a GPS signal and a data communication signal, wireless transmission and wireless communication are achieved, and the novel water area measuring robot is controlled to conduct data acquisition through the ground reference station or a remote controller; the working state of the measuring robot is divided into an overwater state and an underwater state, when the water surface of a sunk water area is wide and has no obstacles, the measuring robot is in the overwater working state, and when large-area weeds cover or net cages and other floating obstacles exist on the water, the measuring robot is in the underwater working state. The method comprises the following steps that a route planning mode is adopted during both overwater operation and underwater operation of a large-area open water area, and the control is carried out by a reference station; when the device is used for measuring small water areas and river type water areas, a remote controller mode is adopted, and the device is manually controlled by a remote controller.
2. The novel water area measuring robot for monitoring the water resources of the sunken water area as claimed in claim 1 consists of three parts, namely a ground reference station, a remote controller and a measuring robot. The relationship between the three is: the novel water area measuring robot works in a sunk water area, the ground reference station is assumed to be on a ground control point, the reference station and the measuring robot are connected through a GPS signal and a radio data communication signal, the measuring robot is controlled, the measuring robot is mainly controlled by the ground reference station, and the remote controller performs auxiliary control.
3. A reference station according to claim 2, wherein the reference station is formed from a plastics housing, basic external structures and 10 main internal modules. Outside plastic casing is handstand positive quadrangular frustum pyramid formula shape, and outside basic structure includes the power, the menu, and the little keyboard is controlled to the robot, and the circular level ware, the pipe level ware, the connecting hole, liquid crystal display, GPS reference station antenna are tower column structure, and the outside scribbles waterproof material. The 12 main internal structures are a GPS module, a data storage module, a data management module, a program setting module, a robot control module, a mode planning module, a strapdown inertial navigation control module, a screen display module, a speed control module, a map searching module, a GPS connection module and a robot control connection module respectively.
The battery pack of the reference station adopts a come GEB242 lithium battery, the battery box is designed according to the shape of the battery, and a proper circuit wire is selected according to the power supply condition of the battery.
The menu bar can call out a program setting interface, a data management interface, a robot control interface, a mode planning interface, a speed setting interface, a newly-built folder and operation interface, a GPS connection interface and a robot control connection interface.
The external micro keyboard of the reference station consists of a numeric keyboard of 0-9, # and two symbol keys, an alphabetic keyboard of A-Z, upper, lower, left and right direction keys and backspacing keys. The switching selection between numbers and letters is not needed, and the method is convenient and quick.
The optical centering device is manufactured by a Zhonghaida GPS base, and is mainly used for aligning the center of a GPS system in a reference station with the center of a control point of the reference station.
The circular level is manufactured by a come card total station and is mainly used for roughly leveling a reference station.
The pipe level is a pipe level manufactured by a come card total station and is mainly used for accurately leveling a reference station.
The liquid crystal display screen adopts a dot matrix LCD liquid crystal display screen, the model is QMLY631, the liquid crystal display screen is installed in a groove at the upper left of a pipe level device of a plastic shell, and the display screen is connected with a program setting module, a data management module, a robot control module, a mode planning module, a map searching module, a speed control module and the like through data lines. The related programs are connected through data lines. The surface of the liquid crystal display screen is designed by adopting a layer of waterproof and waterproof protective film so as to meet the requirement of still working in rainy weather.
The GPS system of the reference station adopts a main module in a midsea iRTK host and is fixed in the reference station, and a communication antenna of the GPS system is fixed at the top end of a plastic shell.
The data storage system is a database system, can share data with the reference station and can transmit data to the data storage system of the reference station, and then the data is exported by the SD card of the reference station.
The speed control system mainly controls the water spraying speed of the water spraying device of the robot by setting related programs so as to control the navigation speed.
The mode planning system mainly comprises a route planning module and a remote controller control module, and the route planning module comprises an embedded map search system and a route planning system. During actual measurement, if a route planning mode is selected, searching a water area according to an embedded map, planning a navigation route according to the shape and the range of the water area and setting a corresponding navigation speed; if the remote controller control mode is selected, the navigation route and the navigation speed are controlled by the remote controller. The route planning mode has an executable priority signal feedback mechanism, namely, the measurement robot receives a feedback signal after finishing automatic obstacle avoidance to ensure that the measurement robot still navigates according to the originally set route.
