阅读说明：本技术 节能型退火炉 (Energy-saving annealing furnace ) 是由 郑旺林 刘玖鑫 符淋江 于 2020-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及退火炉生产领域,具体提供一种节能型退火炉。所述退火炉包括炉体,炉体内垂直导流板与炉体的侧墙压棉板之间构成垂直风道,其特点是炉体内设置有底部出风孔板和至少两个水平托盘,底部出风孔板与炉体炉底压棉板之间构成底部风道,底部风道与垂直风道相连通,水平托盘通过滚轮机构设置在底部出风孔板上,且相邻两个水平托盘之间通过连接机构活动连接。与现有技术相比,本发明的节能型退火炉能够有效提高退火炉的装炉量、减少托盘变形、降低生产安全风险,具有良好的推广应用价值。(The invention relates to the field of production of annealing furnaces, and particularly provides an energy-saving annealing furnace. The annealing furnace comprises a furnace body, wherein a vertical air channel is formed between a vertical guide plate in the furnace body and a side wall cotton pressing plate of the furnace body, the annealing furnace is characterized in that a bottom air outlet pore plate and at least two horizontal trays are arranged in the furnace body, a bottom air channel is formed between the bottom air outlet pore plate and the cotton pressing plate at the bottom of the furnace body, the bottom air channel is communicated with the vertical air channel, the horizontal trays are arranged on the bottom air outlet pore plate through a roller mechanism, and the two adjacent horizontal trays are movably connected through a connecting mechanism. Compared with the prior art, the energy-saving annealing furnace can effectively improve the charging amount of the annealing furnace, reduce the deformation of the tray, reduce the production safety risk and has good popularization and application values.)

1. Energy-saving annealing stove, including the furnace body, constitute perpendicular wind channel, its characterized in that between the side wall pressure cotton board of perpendicular guide plate in the furnace body and furnace body: the bottom air outlet hole plate and at least two horizontal trays are arranged in the furnace body, a bottom air channel is formed between the bottom air outlet hole plate and the cotton pressing plate at the bottom of the furnace body, the bottom air channel is communicated with the vertical air channel, a plurality of bottom plate air outlet holes are formed in the bottom air outlet hole plate, the horizontal trays are arranged on the bottom air outlet hole plate through roller mechanisms, and the two adjacent horizontal trays are movably connected through a connecting mechanism.

2. The energy-saving annealing furnace according to claim 1, wherein the total area of the bottom plate air outlet holes is 1.0-1.2 times of the total area of the bottom air duct air inlet.

3. The energy-saving annealing furnace according to claim 2, wherein the bottom outlet hole plate is connected with the furnace bottom cotton pressing plate through a plurality of connecting partition plates, and an independent chamber is formed between adjacent connecting partition plates.

4. The energy saving annealing furnace according to claim 3, wherein the lower part of the vertical deflector is provided with a plurality of side plate air outlets, and the total area of the side plate air outlets is 0.4-0.6 times of the total area of the bottom plate air outlets.

5. The energy-saving annealing furnace according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the bottom of the vertical air duct is provided with a guide plate for guiding the hot air in the vertical air duct into the bottom air duct.

6. The energy saving annealing furnace according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, further comprising a rail fixed above the bottom outlet hole plate, and a roller mechanism is in rolling engagement with the rail to move the horizontal tray in the rail direction.

7. The energy saving type annealing furnace according to claim 6, wherein the rail is fixed directly to the hearth column or fixed to the hearth column through a rail presser, a mounting platen.

8. The energy saving type annealing furnace according to claim 6, wherein the horizontal pallet is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes and push-pull members.

9. The energy efficient annealing furnace according to claim 8, wherein the horizontal tray comprises beams, end beams, two beams and two end beams are connected with each other to form a rectangular frame structure, and two sets of connecting mechanisms are fixed on the two end beams, respectively.

