阅读说明：本技术 一种金属结构件制备装置及其制备方法 (Metal structural part preparation device and preparation method thereof ) 是由 赵冰 李志强 曲海涛 于 2020-11-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种金属结构件制备装置及其制备方法,属于增材制造技术领域,包括真空室,容纳在所述真空室中的感应加热线圈,用于给金属块料进行加热；容纳在所述真空室中的送料杆,用于将金属块料推送到电磁线性加速器中；容纳在所述真空室中的金属块材压紧装置,用于将金属块材料斗中的金属块料压紧；容纳在所述真空室中的感应感应加热线圈,用于给金属块料进行加热；本发明在固态条件下进行增材制造,制备的金属结构件具有良好的力学性能,采用该制备方法,零件的制备和成形在真空环境下实现,有利于其发生塑性变形以及与预制坯之间的连接；减少制备过程中所需不同种类的设备数量,制备周期短,效率高,获得零件性能高,材料利用率高,可以实现近净成形。(A metal structure preparation device and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and comprise a vacuum chamber, an induction heating coil accommodated in the vacuum chamber and used for heating metal blocks; a feed bar housed in the vacuum chamber for pushing metal blocks into an electromagnetic linear accelerator; a bulk metal compaction device housed in the vacuum chamber for compacting bulk metal in a bulk metal hopper; an induction heating coil housed in the vacuum chamber for heating the metal block; the method is used for additive manufacturing under the solid condition, the prepared metal structural part has good mechanical property, and by adopting the preparation method, the preparation and the forming of the part are realized under the vacuum environment, so that the plastic deformation of the part and the connection between the part and a prefabricated blank are facilitated; the method has the advantages of reducing the number of different types of equipment required in the preparation process, short preparation period, high efficiency, high performance of obtained parts, high utilization rate of materials and capability of realizing near-net forming.)

1. A metal structure preparation facilities which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

a vacuum chamber (1) and a plurality of metal blocks (4);

an induction heating coil (3) housed in the vacuum chamber (1) for heating a metal block (4);

-a feed bar (2) housed in the vacuum chamber (1) for pushing a metal block (4) into a linear accelerator (7);

-a metal block pressing device (5) housed in the vacuum chamber (1) for pressing a metal block (4) in a metal block hopper (6);

an induction heating coil (3) housed in the vacuum chamber (1) for heating a metal block (4);

an electromagnetic linear accelerator (7) housed in the vacuum chamber (1), the electromagnetic linear accelerator (7) being engaged with the induction heating coil (3) for accelerating the heated metal block (4);

a preform (8) housed in the vacuum chamber (1) for receiving the metal block (4) after heating acceleration for stacking formation;

an electric connection structure housed in the vacuum chamber (1) for connecting an induction heating coil (3) and the electromagnetic linear accelerator (7), and an operation mechanism for operating the induction heating coil (3) and the electromagnetic linear accelerator (7) to move in a trajectory; the operating mechanism is formed by combining a feed rod (2), an induction heating coil (3), a metal block (4), a metal block pressing device (5), a metal block hopper (6) and a linear accelerator (7) to form an integrated processing head, and the integrated processing head can walk on a prefabricated blank (8) line by line and layer by layer according to a track under the control of a control system.

2. A metallic structural member preparation apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the left end of the metal lump material hopper (6) is provided with an induction heating coil (3), the right side of the metal lump material hopper is provided with a metal lump material compacting device (5), a plurality of metal lump materials (4) in the metal lump material hopper (6) are compacted, the induction heating coil (3) at the left end of the metal lump material hopper (6) heats the leftmost metal lump material (4), and the heated leftmost metal lump material (4) is pushed into an electromagnetic linear accelerator (7) by a feed rod (2).

3. A metallic structural member preparation apparatus as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the metal block hopper (6) is positioned right above the electromagnetic linear accelerator (7), the feeding rod (2) is positioned above the metal block hopper (6), and the axis of the feeding rod (2) is overlapped with the axis of the electromagnetic linear accelerator (7).

4. A metallic structural member preparation apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the metal block (4) can be a titanium alloy block, an aluminum alloy block, a magnesium alloy block and the like.

5. A method for manufacturing a metallic structural member manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber (1) is 1.0 x 10^-3Pa, then starting an induction heating coil (3), and heating the metal block material (4) to a high-temperature state within the temperature range of 0.5 Tm-0.75 Tm, wherein Tm is the melting point of the metal material;

s2: starting the feeding rod (2) to push the leftmost metal block (4) into the electromagnetic linear accelerator (7);

s3: starting an electromagnetic linear accelerator (7) to accelerate the heated metal block (4) to a high-speed state;

s4: the integrated processing head is controlled by an operating mechanism to spray the metal blocks (4) in a high-temperature and high-speed state on the preformed blank (5) layer by layer line according to the track.

6. The method of manufacturing a metallic structural member according to claim 5, wherein: and the temperature of the metal block (4) in the high-temperature state in the S1 is 0.5 Tm-0.75 Tm.