The strapdown inertial navigation system adopts a strapdown inertial navigation system NATO SNIS based on a ring laser gyro technology, the inertial navigation system adopts 3 airborne grade ring laser gyros and 3 high-precision force feedback pendulum accelerometers, the inertial instruments are packaged in sensors, and a single temperature sensor is used for online real-time temperature compensation of the gyros and the accelerometers. When the system is used for measuring on the water surface, the system can receive positioning update provided by a GPS rover, and a Kalman filter integrated in the system processes the information to be used for assisting the navigation of an inertial navigation system and restraining the accumulated error of the system time.
4. The remote control of claim 2, wherein the remote control is divided into an external configuration and an internal module. The appearance structure comprises a direction control rod, a battery pack box, a power supply key, a buoyancy size control knob, a speed control knob and a hovering control switch. The internal structure of the remote controller consists of a direction control system, a circuit system, a buoyancy control system and a speed control system. The scale marked on the buoyancy control knob is the diving depth which can be kept by the corresponding buoyancy, and the appropriate diving depth can be set by rotating the buoyancy control knob according to the actual investigation result.
The battery used by the remote controller adopts a universal No. 5 Nanfu battery.
5. A measuring robot as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the measuring robot comprises a titanium alloy housing, basic outer structures and 12 main inner structures. The external titanium alloy shell is a whale-like UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) type shell, and the basic external structure comprises an engine cover, an anti-collision rubber guardrail, a GPS (global position system) mobile station, a GPS moving rod, a transmission antenna, a water jet propeller, an ion detector, a GPS-robot connecting line, a buoyancy air bag and a waterproof connecting port. The internal structure is respectively a strapdown inertial navigation module, a sound wave depth measurement module, an obstacle detector, an automatic obstacle avoidance module, a data transmission module, a multi-ion probe water quality detection module, a buoyancy control module, a battery pack box, a robot control receiving module and a fault forecasting module.
The anti-collision rubber guardrail adopts natural rubber as the main material source of the anti-collision rubber guardrail, and can effectively reduce vibration and prevent collision.
The GPS system in the GPS rover station adopts a main system and a part in a Zhonghaida iRTK receiver, connecting line interfaces of the GPS and the robot are respectively positioned at the bottom of the rover station and at the edge of a shell above the robot, and an interface on the robot carries out water-resisting measure processing.
The GPS mobile rod is made of light carbon steel pipes, and connectors are arranged at the upper part and the lower part and are respectively connected with the GPS mobile station and the robot shell.
The transmission antenna adopts tower structure, and the outside scribbles waterproof material, adopts water proof flight spiral shell piece with the shell kneck of robot, prevents the inside water of robot.
The water jet propeller is powered by a water pump, sucks water from a bottom hole at the lower end of the tail part of the robot, discharges the water from the rear direction of the tail part of the robot through a water delivery pipe, and propels the ship by the reaction force of the water. The novel water area measuring robot with the water jet propeller has good maneuverability, can conveniently steer, has good maneuverability, is not influenced by draught of the water jet propeller, and can sail in shallow water areas.
The multi-ion detector/multi-ion probe water quality detection module adopts various input type ion detectors for detecting the content of elements such as dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll A, ammonia nitrogen and the like in a water body, the input type ion detectors can output RS485 signals, the anti-interference performance is high, the transmission distance is long, the data transmission adopts a Modbus communication protocol, and the Modbus communication protocol can be integrated and networked with other devices. Four ion detectors for measuring dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll A, ammonia nitrogen compound and cadmium are installed together.
The buoyancy control system consists of an air inflation and deflation air bag, an ellipsoidal plastic fixed shell, a magnetic air inflation and deflation piston and a relay for controlling the movement of the piston. The piston of the buoyancy control bladder is capable of controlling the amount of air released in the remote control buoyancy control knob to ensure different diving depths, with maximum buoyancy ensuring that half of the robot body is above the water surface.
The strapdown inertial navigation module adopts a strapdown inertial navigation system NATO SNIS based on a ring laser gyro technology, the inertial navigation system adopts 3 airborne grade ring laser gyros and 3 high-precision force feedback pendulum accelerometers, the inertial instruments are packaged in sensors, and a single temperature sensor is used for online real-time temperature compensation of the gyros and the accelerometers. When the system is used for measuring on the water surface, the system can receive positioning update provided by a GPS rover, and a Kalman filter integrated in the system processes the information to be used for assisting the navigation of an inertial navigation system and restraining the accumulated error of the system time.