10. The energy-saving annealing furnace according to claim 9, wherein the connecting mechanism comprises a hook plate and a lug block, the hook plate and the lug block are respectively arranged at two ends of the end beam, and the hook plate is buckled with the lug block on the adjacent tray.

11. The lehr of claim 10 wherein the hooking plate fastening portion is rotatably connected to the end beam by a support shaft, and the hooking plate fastening end extends outside the horizontal pallet for fastening to a lug piece on an adjacent pallet.

12. The energy-saving annealing furnace according to claim 11, wherein a limit pin and/or an anti-rotation component is provided between the hitching hook plate and the end beam, the limit pin is fixed on the end beam for keeping the hitching hook plate at a proper angle; the anti-rotation assembly is composed of a clamping pin, a handle and a clamping seat, wherein the insertion end of the clamping pin penetrates through an anti-rotation hole of the hooking hook plate and is inserted into an anti-rotation hole of the end beam, the outer end of the clamping pin is fixed with the handle, the handle is clamped and pulled with a clamping groove on the clamping seat, and the clamping seat is fixed on the end beam;

or a counterweight part is processed at the other end of the hooking plate buckled with the lug block, and the buckling end of the hooking plate and the lug block keep a buckling relation under the gravity action of the counterweight part.

13. The energy-saving annealing furnace according to claim 9, wherein at least two sets of roller mechanisms are fixed on each end beam, each roller mechanism comprises a roller, a high temperature bearing, a support shaft and a mounting seat, the roller is assembled on the mounting seat through the high temperature bearing and the support shaft, and the mounting seat is fixed on the lower part of the end beam.

14. An energy efficient annealing furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that inside the rectangular frame structure at least one reinforcement is fixed, said reinforcement being a reinforcement stringer fixed between two beams and/or a reinforcement beam fixed between two end beams and/or a reinforcement bar fixed between a beam and an end beam.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of annealing furnace production, and particularly provides a high-efficiency energy-saving annealing furnace.

Background

In the finished product stage, the aluminum alloy coiled material is mostly required to be subjected to high-temperature heat treatment (200-520 ℃) for a certain time (20-300h) in an aluminum material annealing furnace according to the quality control requirement, so that the process targets of eliminating the machining stress of the aluminum material, improving the mechanical property of the structure, improving the surface cleanliness and the like are realized.

On one hand, in order to improve the yield of the annealing furnace as much as possible, a plurality of aluminum alloy coiled materials are often hung in one material frame during annealing production, the material frames are loaded on one integrated tray, the tray loaded with the material frames is pushed and conveyed into the annealing furnace through a material trolley, the tray is placed on a furnace bottom upright post, and the tray is pushed and conveyed to a material preparation platform upright post outside the annealing furnace through the material trolley for cooling after the annealing is completed.

Current tray is mostly the integral type tray, and its leading features is welded into a rectangular frame construction tray by the thick wall channel-section steel, and there are multichannel enhancement longeron and crossbeam in the centre with reinforcing overall structure intensity, integral type tray of each annealing stove configuration to cooperation three-dimensional formula skip transports, though has simple structure, characteristics that the cost of manufacture is low, but also has several problems:

1. due to the fact that the tray is of an integrated structure, the tray after the rack is loaded with the rack is heavy in whole weight, the tray is transported through the three-dimensional skip car, the tray is lifted through the hydraulic system by the three-dimensional skip car, the hydraulic system of the skip car descends after the tray is moved to the position corresponding to the upright post of the annealing furnace or the stock preparation table, and the integrated tray can be located on the upright post, so that a certain height for lifting and avoiding the tray and the skip car must be reserved above the annealing furnace and below the upright post, effective loading space of the annealing furnace is reduced by about 6 cubic meters (6 meters in length, 2 meters in width and 0.5 in height), and the capacity of the annealing furnace is greatly reduced;