7. The method of manufacturing a metallic structural member according to claim 6, wherein: in the step S2, the speed of the metal block (4) in the high-speed state is 50-500 m/S.

8. The method of manufacturing a metallic structural member according to claim 4, wherein: the metal block (4) can be selected from various shapes matched with the linear accelerator (7).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a metal structural part preparation device and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The additive manufacturing technology is a technology for manufacturing solid parts by adopting a method of gradually accumulating materials, and is a manufacturing method from bottom to top compared with the traditional material removing-cutting processing technology. The additive manufacturing technology is a creative parallel short-flow and digital manufacturing technology integrating part structure and material design, new material preparation, forming and processing.

The traditional forging process route needs large-scale special equipment, and the manufacturing route is long, the subsequent numerical control machining amount is large, and the cost is high. The additive manufacturing technology realizes the technological processes of cladding, solidification, forming and the like in one device, directly forms a structural member with a near final size, and obtains the structural member with the final size through a small amount of numerical control processing. The method has the advantages of short period, no need of large-scale hot working equipment and forming dies, flexible manufacturing, near-net forming and the like. The method has a series of technical advantages by adopting additive manufacturing to process the large-scale integral complex structural part, for example, the large-scale structural part can be prepared, the limitation of the processing capacity of equipment is small, and the size of a forming platform is only required to be increased; the structural members with complicated external shapes and internal structures, such as frame-beam integrated structures and topological three-dimensional lattice structures, can be formed near net shape. For the forming frame beam structure, only the space in the equipment needs to be increased; the method has the advantages of short manufacturing period, small subsequent removal amount, no need of a special forming die, high material utilization rate and high process improvement freedom degree, greatly reduces the manufacturing cost compared with the forging and forming of the traditional large-scale integral structural member, and has considerable cost saving for expensive metal materials in the aerospace field, such as metal, aluminum alloy and nickel-based alloy. Taking the processing of a metal complex structural member with a weight of 1 ton as an example, the cost of the traditional process is about 2500 ten thousand yuan, while the cost of laser additive manufacturing is only about 130 ten thousand yuan, which is only 5% of that of the traditional process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a metal structural part preparation device and a preparation method thereof, which aim to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a metallic structural member preparation apparatus comprising:

a vacuum chamber and a plurality of metal blocks;

an induction heating coil housed in said vacuum chamber for heating the metal block;

a feed bar housed in the vacuum chamber for advancing the metal slug into the linear accelerator;

a metal block hold down device received in the vacuum chamber for holding down a metal block in a metal block hopper;

an induction heating coil housed in the vacuum chamber for heating the metal block;

an electromagnetic linear accelerator housed in said vacuum chamber, said electromagnetic linear accelerator engaging said induction heating coil for accelerating the heated metal slab;

a preform received in said vacuum chamber for receiving the stack of metal blocks after heating acceleration;

an induction heating coil and an electromagnetic linear accelerator electrically connected to each other, the induction heating coil and the electromagnetic linear accelerator being electrically connected to each other;

the operating mechanism is formed by combining a feed rod, an induction heating coil, a metal block pressing device, a metal block hopper and a linear accelerator to form an integrated processing head, and the integrated processing head can walk on the prefabricated blank layer by layer line by layer according to a track under the control of a control system.

Furthermore, the left end of the metal lump material hopper is provided with an induction heating coil, the right side of the metal lump material hopper is provided with a metal lump material compacting device, a plurality of metal lump materials in the metal lump material hopper are compacted, the induction heating coil at the left end of the metal lump material hopper heats the leftmost metal lump material, and the feeding rod pushes the heated leftmost metal lump material to the electromagnetic linear accelerator.

Further, the metal block hopper is positioned right above the electromagnetic linear accelerator, the feeding rod is positioned above the metal block hopper, and the axis of the feeding rod is coincident with the axis of the electromagnetic linear accelerator.

The metal block can be titanium alloy block, aluminum alloy block, magnesium alloy block and the like.

A preparation method for preparing a metal structural member by using the preparation device comprises the following steps:

s1: the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber is 1.0X 10^-3Pa, then starting an induction heating coil to heat the metal block material to a high-temperature state;

s2: starting a feeding rod to push the leftmost metal block into the electromagnetic linear accelerator;

s3: starting an electromagnetic linear accelerator, and accelerating the heated metal block material to a high-speed state;

s4: the integrated processing head is controlled by the operating mechanism to spray the metal blocks in a high-temperature and high-speed state on the prefabricated blank layer by layer line by line according to the track.

Further, the temperature of the metal block in the high temperature state in S1 is 0.5Tm to 0.75 Tm.

Further, in the step S2, the velocity of the metal block in the high-velocity state is set to 50 to 500 m/S.

