阅读说明：本技术 硫酸镍/氨基磺酸镍电镀液联合电镀金刚石滚轮的方法 (Method for electroplating diamond roller by combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solution ) 是由 刘权 李宁 何立民 王腾峤 亓鹏 于 2021-08-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明的硫酸镍/氨基磺酸镍电镀液联合电镀金刚石滚轮的方法,属于金刚石滚轮电镀技术领域。步骤如下：取阴模作为电镀阴极,连接电源负极,电镀槽内阳极与电源正极相连接后,阴模置于电镀槽镀液内；采用硫酸镍镀液进行一次电镀,电流密度为1.1-1.4A/dm～(2),电镀时间为3-6d；采用氨基磺酸镍镀液进行二次3-4段式梯度电镀,电流密度为3-7A/dm～(2),单段电镀电流密度逐段升高,梯度间隔为0.5-2A A/dm～(2),电镀时间为2-3周,完成二次电镀,获得带有复合镀层的阴模。本发明采用的特定联合电镀技术,保证金刚石与阴模內表面紧密贴合,提高镀层生产效率,且降低镀层内应力对金刚石滚轮型面尺寸精度影响,大幅提高产品质量。(The invention discloses a method for electroplating a diamond roller by combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solution, and belongs to the technical field of diamond roller electroplating. The method comprises the following steps: taking the female die as an electroplating cathode, connecting the female die with a power supply cathode, and placing the female die in the electroplating bath after an anode in the electroplating bath is connected with a power supply anode; adopting nickel sulfate plating solution to carry out primary electroplating with current density of 1.1-1.4A/dm 2 The electroplating time is 3-6 d; adopting nickel sulfamate plating solution to carry out secondary 3-4 stage type gradient electroplating with the current density of 3-7A/dm 2 The single-section electroplating current density is increased section by section, and the gradient interval is 0.5-2A A/dm 2 The electroplating time is 2-3 weeks, and secondary electroplating is finished to obtain the composite materialAnd (4) a female die of the coating. The special combined electroplating technology adopted by the invention ensures that the diamond is tightly attached to the inner surface of the female die, the production efficiency of the coating is improved, the influence of the internal stress of the coating on the dimensional precision of the profile of the diamond roller is reduced, and the product quality is greatly improved.)

1. The method for electroplating the diamond roller by combining the nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solution is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step 1, preparation before plating:

taking the female die as an electroplating cathode, connecting the female die with a power supply cathode, and placing the female die in the electroplating bath after an anode in the electroplating bath is connected with a power supply anode;

step 2, electroplating:

(1) carrying out primary electroplating, wherein: the current density is 1.1-1.4A/dm²The plating solution is nickel sulfate plating solution comprising components with mass concentration of NiSO₄ 200-240g/L，NaCl 12-15g/L，H₃BO₃30-35 g/L; the electroplating time is 3-6 d;

(2) carrying out secondary electroplating, wherein: the current density is 3-7A/dm²The plating solution is nickel sulfamate plating solution which comprises components with mass concentration of Ni (NH)₂SO₃)₂.4H₂O 300-350g/L，NiCl₂ 23-28g/L，H₃BO₃40-45 g/L; electroplating for 2-3 weeks to complete the nickel sulfamate gradient layer electroplating to obtain a female die with a composite coating, wherein the electroplating adopts sectional gradient electroplating, specifically 3-4 sectional electroplating, the single-section electroplating current density is increased section by section, and the gradient interval is 0.5-2AA/dm²。

2. The method for electroplating a diamond roller by combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solutions according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the female die is subjected to sanding treatment in advance.

3. The method for electroplating a diamond roller by combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solutions according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2(1), the primary electroplating temperature is 40-45 ℃ and the pH of the electroplating solution is 4.0-4.5.

4. The method for electroplating a diamond roller by combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solutions according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2(1), after one electroplating, the thickness of the coating is 0.6-0.8 mm.

