阅读说明：本技术 一种适用于南极磷虾的复合抗冻剂及其应用 (Composite antifreeze agent suitable for euphausia superba and application thereof ) 是由 李冬梅 林峻鑫 张玉莹 张彪 李宜蔚 孙培梓 郭璇 赵燕芬 于 2021-10-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种适用于南极磷虾的复合抗冻剂及其应用,由以下原料按质量百分比组成：精氨酸10～30％,赖氨酸10～30％,脯氨酸10～30％,组氨酸10～30％,海藻糖5～15％,柠檬酸钠5～15％。本发明复合抗冻剂不含磷酸盐和蔗糖,安全性高,甜度低,使用快速简便,溶解于水后结合太赫兹波对南极磷虾浸泡处理,能减弱南极磷虾在长时间冷冻贮藏过程中的蛋白变性,降低南极磷虾的解冻损失,同时提升冷冻贮藏后南极磷虾的持水和加工特性。(The invention provides a composite antifreeze agent suitable for euphausia superba and application thereof, wherein the composite antifreeze agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10-30% of arginine, 10-30% of lysine, 10-30% of proline, 10-30% of histidine, 5-15% of trehalose and 5-15% of sodium citrate. The composite antifreeze agent disclosed by the invention does not contain phosphate and cane sugar, is high in safety, low in sweetness and quick and simple to use, can be dissolved in water and then is used for soaking the antarctic krill in combination with terahertz waves, can weaken the protein denaturation of the antarctic krill in the long-time freezing and storing process, reduces the thawing loss of the antarctic krill, and simultaneously improves the water holding capacity and the processing characteristics of the antarctic krill after freezing and storing.)

1. The composite antifreeze agent suitable for the antarctic krill is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 10-30% of arginine, 10-30% of lysine, 10-30% of proline, 10-30% of histidine, 5-15% of trehalose and 5-15% of sodium citrate.

2. The composite antifreeze agent suitable for antarctic krill according to claim 1, characterized by comprising by mass percent: 10% of arginine, 30% of lysine, 30% of proline, 10% of histidine, 15% of trehalose and 5% of sodium citrate.

3. The use of the composite antifreeze agent for antarctic krill according to claim 1, wherein the antifreeze agent is used for freezing preservation of aquatic products.

4. The use of the composite antifreeze agent for antarctic krill according to claim 3, wherein the antifreeze agent is used for the cryopreservation of antarctic krill.

5. The application method of the composite antifreeze agent suitable for the antarctic krill in the claim 1 comprises the following steps:

s1, mixing the composite antifreeze agent with water, fully dissolving, and preparing a composite antifreeze agent solution;

s2, soaking the aquatic product in the composite antifreeze solution;

s3, processing is performed using terahertz waves while the step S2 is being performed.

6. The application method of the composite antifreeze agent suitable for antarctic krill according to claim 5, comprises the following steps:

s1, uniformly mixing the composite antifreeze agent and water according to the mass ratio of 1:19, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

s2, soaking Antarctic krill meat in the composite anti-freezing agent solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 3-3: 1, and soaking for 0.5-2 hours at 4-15 ℃;

s3, processing for 0.5-2h by using a terahertz wave with the frequency of 0.1-0.3THz and the power of 50-100mW while the step S2 is carried out.

7. The use of the composite antifreeze agent according to claims 5 to 6, wherein: the terahertz wave processor is placed at the bottom of the soaking liquid in step S3.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of aquatic products, in particular to a composite antifreeze agent suitable for euphausia superba and application thereof.

Background

Antarctic krill is a single organism that lives on the earth in Antarctic, is known to be the most abundant resource, is nutritious, and is called the largest animal protein pool on earth. According to statistics, the biological resource amount of the antarctic krill is about 6-10 million tons, and meanwhile, about 3.42-5.36 million tons of shrimps can be bred every year. The fishing of the antarctic krill is started in the 60 th 20 th century abroad, and the fishing of the antarctic krill is firstly carried out in 2009 in China. The fishing place is far away from the Antarctic sea area, and the Antarctic krill is rich in low-temperature autolytic enzyme, so that quick freezing after fishing is an important method for preserving the Antarctic krill. However, due to the distance factor of the fishing place of the antarctic krill, the freezing storage time of the antarctic krill is far longer than that of common aquatic products, in the long-term freezing storage process, the growth of a large number of irregular ice crystals can influence the binding state between protein molecules and binding water, part of the binding water is separated and converted into the ice crystals, so that the interaction between the water and the protein is caused, the original tissue structure of the protein is influenced, and meanwhile, the protein denaturation causes the reduction of water retention, and the thawing yield and the product processing quality of the antarctic krill are influenced.