Further, the metal block may be selected from a variety of shapes to match the linear accelerator.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the material increase manufacturing is carried out under the solid condition, the obtained structure state is a deformed structure, the mechanical property is good, and the defects can be well controlled;

(2) the preparation and the forming of the part are realized in a vacuum environment, the heated block material is not polluted by the environment, the radiation heat dissipation of the metal block material is small in the acceleration process, and when the block material is in contact with the prefabricated blank, the block material still keeps high temperature, so that the plastic deformation of the block material and the connection between the block material and the prefabricated blank are facilitated;

(3) the method has the advantages of reducing the number of different types of equipment required in the preparation process, short preparation period, high efficiency, high performance of obtained parts, high utilization rate of materials and capability of realizing near-net forming.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the first state of the overall structure of the present invention in operation;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second state of the overall structure of the present invention in operation;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a third state of the overall structure of the present invention in operation;

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

Example (b):

a metallic structural member preparation apparatus as shown in fig. 1, comprising: vacuum chamber 1, induction heating coil 3, feed rod 2, electromagnetic linear accelerator 7, metal block hold-down device 5, metal block hopper 6, several metal blocks 4 and preform 8.

In the present embodiment, an induction heating coil 3 accommodated in the vacuum chamber 1 for heating a metal block 4; a feed bar 2 housed in said vacuum chamber 1 for pushing a metal block 4 into an electromagnetic linear accelerator 7; a metal block pressing device 5 accommodated in the vacuum chamber 1 for pressing a metal block 4 in a metal block hopper 6; an induction heating coil 3 accommodated in the vacuum chamber 1 for heating a metal block 4; an electromagnetic linear accelerator 7 accommodated in the vacuum chamber 1, the electromagnetic linear accelerator 7 being engaged with the induction heating coil 3 for accelerating the heated metal block 4; a preform 8 housed in said vacuum chamber 1 for receiving the stack of metal blocks 4 after heating acceleration; an electric connection structure housed in the vacuum chamber 1 for connecting the induction heating coil 3 and the electromagnetic linear accelerator 7, and an operation mechanism for operating the induction heating coil 3 and the electromagnetic linear accelerator 7 to move in a trajectory; the operating mechanism is formed by combining a feed rod 2, an induction heating coil 3, a metal block 4, a metal block pressing device 5, a metal block hopper 6 and a linear accelerator 7 to form an integrated processing head, and the integrated processing head can walk on a prefabricated blank 8 layer by layer line according to a track under the control of a control system.

As can be seen from fig. 2, the metal block hopper 6 is located directly above the electromagnetic linear accelerator 7, the feed rod 2 is located above the metal block hopper 6, and the axis of the feed rod 2 coincides with the axis of the electromagnetic linear accelerator 7.

Secondly, the left end of the metal block hopper 6 is provided with an induction heating coil 3, the right side is provided with a metal block pressing device 5, a plurality of metal blocks 4 in the metal block hopper 6 are pressed,

it should be noted that the metal block 4 may be a titanium alloy block, an aluminum alloy block, a magnesium alloy block, or the like.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the method for manufacturing a metal member using the manufacturing apparatus includes the steps of:

s1: the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber 1 was 1.0X 10^-3Pa, then starting the induction heating coil 3, and heating the metal block 4 to a high temperature state within the temperature range of 0.5 Tm-0.75 Tm, wherein Tm is the melting point of the metal material;

s2: starting the feeding rod 2 to push the leftmost metal block 4 into the electromagnetic linear accelerator 7;

s3: starting an electromagnetic linear accelerator 7, and accelerating the heated metal block 4 to a high-speed state, wherein the speed of the high-speed state is 50-500 m/s;

s4: and spraying the metal blocks 4 in a high-temperature and high-speed state on the prefabricated blank 8 layer by layer line by line according to the track by controlling the integrated processing head.

Secondly, the metal block 4 may be selected to have various shapes to match the linear accelerator 7.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: taking TC4 titanium alloy bulk as an example, first, the vacuum chamber 1 is processed to 1.0X 10^-3Pa, then starting the induction heating coil 3, heating the TC4 titanium alloy block to 800-960 ℃, pushing the heated metal block 4 into the electromagnetic linear accelerator 7 by adopting the feeding rod 2, and starting the electromagnetic linear acceleratorThe accelerator 7 accelerates the heated TC4 titanium alloy block material to 50-500 m/s, then the heated and accelerated TC4 titanium alloy block material is impacted on the prefabricated blank 8, at the moment, the TC4 titanium alloy block material is subjected to severe plastic deformation under the action of the impact force and is connected with the prefabricated blank 8, and then the feeding rod 2, the induction heating coil 3, the metal block 4, the metal block pressing device 5, the metal block hopper 6 and the linear accelerator 7 are controlled by the operating mechanism to form the TC4 titanium alloy block material 4 on the prefabricated blank 8 in a stacking mode layer by layer according to an integrated processing head formed by the operation mechanism, the induction heating coil 3, the metal block 4, the metal block pressing device 5, the metal block hopper 6 and the linear accelerator 7, and therefore the TC4 titanium alloy structural part with a certain shape.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, the term "comprises" and any variations thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

The present invention has been described in terms of embodiments, and several variations and modifications can be made to the device without departing from the principles of the present invention. It should be noted that all the technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation, etc., fall within the protection scope of the present invention.