5. The method for electroplating a diamond roller by combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solutions according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2(2), the secondary electroplating temperature is 25-70 ℃ and the pH of the electroplating solution is 3.5-4.5.

6. The method for electroplating a diamond roller by combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solutions according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2(2), after the secondary electroplating, the thickness of the nickel sulfamate gradient layer is 2.0-2.5 mm.

7. The method for electroplating a diamond roller by combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solutions according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2(2), the female die with the composite coating is used for subsequent processing of the diamond roller.

8. The method for electroplating a diamond roller by combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solutions as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2(2), the composite coating has a microhardness of 480-.

The technical field is as follows:

the invention belongs to the technical field of diamond roller electroplating, and particularly relates to a method for electroplating a diamond roller by combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solution.

Background art:

the diamond roller is an efficient shaping grinding wheel dressing tool and is an indispensable technological means in shaping grinding processing. The product can replace cutting procedures such as turning, milling, planing, grinding and the like, a blank is machined and formed at one time, and the product has the characteristics of high machining precision, long service life, high production efficiency, good part interchangeability and the like.

With the development of the domestic mechanical industry, the diamond roller has the advantages of high efficiency and stable precision, is gradually accepted by the wide application range, and has wider and wider application fields. The method plays a very critical role in the processing of military and civil products, in particular to the processing of the tenon tooth blade of an aeroengine. The novel high-strength high. At present, the diamond-plated dressing roller by an internal plating method is the most effective method for manufacturing the roller with a precise complex profile, and theoretically, the roller can be manufactured to be qualified at one time through the precise processing of a female die.

The electroplating process for producing the existing diamond roller always adopts a single nickel sulfate electroplating process which takes nickel sulfate as main salt. The electroplating process features fine crystal layer, high compactness, low current density and long electroplating period. And because the existence of sodium chloride in the nickel sulfate electroplating solution, the internal stress of the plating layer is large, and the hidden quality troubles of foaming and unshelling of the plating layer exist for the large-scale diamond roller.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for jointly electroplating a diamond roller by using nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solution. The specific main processing technology comprises the following steps: and (3) a female die is put into the tank, the female die is stably put into a plating tank, nickel sulfate plating solution is adopted for electroplating for 3-6d, then the female die is converted into nickel sulfamate plating solution for continuous electroplating, and the female die is taken out of the tank after the thickness of the plating layer meets the process requirement. The process adopts the technology of combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate plating solution with diamond roller electroplating, greatly shortens the diamond roller electroplating period, reduces the internal stress of a plating layer on the basis of ensuring the use hardness of a product, reduces the hidden danger of the product quality, and improves the product quality.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for electroplating a diamond roller by combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solution comprises the following steps:

step 1, preparation before plating:

taking the female die as an electroplating cathode, connecting the female die with a power supply cathode, and placing the female die in the electroplating bath after an anode in the electroplating bath is connected with a power supply anode;

step 2, electroplating:

(1) carrying out primary electroplating, wherein: the current density is 1.1-1.4A/dm²The plating solution is nickel sulfate plating solution comprising components with mass concentration of NiSO₄ 200-240g/L，NaCl 12-15g/L，H₃BO₃30-35 g/L; the electroplating time is 3-6 d;

(2) carrying out secondary electroplating, wherein: the current density is 3-7A/dm²The plating solution is nickel sulfamate plating solution which comprises components with mass concentration of Ni (NH)₂SO₃)₂.4H₂O 300-350g/L，NiCl₂ 23-28g/L，H₃BO₃40-45 g/L; electroplating for 2-3 weeks to complete the nickel sulfamate gradient layer electroplating to obtain a female die with a composite coating, wherein the electroplating adopts sectional gradient electroplating, specifically 3-4 sectional electroplating, the single-section electroplating current density is increased section by section, and the gradient interval is 0.5-2AA/dm²。

In the step 1, the female die is subjected to sanding treatment in advance.

In the step 2(1), the electroplating temperature is 40-45 ℃, and the pH value of the plating solution is 4.0-4.5.

