阅读说明：本技术 一种薄壁工件的激光去毛刺加工装置与方法 (Laser deburring machining device and method for thin-wall workpiece ) 是由 王明娣 刘卫兵 赵栋 郭敏超 王贤宝 张晓� 倪玉吉 于 2021-02-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种薄壁工件的激光去毛刺加工装置与方法,其加工方法基于激光去毛刺加工装置实施,加工装置包括固定座、转动地设置在所述固定座上的第一辊轮、能够趋近或远离所述第一辊轮运动地设置在所述固定座上的滑动座、转动地设置在所述滑动座上的第二辊轮、驱使所述第一辊轮或所述第二辊轮绕自身轴心线旋转的驱动机构,以及激光工作头、激光器。本发明的一种薄壁零件激光去毛刺加工装置与加工方法,通过调节激光工作头的出光路径和待加工面的夹角,同时对工艺参数进行合理设置,使加工后的零件的薄壁处能生成圆弧倒角,且薄壁边缘光滑、无毛刺残留、无变色、无翘曲变形,使工件一次性达到使用要求,避免对工件边缘进行二次加工。(The invention discloses a laser deburring processing device and method for a thin-wall workpiece, wherein the processing method is implemented based on the laser deburring processing device, the processing device comprises a fixed seat, a first roller wheel which is rotatably arranged on the fixed seat, a sliding seat which is arranged on the fixed seat and can move close to or far away from the first roller wheel, a second roller wheel which is rotatably arranged on the sliding seat, a driving mechanism which drives the first roller wheel or the second roller wheel to rotate around the axis of the driving mechanism, a laser working head and a laser. According to the laser deburring processing device and the processing method for the thin-wall part, the included angle between the light emitting path of the laser working head and the surface to be processed is adjusted, and the process parameters are reasonably set, so that the arc chamfer can be generated at the thin wall of the processed part, the edge of the thin wall is smooth, no burr is left, no color change is caused, no warping deformation is caused, the workpiece meets the use requirement once, and the secondary processing of the edge of the workpiece is avoided.)

1. The utility model provides a laser burring processingequipment of thin wall work piece which characterized in that: the laser working head comprises a fixing seat, a first roller wheel, a sliding seat, a second roller wheel, a driving mechanism, a laser working head and a laser, wherein the first roller wheel is rotatably arranged on the fixing seat, the sliding seat is movably arranged on the fixing seat and can approach to or be far away from the first roller wheel, the second roller wheel is rotatably arranged on the sliding seat, the driving mechanism drives the first roller wheel or the second roller wheel to rotate around the axis of the driving mechanism, the axis of the first roller wheel and the axis of the second roller wheel are parallel to each other, and the laser working head can be arranged in a lifting mode along the vertical direction.

2. The laser deburring processing apparatus for thin-walled workpieces of claim 1, characterized in that: the shaft axis of the first roller and the shaft axis of the second roller are located on the same horizontal plane, and the diameter of the first roller is the same as that of the second roller.

3. The laser deburring processing apparatus for thin-walled workpieces of claim 1, characterized in that: the thin-wall workpiece to be machined is annular, the thin-wall workpiece is tensioned between the first roller and the second roller, and the thin-wall workpiece is provided with a section to be machined, which is positioned between the first roller and the second roller and extends linearly along the horizontal direction.

4. The laser deburring processing apparatus for thin-walled workpieces according to claim 3, characterized in that: the laser working head is positioned above the section to be processed or positioned at one side of the section to be processed, an included angle alpha is formed between a light emitting path of the laser working head and a surface to be processed of the section to be processed, the laser working head is adjustably arranged, so that the included angle alpha can be adjustably arranged, and the angle adjusting range of the included angle alpha is as follows: alpha is more than 0 and less than or equal to 45 degrees.

5. The laser deburring processing apparatus for thin-walled workpieces of claim 1, characterized in that: the driving mechanism is a motor arranged on the sliding seat, and an output shaft of the motor is in transmission connection with the second roller.

6. A laser deburring method for a thin-wall workpiece is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) tensioning and rotatably arranging the thin-wall workpiece, so that at least part of the thin-wall workpiece linearly extends along the horizontal direction to be used as a section to be processed;

(2) determining the processing initial position of the thin-wall workpiece, and adjusting a laser and a laser working head to realize focusing on the initial position;

(3) and driving the thin-wall workpiece to rotate at a set speed, starting a laser, and performing laser deburring on the section to be machined.

7. The laser deburring method of a thin-walled workpiece as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (3), the laser scanning speed is 3500 mm/min-4500 mm/min, and the power of the laser is 200W-280W; the defocusing amount is-0.5 mm.

8. The laser deburring method of a thin-walled workpiece as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: in the step (3), the laser scanning speed is 4000mm/min, and the power of the laser is 240W; the defocusing amount is-0.5 mm.

