阅读说明：本技术 激光精密加工技术制备风电叶片主动防冰表面 (Active anti-icing surface of wind power blade prepared by laser precision machining technology ) 是由 管迎春 李欣欣 于 2020-11-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明主要涉及激光精密加工技术制备风电叶片主动防冰表面,属于风电叶片制造技术领域。该方法利用脉冲激光直接在风电叶片表面和薄膜表面制备微纳结构,利用液滴与激光处理表面和激光未处理表面之间单位时间内传递的热量不同,实现防冰功能。当液滴在功能结构表面时,液滴与结构界面之间存在空气层较多,而对于激光未处理表面而言,在液滴下方没有空气层,所以激光处理表面可以有效的减少热量损失；并且液滴与激光处理表面相接触的表面积小于与激光未处理表面,有利于减少通过热传导方式而产生的热量损耗。因此这种方法使得液滴热量损耗较慢,从而使液滴具有较短的延迟冻结时间,防止结冰产生。该方法较传统的风电叶片防冰方法,具有工艺简单、制备方便等优点,真正实现风电叶片主动防冰功能。(The invention mainly relates to a method for preparing an active anti-icing surface of a wind power blade by using a laser precision machining technology, and belongs to the technical field of wind power blade manufacturing. According to the method, pulse laser is used for directly preparing micro-nano structures on the surface of the wind power blade and the surface of the film, and the anti-icing function is realized by utilizing the difference of heat transferred in unit time between liquid drops and the laser processing surface and the laser unprocessed surface. When the liquid drop is on the surface of the functional structure, more air layers exist between the liquid drop and the structure interface, and for the laser untreated surface, no air layer exists below the liquid drop, so that the laser treated surface can effectively reduce heat loss; and the surface area of the liquid drop contacted with the laser processing surface is smaller than that of the laser unprocessed surface, so that the heat loss generated by a heat conduction mode is reduced. Therefore, the method causes the heat loss of the liquid drops to be slow, so that the liquid drops have short freezing delay time and are prevented from being frozen. Compared with the traditional wind power blade anti-icing method, the method has the advantages of simple process, convenience in preparation and the like, and the active anti-icing function of the wind power blade is really realized.)

激光精密加工技术制备风电叶片主动防冰表面

技术领域：

本发明属于风电叶片制造技术领域，具体涉及激光精密加工技术制备风电叶片主动防冰表面。

背景技术：

风能作为一种优质的绿色可再生能源，其全球可利用发电量约为2×10⁴GW，应用市场前景广阔，受到各国广泛关注。然而，每当在冬季冰雪天气和低温高湿天气，以及在高海拔或高纬度地区分布的风电叶片，常常会出现覆冰现象，这是缩短其使用寿命的重要原因之一。风电叶片覆冰不仅成为叶片额外的不平衡负载，危及风电叶片正常运行，甚至造成风电叶片断裂等严重事故；还会影响风电叶片的气动特性，增大机组载荷，影响风机发电效率。所以风电叶片防冰一直是被众多学者研究的课题。

专利CN201010537132.X公开了一种风电叶片防冰、耐磨涂层的制备方法，将涂层涂覆于风电叶片表面，可实现防冰功能；专利CN201710916688.1公开了一种在风电叶片一个板面开槽布置热电阻的方法，实现风电叶片防冰功能；专利CN201821562294.7公开了一种防冰的风电叶片，该专利通过在风电叶片表面涂覆超疏水涂层和在风电叶片空腔内表面贴附超声波换能器的方法，实现风电叶片防冰功能。以上方法虽然都能实现风电叶片防冰功能，但均需额外的涂层或装置，这不仅增加了风电叶片的重量，而且化学涂层易脱落，需定期进行补充，还会造成环境污染。

综上所述，开发一种工艺简单，制备效率高，且能够应用于风电叶片上的防冰功能表面制造工艺方法，是目前科研工作者亟待解决的问题。