In the step 2(1), after primary electroplating, the thickness of the plating layer is 0.6-0.8 mm.

In the step 2(2), the electroplating temperature is 25-70 ℃, and the pH value of the plating solution is 3.5-4.5.

In the step 2(2), after secondary electroplating, the thickness of the nickel sulfamate gradient layer is 2.0-2.5 mm.

In the step 2(2), the female die with the composite coating is used for the subsequent processing of the diamond roller.

In the step 2(2), the microhardness of the prepared composite coating is 480-500HV, and the internal stress is 3.24-4.92 MPa.

In the method, good combination among the composite layers is realized through a specific current density matching mode in two times of electroplating, so that poor combination among the coating layers caused by improper combination is avoided, crystal grains on the surface of the coating layer are obviously roughened, and the composite coating layer cannot meet the use requirement.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention adopts the nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solution combined diamond roller electroplating technology, and the nickel sulfate electroplating solution is adopted to electroplate the diamond roller at the initial stage of electroplating of a female die of a diamond roller substrate, so that the substrate obtains a fine and compact nickel-plated layer with a certain thickness under continuous current, the diamond is wrapped in a shallow layer, and then the substrate is converted into the nickel sulfamate electroplating solution to carry out thickening electroplating. The combined electroplating technology can ensure that the diamond is tightly attached to the inner surface of the female die, the production efficiency requirement of high plating thickening speed in the middle and later electroplating periods is ensured, the quality hidden danger of the influence of the internal stress of the plating on the dimensional precision of the profile of the diamond roller is reduced, and the product quality is improved.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a diamond roller cavity block electroplating method according to example 1 of the present invention; wherein:

1-plating bath, 2-titanium basket, 3-female die, 4-thickening clamp and 5-edge nickel tumor.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

The nickel sulfate plating solution used in the following examples comprises components and mass concentration of NiSO₄ 200-240g/L，NaCl 12-15g/L，H₃BO₃30-35 g/L; the adopted nickel sulfamate plating solution comprises components with mass concentration of Ni (NH)₂SO₃)₂.4H₂O 320g/L，NiCl₂ 25g/L，H₃BO₃ 42g/L。

Example 1

A method for electroplating a diamond roller by combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solution comprises the following steps:

step 1, preparation before plating:

an electroplating schematic diagram of a carrier female die for processing a diamond roller is shown in figure 1, the electroplating device structurally comprises a plating bath 1, a titanium basket frame 2, a female die 3, a thickening clamp 4 and a nickel nodule at the edge 5, the female die is assembled in the thickening clamp and connected with a power supply, the female die is connected with a power supply cathode, a nickel plate is connected with a power supply anode, and the female die is placed in plating bath plating solution after sanding treatment; according to the female die, the current density of the female die is given in a segmented mode according to different stages of the plated area size and the plated surface of the female die, so that a nickel coating tightly attached to the surface of an inner cavity is formed on the molded surface of the inner cavity of the female die, a diamond layer is firmly held in the inner cavity of the female die to be expressed, and the diamond layer goes out of a groove after reaching a certain thickness, and the following specific steps are as follows:

step 2, electroplating:

(1) performing primary electroplating by using nickel sulfate plating solution at 40 deg.C, pH of 4.0, and current density of 1.1A/dm²Electroplating for 6d to obtain a nickel sulfate coating with the thickness of 0.6 mm;

(2) adopting nickel sulfamate plating solution to carry out secondary electroplating, wherein the electroplating temperature is 25 ℃, the pH value of the plating solution is 3.5, and the secondary electroplating adopts a 4-gradient electroplating mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:

the primary electroplating current density is 3A/dm²The electroplating time is 8 d;

the secondary electroplating current density is 4.5A/dm²The electroplating time is 4 d;

the current density of the third electroplating is 6A/dm²The electroplating time is 2 d;

the four times of plating current density is7A/dm²The electroplating time is 1 d;

and (3) finishing electroplating of the nickel sulfamate gradient layer, wherein the thickness of the nickel sulfamate gradient layer is 2.5mm, obtaining a female die with a composite coating, and detecting that the microhardness of the composite coating is 488.6HV and the internal stress is 3.46MPa, so that the composite coating is used for subsequent processing of the diamond roller.