The antifreeze is a substance which is added into food and can prevent the food from being frozen and damaged so as to achieve the effect of long-time preservation, glycerol is firstly added into aquatic products in Japan to prevent protein denaturation in the aquatic products, and at present, phosphate and sucrose or sorbitol are used as the antifreeze. Phosphate such as sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate or a mixture thereof and other phosphorus-containing antifreeze are used as the freezing protection of aquatic products, the addition amount of the phosphate needs to be strictly controlled, and the additive effect generated by eating various aquatic products for a long time can also cause excessive phosphorus intake to influence the calcium-phosphorus balance of a human body and harm the health; sucrose and sorbitol are not beneficial to obese patients and diabetic patients due to their high sweetness and high glycemic index. Therefore, in consideration of the current healthy consumption trend and some special groups, the development of a novel composite antifreeze agent which is green and healthy and is suitable for antarctic krill is of great significance.

Terahertz wave is specially designated 10¹¹～10¹³Hz, the wavelength is 30 um-3 mm, and the electromagnetic wave, water molecule group and various micro-particles between microwave and infraredAnd molecules and the like absorb the terahertz waves and generate same-frequency resonance with self vibration waves, and the dissolving capacity of water is enhanced under the action of the same-frequency resonance waves.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a composite antifreeze agent suitable for antarctic krill and application thereof, which aims to solve the problems that the existing antarctic krill and other aquatic products are subjected to long-term freezing storage, so that the protein denaturation and processing quality are reduced, the calcium-phosphorus balance of a human body is influenced, the health is damaged, and obesity patients and diabetes are not facilitated.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the composite antifreeze agent suitable for the euphausia superba consists of the following components in percentage by mass:

in a preferable mode, the composite antifreeze agent suitable for the antarctic krill consists of the following components in percentage by mass:

the application of the composite antifreeze agent suitable for the antarctic krill is characterized in that the composite antifreeze agent suitable for the antarctic krill is used for soaking the antarctic krill meat, so that the freezing denaturation of protein of the antarctic krill is slowed down, and the processing quality is improved; the specific application method comprises the following steps: soaking the euphausia superba meat in the composite anti-freezing agent solution at 4 ℃ for 0.5-2h, and treating by combining terahertz waves while soaking; the composite antifreeze agent solution is as follows: the composite antifreeze agent suitable for the antarctic krill is dissolved in water to prepare the composite antifreeze agent; wherein the mass ratio of the composite antifreeze agent suitable for the antarctic krill to the water is 1: 19; the mass ratio of the Antarctic krill meat to the composite antifreeze solution is 1: 3-3: 1; the frequency of the terahertz wave is 0.1-0.3THz, the power is 50-100mW, and the processing time is 0.5-2 h.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the composite antifreeze agent for the antarctic krill disclosed by the invention can weaken the freezing denaturation of protein in the freezing preservation process, improve the water holding capacity, reduce the thawing loss, delay the reduction of the quality of the euphausia superba meat and improve the processing characteristics of the euphausia superba before freezing treatment. Compared with a control group without any antifreeze component, the thawing loss rate of the preferred scheme is relatively reduced by 73.9 percent, and the water retention rate is relatively improved by 28.6 percent.

(2) The composite antifreeze agent for the euphausia superba is safe in components, free of phosphorus, capable of avoiding health problems caused by addition of phosphate and cane sugar, low in sweetness, suitable for various aquatic products, universal and beneficial to health of consumers.

(3) The composite antifreeze agent for the euphausia superba provided by the invention adopts a terahertz auxiliary method in application, and activates molecular motion based on terahertz wave energy, so that the antifreeze agent can better permeate into shrimp meat tissues, and the antifreeze effect is enhanced. Compared with the scheme of directly using the composite antifreeze agent without using the terahertz wave, the thawing loss rate is relatively reduced by 21.4%, and the water retention rate is relatively increased by 3.2%.

Detailed Description

The following examples further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention in detail.

