阅读说明：本技术 一种金属3d打印的逐层选择性杂质清理装置及工艺 (Layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning device and process for 3D printing of metal ) 是由 李奕 邹超 高鑫 于 2020-12-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及金属3D打印,提供一种金属3D打印的逐层选择性杂质清理装置及工艺,旨在解决金属3D打印时,会产生较大的颗粒杂质,随着打印层数的积累逐渐变大,当金属瘤大到一定程度后,就会阻挡刮刀,打印终止,从而导致零件加工失败的问题,包括水平设置的打印底盘,所述打印底盘的上端覆盖有下侧敞口设置的打印仓体；且打印仓体的顶壁上设有用于烧结金属粉末喷出打印的金属3D打印头,金属3D打印头的下方设有用于打印件成型的打印台,且打印台一体成型在打印底盘的上端中部；所述打印仓体的内顶壁上设有用于打印件表面杂质识别检测的扫描单元。本发明尤其适用于金属3D打印件的加工成型,具有较高的社会使用价值和应用前景。(The invention relates to metal 3D printing, and provides a layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning device and a layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning process for metal 3D printing, aiming at solving the problem that part processing fails because large particle impurities are generated during metal 3D printing, the large particle impurities gradually increase along with the accumulation of the number of printing layers, and when a metal tumor grows to a certain degree, a scraper is blocked, and printing is stopped; a metal 3D printing head for spraying and printing sintered metal powder is arranged on the top wall of the printing cabin, a printing table for forming a printed piece is arranged below the metal 3D printing head, and the printing table is integrally formed in the middle of the upper end of the printing chassis; and a scanning unit for identifying and detecting impurities on the surface of a printed piece is arranged on the inner top wall of the printing bin body. The invention is especially suitable for processing and forming of metal 3D printing pieces, and has higher social use value and application prospect.)

1. A layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning device for 3D metal printing comprises a horizontally arranged printing chassis (1), and is characterized in that a printing cabin body (2) with an open lower side is covered at the upper end of the printing chassis (1); a metal 3D printing head (4) used for spraying and printing sintered metal powder is arranged on the top wall of the printing bin body (2), a printing table (3) used for forming a printed piece is arranged below the metal 3D printing head (4), and the printing table (3) is integrally formed in the middle of the upper end of the printing chassis (1);

a scanning unit for identifying and detecting impurities on the surface of a printed piece is arranged on the inner top wall of the printing bin body (2);

and the edge of the upper end of the printing chassis (1) is provided with an impurity cleaning unit for removing impurities on the surface of a printed piece.

2. The layer-by-layer selective contaminant removal device for 3D printing of metals, according to claim 1, wherein: the scanning unit comprises a high-definition camera (7) and an electric support used for adjusting the shooting angle of the high-definition camera (7), the electric support is fixedly installed on the lower end face of an upper rail car (6), the upper rail car (6) is arranged on an upper annular rail (5), a first power unit and a first position sensor used for driving the upper rail car (6) are arranged on the upper rail car (6), and the upper annular rail (5) is fixedly installed on the edge of the inner top wall of the printing cabin body (2).

3. The layer-by-layer selective contaminant removal device for 3D printing of metals, according to claim 1, wherein: impurity clearance unit includes annular track (11) down of fixed mounting at the upper end edge of printing chassis (1), and is equipped with down railcar (10) down on annular track (11), is equipped with second power pack and the second position sensor that is used for driving railcar (10) down on railcar (10) down, and arm (8) are installed to the up end of railcar (10) down, and miniature polisher (9) are installed to the end of arm (8).

4. The layer-by-layer selective contaminant removal device for 3D printing of metals, according to claim 2, wherein: the circle center of the upper annular track (5) is positioned in the middle of the inner top wall of the printing bin body (2).

5. The layer-by-layer selective contaminant removal device for 3D printing of metals, of claim 3, wherein: the mechanical arm (8) is a six-degree-of-freedom bionic mechanical arm, and a feedforward controller for eliminating a system leading pole and system instability by increasing a zero point is arranged in the mechanical arm.

6. The layer-by-layer selective contaminant removal device for 3D printing of metals, of claim 3, wherein: still including being used for controlling metal 3D and beating printer head (4), scanning unit and impurity clearance unit's impurity clearance system, impurity clearance system comprises PLC controller and electric control line.

7. The layer-by-layer selective contaminant removal device for 3D printing of metals, according to claim 1, wherein: install a plurality of chip removal units (12) on the lateral wall of the printing storehouse body (2), and chip removal unit (12) including link up install the chip removal wind disk on the lateral wall of the printing storehouse body (2) and install the chip removal fan in the chip removal wind disk.