9. The laser deburring method of a thin-walled workpiece as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: and (3) adding protective gas to the position to be processed, wherein the pressure of the protective gas is 0.2-1.5 MPa.

10. The laser deburring method of a thin-walled workpiece as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: the laser deburring method is carried out based on the laser deburring processing apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to a laser deburring processing device and method for a thin-wall workpiece.

Background

The cobalt sheet part in the automobile gearbox is a thin-wall strip-shaped product, the production and processing of the cobalt sheet part are usually obtained by laser cutting, and the edge of the cobalt sheet often generates a large amount of burrs to influence the performance of the gearbox. The reason for the burr on the cobalt sheet is specifically as follows: the laser cutting machine generates deviation of the upper position and the lower position of a laser beam focus, so that energy is not just converged on a workpiece, the workpiece is not fully vaporized, the generation amount of slag is increased, the slag is not easily blown off, and burrs are generated. Meanwhile, the cutting line speed of the laser cutting machine is too slow, the purity of the auxiliary gas cannot meet the required standard, the surface quality of a cutting surface is damaged, and burrs can be generated on a workpiece.

For thin-wall parts such as cobalt sheets and the like, the deburring method adopted at present comprises the modes of laser cutting, dry ice cleaning and the like. The laser cutting is to melt and evaporate a workpiece by energy released when a laser beam irradiates the surface of the workpiece so as to achieve the purpose of cutting burrs, and has the main disadvantages that a processed thin wall is a plane, an arc chamfer cannot be generated, the use requirement of a gearbox cannot be met, and the edge needs to be secondarily processed. The dry ice cleaning is to utilize the embrittlement and explosion phenomenon generated after dry ice particles contact the surface of dirt, so that the dirt is shrunk and loosened, and then the dry ice particles are instantly gasified and expanded by 800 times to generate strong stripping force, so that the dirt is quickly and thoroughly peeled off from the surface of an object. The disadvantages of dry ice cleaning are mainly: the deburring efficiency is low, the residual burrs are more, the dry ice cleaning cost is higher, and the dry ice cleaning method is not suitable for large-scale application. At present, no special deburring equipment for thin-wall parts (the thickness is less than 0.02 mm) such as cobalt sheets exists in the market.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a laser deburring processing device capable of effectively removing burrs on a thin-wall part.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model provides a laser burring processingequipment of thin wall work piece, includes the fixing base, sets up with rotating first running roller on the fixing base, can approach or keep away from first running roller sets up with moving sliding seat on the fixing base, set up with rotating second running roller on the sliding seat, order about first running roller or the second running roller is around the rotatory actuating mechanism of self axial lead to and laser working head, laser instrument, wherein, first running roller with these axial lead between them of second running roller are parallel to each other, the laser working head can set up along vertical direction with going up and down.

Preferably, the axis of the first roller and the axis of the second roller are located on the same horizontal plane, and the diameter of the first roller is the same as that of the second roller.

Preferably, the thin-wall workpiece to be machined is annular, the thin-wall workpiece is tensioned between the first roller and the second roller, and the thin-wall workpiece is provided with a section to be machined, which is located between the first roller and the second roller and extends linearly along the horizontal direction.

Further preferably, the laser working head is located above the section to be processed or located at one side of the section to be processed, an included angle α is formed between a light outgoing path of the laser working head and a surface to be processed of the section to be processed, the laser working head is adjustably arranged so that an angle of the included angle α is adjustably set, and an angle adjustment range of the included angle α is as follows: alpha is more than 0 and less than or equal to 45 degrees.

Preferably, the driving mechanism is a motor arranged on the sliding seat, and an output shaft of the motor is in transmission connection with the second roller.

The invention also aims to provide a laser deburring method based on the laser deburring processing device, which adopts the technical scheme that:

a laser deburring method for a thin-wall workpiece comprises the following steps:

(1) tensioning and rotatably arranging the thin-wall workpiece, so that at least part of the thin-wall workpiece linearly extends along the horizontal direction to be used as a section to be processed;

(2) determining the processing initial position of the thin-wall workpiece, and adjusting a laser and a laser working head to realize focusing on the initial position;

(3) and driving the thin-wall workpiece to rotate at a set speed, starting a laser, and performing laser deburring on the section to be machined.

Preferably, in the step (3), the laser scanning rate is 3500 mm/min-4500 mm/min, and the power of the laser is 200W-280W; the defocusing amount is-0.5 mm.

Further preferably, in the step (3), the laser scanning speed is 4000mm/min, and the power of the laser is 240W; the defocusing amount is-0.5 mm.

Further preferably, in the step (3), a shielding gas is added to the position to be processed, and the pressure of the shielding gas is 0.2MPa to 1.5 MPa.

