阅读说明：本技术 利用gps测量技术监测火山的方法 (Utilize the method in GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano ) 是由 张勤耘 于 2018-05-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种利用GPS测量技术监测火山的方法,包括：1)基于GNSS掩星反演算法得到火山所在区域的实际大气温度值及实际大气温度轮廓线；2)取火山爆发前若干年±5天火山所在区域的大气温度日均值,并依据大气温度日均值得到背景温度轮廓线；3)将步骤2)得到的大气温度日均值与步骤1)得到的实际大气温度值相减得到火山所在区域由于火山灰引起的扰动温度轮廓线；4)取步骤2)得到的大气温度日均值±二分之一的标准偏差作为偏差轮廓线区间；5)依据实际大气温度轮廓线、背景温度轮廓线、扰动温度轮廓线及偏差轮廓线区间对火山喷发的火山灰进行监测。本发明可以有效监测火山的火山灰是否喷发,并可获知火山灰喷射的高度及火山灰的浓度。(The present invention provides a kind of method using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano, comprising: 1) obtains the real atmosphere temperature value and real atmosphere temperature profile line of volcano region based on GNSS occultation inversion algorithm；2) the atmospheric temperature annual average of several years ± 5 day volcano region before volcano eruption is taken, and obtains ambient temperature contour line according to atmospheric temperature annual average；3) subtract each other the atmospheric temperature annual average that step 2 obtains and the real atmosphere temperature value that step 1) obtains to obtain volcano region and disturb temperature profile line due to caused by volcanic ash；4) standard deviation for the atmospheric temperature annual average ± half for taking step 2 to obtain is as deviation contour line section；5) volcanic ash of volcanic eruption is monitored according to real atmosphere temperature profile line, ambient temperature contour line, disturbance temperature profile line and deviation contour line section.Whether the volcanic ash that the present invention can effectively monitor volcano erupts, and would know that the height of volcanic ash injection and the concentration of volcanic ash.)

1. a kind of method using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano, which is characterized in that described to monitor fire using GPS measuring technique The method on mountain includes the following steps:

1) the real atmosphere temperature value and real atmosphere temperature profile of volcano region are obtained based on GNSS occultation inversion algorithm Line；

2) the atmospheric temperature annual average of the several years ± 5 day volcano region before the volcano eruption is taken, and according to described Atmospheric temperature annual average obtains ambient temperature contour line；

3) subtract each other the atmospheric temperature annual average that step 2) obtains and the real atmosphere temperature value that step 1) obtains to obtain the fire Mountain region disturbs temperature profile line due to caused by volcanic ash；

4) standard deviation for the atmospheric temperature annual average ± half for taking step 2) to obtain is described as deviation contour line section Standard of the deviation contour line section as the real atmosphere temperature change for measuring the volcano region；

5) according to the real atmosphere temperature profile line, the ambient temperature contour line, the disturbance temperature profile line and described Deviation contour line section is monitored the volcanic ash of volcanic eruption.

2. the method according to claim 1 using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano, which is characterized in that packet in step 1) Include following steps:

1-1) occultation bending angle contour curve is obtained according to Doppler frequency shift or additive phase；

The occultation bending angle contour curve of acquisition 1-2) is transformed into refractive index profile curve using Abel transformation；

1-3) the practical big of the volcano region is obtained using the relationship of air index and temperature, air pressure and moisture content Temperature value and real atmosphere temperature profile line.

3. the method according to claim 2 using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano, which is characterized in that step 1-3) in, Also the pneumatic parameter and electricity of the volcano region are obtained using the relationship of air index and temperature, air pressure, electron density The electron density parameter of absciss layer.

4. the method according to claim 2 using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano, which is characterized in that step 1-1) in, Obtain the formula of occultation bending angle contour curve are as follows:

Wherein, α (a) is the bending angle after correction, α₁(a)、α₂It (a) is obtained using the Doppler frequency shift in L1, L2 frequency range respectively Bending angle contour line, f₁、f₂It is the carrier frequency of L1, L2 frequency range, a is collision parameter.

5. the method according to claim 2 using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano, which is characterized in that step 1-2) in, Relational expression of the obtained refractive index about bending angle are as follows:

Wherein, n is air index, and a is collision parameter, and x is the integration variable on collision parameter.

