阅读说明：本技术 活泼金属外场增材修复的气氛保护装置及修复方法 (Atmosphere protection device for active metal external field additive repair and repair method ) 是由 赵晓明 胡广 邱莹 胡腾腾 于 2020-12-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于外场增材修复技术领域,涉及一种活泼金属外场增材修复的气氛保护装置及修复方法,包括伞帽、伞面以及真空带状吸盘；伞帽、伞面以及真空带状吸盘自上而下依次连接并形成钟罩式密封结构；伞面上设置有进气管路以及排气管路；真空带状吸盘吸附在待修复零件表面上；伞帽顶端开设有激光修复机械手臂贯穿孔。本发明提供了一种优化外场修复气氛保护环境、可根据修复区域面积自由调整以及可有效确保修复质量的活泼金属外场增材修复的气氛保护装置及修复方法。(The invention belongs to the technical field of outfield additive repair, and relates to an atmosphere protection device and a repair method for active metal outfield additive repair, which comprises an umbrella cap, an umbrella cover and a vacuum strip-shaped sucker; the umbrella cap, the umbrella surface and the vacuum strip-shaped sucker are sequentially connected from top to bottom to form a bell-type sealing structure; an air inlet pipeline and an exhaust pipeline are arranged on the umbrella surface; the vacuum strip-shaped sucker is adsorbed on the surface of the part to be repaired; the top end of the umbrella cap is provided with a laser repairing mechanical arm through hole. The atmosphere protection device and the repair method for the active metal outfield material increase repair are capable of optimizing the outfield repair atmosphere protection environment, freely adjusting according to the area of a repair area and effectively ensuring the repair quality.)

1. The utility model provides an atmosphere protection device that active metal outfield vibration material disk was restoreed which characterized in that: the atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair comprises an umbrella cap (7), an umbrella cover (12) and a vacuum strip-shaped sucker (3); the umbrella cap (7), the umbrella cover (12) and the vacuum strip-shaped sucker (3) are sequentially connected from top to bottom to form a bell-jar type sealing structure; the umbrella cover (12) is provided with an air inlet pipeline (4) and an exhaust pipeline (6); the vacuum strip-shaped sucker (3) is adsorbed on the surface (1) of the part to be repaired; the top end of the umbrella cap (7) is provided with a laser repairing mechanical arm through hole.

2. The atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair according to claim 1, characterized in that: said canopy (12) includes a plurality of rib support plates (5); the plurality of umbrella rib supporting pieces (5) are sequentially spliced to form a cylindrical structure; the top of the umbrella surface (12) is connected with the bottom of the umbrella cap (7); the bottom of the umbrella cover (12) is circumferentially provided with a vacuum strip-shaped sucker (3).

3. The atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair according to claim 2, characterized in that: the atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield material increase repair further comprises a rubber connecting section (15) arranged between the bottom of the umbrella cover (12) and the vacuum strip-shaped sucker (3).

4. An atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair according to claim 3, characterized in that: the umbrella frame supporting sheet (5) is made of transparent, air-tight and high-temperature-resistant flexible high polymer materials; the material of the umbrella frame supporting sheet (5) is PVC or PA.

5. The atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair according to claim 4, wherein: the exhaust pipeline (6) and the air inlet pipeline (4) are sequentially arranged on the umbrella rib supporting plate (5) from top to bottom.

6. An atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair according to claim 5, wherein: the vacuum strip-shaped sucker (3) is provided with one or more vacuum sucker air holes (2), and the vacuum sucker air holes (2) are uniformly distributed on the vacuum strip-shaped sucker (3).

7. The atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair of claim 6, wherein: the vacuum sucker air-vent hole (2) is provided with a transition area rubber piston (14) and an external switch knob (13) communicated with the inside of the vacuum belt-shaped sucker (3).

8. An atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein: the atmosphere protection device for active metal external field additive repair further comprises a rubber protection layer (11) arranged on the inner wall of the through hole of the laser repair mechanical arm.

9. An atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair according to claim 8, wherein: the atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair further comprises an oxygen monitoring system (9) arranged inside the umbrella cap (7).