Further preferably, the laser deburring method is implemented based on the laser deburring processing apparatus.

Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: according to the laser deburring processing device and the processing method for the thin-wall part, the thin-wall workpiece is clamped and rotated in a specific mode, so that the position to be processed on the thin-wall workpiece sequentially passes below the laser working head, the arc chamfer can be generated at the thin wall of the processed thin-wall part by adjusting the included angle between the light emitting path of the laser working head and the surface to be processed and reasonably setting the process parameters, the edge of the thin wall is smooth, no burr is left, no color is changed, no warping deformation occurs, the workpiece can meet the use requirement at one time, and the efficiency and the quality of laser deburring are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a laser deburring apparatus used in the deburring method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a laser deburring processing apparatus used in the deburring method of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a morphology of a thin-walled workpiece after a local area of the thin-walled workpiece is enlarged by 500 times before machining;

FIG. 4 is a profile view of a thin-walled workpiece processed by the existing laser cutting technique with a local area of the thin wall enlarged by 800 times;

fig. 5 is a morphology diagram of a thin-wall workpiece processed by the deburring processing device of the present invention after the local region of the thin wall is enlarged by 1000 times, wherein the adopted process parameters are as follows: the laser scanning speed is 4000mm/min, the power of the laser is 240W, and the defocusing amount is-0.5 mm;

wherein: 100. a box body; 101. a machining area; 102. a storage area; 1. a fixed seat; 2. a first roller; 3. a second roller; 4. a sliding seat; 5. a drive mechanism (motor); 6. a laser working head; 7. a laser; 8. a base; 9. a working condition machine; 10. a PLC control cabinet; 11. a water cooling machine; 12. thin-walled workpieces.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the laser deburring device for thin-walled workpieces comprises a fixed base 1, a first roller 2 rotatably arranged on the fixed base 1, a sliding base 4 capable of approaching or moving away from the first roller 2 and arranged on the fixed base 1, a second roller 3 rotatably arranged on the sliding base 4, a driving mechanism 5 driving the first roller 2 or the second roller 3 to rotate around the axis of the driving mechanism, a laser working head 6 and a laser 7, wherein the axes of the first roller 2 and the second roller 3 are parallel to each other, and the laser working head 6 can be arranged in a lifting manner along the vertical direction.

Referring to fig. 1, the axis of the first roller 2 and the axis of the second roller 3 are located on the same horizontal plane, the diameter of the first roller 2 is the same as that of the second roller 3, the thin-walled workpiece 12 to be machined is annular, the thin-walled workpiece 12 is tensioned between the first roller 2 and the second roller 3, and the thin-walled workpiece 12 has a section to be machined, which is located between the first roller 2 and the second roller 3 and extends linearly in the horizontal direction.

The laser working head 6 is positioned above the section to be processed or positioned at one side of the section to be processed, so that the focusing adjustment of the position to be processed on the workpiece 12 is realized by adjusting the height of the laser working head 6. Meanwhile, when the workpiece 12 is installed/removed, the height of the laser working head 6 can be increased, so that the workpiece can be conveniently loaded and unloaded, and the laser working head 6 can be prevented from being damaged in the loading and unloading processes. The light-emitting path of the laser working head 6 and the surface to be processed of the section to be processed form an included angle alpha, the laser working head 6 is adjustably arranged, so that the included angle alpha can be adjustably arranged, and the angle adjusting range of the included angle alpha is as follows: alpha is more than 0 and less than or equal to 45 degrees, so that a smooth arc chamfer can be generated at the thin wall of the thin-wall workpiece 12 in the machining process, the workpiece can meet the use requirement at one time, and the secondary machining of the thin wall of the thin-wall workpiece 12 can be avoided.

The sliding seat 4 can slide relative to the fixed seat 1 along the left-right direction, the driving mechanism 5 is a motor 5 arranged on the sliding seat 4, and an output shaft of the motor 5 is in transmission connection with the second roller 3, so that when the thin-wall workpiece 12 is installed on the first roller 2 and the second roller 3, the distance between the sliding seat 4 and the first roller 2 is increased, the thin-wall workpiece 12 can be in a tensioning state, and the thin-wall workpiece 12 is prevented from falling off from the first roller 2 and the second roller 3 in the machining process. Moreover, when the motor 5 rotates, the second roller 3 can drive the thin-wall workpiece 12 to move, so that an unprocessed section of the thin-wall workpiece 12 moves and is converted into a section to be processed, and continuous processing of the thin-wall workpiece 12 by the laser is realized.