2. the whole size is large (about 6 meters long, 2 meters wide and 0.3 meter high), and as a lot of aluminum coils are loaded on the tray during annealing, the tray weighs more than 20 tons, and is easy to cause thermal deformation through long-time high-temperature heating, particularly the tray can generate impact force in the vertical direction with the upright column during descending, and the contact part of the tray and the upright column is usually sunken and arched upwards to cause whole distortion and deformation, which is not beneficial to the stability of the placement of the material rack;

3. the contact surface of the deformed tray and the upright post is uneven, and the tray is easy to slide and displace under the action of gravity when in place, so that the whole material frame borne by the tray is laterally displaced, and serious production accidents such as material frame tilting, tray overturning, aluminum coil collision damage and the like can be caused in serious cases.

On the other hand, in order to lead hot air to the lower part of the hearth of the annealing furnace, a plurality of air guide pipes are assembled at the lower part of the hearth, and air outlet holes are processed on the air guide pipes. Although the air guide pipe can send hot air to the lower part of the hearth of the annealing furnace, the air guide pipe has the following defects: 1. the air outlet position is concentrated, so that the bottom aluminum alloy coiled material is easily heated unevenly; 2. the air outlet speed is high, the aluminum alloy coiled material near the air guide pipe is easy to tear, a large amount of aluminum alloy fragments are brought to each part of the hearth by hot air and even enter the circulating fan, so that the fan failure is caused, and huge potential safety hazards exist; 3. the defective rate is high.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the energy-saving annealing furnace which has large furnace loading amount and small production safety risk.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides an energy-saving annealing furnace, which comprises a furnace body, constitute perpendicular wind channel between the side wall pressure cotton board of perpendicular guide plate in the furnace body and furnace body, its characteristics are provided with bottom air-out orifice plate and two at least horizontal trays in the furnace body, constitute the bottom wind channel between bottom air-out orifice plate and the furnace body stove bottom pressure cotton board, the bottom wind channel is linked together with perpendicular wind channel, it has a plurality of bottom plate exhaust vents to open on the bottom air-out orifice plate, horizontal tray passes through the gyro wheel mechanism setting on bottom air-out orifice plate, and pass through coupling mechanism swing joint between two adjacent horizontal trays.

Preferably, the height of the bottom air duct is preferably 0.25-0.5 times the width of the vertical air duct, for example, when the width of the vertical air duct is 200-400mm, the height of the bottom air duct is preferably 50-200 mm.

The total area of the bottom plate air outlet holes is preferably 1.0-1.2 times of the total area of the bottom air duct air inlet, and the bottom plate air outlet holes can be distributed in a rectangular array, or in an annular array, or in the staggered distribution of adjacent rows (or columns) of bottom plate air outlet holes, or in random disordered distribution, preferably in a rectangular array.

Preferably, the bottom air outlet hole plate is connected with the cotton pressing plate at the bottom of the furnace body through a plurality of connecting partition plates, and an independent cavity is formed between every two adjacent connecting partition plates.

Preferably, a plurality of side plate air outlet holes can be processed at the lower part of the vertical guide plate, so that part of hot air in the vertical air channel enters the bottom air channel, and part of hot air directly enters the bottom of the cavity through the side plate air outlet holes at the lower part of the vertical guide plate, and the uniformity of the hot air at the bottom of the cavity is further improved.

The total area of the side plate air outlet holes (the total area of the side plate air outlet holes on the vertical guide plates at two sides) is preferably 0.4-0.6 times of the total area of the bottom plate air outlet holes. The air outlets of the side plates can be distributed in a rectangular array, or in an annular array, or the air outlets of the side plates in adjacent rows (or columns) are distributed in a staggered manner, or randomly and disorderly distributed, and the air outlets of the side plates are preferably distributed in a rectangular array.

Preferably, a guide plate (e.g., an arc guide plate or a flat guide plate) may be disposed at the bottom of the vertical duct to guide the hot air in the vertical duct into the bottom duct.