10. The method for performing active metal outfield additive repair on the basis of the atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair according to claim 9, is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:

1) carrying out grinding and polishing pretreatment on the surface (1) of the part to be repaired to remove surface oxide skin and impurities;

2) judging whether the surface (1) of the part to be repaired needs atmosphere protection, and if so, directly performing the step 3); if not, the repairing process is exited;

3) moving synchronously with the additive repairing mechanical arm, and moving the vacuum belt-shaped sucker (3) to the position above the surface (1) of the part to be repaired;

4) after confirming the positions of the vacuum strip-shaped sucker (3) and the surface (1) of the part to be repaired, vacuumizing the vacuum strip-shaped sucker (3) through a vacuum sucker air-inflating hole (2) on the vacuum strip-shaped sucker (3), fixing an umbrella cover (12) connected with the vacuum strip-shaped sucker (3) on the periphery of the surface (1) of the part to be repaired, and ensuring that the umbrella cover (12) is tightly attached to the surface (1) of the part to be repaired;

5) through the air inlet pipeline (4) to the bell-jar sealing structure formed by the umbrella cap (7), the umbrella cover (12) and the vacuum strip-shaped sucker (3)Protective gas is filled, the exhaust pipeline (6) and an oxygen monitoring system (9) arranged in the umbrella cap (7) are opened simultaneously, and the gas flow l of the gas inlet pipeline (4) is controlled_{Intake air}And the gas flow l of the exhaust line (6)_{Exhaust of gases}Always maintain l_{Intake air}＞l_{Exhaust of gases}(ii) a Monitoring the oxygen content in the bell-type sealing structure through an oxygen monitoring system (9), and if the oxygen content is lower than a set threshold value, performing a step 6); if the oxygen content is higher than the set threshold value, continuously filling the protective gas until the oxygen content in the bell-type sealing structure is lower than the set threshold value, and then performing step 6); the shielding gas is preferably argon;

6) according to the size and the material of the surface (1) of the part to be repaired, corresponding metal powder and process parameters are selected for laser repair.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of outfield additive repair, relates to an atmosphere protection device for additive repair and a repair method, and particularly relates to an atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair and a repair method.

Background

When repairing large-scale equipment parts of modern aerospace, the disassembly and transportation processes of some damaged parts with huge structures are complex, and the maintenance complexity is greatly increased. Therefore, the repair process is simplified, the repair environment under the external field condition is established, and the method has great guiding significance for reducing the repair cycle of the damaged parts.

The laser stereo forming technology is an advanced manufacturing technology which takes high-energy laser beams as heat sources to melt metal powder and then rapidly forms and solidifies the metal powder. The special characteristics of the technology, such as no mould and near net shaping, can successfully realize the outfield repair of large-scale metal parts.

In the process of external field additive repair, certain active metals (such as titanium alloy, aluminum alloy and the like) are easy to oxidize in the atmospheric environment, and the repair of the alloy materials needs to be carried out under the protection of inert atmosphere. The existing atmosphere protection mode is generally carried out in a metal sealed protection cabin. For repairing a small area under an external field environment, when a vacuum closed chamber is used for protection, on one hand, parts are not easy to be placed into the closed chamber due to overlarge size, and on the other hand, the area of the repaired area is small, so that a large amount of protective gas is consumed when the parts are integrally placed into the closed chamber, and resource and cost waste is caused. The forming cabin is limited by the sizes of parts and the environment of an outfield, and has the defects of long time for sealing the box, difficulty in carrying and the like, so that the outfield repairing efficiency is greatly reduced. In addition, if the active metal material is directly repaired in an external environment without adopting a closed atmosphere protection cabin, the repair material and the repair area are seriously oxidized to cause the result that the material performance of the repair area does not reach the standard, so that the normal use of the part is influenced, and even the whole part is scrapped in serious cases.

The most current solutions to the above problems are: a large-scale airtight cabin is not used, transparent and light-transmitting plastic bags such as plastic bags and the like are directly adhered to a repairing base body and a mechanical arm by using adhesive tape paper, the plastic bags are perforated by using an air supply pipeline, and then protective gas is filled in the plastic bags. Although the defects of difficult equipment access, long box sealing time and the like caused by the closed forming cabin can be relieved by adopting the mode, in the actual operation process, the red light is difficult to point when the plastic bag is repaired due to limited vision, the whole-process monitoring in the repairing process is difficult to realize, and the repairing quality is difficult to ensure. In addition, the plastic bag material is difficult to guarantee, the degree of hugging closely of sticky tape adhesion is limited to because the safety cover is in the motion state for the laser, have higher requirement to the dynamic seal of lathe, simple sticky tape paper adhesion is difficult to guarantee repair area atmosphere protection purity. And after the protective gas is stopped to be introduced, the plastic bag is easy to collapse, if the repairing area is not completely cooled, the area is polluted when the plastic bag is adhered to the repairing area, and the flammable property of the plastic bag has great potential safety hazard. Moreover, when the repair process is finished, due to the lack of a self-cleaning system, the protective cover is directly scrapped in a common way, so that resource waste is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides an atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield material increase repair and a repair method, wherein the atmosphere protection environment for outfield repair is optimized, the atmosphere protection environment can be freely adjusted according to the area of a repair area, and the repair quality can be effectively ensured.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an atmosphere protection device that active metal outfield vibration material disk was restoreed which characterized in that: the atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair comprises an umbrella cap, an umbrella cover and a vacuum strip-shaped sucker; the umbrella cap, the umbrella cover and the vacuum strip-shaped sucker are sequentially connected from top to bottom to form a bell-type sealing structure; an air inlet pipeline and an exhaust pipeline are arranged on the umbrella cover; the vacuum strip-shaped sucker is adsorbed on the surface of the part to be repaired; the top end of the umbrella cap is provided with a laser repairing mechanical arm through hole.