8. The process of a layer-by-layer selective contaminant removal device for metal 3D printing according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

s1, initializing the device, setting a threshold value of the impurity volume on the scanned printing piece, and then starting the device to print;

s2, the metal 3D printing head (4) sprays sintering powder layer by layer according to the shape of a workpiece set by a program to spread powder for printing, and meanwhile, the scanning unit scans the surface of the printed part comprehensively through the walking of the upper rail car (6) on the upper annular rail (5);

s3, when the scanning unit detects that the volume of the impurities on the printed piece is larger than a threshold value set in a program, the metal 3D printing head (4) stops working, information feedback is given to the PLC through the first position sensor, a coordinate point where the impurities are generated is judged, and the PLC outputs a signal to control the lower rail car (10) to reach a position corresponding to the impurities through the second position sensor;

s4, under the control of a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a feedforward controller, a mechanical arm (8) sends a micro grinding machine (9) to an impurity position for grinding and cleaning in a simulation control mode, after cleaning, the mechanical arm (8) adjusts and withdraws an impurity cleaning unit, and the scanning unit scans again;

s41, when the volume of the impurities is still larger than the threshold value set in the program, the mechanical arm (8) adjusts again and then sends the impurity cleaning unit to the position where the impurities reach for polishing;

s42, when the impurity volume is still smaller than the threshold value set in the program, the metal 3D printing head (4) ejects sintering powder layer by layer to spread powder and print according to the shape of the workpiece set by the program;

s5, the metal 3D printing head (4) is started continuously, the scanning unit continues to scan, and the steps S2-S4 are repeated until the printing piece is molded.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of metal 3D printing, in particular to a layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning device and a layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning process for metal 3D printing.

Background

In the existing metal laser sintering 3D printing technology, the part is formed by sintering metal powder layer by layer through laser, and in the process, part of powder which is not completely melted splashes around in the printing process due to the impact of the laser on a powder bed in the sintering process, so that impurities are formed.

The impurity that splashes is got rid of through the mode of forming the air current in printing the storehouse among the prior art generally, but because the uncertain factor that exists in the printing, can produce great granule impurity sometimes, the air current can not take away such impurity, leads to impurity to fall on the shaping surface, forms the metal tumor, and after the metal tumor produced, along with the accumulation grow gradually of the number of piles of printing, after the metal tumor is big to certain degree, will block the scraper, print the termination to lead to the parts machining failure. Therefore, a layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning device and a layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning process for metal 3D printing are provided.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning device and a layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning process for metal 3D printing, which overcome the defects of the prior art, have reasonable design and compact structure, and aim to solve the problem that when the number of printing layers is gradually increased along with the accumulation of the large particle impurities generated during the metal 3D printing, when a metal nodule is large to a certain degree, the scraper is blocked, the printing is stopped, and the part processing is failed.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning device for 3D metal printing comprises a horizontally arranged printing chassis, wherein a printing cabin body with an opening at the lower side is covered at the upper end of the printing chassis; a metal 3D printing head for spraying and printing sintered metal powder is arranged on the top wall of the printing cabin, a printing table for forming a printed piece is arranged below the metal 3D printing head, and the printing table is integrally formed in the middle of the upper end of the printing chassis;

a scanning unit for identifying and detecting impurities on the surface of a printed piece is arranged on the inner top wall of the printing bin body;

and the edge of the upper end of the printing chassis is provided with an impurity cleaning unit for removing impurities on the surface of the printed piece.

Preferably, the scanning unit includes high definition camera and is used for adjusting the electronic support of high definition camera shooting angle, and electronic support fixed mounting is at last railcar's lower terminal surface, and goes up the railcar and set up on last circular orbit, goes up and is equipped with the first power pack and the first position sensor that are used for driving the railcar on the railcar, goes up circular orbit fixed mounting at the interior roof edge of printing the storehouse body.

Preferably, the impurity cleaning unit includes the lower annular track of fixed mounting at the upper end edge of printing the chassis, and is equipped with down the railcar down on the annular track down, is equipped with the second power pack and the second position sensor that are used for driving down the railcar down on the railcar down, and the arm is installed to the up end of railcar down, and the end of arm installs miniature polisher.

Preferably, the circle center of the upper annular track is located in the middle of the inner top wall of the printing bin body.

Preferably, the mechanical arm is a six-degree-of-freedom bionic mechanical arm, and a feedforward controller for eliminating a system leading pole and system instability by increasing a zero point is arranged in the mechanical arm.

Preferably, the device also comprises an impurity cleaning system for controlling the metal 3D printing head, the scanning unit and the impurity cleaning unit, wherein the impurity cleaning system consists of a PLC (programmable logic controller) and an electric control line.