6. the method according to claim 2 using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano, which is characterized in that step 1-3) in, The formula of air index and temperature, air pressure and moisture content are as follows:

Wherein, N is air index；P is air pressure, unit mb；, P_wFor vapour pressure, unit mb；T is temperature, unit K； k₁=77.6, k₂=3.73 × 10⁶。

7. the method according to claim 6 using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano, which is characterized in that step 1-3) in, Moisture content is ignored, vapour pressure P_wIt is zero, concurrently setting atmosphere is perfect gas, meet equation for ideal gases:

ρ (h) is atmospheric density in formula, and R is the air gas constant for not considering moisture content, value 0.287Jg^-1K^-1, h is sea Degree of lifting usesIt obtains, wherein R_cFor the radius of curvature of the earth at point of contact；

Setting atmosphere also meets Hydrostatic equilibrium condition:

Wherein, g indicates acceleration of gravity；

It can thus be concluded that following formula:

Wherein, P (z_m) it is by European center in z_mInitialize what hydrostatic equation obtained when=40km；

By formulaPneumatic wheel can be obtained by iteration Profile substitutes into obtained air pressureAnd ignores the Section 2 in formula and real atmosphere temperature can be obtained Value and real atmosphere temperature profile line.

8. the method according to claim 1 using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano, which is characterized in that in step 5), when There is rapid drawdown in the disturbance temperature profile line, and the real atmosphere temperature profile line is located at except deviation contour line section When, then determine that the atmospheric temperature that corresponding height above sea level is caused due to the volcanic ash that volcano is sprayed upwards is reduced.

9. the method according to claim 8 using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano, which is characterized in that in step 5), according to There is the height that the height above sea level at rapid drawdown determines the volcanic ash of the volcano injection according to the disturbance temperature profile line, according to Judge that the sea at rapid drawdown occurs in the disturbance temperature profile line according to the degree that rapid drawdown at rapid drawdown occurs in the disturbance temperature profile line The concentration of the volcanic ash of degree of the lifting place volcano injection.

Technical field

The invention belongs to communication monitoring technical fields, more particularly to a kind of side using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano Method.

Background technique

Volcanic eruption can eject a large amount of rock block, volcanic ash, volcanic gas etc..These substances seriously destroy building Object it is complete, safety of blocking traffic controls the growth of plant, influences the health of the mankind.Therefore, monitoring and Forecasting volcanic eruptions ten Divide important.

Volcano meteorological observatory uses such as seismic detector, dipmeter, infrasonic sound, gas monitoring instrument, web camera geophysics more The sensor for learning scope goes observation volcano upheaval phenomenon, warns to potential hazard, and detect volcano eruption.From these sensings The data of device must be integrated into the state of near real-time to explain the range of colcanism.And seismic sensor cannot be clear Ground judge whether volcanic ash has erupted, the height of volcanic ash, volcanic eruption duration.Currently, temporarily without effective skill Art means clearly judge whether volcanic ash has erupted, the height of volcanic ash, volcanic eruption duration.

Summary of the invention

In view of the foregoing deficiencies of prior art, it is supervised the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of using GPS measuring technique The method on fire detecting mountain, for solving can clearly judge whether volcanic ash has erupted, volcano without effective means in the prior art Ash height, volcanic eruption duration the problem of.

In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention, which provides, a kind of utilizes GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano Method, the method using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano include the following steps:

The method using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano includes the following steps:

1) the real atmosphere temperature value and real atmosphere temperature of volcano region are obtained based on GNSS occultation inversion algorithm Contour line；

2) the atmospheric temperature annual average of the several years ± 5 day volcano region before the volcano eruption, and foundation are taken The atmospheric temperature annual average obtains ambient temperature contour line；

3) subtract each other the atmospheric temperature annual average that step 2) obtains and the real atmosphere temperature value that step 1) obtains to obtain institute It states volcano region and disturbs temperature profile line due to caused by volcanic ash；

4) standard deviation for the atmospheric temperature annual average ± half for taking step 2) to obtain as deviation contour line section, Standard of the deviation contour line section as the real atmosphere temperature change for measuring the volcano region；

5) according to the real atmosphere temperature profile line, the ambient temperature contour line, the disturbance temperature profile line and Deviation contour line section is monitored the volcanic ash of volcanic eruption.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, it walks and includes the following steps: in step 1)