Arginine, used in the examples below, was manufactured by Henan Tang food ingredients Co., Ltd, CAS number 74-79-3; lysine, the manufacturer is Henan Tang ancient food ingredient Co Ltd, CAS number is 56-87-1; proline, manufactured by Henan Tang food ingredient Co., Ltd, CAS number 147-85-3; histidine, manufactured by Henan Tang ancient food ingredient Co., Ltd, with CAS number 71-00-1; trehalose, manufactured by Nanjing Jingrun Biotech Co., Ltd, with CAS number of 99-20-7; the manufacturer of the sodium citrate is Shandong Weifang Yingxuan industry Co., Ltd, and the CAS number is 6132-04-3; the konjak flour is produced by Hubei Qiangsen konjak science and technology Limited, and has the CAS number of 37220-17-0; tea polyphenols was manufactured by Hippon Biotech limited, Yu, Shandong under CAS number 84650-60-2.

The composite antifreeze agent suitable for the antarctic krill comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-30% of arginine, 10-30% of lysine, 10-30% of proline, 10-30% of histidine, 5-15% of trehalose and 5-15% of sodium citrate.

The application method of the composite antifreeze agent suitable for the antarctic krill comprises the following steps:

s1, uniformly mixing the composite antifreeze agent and water according to the mass ratio of 1:19, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

s2, soaking the Antarctic krill meat in the composite anti-freezing agent solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 3-3: 1, and soaking for 0.5-2 hours at 4-15 ℃.

S3, processing for 0.5-2h by using a terahertz wave with the frequency of 0.1-0.3THz and the power of 50-100mW while the step S2 is carried out.

The terahertz wave processor is placed at the bottom of the soaking liquid in step S3.

Example 1

The invention relates to a composite antifreeze agent suitable for euphausia superba, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: arginine 10%, lysine 30%, proline 30%, histidine 10%, trehalose 15%, and sodium citrate 5%.

The application method comprises the following concrete implementation steps:

(1) adding 950g of water into 50g of the composite antifreeze agent suitable for the euphausia superba, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

(2) 500g of antarctic krill meat is soaked in the composite antifreeze agent solution for 1h at 4 ℃.

Example 2

The invention relates to a composite antifreeze agent suitable for euphausia superba, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: arginine 10%, lysine 10%, proline 30%, histidine 30%, trehalose 10%, and sodium citrate 10%.

The application method comprises the following concrete implementation steps:

(1) adding 950g of water into 50g of the composite antifreeze agent, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

(2) 500g of antarctic krill meat is soaked in the composite antifreeze agent solution for 1h at 15 ℃.

(3) When the composite antifreeze agent solution is used for soaking, a terahertz wave processor is used for processing, the terahertz wave processor is placed at the bottom of the soaking solution, the terahertz frequency is 0.1THz, the power is 80mW, and the processing time is 1 h.

Example 3

The invention relates to a composite antifreeze agent suitable for euphausia superba, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: arginine 10%, lysine 30%, proline 30%, histidine 10%, trehalose 15%, and sodium citrate 5%.

The application method comprises the following concrete implementation steps:

(1) adding 950g of water into 50g of the composite antifreeze agent, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

(2) 500g of antarctic krill meat is soaked in the composite antifreeze agent solution for 1h at 4 ℃.

(3) When the composite antifreeze agent solution is used for soaking, a terahertz wave processor is used for processing, the terahertz wave processor is placed at the bottom of the soaking solution, the terahertz frequency is 0.3THz, the power is 80mW, and the processing time is 1 h.

Example 4

The invention relates to a composite antifreeze agent suitable for euphausia superba, which is prepared by compounding the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20% of arginine, 20% of lysine, 20% of proline, 20% of histidine, 5% of trehalose and 15% of sodium citrate.

The application method comprises the following concrete implementation steps:

(1) adding 950g of water into 50g of the composite antifreeze agent, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

(2) 200g of antarctic krill meat is soaked in the composite antifreeze agent solution for 2h at 4 ℃.

(3) When the composite antifreeze agent solution is used for soaking, a terahertz wave processor is used for processing, the terahertz wave processor is placed at the bottom of the soaking solution, the terahertz frequency is 0.1THz, the power is 100mW, and the processing time is 2 h.

Example 5

The invention relates to a composite antifreeze agent suitable for euphausia superba, which is prepared by compounding the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30% of arginine, 30% of lysine, 20% of proline, 10% of histidine, 5% of trehalose and 5% of sodium citrate.