The sound wave depth measurement module adopts a split type sound wave depth measurement instrument with the model of MH-SY/SF as a depth measurement system to be packaged inside a plastic shell of the measuring robot, wherein a sound wave transducer needs to be inserted into water, the sound wave transducer is exposed when being installed, and a waterproof rubber ring is arranged around the sound wave transducer to ensure the absolute water-free state inside the shell of the robot. The maximum working water velocity of the depth finder is 3m/s, so that the flight path velocity of the robot needs to be controlled well according to the actually measured water velocity data during measurement.
The obstacle detector/automatic obstacle avoidance module adopts a radar ranging radar anti-collision scheme, namely, 1+ N ranging radars, a long-distance ranging radar and N medium-short distance ranging radars are combined to serve as an obstacle detection and anti-collision system of the measuring robot. And after the automatic obstacle avoidance is finished, an automatic obstacle avoidance finishing feedback signal is transmitted to the reference station system.
The data transmission module is connected with the data storage module, the transmission antenna, the GPS-robot connecting line and the power line through data lines.
And the robot control receiving module is connected with the transmission antenna and the GPS robot connecting line through a data line.
The fault forecasting module is mainly divided into an electric power supply abnormity alarm.
6. A measuring robot as claimed in claim 5, wherein the whale-shaped shell is mainly used for facilitating the robot to move more smoothly in water and reducing the resistance of the water body.
7. The measuring robot as claimed in claim 5, which adopts the titanium alloy casing to greatly reduce the self weight of the measuring robot, facilitate the carrying, and reduce the volume occupied by the air bag when providing the maximum buoyancy; the titanium alloy and the steel have the same strength and the memory function, can effectively absorb the shock generated by collision, well protects internal devices, and can recover the original state even if the outside has small deformation after collision.
8. The novel water area measuring robot for monitoring the water resources in the coal mine subsidence area as claimed in claim 1 can detect the water quality of different depths in a large open water area, and further draw water quality distribution maps of different depths by using related software, thereby providing more complete and abundant data information for engineering application and scientific research.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel water area measuring robot for monitoring water resources in a coal mine subsidence area, which is a multifunctional underwater robot for monitoring the water depth, the storage capacity and the water quality of water resources in complex water areas such as a subsidence water area and the like.
Background
With the increase of the mining intensity of the nation on coal resources, a large-scale coal mining subsidence water area appears in a high diving place area along a Huai zone. In order to reasonably develop and utilize water resources of the subsided water area, such as deep digging and shallow filling, artificial fishery, reservoir establishment and the like, not only water depth data but also data of water volume, water quality and the like are needed, so that a guiding effect is played for reasonably developing and utilizing the subsided water area.
The acquisition of water depth data and water quality data is of great significance to engineering construction such as reservoir construction, artificial fishery development, water area change farmland and the like; and the method also shows great economic benefits and human benefits in the aspect of resisting flood disasters. With the development of the current GPS technology, strapdown inertial navigation technology and sound wave depth sounding technology, the adopted water depth data acquisition is the combination of the GPS-RTK technology, the GPS-RTK technology has the working principle that a base station is in communication connection with a GPS rover station on a measuring robot, acquired observation values and coordinate data are transmitted to the rover station, the rover station forms differential observation values by the data transmitted by the base station and the GPS observation values to process in real time, and the original positioning result with the accuracy can be achieved. The GPS is used for acquiring plane coordinates, the sound wave depth sounding device is used for acquiring corresponding water depth data, and the water reservoir capacity and the underwater topography can be acquired by combining a water distribution map and ArcGIS software. Under the condition of large-area weed coverage or cage fish culture in a sunk water area, underwater operation is required, and water depth data are acquired by combining a strapdown inertial navigation technology and an acoustic depth sounding technology. During underwater operation, the draft of the floating objects on the water surface needs to be investigated in advance to determine the submergence depth of the measuring robot, an underwater navigation route of the measuring robot is planned according to a water distribution diagram, the underwater acquired water depth data are two depths of the measuring robot reaching the water bottom and the water surface, and the actual water depth is the sum of the two depths. The water quality detection adopts various input type ion detectors for detecting the content of elements such as dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll A, ammonia nitrogen and the like in a water body, the input type ion detectors can output RS485 signals, the anti-interference performance is high, the transmission distance is long, the data transmission adopts a Modbus communication protocol, and the Modbus communication protocol can be integrated and networked with other equipment.