1-1) occultation bending angle contour curve is obtained according to Doppler frequency shift or additive phase；

The occultation bending angle contour curve of acquisition 1-2) is transformed into refractive index profile curve using Abel transformation；

1-3) reality of the volcano region is obtained using the relationship of air index and temperature, air pressure and moisture content Border atmospheric temperature value and real atmosphere temperature profile line.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, step 1-3) in, also utilize air index and temperature, air pressure, electronics The relationship of density obtains the pneumatic parameter of the volcano region and the electron density parameter in ionosphere.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, step 1-1) in, obtain the formula of occultation bending angle contour curve are as follows:

Wherein, α (a) is the bending angle after correction, α₁(a)、α₂It (a) is using the Doppler frequency shift in L1, L2 frequency range respectively The bending angle contour line obtained, f₁、f₂It is the carrier frequency of L1, L2 frequency range, a is collision parameter.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, step 1-2) in, relational expression of the obtained refractive index about bending angle are as follows:

Wherein, n is air index, and a is collision parameter, and x is the integration variable on collision parameter.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, rapid 1-3) in, the public affairs of air index and temperature, air pressure and moisture content Formula are as follows:

Wherein, N is air index；P is air pressure, unit mb；, P_wFor vapour pressure, unit mb；T is temperature, unit For K；k₁=77.6, k₂=3.73 × 10⁶。

As a preferred solution of the present invention, step 1-3) in, moisture content is ignored, vapour pressure P_wIt is zero, together When set atmosphere as perfect gas, meet equation for ideal gases:

ρ (h) is atmospheric density in formula, and R is the air gas constant for not considering moisture content, value 0.287Jg^-1K^-1, H is height above sea level, is usedIt obtains, wherein R_cFor the radius of curvature of the earth at point of contact；

Setting atmosphere also meets Hydrostatic equilibrium condition:

Wherein, g indicates acceleration of gravity；

It can thus be concluded that following formula:

Wherein, P (z_m) it is by European center in z_mInitialize what hydrostatic equation obtained when=40km；

By formulaGas can be obtained by iteration Pinch roller profile substitutes into obtained air pressureAnd ignores the Section 2 in formula and real atmosphere can be obtained Temperature value and real atmosphere temperature profile line.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, in step 5), when there is rapid drawdown in the disturbance temperature profile line, and it is described When real atmosphere temperature profile line is located at except deviation contour line section, then the volcanic ash sprayed upwards due to volcano is determined The atmospheric temperature for causing corresponding height above sea level reduces.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, in step 5), occur at rapid drawdown according to the disturbance temperature profile line Height above sea level determines the height of the volcanic ash of the volcano injection, occurs according to the disturbance temperature profile line rapid at rapid drawdown The degree of drop judges that the volcanic ash of the volcano injection at height above sea level at rapid drawdown occurs in the disturbance temperature profile line Concentration.

As described above, the present invention is had the advantages that using the method in GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano

The present invention can according to the atmospheric temperature of volcano region change can effectively monitor volcano volcanic ash whether It has been erupted that, and can know the dense of the volcanic ash of the height and volcanic ash of volcanic ash injection at jetting height in volcanic eruption Degree.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is shown as the flow chart of the method provided by the invention using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano.

Specific embodiment

Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific specific example, those skilled in the art can be by this specification Other advantages and efficacy of the present invention can be easily understood for disclosed content.The present invention can also pass through in addition different specific realities The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also based on different viewpoints and application, without departing from Various modifications or alterations are carried out under spirit of the invention.

Please refer to Fig. 1.It should be noted that illustrating what only the invention is illustrated in a schematic way provided in the present embodiment Basic conception, though only show in diagram with related component in the present invention rather than component count, shape when according to actual implementation And size is drawn, when actual implementation form, quantity and the ratio of each component can arbitrarily change for one kind, and its assembly layout Form may also be increasingly complex.

Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of method using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano, it is described to be measured using GPS The method in technical monitoring volcano includes the following steps:

1) the real atmosphere temperature value and real atmosphere temperature of volcano region are obtained based on GNSS occultation inversion algorithm Contour line；

2) the atmospheric temperature annual average of the several years ± 5 day volcano region before the volcano eruption, and foundation are taken The atmospheric temperature annual average obtains ambient temperature contour line；

3) subtract each other the atmospheric temperature annual average that step 2) obtains and the real atmosphere temperature value that step 1) obtains to obtain institute It states volcano region and disturbs temperature profile line due to caused by volcanic ash；

4) standard deviation for the atmospheric temperature annual average ± half for taking step 2) to obtain as deviation contour line section, Standard of the deviation contour line section as the real atmosphere temperature change for measuring the volcano region；

5) according to the real atmosphere temperature profile line, the ambient temperature contour line, the disturbance temperature profile line and Deviation contour line section is monitored the volcanic ash of volcanic eruption.