The umbrella surface comprises a plurality of umbrella rib supporting pieces; the plurality of umbrella rib supporting pieces are sequentially spliced to form a cylindrical structure; the top of the umbrella surface is connected with the bottom of the umbrella cap; the bottom of the umbrella cover is circumferentially provided with a vacuum strip-shaped sucker.

The atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield material increase repair further comprises a rubber connecting section arranged between the bottom of the umbrella cover and the vacuum strip-shaped sucker.

The umbrella frame supporting sheet is made of transparent, air-impermeable and high-temperature-resistant flexible high polymer materials; the material of the umbrella frame supporting sheet is PVC or PA.

The air inlet pipeline and the exhaust pipeline are sequentially arranged on the umbrella rib supporting piece from bottom to top.

The vacuum strip-shaped sucker is provided with one or more vacuum sucker air holes which are uniformly distributed on the vacuum strip-shaped sucker.

The vacuum sucker air-inflating hole is provided with a transition area rubber piston and an external switch knob communicated with the inside of the vacuum belt-shaped sucker.

The atmosphere protection device for active metal external field additive repair further comprises a rubber protection layer arranged on the inner wall of the through hole of the laser repair mechanical arm.

The atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair further comprises an oxygen monitoring system arranged inside the umbrella cap.

The method for performing active metal outfield additive repair on the basis of the atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:

1) carrying out grinding and polishing pretreatment on the surface of the part to be repaired, and removing surface oxide skin and impurities;

2) judging whether the surface of the part to be repaired needs atmosphere protection, and if so, directly performing the step 3); if not, the repairing process is exited;

3) moving synchronously with the additive repairing mechanical arm, and moving the vacuum belt-shaped sucker to the position above the surface of the part to be repaired;

4) after confirming the positions of the vacuum strip-shaped sucker and the surface of the part to be repaired, vacuumizing the vacuum strip-shaped sucker through a vacuum sucker air-inflating hole on the vacuum strip-shaped sucker, fixing the umbrella cover connected with the vacuum strip-shaped sucker on the periphery of the surface of the part to be repaired, and ensuring that the umbrella cover is tightly attached to the surface of the part to be repaired;

5) the protective gas is filled into a bell-jar type sealing structure formed by the umbrella cap, the umbrella cover and the vacuum strip-shaped sucker through the air inlet pipeline, the exhaust pipeline and an oxygen monitoring system arranged in the umbrella cap are simultaneously started, and the gas flow l of the air inlet pipeline is controlled_{Intake air}And gas flow l of the exhaust line_{Exhaust of gases}Always maintain l_{Intake air}＞l_{Exhaust of gases}(ii) a Monitoring the oxygen content in the bell-type sealing structure through an oxygen monitoring system, and if the oxygen content is lower than a set threshold value, performing a step 6); if the oxygen content is higher than the set threshold value, continuously filling the protective gas until the oxygen content in the bell-type sealing structure is lower than the set threshold value, and then performing step 6); the shielding gas is preferably argon;

6) and selecting corresponding metal powder and process parameters to carry out laser repair according to the size and the material of the surface of the part to be repaired.

The invention has the advantages that:

the invention provides an atmosphere protection device and a repair method for active metal outfield material increase repair, wherein the protection device comprises an umbrella cap, an umbrella surface and a vacuum strip-shaped sucker; the umbrella cap, the umbrella surface and the vacuum strip-shaped sucker are sequentially connected from top to bottom to form a bell-type sealing structure; an air inlet pipeline and an exhaust pipeline are arranged on the umbrella surface; the vacuum strip-shaped sucker is adsorbed on the surface of the part to be repaired; the top end of the umbrella cap is provided with a laser repairing mechanical arm through hole. Compared with the airtight cabin of a large component, the outdoor repairing atmosphere protection environment can be optimized to a greater extent, the traditional metal airtight cabin form can be replaced, when the umbrella cover is opened, the umbrella rib supporting part can be quickly spread out to form a three-dimensional space, and the vacuum sucker at the bottom of the umbrella cover can freely select an adsorption area within a certain range. The vacuum chuck adopted by the flexible atmosphere protective umbrella can realize seamless connection between the atmosphere protective umbrella and a workpiece to be repaired, ensure the purity of the atmosphere in the repair umbrella, and facilitate the timely observation of the repair process due to the soft, transparent and light-transmitting characteristics of the umbrella fabric material; the protection area of the protective umbrella can be freely adjusted according to the relative position of the vacuum chuck and the repair workpiece; and the fixed range of the vacuum chuck can be freely adjusted according to the area of the repair area. The flexible characteristic can realize the large-range atmosphere protection condition during the outfield restoration of the large-size part, and the part to be restored does not need to be integrally placed in a closed protection cabin, so that the active metal alloy can be prevented from being oxidized. Compared with the size of the protective cabin, the smaller atmosphere protection of the protective umbrella can save the using amount of protective gas to a certain extent and save the cost, and the invention effectively solves the problem of difficult atmosphere protection under the current outfield restoration condition.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an atmosphere protection device for active metal external field additive repair provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a flexible atmosphere protection umbrella employed in the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a flexible atmosphere protection umbrella used in the present invention, which is attached to a part to be processed;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a vacuum chuck used in the present invention;

wherein:

1-the surface of a part to be repaired; 2-air holes are punched by a vacuum chuck; 3-vacuum band-shaped sucker; 4-an air inlet pipeline; 5-umbrella frame support sheet; 6-an exhaust pipeline; 7-umbrella cap; 8-laser repairing the mechanical arm; 9-an oxygen monitoring system; 10-repairing the mechanical arm; 11-a protective layer of rubber; 12-umbrella cover; 13-external switch knob; 14-transition zone rubber piston; 15-rubber connecting section.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides an atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield material increase repair, which comprises an umbrella cap 7, an umbrella cover 12 and a vacuum strip-shaped sucker 3; the umbrella cap 7, the umbrella surface 12 and the vacuum strip-shaped sucker 3 are sequentially connected from top to bottom to form a bell-type sealing structure; the umbrella surface 12 is provided with an air inlet pipeline 4 and an exhaust pipeline 6; the vacuum belt-shaped sucker 3 is adsorbed on the surface 1 of the part to be repaired; the top end of the umbrella cap 7 is provided with a laser repair mechanical arm through hole. The atmosphere protection device for active metal external field additive repair is positioned at the shaft end of the laser repair mechanical arm 8.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, canopy 12 includes a plurality of rib support plates 5; the plurality of umbrella rib supporting pieces 5 are sequentially spliced to form a cylindrical structure; the top of the umbrella surface 12 is connected with the bottom of the umbrella cap 7; the bottom of the umbrella cover 12 is circumferentially provided with a vacuum strip-shaped sucker 3. The atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield material increase repair further comprises a rubber connecting section 15 arranged between the bottom of the umbrella cover 12 and the vacuum strip-shaped sucker 3. The umbrella frame supporting sheet 5 is made of transparent, air-proof and high temperature resistant flexible polymer material, such as PVC or PA, and the umbrella cover material is transparent and light-permeable, can be repeatedly folded without damage and crease. The exhaust pipeline 6 and the air inlet pipeline 4 are sequentially arranged on the umbrella rib supporting sheet 5 from top to bottom. The vacuum strip-shaped sucker 3 is provided with one or more vacuum sucker air holes 2, the vacuum sucker air holes 2 are uniformly distributed on the vacuum strip-shaped sucker 3, and for example, in order to ensure the vacuum adsorption effect, one vacuum sucker air hole 2 is configured every 20 centimeters. One end of the umbrella cap 7 is directly connected with the laser repairing mechanical arm 8, and the other end is connected with the umbrella cover 12. The umbrella cover 12 is distributed in a sector, and when the laser repairing mechanical arm 8 moves within a stroke range, the umbrella cover 12 can move correspondingly along with the laser repairing mechanical arm 8 without affecting the overall atmosphere protection. The umbrella rib supporting sheet 5 is made of high temperature resistant PVC material and is used for supporting the whole umbrella cover to keep the shape, so that the protection umbrella can be prevented from collapsing caused by air leakage even if the protection gas is cut off. The air inlet pipeline 4 and the exhaust pipeline 6 are in threaded connection with the external protection air circuit and the air circuit. The gas to be charged is preferably argon, and since ρ argon > ρ air, the intake line 4 is arranged below the exhaust line 6 in order to ensure the air discharge. The vacuum strip-shaped sucker 3 is positioned between the umbrella cover 12 and the surface 1 of the part to be repaired, and the length of the part is about 10-20 cm. The vacuum strip-shaped sucker 3 is integrally provided with a vacuum adsorption disk on the single-side outer ring, so that an annular airtight channel is formed, and the sucker can be tightly adsorbed on a workpiece after being manually vacuumized from the outside. The vacuum strip-shaped sucker 3 is made of rubber, so that free adsorption under a negative pressure state can be realized.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the vacuum chuck vent hole 2 used in the present invention is provided with a transition area rubber piston 14 and an external switch knob 13 communicated with the inside of the vacuum belt chuck 3. In the process of vacuumizing, the external switch knob 13 is turned on, and the pump nozzle is connected with the transition area rubber piston 14 by a vacuumizing pump, so that gas can be extracted. Meanwhile, the inside of the vacuum belt-shaped sucker 3 is sucked out due to gas, the whole vacuum belt-shaped sucker is in a negative pressure state, and the vacuum belt-shaped sucker 3 can be tightly combined with a part under the influence of the negative pressure condition. The vacuum belt-shaped sucker 3 is connected with the umbrella body through glue, as shown in a rubber connecting section 15 in figure 4, one end of the rubber connecting section 15 of the vacuum sucker is tightly connected with the umbrella-shaped tissue, and the air tightness between the umbrella-shaped structure and the vacuum sucker can be ensured.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the atmosphere protection device for active metal external field additive repair further includes a rubber protection layer 11 disposed on an inner wall of the through hole of the laser repair robot arm. The atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair further comprises an oxygen monitoring system 9 arranged inside the umbrella cap 7.