Example 2

A method for electroplating a diamond roller by combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solution comprises the following steps:

step 1, preparation before plating:

an electroplating schematic diagram of a carrier female die for processing a diamond roller is shown in figure 1, the electroplating device structurally comprises a plating bath 1, a titanium basket frame 2, a female die 3, a thickening clamp 4 and a nickel nodule at the edge 5, the female die is assembled in the thickening clamp and connected with a power supply, the female die is connected with a power supply cathode, a nickel plate is connected with a power supply anode, and the female die is placed in plating bath plating solution after sanding treatment; according to the female die, the current density of the female die is given in a segmented mode according to different stages of the plated area size and the plated surface of the female die, so that a nickel coating tightly attached to the surface of an inner cavity is formed on the molded surface of the inner cavity of the female die, a diamond layer is firmly held in the inner cavity of the female die to be expressed, and the diamond layer goes out of a groove after reaching a certain thickness, and the following specific steps are as follows:

step 2, electroplating:

(1) performing primary electroplating by using nickel sulfate plating solution at 40 deg.C, pH of 4.0, and current density of 1.2A/dm²Electroplating for 5d to obtain a nickel sulfate coating with the thickness of 0.6 mm;

(2) adopting nickel sulfamate plating solution to carry out secondary electroplating, wherein the electroplating temperature is 25 ℃, the pH value of the plating solution is 3.5, and the secondary electroplating adopts a 3-gradient electroplating mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:

the primary electroplating current density is 3A/dm²The electroplating time is 10 d;

the secondary electroplating current density is 5A/dm²The electroplating time is 5 d;

the current density of the third electroplating is 7A/dm²The electroplating time is 3 d;

and (3) finishing electroplating of the nickel sulfamate gradient layer, wherein the thickness of the nickel sulfamate gradient layer is 2.0mm, obtaining a female die with a composite coating, and detecting that the microhardness of the composite coating is 480.8HV and the internal stress is 4.92MPa, so that the composite coating is used for subsequent processing of the diamond roller.

Example 3

A method for electroplating a diamond roller by combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solution comprises the following steps:

step 1, preparation before plating:

an electroplating schematic diagram of a carrier female die for processing a diamond roller is shown in figure 1, the electroplating device structurally comprises a plating bath 1, a titanium basket frame 2, a female die 3, a thickening clamp 4 and a nickel nodule at the edge 5, the female die is assembled in the thickening clamp and connected with a power supply, the female die is connected with a power supply cathode, a nickel plate is connected with a power supply anode, and the female die is placed in plating bath plating solution after sanding treatment; according to the female die, the current density of the female die is given in a segmented mode according to different stages of the plated area size and the plated surface of the female die, so that a nickel coating tightly attached to the surface of an inner cavity is formed on the molded surface of the inner cavity of the female die, a diamond layer is firmly held in the inner cavity of the female die to be expressed, and the diamond layer goes out of a groove after reaching a certain thickness, and the following specific steps are as follows:

step 2, electroplating:

(1) performing primary electroplating by using nickel sulfate plating solution at 42 deg.C, pH 4.2 and current density 1.2A/dm²Electroplating for 5d to obtain a nickel sulfate coating with the thickness of 0.7 mm;

(2) adopting nickel sulfamate plating solution to carry out secondary electroplating, wherein the electroplating temperature is 25 ℃, the pH value of the plating solution is 3.5, and the secondary electroplating adopts a 3-gradient electroplating mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:

the primary electroplating current density is 3A/dm²The electroplating time is 8 d;

the secondary electroplating current density is 4.5A/dm²The electroplating time is 5 d;

the current density of the third electroplating is 5A/dm²The electroplating time is 2 d;

the four times of electroplating current density is 6A/dm²The electroplating time is 2 d;

and (3) finishing electroplating of the nickel sulfamate gradient layer, wherein the thickness of the nickel sulfamate gradient layer is 2.5mm, obtaining a female die with a composite coating, and detecting that the microhardness of the composite coating is 490.7HV and the internal stress is 3.24MPa, so that the composite coating is used for subsequent processing of the diamond roller.