The automatic obstacle avoidance system is arranged on the measuring robot, so that the influence of complex overwater and underwater hydrological environments in a sunk water area on measurement can be overcome.
The measuring robot is widely used for water and underwater work, can work all weather, and can also replace human beings to finish work under severe limit conditions. Meanwhile, risk cost and labor cost can be reduced by using the robot. Although small-sized equipment for measuring water areas such as unmanned ships and the like exists at the present stage, the equipment is still difficult to adapt to the measurement in complex environments of sunk water areas in mining areas, and cannot automatically avoid obstacles and perform diving measurement, and the simultaneous acquisition of water depth and water quality data cannot be completed. The small-sized ROV underwater robot is used as a platform for carrying a GPS, a strapdown inertial navigation system, an ion detection system, a sound wave depth measurement system and an automatic obstacle avoidance system to carry out water depth measurement and water quality detection of a sunk water area in a mining area, so that an original unmanned ship is difficult to measure, the water area needing manual investigation and the work needing to measure water quality are changed into the water depth measurement and water quality measurement which can be finished by only 1-2 people and one underwater measurement robot, the manpower and material resources are saved, the cost is saved, the safety risk is reduced, and the small-sized ROV underwater robot has higher economic and social benefits and environmental benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose is as follows: the invention aims to provide a novel measuring robot for detecting water depth data and water quality of a sunk water area, which is a multifunctional robot integrating a GPS technology, a strapdown inertial navigation technology, an acoustic sounding technology and an ion water quality detection technology, is mainly used for acquiring water depth, water body storage capacity and water body quality data required by hydraulic engineering and mining area sunk water area treatment engineering, provides data reference for utilization and treatment work of the sunk water area, and provides basic data for development of scientific research activities.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to an underwater measuring robot for monitoring water resources in a sunken water area, which consists of a ground reference station and a measuring robot. The relationship between the two is: the ground base station system is on the shore, the measuring robot is in water, the ground base station is connected with the robot system through wireless communication, and the robot system is controlled to work through the ground base station system; the working state of the measuring robot is divided into an above-water state and an underwater state. When the water area is wide, the robot is in an overwater operation state, and when the water surface has large-area weeds or obstacles such as net cages, the robot is in an underwater operation state.
Appearance structure of the reference station: the appearance of the reference station comprises a right square table type plastic shell with an inverted upside down, a liquid crystal display screen, a miniature keyboard, an optical centering device, a circular level device, a pipe level device, a power supply key, a mode selection key, a battery pack box, a signal transmission/receiving antenna, a base station foot rest connecting hole and a data transmission interface.
The internal structure of the reference station is as follows: the internal structure of the reference station comprises a Zhonghaida GPS system, a data storage system, a data management system, a program setting module, a robot control system, a mode planning system, a strapdown inertial navigation control system, a screen display system, a speed control system, a GPS connection system and a robot control connection system.
A GPS system: the GPS system of the reference station adopts a main module in a midsea iRTK host and is fixed inside the reference station, a communication antenna of the GPS system is fixed at the top end of a plastic shell, and power supply is supplied from a battery pack box.
Other internal structures: the data storage module is an SD card and is inserted on the internal mainboard and can be detached; the data management system, the program setting module, the robot control module, the mode planning module, the strapdown inertial navigation control module and the screen display module are integrated on the single chip microcomputer chip through program design and are installed inside the plastic shell of the reference station.
A mode planning system: the mode planning system in the reference station consists of a route planning mode and a remote controller mode.
A route planning mode: the airline planning mode system is composed of both an embedded map search system and an airline planning system.
Robot remote controller outward appearance: the appearance structure of the remote controller comprises a direction control lever, a battery pack box, a power supply key, a buoyancy control knob, a speed control knob, a hovering control switch and a turbine power device falling button.
The internal structure of the robot remote controller is as follows: the internal structure of the remote controller consists of a direction control system, a circuit system, a buoyancy control system and a speed control system.