Preferably, install a plurality of chip removal units on the lateral wall of the printing storehouse body, and the chip removal unit is including lining up the chip removal wind dish of installing on the lateral wall of the printing storehouse body and installing the chip removal fan in the chip removal wind dish.

The invention also provides a process of the layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning device for metal 3D printing, which comprises the following steps:

s1, initializing the device, setting a threshold value of the impurity volume on the scanned printing piece, and then starting the device to print;

s2, the metal 3D printing head sprays sintering powder layer by layer according to the shape of a workpiece set by a program to perform powder paving and printing, and meanwhile, the scanning unit performs comprehensive scanning on the surface of a printed piece through the walking of the upper rail car on the upper annular rail;

s3, when the scanning unit detects that the volume of the impurities on the printed piece is larger than a threshold value set in a program, the metal 3D printing head stops working, information feedback is given to the PLC through the first position sensor, a coordinate point where the impurities are generated is judged, and the PLC outputs a signal to control the lower rail car to reach the corresponding position of the impurities through the second position sensor;

s4, conveying the micro grinding machine to the position of the impurity for grinding and cleaning under the control of the PLC and the feedforward controller by the mechanical arm in a simulation control mode, adjusting and withdrawing the impurity cleaning unit by the mechanical arm after cleaning, and scanning again by the scanning unit;

s41, when the volume of the impurities is still larger than the threshold value set in the program, the mechanical arm adjusts again and then sends the impurity cleaning unit to the position where the impurities arrive for polishing;

s42, when the impurity volume is still smaller than the threshold value set in the program, the metal 3D printing head ejects sintering powder layer by layer to perform powder paving and printing according to the shape of the workpiece set by the program;

s5, the metal 3D printing head is started continuously, the scanning unit continues scanning, and the steps S2-S4 are repeated until the printing piece is molded.

(III) advantageous effects

The embodiment of the invention provides a layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning device and a layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning process for metal 3D printing, which have the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, after a printing task is started, each layer is sintered, the scanning unit can scan and detect the sintered surface, when the volume of the detected impurities is larger than a set value, the impurity cleaning unit can be started, the generated impurities are polished and removed at a fixed point, and after the impurities are detected to be qualified again, the powder spreading and printing operation of the next layer is carried out.

2. According to the invention, the chip removal unit is arranged, so that impurities splashed during printing are effectively taken away, and impurity fragments generated during polishing and cleaning can be removed by matching with the impurity cleaning unit, so that the cleanness of a printed piece is ensured.

Drawings

The above features, technical features, advantages and implementations of a layer-by-layer selective contaminant removal apparatus and process for 3D printing of metals are further described in the following detailed description of preferred embodiments in a clearly understandable manner, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the grinding mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure: print chassis 1, print storehouse body 2, print platform 3, metal 3D and beat printer head 4, go up annular track 5, go up rail car 6, scanning unit, arm 8, impurity cleaning unit, lower rail car 10, lower annular track 11, chip removal unit 12.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following figures 1-2 and examples:

example 1

A layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning device for 3D metal printing comprises a printing chassis 1 which is horizontally arranged, wherein a printing cabin body 2 with an opening at the lower side is covered at the upper end of the printing chassis 1; a metal 3D printing head 4 used for spraying and printing sintered metal powder is arranged on the top wall of the printing bin body 2, a printing table 3 used for forming a printed piece is arranged below the metal 3D printing head 4, and the printing table 3 is integrally formed in the middle of the upper end of the printing chassis 1;

a scanning unit for identifying and detecting impurities on the surface of a printed piece is arranged on the inner top wall of the printing bin body 2;

and the edge of the upper end of the printing chassis 1 is provided with an impurity cleaning unit for removing impurities on the surface of a printed piece.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the scanning unit includes high definition camera 7 and the electronic support that is used for adjusting high definition camera 7 shooting angle, electronic support fixed mounting is at the lower terminal surface of last railcar 6, and last railcar 6 sets up on last circular orbit 5, be equipped with the first power pack and the first position sensor that are used for driving last railcar 6 on last railcar 6, go up circular orbit 5 fixed mounting at the interior roof edge of printing storehouse body 2, high definition camera 7 scans the surface of sintering comprehensively to each layer of powder after sintering, whether the surface that detects and print the completion has fallen impurity particle and can discern the volume of impurity particle, high definition camera 7 is through the circulation walking on last circular orbit 5 of last railcar 6, and scan the surface of printing.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the impurity cleaning unit includes a lower annular rail 11 fixedly installed at an upper end edge of the printing chassis 1, and a lower rail car 10 is installed on the lower annular rail 11, a second power unit and a second position sensor for driving the lower rail car 10 are installed on the lower rail car 10, a mechanical arm 8 is installed on an upper end surface of the lower rail car 10, and a micro sander 9 is installed at a tail end of the mechanical arm 8, when the scanning unit detects that the volume of the impurities on the printed matter is greater than a threshold value set in a program, the metal 3D printing head 4 stops working, and gives information feedback to the PLC controller through the first position sensor, and determines a coordinate point where the impurities are generated, the PLC controller outputs a signal to the impurity corresponding position through the second position sensor, the mechanical arm 8 is under the control of the PLC controller and the feedforward controller, and (5) conveying the micro grinding machine 9 to the impurity position for grinding and cleaning under the simulation control.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the center of the upper annular rail 5 is located in the middle of the inner top wall of the printing bin 2, so as to ensure the overall scanning of the powder-spreading printing of the printed piece layer by layer.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the mechanical arm 8 is a six-degree-of-freedom bionic mechanical arm, and a feedforward controller for eliminating a system dominant pole and system instability by increasing a zero is built in the mechanical arm, so that fixed-point polishing of generated impurities is ensured.