The application method comprises the following concrete implementation steps:

(1) adding 950g of water into 50g of the composite antifreeze agent, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

(2) 500g of antarctic krill meat is soaked in the composite antifreeze agent solution for 2 hours at 4 ℃.

(3) When the composite antifreeze agent solution is used for soaking, a terahertz wave processor is used for processing, the terahertz wave processor is placed at the bottom of the soaking solution, the terahertz frequency is 0.2THz, the power is 80mW, and the processing time is 2 h.

Example 6

The invention relates to a composite antifreeze agent suitable for euphausia superba, which is prepared by compounding the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20% of arginine, 20% of lysine, 10% of proline, 20% of histidine, 15% of trehalose and 15% of sodium citrate.

The application method comprises the following concrete implementation steps:

(1) adding 950g of water into 50g of the composite antifreeze agent, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

(2) 2000g of Antarctic krill meat is soaked in the composite antifreeze agent solution for 0.5h at 4 ℃.

(3) When the composite antifreeze agent solution is used for soaking, a terahertz wave processor is used for processing, the terahertz wave processor is placed at the bottom of the soaking solution, the terahertz frequency is 0.3THz, the power is 100mW, and the processing time is 0.5 h.

Example 7

The invention relates to a composite antifreeze agent suitable for euphausia superba, which is prepared by compounding the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30% of arginine, 10% of lysine, 10% of proline, 30% of histidine, 15% of trehalose and 5% of sodium citrate.

The application method comprises the following concrete implementation steps:

(1) adding 950g of water into 50g of the composite antifreeze agent, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

(2) soaking 333g of antarctic krill meat in the composite antifreeze agent solution for 1h at 10 ℃.

(3) When the composite antifreeze agent solution is used for soaking, a terahertz wave processor is used for processing, the terahertz wave processor is placed at the bottom of the soaking solution, the terahertz frequency is 0.2THz, the power is 50mW, and the processing time is 1 h.

Comparative example 1

A composite antifreeze agent with antifreeze effect is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 100 percent of sodium citrate.

An application method of a composite antifreeze agent with an antifreeze effect comprises the following specific implementation steps:

(1) adding 950g of water into 50g of the composite antifreeze agent, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

(2) 500g of antarctic krill meat is soaked in the composite antifreeze agent solution for 1h at 4 ℃.

Comparative example 2

A composite antifreeze agent with antifreeze effect is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50% of trehalose and 50% of sodium citrate.

An application method of a composite antifreeze agent with an antifreeze effect comprises the following specific implementation steps:

(1) adding 950g of water into 50g of the composite antifreeze agent, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

(2) 500g of antarctic krill meat is soaked in the composite antifreeze agent solution for 1h at 4 ℃.

Comparative example 3

A composite antifreeze agent with antifreeze effect is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 60% of arginine, 20% of trehalose and 20% of sodium citrate.

An application method of a composite antifreeze agent with an antifreeze effect comprises the following specific implementation steps:

(1) adding 950g of water into 50g of the composite antifreeze agent, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

(2) 500g of antarctic krill meat is soaked in the composite antifreeze agent solution for 1h at 4 ℃.

Comparative example 4

A composite antifreeze agent with antifreeze effect is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: lysine 60%, trehalose 20% and sodium citrate 20%.

An application method of a composite antifreeze agent with an antifreeze effect comprises the following specific implementation steps:

(1) adding 950g of water into 50g of the composite antifreeze agent, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

(2) 500g of antarctic krill meat is soaked in the composite antifreeze agent solution for 1h at 4 ℃.

Comparative example 5

A composite antifreeze agent with antifreeze effect is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: proline 60%, trehalose 20%, and sodium citrate 20%.

An application method of a composite antifreeze agent with an antifreeze effect comprises the following specific implementation steps:

(1) adding 950g of water into 50g of the composite antifreeze agent, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

(2) 500g of antarctic krill meat is soaked in the composite antifreeze agent solution for 1h at 4 ℃.

Comparative example 6

A composite antifreeze agent with antifreeze effect is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 60% of histidine, 20% of trehalose and 20% of sodium citrate.

An application method of a composite antifreeze agent with an antifreeze effect comprises the following specific implementation steps:

(1) adding 950g of water into 50g of the composite antifreeze agent, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

(2) 500g of antarctic krill meat is soaked in the composite antifreeze agent solution for 1h at 4 ℃.

Comparative example 7

An antifreeze agent for commercially available aquatic products, which has a brand with various tastes and a product model of BXF 01.