Referring to fig. 1, the processing device further includes a base 8 disposed at the bottom of the fixing base 1, and the fixing base 1 can slide relative to the base 8. Specifically, one of the fixed seat 1 and the base 8 is provided with a plurality of sets of guide rails (not shown in the figure) extending in the front-back direction, the other component is provided with a plurality of sets of sliding grooves (not shown in the figure) capable of being matched with the guide rails, and an adjusting device (not shown in the figure) capable of adjusting the sliding distance of the fixed seat 1 relative to the base 8 is further arranged between the base 8 and the fixed seat 1, so that the adjusting range of the processing device can be expanded.

Referring to fig. 2, the processing device further includes an operating condition machine 9, a PLC control cabinet 10, and a water cooling machine 11 for cooling the processing device, in this embodiment, the processing device is integrated in a box 100, the upper portion of the box 100 is a processing area 101 for processing the thin-wall workpiece 12, the lower side is a storage area 102 for storing the laser 7 and the operating condition machine 9, and the PLC control cabinet 10 and the water cooling machine 11 are disposed outside the box 100, so that the structure of the processing device is clear, and the processing device is convenient to detach and install.

The laser deburring method is implemented based on the laser deburring processing device, and the thin-wall workpiece 12 to be processed in the embodiment is a cobalt sheet workpiece. Before the thin-wall workpiece 12 is machined, firstly, a microscopic analysis device is used for observing and analyzing a part to be machined of the thin-wall workpiece 12, wherein the magnification is 500 times, a specific appearance diagram is shown in figure 3, the circle part in the diagram is sheet-shaped burrs, and a large amount of sheet-shaped burrs exist at the thin wall part of the thin-wall workpiece 12 before the thin-wall workpiece 12 is deburred.

The thin-wall workpiece 12 is deburred by respectively using the existing laser cutting technology and the laser deburring method of the invention, after the thin-wall workpiece 12 is machined by using the existing laser cutting technology, the thin-wall region machined by the thin-wall workpiece 12 is observed and analyzed by using microscopic analysis equipment, the magnification is 800 times, the specific microscopic morphology is shown in figure 4, in the figure, a1 is a splash, and b1, c1 and d1 are residue particles, so that after the thin-wall workpiece 12 is machined by using the existing laser cutting technology, molten metal cooling accumulation and residue particle adhesion exist at the thin wall part.

When the deburring device is used for deburring the thin-wall workpiece 12, the specific operation steps are as follows:

firstly, tensioning and rotatably arranging a thin-wall workpiece 12 between a first roller 2 and a second roller 3, so that at least part of the thin-wall workpiece 12 extends linearly along the horizontal direction to be used as a section to be processed;

then determining the processing initial position of the thin-wall workpiece 12, adjusting the laser 7 and the laser working head 6 to realize focusing on the initial position, and simultaneously setting the process parameters of the laser, wherein the process parameter range is as follows: the laser scanning speed is 3500 mm/min-4500 mm/min, the power of the laser 7 is 200W-280W, and the defocusing amount is-0.5 mm;

and finally, setting the rotation speed of the motor 5 so as to drive the thin-wall workpiece 12 to rotate at a set speed, starting the laser 7, performing laser deburring on the section to be processed, and adding protective gas to the position to be processed at the same time, wherein the pressure of the protective gas is 0.2-1.5 MPa, and in the embodiment, the protective gas is preferably nitrogen or argon.

After the thin-wall workpiece 12 is machined, the distance between the sliding seat 4 and the first roller 2 is reduced, the thin-wall workpiece 12 is taken down from the first roller 2 and the second roller 3, and the machined part of the thin-wall workpiece 12 is observed and analyzed by using a microscopic analysis device, wherein the magnification is 1000 times.

In this embodiment, the influencing factors and levels are determined by a single factor test, and then an orthogonal test is adopted, wherein the orthogonal test table is a three-factor three-level orthogonal test table L₉（3⁴) The specific factors and levels are as follows:

laser scanning rate: 3500mm/min, 4000mm/min and 4500 mm/min;

laser power: 200W, 240W and 280W;

defocus amount: -0.5mm, 0mm, 0.5 mm;

in this embodiment, the surface quality of the thin wall is taken as a judgment basis, and the optimal result of the orthogonal test is determined by analyzing the result of the orthogonal test, under the condition of the test, when the laser scanning rate is 4000mm/min, the power of the laser is 240W, the defocusing amount is-0.5 mm, and the surface quality is optimal, as shown in fig. 5, it can be seen from the figure that the edge of the thin wall has no residual burr and no texture trace, the edge of the thin wall has a smooth arc chamfer, and no discoloration and warpage deformation. Of course, the working personnel can further adjust and optimize the process parameters according to the actual processing environment and the processing requirements.

In conclusion, when the laser deburring device and the laser deburring method are used for machining the thin-wall workpiece 12, burrs at the thin wall can be effectively removed, and the removing effect is superior to that of the existing laser cutting technology.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the present invention.