In this embodiment, still including being used for controlling metal 3D and beating printer head 4, scanning unit and impurity clearance unit's impurity clearance system, impurity clearance system comprises PLC controller and electrical control line, beat printer head 4 through PLC controller control metal 3D, scanning unit and impurity clearance unit's coordinated operation, and then detect each layer of sintering surface in the metal 3D printing process, in case the discovery exceeds the impurity of threshold value, in time clear up impurity, thereby guarantee that the printing process can not lead to printing a processing failure because of the production of impurity.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, install a plurality of chip removal units 12 on the lateral wall of the printing storehouse body 2, and chip removal unit 12 is including lining up the chip removal wind disk of installing on the lateral wall of the printing storehouse body 2 and installing the chip removal fan in the chip removal wind disk, and the impurity that splashes when on the one hand effectually takes away and prints, and on the other hand can get rid of the impurity piece that the clearance of polishing is the production, guarantees the cleanness of printing.

Example 2

The invention also provides a process of the layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning device based on the metal 3D printing, which comprises the following steps:

s1, initializing the device, setting a threshold value of the impurity volume on the scanned printing piece, and then starting the device to print;

s2, the metal 3D printing head 4 performs layer-by-layer ejection of sintering powder according to the shape of a workpiece set by a program to perform powder laying printing, and meanwhile, the scanning unit performs overall scanning on the surface of a printed piece through the walking of the upper rail car 6 on the upper annular rail 5;

specifically, the metal 3D printing head 4 sprays sintering powder layer by layer according to the shape of a workpiece set by a program to perform powder paving and printing, the high-definition camera 7 circularly and repeatedly travels along the annular track 5 and comprehensively scans the sintered surface after sintering each layer of powder, whether impurity particles fall on the printed surface or not is detected, the volume of the impurity particles is identified, the detected impurities are identified by matching with software, the volume of the impurities exceeds a threshold value set in the software,

s3, when the scanning unit detects that the volume of the impurities on the printed piece is larger than a threshold value set in a program, the metal 3D printing head 4 stops working, information feedback is given to the PLC through the first position sensor, a coordinate point where the impurities are generated is judged, and the PLC outputs a signal to control the lower rail car 10 to reach a position corresponding to the impurities through the second position sensor;

s4, the mechanical arm 8 sends the micro grinding machine 9 to the position of the impurity for grinding and cleaning under the control of the PLC and the feedforward controller in a simulation control mode, after cleaning, the mechanical arm 8 adjusts and withdraws the impurity cleaning unit, and the scanning unit scans again;

s41, when the volume of the impurities is still larger than the threshold value set in the program, the mechanical arm 8 adjusts again and then sends the impurity cleaning unit to the position where the impurities reach for polishing;

s42, when the impurity volume is still smaller than the threshold value set in the program, the metal 3D printing head 4 ejects sintering powder layer by layer to perform powder paving and printing according to the shape of the workpiece set by the program;

s5, the metal 3D printing head 4 is started continuously, the scanning unit continues to scan, and the steps S2-S4 are repeated until the printing piece is molded.

Other undescribed structures refer to example 1.

According to the layer-by-layer selective impurity cleaning device and the process for metal 3D printing, provided by the embodiment of the invention, after a printing task is started, a scanning unit can scan and detect a sintered surface every time when a layer is sintered, when the volume of detected impurities is larger than a set value, the impurity cleaning unit can be started, the generated impurities are polished and removed at a fixed point, and after the impurities are detected to be qualified again, the powder spreading and printing work of the next layer is carried out.

The embodiments of the present invention are disclosed as the preferred embodiments, but not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention and make various extensions and changes without departing from the spirit of the present invention.