In step 1), the S1 step in Fig. 1 is please referred to, volcano region is obtained based on GNSS occultation inversion algorithm Real atmosphere temperature value and real atmosphere temperature profile line.

Following simple introduction is done firstly, for the basic principle of occultation measurement: as low orbit satellite (Low Orbit Satellite, LEO) when Space-Work, the GNSS of carrying (Global Navigation Satellite System, Global Satellite Navigation System) Occultation receiver can not stop to calculate GNSS satellite, the positional relationship of the earth and oneself, if discovery meets When the positional relationship of occultation measurement, corresponding GNSS signal will be searched for and tracked.GNSS signal is through ionosphere or when troposphere It can collide with wherein electronics, ion or air molecule, to change the direction of propagation of signal, that is, generate refraction effect, nothing Line electric signal is because ionosphere or neutral atmosphere layer produce Doppler frequency shift and phase delay.In GNSS location navigation, it Be referred to as ionospheric error or tropospheric error, need to be disappeared using ad hoc approach or specific ionosphere, neutral atmosphere layer model Remove or slacken this kind of error.Because this fractional error and the state behavior in ionosphere, neutral atmosphere layer are closely related, thus when We measure and record the Doppler frequency shift either phase delay that receiver receives signal, just by certain inversion algorithm The electron density parameter either troposphere neutral atmospheric parameters that ionosphere can be obtained, such as refractive index, temperature, humidity and close Degree.When LEO satellite tracks GNSS signal, with the continuous variation of GNSS satellite and LEO satellite relativeness in space, meeting One group of signal ray continuously measured is formed, is such as schemed.Each signal in this group of signal can have specific Doppler's frequency It moves and a specific collision parameter.When assuming that all signals are all propagated in the same occultation plane in occultation event every time, By the speed of the Doppler frequency and GNSS satellite and LEO satellite at that time of this signal, can be calculated by specific method The corresponding bending angle of all signals forms a bending angle contour line about collision parameter.Bend angles alpha is exactly inverting atmosphere folding One of the important input parameter of rate is penetrated, air index is to obtain one of atmospheric temperature, important parameter of humidity again.

As an example, obtaining the real atmosphere temperature value of volcano region and practical big based on GNSS occultation inversion algorithm Temperature degree contour line includes the following steps:

1-1) occultation bending angle contour curve is obtained according to Doppler frequency shift or additive phase；

The occultation bending angle contour curve of acquisition 1-2) is transformed into refractive index profile curve using Abel transformation；

1-3) reality of the volcano region is obtained using the relationship of air index and temperature, air pressure and moisture content Border atmospheric temperature value and real atmosphere temperature profile line.

As an example, in such a way that the Doppler frequency shift of LEO occultation or additive phase obtain occultation bending angle contour line The most commonly used is geometrical optics approaches.

Atmosphere Doppler frequency shift Δ f can be described as with GNSS satellite, the motion state of LEO satellite:

Wherein, λ is signal wavelength,For the velocity vector of GNSS and LEO,Respectively satellite is defended to LEO Unit vector, the received unit vector of LEO satellite signal that unit vector, the GNSS satellite signal of star emit.

If the process of GNSS occultation inverting is limited in occultation plane, seeking bend angles alpha is exactly to askWithAngle δ_tWithWithAngle δ_rThe sum of.During assuming that occultation is handled, it is symmetrical that the refractive index near occultation point of contact unanimously meets ball Property.δ_t、δ_rAlso meet shell rule:

A=n (r_t)r_tsin(θ_t+δ_t)=n ((r_r)r_rsin(θ_r+δ_r) (2)

Wherein, a is collision parameter, n (r_t)、n(r_r) be LEO satellite at GNSS satellite at refractive index, because of its track Highly, can approximation regard 1, r as_t、r_rFor the orbit radius of LEO satellite and GNSS satellite, θ_t、θ_rFor GNSS-LEO satellite links The angle of unit vector and GNSS satellite, LEO satellite track vector.