Novel water area measurement robot outward appearance: the appearance structure of the measuring robot comprises a UAV type titanium alloy shell, a hood, waterproof screws, anti-collision rubber guardrails, a GPS mobile station, a GPS mobile rod, a transmission antenna and a water jet propeller.
Novel water area measurement robot inner structure: the internal system of the robot comprises a strapdown inertial navigation system, a sound wave depth measurement system, an obstacle detector, an automatic obstacle avoidance system, a data transmission system, a multi-ion probe water quality detection system, a buoyancy control device, a battery pack, a robot control receiving system, a fault forecasting system and a water-stop plate.
GPS rover modular structure: the GPS mobile station adopts the second generation of the Zhonghaida GPS iRTK and is provided with a ship control transmission line connected with a ship.
A buoyancy control module (an inflation and deflation structure: completed by a remote control device): the buoyancy control system consists of an air inflation and deflation air bag, an ellipsoidal plastic fixed shell, a magnetic air inflation and deflation piston and a relay for controlling the movement of the piston. The piston of the buoyancy control bladder is capable of controlling the amount of air released in the remote control buoyancy control knob to ensure different diving depths, with maximum buoyancy ensuring that half of the robot body is above the water surface.
The structure of the strapdown inertial navigation system: the inertial navigation system adopts a strapdown inertial navigation system NATO SNIS based on the ring laser gyro technology, the inertial navigation system adopts 3 airborne grade ring laser gyros and 3 high-precision force feedback pendulum accelerometers, the inertial instruments are packaged in sensors, and a single temperature sensor is used for online real-time temperature compensation of the gyros and the accelerometers. When the system is used for measuring on the water surface, the system can receive positioning update provided by a GPS rover, and a Kalman filter integrated in the system processes the information to be used for assisting the navigation of an inertial navigation system and restraining the accumulated error of the system time.
The structure of the acoustic sounding system is as follows: the split type sound wave depth finder with the model number of MH-SY/SF is used as a depth finding system to be packaged inside a titanium alloy shell of the measuring robot, wherein the sound wave transducer needs to be inserted into water, the sound wave transducer is exposed when the measuring robot is installed, and a waterproof rubber ring is arranged around the sound wave transducer to ensure the absolute water-free state inside the shell of the measuring robot. The maximum working water velocity of the depth finder is 3m/s, so that the flight path velocity of the robot needs to be controlled well according to the actually measured water velocity data during measurement.
Obstacle detector/automatic obstacle avoidance system: adopt the anti-collision scheme of nano-Rake science and technology range radar, adopt 1+ N range radar promptly, a long distance range radar and N medium and short distance range radar make up as the obstacle detection and the anticollision system of measuring robot.
Drop-in ion detector structure: the water quality detection adopts various input type ion detectors for detecting the content of elements such as dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll A, ammonia nitrogen and the like in a water body, the input type ion detectors can output RS485 signals, the anti-interference performance is high, the transmission distance is long, the data transmission adopts a Modbus communication protocol, and the Modbus communication protocol can be integrated and networked with other equipment. Four ion detectors for measuring dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll A, ammonia nitrogen compound and cadmium are installed together.
Measuring the robot power plant (waterjet): the water jet propeller is powered by water pump to suck water from the bottom hole of ship and to discharge water via the side pipe from the back of ship.
The working principle is described (water depth measurement, water body storage capacity, underwater topography and water quality measurement): before measurement, classifying the water areas according to the actual conditions of the water areas, and dividing the water areas into a large-area open water area, a complex water area with barriers on the water surface and a small-size common water area; utilize laser centering ware to let reference station measurement center aim at GPS datum point center, recycle round level ware and carry out rough flattening, utilize the pipe spirit level ware to carry out the essence level, start behind the centering flattening, newly-built measurement file presss from both sides, set up relevant parameter after, select the measurement mode, to the route planning mode, need search waters map, and carry out the route planning, utilize electron handbook to connect reference station and GPS mobile station, treat that the signal is fixed, establish communication connection between reference station and the robot again, set up dive degree of depth and navigation speed, just can let novel waters measurement robot launch. Novel waters measuring robot is according to the route of navigating or by the navigation of remote controller control, and data acquisition density generally sets to the 5m interval, and GPS mobile station fixes a position in order to ensure the accuracy nature of measuring the interval, and every 5m passes through the sound wave depth finder and gathers degree of depth data to gather the quality of water data of corresponding position through ion detector. For large-area net cage coverage on water surface, house construction and other water areas, the draught depth of the net cage and the distribution position of a house need to be investigated in advance, so that the average diving depth and route planning are set before measurement, and the measurement task can be completed under the condition of avoiding partial obstacles by combining the automatic obstacle avoidance function of a measurement robot. And (4) by using water depth data and combining ArcGIS software, importing the water distribution map, and calculating the storage capacity of the water area and constructing the underwater topography. And drawing a water quality evaluation graph according to the water quality data and comprehensively analyzing the time-space evolution rule of the heavy metal in the subsided water area by utilizing multi-stage data.