Example 4

A method for electroplating a diamond roller by combining nickel sulfate/nickel sulfamate electroplating solution comprises the following steps:

step 1, preparation before plating:

an electroplating schematic diagram of a carrier female die for processing a diamond roller is shown in figure 1, the electroplating device structurally comprises a plating bath 1, a titanium basket frame 2, a female die 3, a thickening clamp 4 and a nickel nodule at the edge 5, the female die is assembled in the thickening clamp and connected with a power supply, the female die is connected with a power supply cathode, a nickel plate is connected with a power supply anode, and the female die is placed in plating bath plating solution after sanding treatment; according to the female die, the current density of the female die is given in a segmented mode according to different stages of the plated area size and the plated surface of the female die, so that a nickel coating tightly attached to the surface of an inner cavity is formed on the molded surface of the inner cavity of the female die, a diamond layer is firmly held in the inner cavity of the female die to be expressed, and the diamond layer goes out of a groove after reaching a certain thickness, and the following specific steps are as follows:

step 2, electroplating:

(1) performing primary electroplating by using nickel sulfate plating solution at 45 deg.C, pH of 4.5, and current density of 1.3A/dm²Electroplating for 4d to obtain a nickel sulfate coating with the thickness of 0.8 mm;

(2) adopting nickel sulfamate plating solution to carry out secondary electroplating, wherein the electroplating temperature is 25 ℃, the pH value of the plating solution is 3.5, and the secondary electroplating adopts a 3-gradient electroplating mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:

the primary electroplating current density is 3A/dm²The electroplating time is 9 d;

the secondary electroplating current density is 6A/dm²The electroplating time is 4 d;

the current density of the third electroplating is 7A/dm²The electroplating time is 4 d;

and (3) finishing electroplating of the nickel sulfamate gradient layer, wherein the thickness of the nickel sulfamate gradient layer is 2.2mm, obtaining a female die with a composite coating, and detecting that the microhardness of the composite coating is 482.4HV and the internal stress is 4.55MPa, so that the composite coating is used for subsequent processing of the diamond roller.

Comparative example 3-1

The difference from example 3 is that nickel sulfate electroplating is omitted, the nickel sulfamate in step (2) is directly subjected to gradient electroplating to obtain a nickel sulfamate gradient plating layer, the surface crystal grains of the gradient plating layer are obviously roughened and dendritic crystals appear through detection, the microhardness of the prepared composite plating layer is 320HV, and the internal stress is 15.38 MPa. The reason of analysis is that nickel sulfamate electroplating is directly adopted, and because the diamond on the plated surface occupies a certain area, the current density at the initial stage of electroplating exceeds the range of the current density, so that the metal ions discharged near the cathode are poor, the metal ions are discharged at the convex part of the plated surface, dendritic crystals appear on the plating layer, the electroplating process of other parts of the surface such as concave parts, concave angles and the like is influenced, and the performance of the composite plating layer is obviously reduced.

The current density at the initial stage of electroplating caused by the electroplating mode without the nickel sulfate electroplating process exceeds the current density range, so that the coating is easy to scorch, a good coating cannot be obtained, and the experiment directly fails.

Comparative examples 3 to 2

The difference from example 3 is that the nickel sulfamate was plated at once at a specific current density of 5A/dm²And the electroplating time is 17d, a composite coating is obtained, and through detection, the surface crystal grains of the composite coating are obviously roughened and pinholes appear due to improper control of the nickel sulfamate electroplating process, the microhardness of the prepared composite coating is 332HV, and the internal stress is 14.55 MPa.