Since upper atmosphere is than leaner, refractive index is similar to 1, so bending angle is similar to 0, generally in practical resolving When, since top, by δ_t、δ_rIt is set as 0, initial value is made with the calculation result on upper layer to the resolving of lower layer, is iterated resolving, The bending angle contour line of entire occultation event can be obtained.

In above-mentioned calculating process, except assume occultation occur in occultation plane and occultation have the characteristics that it is spherically symmetric, go back One is implied to assume to think that GNSS signal shooting sequence is consistent with LEO reception signal sequence.But signal is to pass through low layer big It is this since the complexity of lower atmosphere layer moisture content causes some signals that can generate superposition phenomenon when reaching receiver when gas In the case of, huge error can be generated using the method for geometric optics inverting, this error is referred to as the multipath of occultation measurement Error.

In general occultation Data processing, the entire bending angle contour line of inversion method of geometric optics is usually used, so It is directed to given threshold afterwards, the region below usually 20km-30km is low using the inversion method of contact transformation or full spectrum inverting Then the bending angle contour line of atmosphere smoothly combines the two and obtains the bending angle contour line of the secondary occultation event.

The bending angle contour line obtained by various inversion algorithms includes the common of ionosphere electron content and neutral atmosphere It influences.To distinguish both bending angles, and because electron content bending angle caused by signal in ionosphere is related with signal frequency, The general method using double frequency combination eliminates the influence of ionosphere single order item.

As an example, step 1-1) in, obtain the formula of occultation bending angle contour curve are as follows:

Wherein, α (a) is the bending angle after correction, α₁(a)、α₂It (a) is using the Doppler frequency shift in L1, L2 frequency range respectively The bending angle contour line obtained, f₁、f₂It is the carrier frequency of L1, L2 frequency range, a is collision parameter.

Because the frequency of L2 wave band will be lower than the frequency of L1 wave band, so the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal-to-noise ratio ratio L1 of L2 is much lower, It needs longer time interval to carry out the data of smooth L2, is eliminated so carrying out double frequency combination using smoothed out bending angle contour line Ionospheric error:

Wherein,For the smoothed out bending angle contour line of method for using sliding average.

But double frequency combines the influence that can only eliminate ionosphere single order item error, ignores the influence of higher order term.But special Situation or solar activity strong period, ionosphere higher order term (ionosphere correction error) will influence whether the knot of occultation inverting Fruit.

Refractive index layering stablizes and under symmetrical hypothesis in the certain area near occultation point of contact, we can derive The relationship of bending angle and air index:

Wherein, n is refractive index, and a is collision parameter, and x is the integration variable on collision parameter.

Rapid 1-2) in, relational expression of the refractive index obtained by Abel (Abel) transformation about bending angle are as follows:

Wherein, n is air index, and a is collision parameter, and x is the integration variable on collision parameter.

During inverting, used ball symmetrical it is assumed that and the atmosphere under actual conditions be not it is spherically symmetric, low The summer in latitude area, the Asymmetric Index in ionosphere can achieve 78% at sunrise.In general, spherically symmetric to assume Influence of the near surface for bending angle about 3%, the influence about error of 100m or so for collision parameter, in near-earth Influence of the table for refractive index about 1% and as highly linear reduces is about 0.2% at 10km, is then always maintained at In 0.2% level；In extreme circumstances, near such as before cold front cutting edge of a knife or a sword, spherically symmetric hypothesis will bring about 80% Error.And more than 40km height, the signal-to-noise ratio of signal is horizontal already below the thermal noise of receiver.In order to solve this Problem will also go to constrain, so that bending angle is more tallied with the actual situation, and then make to the bending angle contour line found out using Atmospheric models Refractive index profile face is obtained with formula (6).

In neutral atmosphere, refractive index be one about temperature, air pressure, moisture content equation.So being mentioned by refractive index For certain limitation and condition, the parameters such as temperature in neutral atmosphere, air pressure can be obtained.