The application method of the antifreeze agent for the commercially available aquatic products comprises the following specific implementation steps:

(1) adding 990g of water into 10g of the antifreeze agent for the commercially available aquatic products, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare an antifreeze agent solution for the aquatic products;

(2) 500g of antarctic krill meat is soaked in the antifreeze solution of the aquatic product for 15min at 4 ℃.

Comparative example 8

A traditional antifreeze agent with an antifreeze effect is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 48.8 percent of cane sugar, 48.8 percent of sorbitol and 2.4 percent of sodium tripolyphosphate.

An application method of a composite antifreeze agent with an antifreeze effect comprises the following specific implementation steps:

(1) adding water 918g into 82g of the traditional antifreeze agent, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare a traditional antifreeze agent solution;

(2) 500g of antarctic krill meat is soaked in a traditional antifreeze solution for 1h at 4 ℃.

Comparative example 9

A composite antifreeze agent with antifreeze effect is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10% of arginine, 20% of lysine, 20% of proline, 10% of histidine, 15% of trehalose, 5% of sodium citrate, 10% of konjac flour and 10% of tea polyphenol.

An application method of a composite antifreeze agent with an antifreeze effect comprises the following specific implementation steps:

(1) adding 950g of water into 50g of the composite antifreeze agent, uniformly mixing, and fully dissolving to prepare a composite antifreeze agent solution;

(2) 500g of antarctic krill meat is soaked in the composite antifreeze agent solution for 1h at 4 ℃.

Comparative example 10

The specific implementation steps are as follows: soaking 500g of Antarctic phosphorus shrimp meat in 1000g of solution for 1h at 4 ℃, and draining water after soaking; the solution is purified water without any added antifreeze component.

The Antarctic krill soaked and drained in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention was used as a sample and stored in a freezer at-18 ℃ for 3 months.

Index measurement:

(1) thawing loss rate: namely, after each sample is frozen and stored for 3 months, the sample is completely thawed at 4 ℃, and the quality changes before and after thawing. The lower the thawing loss rate, the less juice loss and the lower the loss.

Thawing loss rate (mass before thawing-mass after thawing)/mass before thawing × 100%

(2) Water retention: namely, after each sample is frozen and stored for 3 months, the sample is completely unfrozen at 4 ℃, the surface moisture is wiped off, and the sample is centrifuged for 20min at 3000g, and the mass changes before and after centrifugation. The smaller the mass change value before and after centrifugation, the larger the water holding capacity, indicating that the water holding capacity of antarctic krill after frozen storage is better.

Water holding capacity is defined as mass after centrifugation/mass before centrifugation × 100%

Data for thaw loss and water retention reflect the degree of protein denaturation from the side.

Thus, table 1 was prepared: thawing loss rate and water retention of each example and comparative example

Table 1: thawing loss rate and water retention of each example and comparative example

Comparative example 8 is a conventional common antifreeze, comparative example 7 is a commercial antifreeze, and the literature shows that trehalose has a sweetness of about 45% of that of sucrose, and is slowly absorbed in vivo and has a gentle glycemic response.

As can be seen from table 1, the thawing loss rate of the samples treated by the examples of the present invention was controlled to be 10% or less after 3 months of freezing, which is generally lower than that of each comparative example; the water binding capacity is more than 70 percent, and is generally higher than that of a comparative example. From the data of the thawing loss rate and the water retention, the most preferred example is example 3, which has a thawing loss rate of 6.6%, which is much lower than comparative example 10 as a control, and a water retention of 77.3%, which is much higher than comparative example 10 as a control, and which is superior to the conventional formulation of antifreeze (comparative example 8) and the commercial antifreeze (comparative example 7), and also has a significant enhancing effect compared to example 1 which has the same formulation but is not subjected to the terahertz treatment. From the viewpoint of formulation rationality and industrial production cost, the most preferable example is also example 3, while the formulation is more complicated, and the effect of comparative example 9 in which more different components are added is not remarkable, much less superior than example 3.

Therefore, the composite antifreeze agent suitable for the antarctic krill and the application thereof can better slow down the protein denaturation of the antarctic krill in the freezing process, protect the protein structure, reduce the juice loss per se and enhance the water holding capacity; the method can reduce the cost loss in the industrial production and transportation processes, improve the processing characteristics, improve the processing quality of subsequent products, and has the characteristics of safe components, low sweetness and simple use method.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.