A method for carrying out active metal outfield additive repair on the basis of an atmosphere protection device for active metal outfield additive repair comprises the following steps:

1) carrying out grinding and polishing pretreatment on the surface 1 of the part to be repaired to remove surface oxide skin and impurities;

2) judging whether the surface 1 of the part to be repaired needs atmosphere protection, and if so, directly performing the step 3); if not, the repairing process is exited; when the area to be repaired does not need atmosphere protection, the protective umbrella can be folded without being opened, and when the area to be repaired is made of titanium alloy and other easily-oxidized materials, the protective umbrella can be opened manually, so that the atmosphere protective umbrella is opened.

3) Moving synchronously with the additive repairing mechanical arm, and moving the vacuum belt-shaped sucker 3 to the position above the surface 1 of the part to be repaired;

4) after confirming the position of the vacuum strip-shaped sucker 3 and the surface 1 of the part to be repaired, vacuumizing the vacuum strip-shaped sucker 3 through a vacuum sucker air-inflating hole 2 on the vacuum strip-shaped sucker 3, fixing an umbrella cover 12 connected with the vacuum strip-shaped sucker 3 on the periphery of the surface 1 of the part to be repaired, and ensuring that the umbrella cover 12 is tightly attached to the surface 1 of the part to be repaired;

5) protective gas is filled into a bell-type sealing structure formed by the umbrella cap 7, the umbrella cover 12 and the vacuum strip-shaped sucker 3 through the air inlet pipeline 4, and meanwhile, the exhaust pipeline 6 and the oxygen monitoring system 9 arranged in the umbrella cap 7 are started. Controlling the gas flow l of the inlet line 4_{Intake air}And the gas flow rate l of the exhaust line 6_{Exhaust of gases}Always maintain l_{Intake air}＞l_{Exhaust of gases}(ii) a Monitoring the oxygen content in the bell-type sealing structure through an oxygen monitoring system 9, and if the oxygen content is lower than a set threshold value, performing step 6); if the oxygen content is higher than the set threshold value, continuously filling the protective gas until the oxygen content in the bell-type sealing structure is lower than the set threshold value, and then performing step 6); the protective gas is preferably argon, and as ρ argon > ρ air, when argon is introduced from the inlet line 4, the bottom of the protective umbrella is filled with argon and in turn upwards, and the air in the umbrella is pushed out through the outlet line 6. In the inflation process, the oxygen monitoring system 9 is observed to display a numerical value, and when the oxygen content in the umbrella is lower than a specified numerical value, repair preparation can be carried out.

6) And selecting corresponding metal powder and process parameters to carry out laser repair according to the size and the material of the surface 1 of the part to be repaired.

7) And (5) after the repairing process is finished, cooling the region to be repaired for a proper time until the temperature of the region to be repaired is reduced to a proper temperature, and reversely operating the steps 2) to 5), and finishing the repairing process. And (5) retracting the atmosphere protection umbrella to wait for the next use.