The advantages and the effects are as follows: the invention adopts the combination of the ground base station system, the remote control system and the novel water area measuring robot, controls the measuring robot in multiple aspects, adopts buoyancy control in different ranges to adapt to the requirements of different diving depths of the sunk water area, integrates water quality detection into the water depth measuring robot, can simultaneously complete the measurement of water depth and water quality, and saves manpower, financial resources and material resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a ground reference station;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the inventive robot;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the inventive robot;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the inventive robot;
① power source ② menu ③ robot control micro keyboard ④ circular level ⑤ pipe level
⑥ connecting hole ⑦ liquid crystal display ⑧ GPS
Fig. 5 is a ground base station internal module architecture;
FIG. 6 shows the internal structure of the remote controller;
fig. 7 is an internal structure of the novel water area measuring robot.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to an underwater measuring robot for monitoring water resources in a sunken water area, which consists of a ground reference station and a measuring robot. The relationship between the two is: the ground base station system is on the shore, the measuring robot is in water, the ground base station is connected with the robot system through wireless communication, and the robot system is controlled to work through the ground base station system; the working state of the measuring robot is divided into an above-water state and an underwater state. When the water area is wide, the robot is in an overwater operation state, and when the water surface has large-area weeds or obstacles such as net cages, the robot is in an underwater operation state.
The base station mainly comprises a plastic shell, a plurality of basic external structures and 10 main internal modules, wherein the external plastic shell is in an inverted right-square frustum shape, the external basic structure comprises an ① power supply, a ② menu, a ③ robot control micro keyboard, a ④ circular level, a ⑤ pipe level, ⑥ connecting holes, a ⑦ liquid crystal display screen, a ⑧ GPS base station antenna and is in a tower-shaped structure, waterproof materials are coated on the outside of the tower-shaped structure, the 10 main internal structures are respectively a GPS module, a data storage module, a data management module, a program setting module, a communication module, a ship control module, a mode planning module, a strapdown inertial navigation control module, a screen display module and a speed control module.
The robot remote controller is divided into an external structure and an internal module. The appearance structure comprises a direction control rod, a battery pack box, a power supply key, a buoyancy size control knob, a speed control knob, a hovering control switch and a turbine power device falling button. The internal structure of the remote controller consists of a direction control system, a circuit system, a buoyancy control system and a speed control system. The scale marked on the buoyancy control knob is the diving depth which can be kept by the corresponding buoyancy, and the appropriate diving depth can be set by rotating the buoyancy control knob according to the actual investigation result.
Reference station battery pack type: a Leica GEB242 lithium battery is adopted, a battery box is designed according to the shape of the battery, and a proper circuit wire is selected according to the power supply condition of the battery. Battery used for remote controller: the remote controller adopts a universal No. 5 Nanfu battery.
Menu ② may call out a program setup interface, a data management interface, a robot control interface, a mode planning interface, a speed setup interface, a new folder, and a job interface.
The robot control micro keyboard ③ is composed of a numeric keyboard, an alphabetic keyboard, two symbol keys, # and x, a direction key and a clear key.
Circular level ④ type, circular level manufactured by Leica total station.
Pipe level ⑤ type pipe level manufactured by a come card total station.
The liquid crystal display ⑦ adopts dot matrix LCD liquid crystal display, model QMLY631, and is installed in the groove at the upper left of the tube level device of the plastic shell, and the display is connected with the program setting module, the data management module, the robot control module, the mode planning module, the map search module, the speed control module and the like through data lines.
The GPS system of the reference station adopts a main module in a midsea iRTK host and is fixed inside the reference station, a communication antenna of the GPS system is fixed at the top end of a plastic shell, and power supply is supplied from a battery pack box.