Preferably, the energy-saving annealing furnace further comprises a rail, the rail is fixed above the bottom air outlet hole plate, and the roller mechanism is in rolling fit with the rail so as to enable the horizontal tray to move along the rail direction.

The track can adopt I-steel type tracks, sliding groove type guide rails and the like, can be directly fixed on the furnace bottom stand column of the annealing furnace, or can be fixed on the furnace bottom stand column through a track pressing plate and a mounting bedplate. The end of the top of the furnace bottom upright post is positioned above the bottom air outlet pore plate or is flush with the bottom air outlet pore plate so as to ensure that the horizontal tray above the track is positioned above the bottom air outlet pore plate.

Preferably, the number of the horizontal trays is 2-4, and the size and the number of the horizontal trays can be determined according to the maximum charging amount of the annealing furnace and the size of the hearth and the material rack. The horizontal trays are connected in the horizontal direction through a connecting mechanism to form a whole.

Preferably, a plurality of ventilation holes may be provided on the horizontal tray to ensure good thermal cycling at the horizontal tray.

Preferably, a push-pull piece can be arranged on the horizontal tray and is used for being in transmission connection with a power output unit of the traction mechanism in the hearth and/or the traction mechanism outside the hearth. The traction mechanism can be a skip car, a motor and the like. The push-pull piece can be directly connected with the power output unit of the traction mechanism, and can also be in transmission connection with the power output unit of the traction mechanism through a chain, a steel wire rope, a mechanical transmission assembly and the like.

Preferably, the push-pull piece is arranged at the furnace mouth end and/or the furnace inner end of the horizontal tray, and can be a push-pull ring or a push-pull hook fixed on the tray, or a push-pull hole formed on the horizontal tray.

The horizontal tray can adopt structural forms such as a flat plate shape and a disc shape, preferably comprises cross beams and end beams in order to obtain the optimal heat circulation effect and good stability, the two cross beams and the two end beams are mutually connected to form a rectangular frame type structure, and the two groups of connecting mechanisms are respectively fixed on the two end beams.

To further enhance stability, at least one stiffener may be fixed inside the rectangular frame-like structure. The reinforcing member may be a reinforcing longitudinal beam fixed between the two cross beams, and/or a reinforcing cross beam fixed between the two end beams, and/or a reinforcing rib fixed between the cross beam and the end beam.

Preferably, the connecting mechanism comprises a hanging hook plate and a pull lug block, the hanging hook plate and the pull lug block are respectively arranged at two ends of the end beam, and the hanging hook plate is buckled with the pull lug block on the adjacent tray to realize movable connection between the adjacent trays.

Preferably, the hooking plate fixing part is rotatably connected with the end beam through the supporting rotating shaft, and the hooking plate fastening end extends to the outer side of the horizontal tray and is used for being fastened with the pull lug block on the adjacent tray.

Preferably, a limit pin shaft can be fixed on the end beam, and the buckling end of the hooking plate can be lapped on the limit pin shaft to keep a proper angle (for example, the opening position of the hooking plate is always downward), so that the hooking plate can be quickly buckled with the lug block on the adjacent tray. An anti-rotation assembly can be arranged between the hooking plate and the end beam to realize angle locking of the hooking plate. The anti-rotation assembly preferably comprises a clamping pin, a handle and a clamping seat, wherein the insertion end of the clamping pin penetrates through an anti-rotation hole of the hooking hook plate and is inserted into an anti-rotation hole of the end beam, the outer end of the clamping pin is fixed with the handle, the handle is clamped and pulled with a clamping groove on the clamping seat, and the clamping seat is fixed on the end beam.

Preferably, a counterweight part can be processed at the other end of the hooking plate buckled with the lug block, and the buckling end of the hooking plate and the lug block keep a buckling relation under the gravity action of the counterweight part.