Because refractive index, for preferably expression refraction relationship, introduces refraction coefficient very close to 1:

N=(n-1) × 10⁶ (7)

Step 1-3) in, the formula of available air index and temperature, air pressure and moisture content are as follows:

Wherein, N is air index；P is air pressure, unit mb；, P_wFor vapour pressure, unit mb；T is temperature, unit For K；k₁=77.6, k₂=3.73 × 10⁶。

By in formula (8) it can be found that in formula only have refraction coefficient N it is known that needing inverting T, P, P_wThree amounts, basic nothing Method inverting.So to provide some additional conditions and hypothesis.Because the content of vapor is very in stratosphere and higher troposphere It is small, so the Section 2 in formula can be ignored, so inverting T, P are only needed, because having neglected moisture content, institute's inverting The also referred to as dry temperature of temperature and air pressure or dry-pressing.To solve T, P, it is assumed that atmosphere is perfect gas, meets equation for ideal gases:

ρ (h) is atmospheric density in formula, and R is the air gas constant for not considering moisture content, value 0.287Jg^-1K^-1, H is height above sea level, is usedIt obtains, wherein R_cFor the radius of curvature of the earth at point of contact.

Setting atmosphere also meets Hydrostatic equilibrium condition:

Wherein, g indicates acceleration of gravity；

It can thus be concluded that following formula:

Wherein, P (z_m) it is by European center in z_mInitialize what hydrostatic equation obtained when=40km；Pass through public affairs Air pressure contour line can be obtained through iteration in formula (11), by obtained air pressure substitute into formula (8) in, and ignore in formula (8) second , real atmosphere temperature value and real atmosphere temperature profile line can be obtained in the case.

It should be noted that only need to consider that single order is a small amount of still in linear theory, that is, think obtained temperature profile Line is composed of ambient temperature field and disturbance temperature, it may be assumed that

Wherein, T indicates temperature profile line in formula,Indicate ambient temperature field, T ' expression disturbs temperature.

In step 2), the S2 step in Fig. 1 is please referred to, takes the several years ± 5 day volcano institute before the volcano eruption Atmospheric temperature annual average in region, and ambient temperature contour line is obtained according to the atmospheric temperature annual average.

As an example, several years ± 5 day volcano the region before the volcano is arbitrarily once broken out can be collected Atmospheric temperature annual average for example collects the big of the preceding several years ± 5 day volcano region of volcano the last time outburst Temperature is subsisted mean value.Year before the volcano eruption can be set according to actual needs, herein with no restrictions.Collect institute The atmospheric temperature annual average of the several years ± 5 day volcano region before volcano eruption is stated, and according to the atmospheric temperature day Mean value obtains ambient temperature contour line dawn known to those skilled in the art, is not repeated herein.

In step 3), the S3 step in Fig. 1 is please referred to, the atmospheric temperature annual average that step 2) obtains is obtained with step 1) Real atmosphere temperature value subtract each other to obtain the volcano region and disturb temperature profile line due to caused by volcanic ash.

As an example, one by one by the atmospheric temperature annual average that step 2) obtains and the real atmosphere temperature value that step 1) obtains It is corresponding subtract each other to obtain the volcano region temperature profile line is disturbed due to caused by volcanic ash.

In step 4), the S4 step in Fig. 1 is please referred to, the atmospheric temperature annual average ± half for taking step 2) to obtain Standard deviation as deviation contour line section, deviation contour line section is as the reality for measuring the volcano region The standard of atmospheric temperature variation.

In step 5), the S5 step in Fig. 1 is please referred to, according to the real atmosphere temperature profile line, the background temperature Degree contour line, the disturbance temperature profile line and deviation contour line section are monitored the volcanic ash of volcanic eruption.

As an example, when rapid drawdown occurs in the disturbance temperature profile line, and the real atmosphere temperature profile line is located at institute When stating except deviation contour line section, then determine to cause the atmosphere of corresponding height above sea level due to the volcanic ash that volcano is sprayed upwards Temperature reduces.

As an example, the height above sea level at rapid drawdown occur according to the disturbance temperature profile line determines the volcano injection The height of the volcanic ash, the degree for rapid drawdown at rapid drawdown occur according to the disturbance temperature profile line judge the disturbance temperature wheel There is the concentration of the volcanic ash of the volcano injection at the height above sea level at rapid drawdown in profile.

In conclusion the present invention provides a kind of method using GPS measuring technique monitoring volcano, it is described to be measured using GPS The method in technical monitoring volcano

The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any ripe The personage for knowing this technology all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, carries out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment.Cause This, institute is complete without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art such as At all equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by the claims of the present invention.