The data storage module in the reference station is an SD card which is inserted on the internal mainboard and can be detached
The speed control system in the reference station mainly controls the water spraying speed of the water spraying device of the robot by setting related programs so as to control the navigation speed.
The mode planning system in the reference station mainly comprises a route planning module and a remote controller control module, wherein the route planning module comprises an embedded map search system and a route planning system. During actual measurement, if a route planning mode is selected, searching a water area according to an embedded map, planning a navigation route according to the shape and the range of the water area and setting a corresponding navigation speed, and after the automatic obstacle avoidance is finished through a design program, the route planning mode has priority after a reference station receives a feedback signal, so that the measuring robot still designs routes according to the original route; if the remote controller control mode is selected, the navigation route and the navigation speed are controlled by the remote controller.
The novel water area measuring robot comprises a titanium alloy shell, a plurality of basic external structures and 12 main internal structures. The external titanium alloy shell is a whale-like UAV-shaped shell, and the basic external structure comprises
The novel water area measuring robot's anti-collision rubber guardrailThe natural rubber is used as the main material source of the anti-collision rubber guardrail, so that effective shock absorption and anti-collision are ensured.
The GPS system in the
The novel water area measurementGPS mobile rod of measuring robot
The novel water area measuring robot's transmission antennaAdopts a tower structure, and the outside is coated with waterproof materials.
The novel water area measuring robot's water jet propeller
The data storage system in the novel water area measuring robot is a database system, can share data with a reference station and can transmit data to the data storage system of the reference station, and then the data is derived by an SD card of the reference station.
The multi-ion probe of the new water area measuring robot
The buoyancy control system of the novel water area measuring robot consists of an air inflation and deflation air bag
The strapdown inertial navigation system of the novel water area measuring robot adopts a strapdown inertial navigation system NATO SNIS based on an annular laser gyro technology, the inertial navigation system adopts 3 airborne grade annular laser gyros and 3 high-precision force feedback pendulum accelerometers, the inertial instruments are packaged in sensors, and a single temperature sensor is used for online real-time temperature compensation of the gyros and the accelerometers. When the system is used for measuring on the water surface, the system can receive positioning update provided by a GPS rover, and a Kalman filter integrated in the system processes the information to be used for assisting the navigation of an inertial navigation system and restraining the accumulated error of the system time.
This novel waters measurement robot's sound wave depth measurement system adopts the split type sound wave depth measurement appearance that the model is MH-SY/SF to encapsulate inside measurement robot's plastic casing as the depth measurement system, and wherein sound wave transducer need insert the aquatic, when the installation, exposes sound wave transducer to adopt waterproof rubber circle around, ensure the inside absolute anhydrous state of robot casing. The maximum working water velocity of the depth finder is 3m/s, so that the flight path velocity of the robot needs to be controlled well according to the actually measured water velocity data during measurement.
This novel obstacle detector/automatic obstacle avoidance module of waters measurement robot adopts the anti-collision scheme of nano-thunder technology range radar, adopts 1+ N range radar promptly, a long distance range radar and N short-and-medium range radar, and 100 meters ~ 450 meters long distance radar can be selected to the long distance, and anticollision is just being realized to the realization, according to coverage area and boats and ships variation in size, can select N short-and-medium range radar according to actual conditions, realizes 360 no dead angles protections of boats and ships. The middle-distance measuring radar adopts an SP70C model, is a 24GHz middle-distance radar sensor, adopts an FMCW system, can measure the distance, the speed and the angle of a target, has the highest refresh rate of 50Hz, simultaneously detects 8 targets, has the angle coverage range of 100 degrees, the effective detection range of 0.5 m-50 m, the lowest recognition speed of 0.1m/s and the effective speed measuring range of +/-70 m/s. And after the automatic obstacle avoidance is finished, the measuring robot transmits an automatic obstacle avoidance finishing feedback signal to the reference station, the reference station executes a priority program, and the measuring robot continues to sail according to the originally set route according to the priority of the route planning program to measure.
The data transmission module of the novel water area measuring robot is respectively connected with the data storage module, the transmission antenna, the GPS-robot connecting line and the power line through data lines.
The control receiving module of the novel water area measuring robot is connected with the transmission antenna and the GPS robot connecting line through a data line.
The fault forecasting module of the novel water area measuring robot is mainly divided into an electric power supply abnormity alarm.
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