Preferably, at least two groups of roller mechanisms are fixed on each end beam, each roller mechanism comprises a roller, a high-temperature-resistant bearing, a supporting shaft and a mounting seat, the rollers are assembled on the mounting seats through the high-temperature-resistant bearings and the supporting shafts, and the mounting seats are fixed on the lower portions of the end beams. The high-temperature-resistant bearing is preferably an alloy steel deep groove ball bearing which can resist the temperature of more than 500 ℃.

Preferably, the mounting seat is fixed on the lower part of the end beam through a strong reinforcing plate and a bolt, so that the mounting seat can be conveniently assembled and disassembled under the condition of ensuring the stability.

Compared with the prior art, the energy-saving annealing furnace has the following outstanding beneficial effects:

the lower part of the vertical guide plate is provided with a side plate air outlet, the position of the air outlet is lower, the area of the air outlet is reduced by the existing air outlet of the guide plate, the air outlet of the side surface is sprayed with certain pressure under the condition of lower frequency and lower air quantity of the circulating fan, and partial air quantity can enter the bottom air channel. Due to certain injection pressure, hot air which can be injected by a plurality of rows of air outlet holes at the lower part of the side surface is far away from the lower part of the material rest, so that the improvement of an air circulation path is facilitated, and the uniformity of fluid distribution during the low-frequency operation of the circulating fan is improved;

secondly, the air outlet holes of the bottom plate are arranged on the air outlet hole plate at the bottom in the whole area, so that the air outlet quantity at the bottom can be dispersed, the uniformity of air fluid at the bottom of the furnace body is greatly improved, the force is soft, the technical problems that the bottom aluminum alloy coiled material is heated unevenly and is easy to tear in the prior art are solved, the defective rate is low, and the potential safety hazard is eliminated;

(III) the whole area of the bottom air outlet hole plate is divided into air channels with independent cavities, and the total area of the bottom plate air outlet holes is 1.0-1.2 times of the total area of the bottom air channel air inlet, so that the air outlet quantity of the middle part of a plurality of uniformly distributed rows of air outlet holes is slightly larger than that of the edge part, and the hot air circulation resistance of the middle part is the largest and the heat absorption quantity of the aluminum coil is the largest in practical production;

the total area of the air outlet holes of the side plate (IV) is 0.4-0.6 times of the total area of the air outlet holes of the bottom plate. Therefore, the total amount of the fluid on the side surface is similar to the total amount of half of the fluid on the bottom, which is beneficial to further improving the uniformity of the fluid distribution and can achieve the temperature uniformity with higher requirement;

(V) each water-saving horizontal tray is provided with a plurality of groups of roller mechanisms, and the displacement of the horizontal tray is realized through the rolling of the rollers on the track, so that the horizontal tray loaded with the material rack can stably enter or exit the hearth of the annealing furnace along the horizontal direction under the action of the push-pull force of a trolley, the space for ascending/descending movement of the tray is not required to be reserved, and the effective loading space is increased by more than 30%;

the multi-section horizontal trays are hung to form a whole, the two adjacent trays are in flexible connection, certain movable adjustment amount can be kept under the condition of ensuring the flatness of the whole, the annealing furnace has better structural strength and free expansion gap under the high-temperature environment, and has good deformation-self adjustment capacity during high-temperature annealing, the structural strength is high, the thermal deformation resistance is strong, the problem of integral distortion and deformation generated after the integral trays are heated is effectively solved, the stability of material rack placement is improved, and the occurrence of production safety accidents is avoided;

the roller forms rolling friction and contact with the track, the movement speed is high, the resistance is small, the contact part of the tray and the track has good stability, the problems of sinking, arching, deformation and the like caused by impact force can not occur, and the long service life of the energy-saving annealing furnace is ensured;

after the roller mechanism is used for a long time, high-temperature-resistant lubricating grease can be filled in place for lubrication or the roller mechanism can be disassembled for replacing a bearing, and the maintenance is simple and convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of an energy-saving annealing furnace according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the annealing furnace of FIG. 1 (omitting a furnace body cotton pressing plate);

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the annealing furnace shown in FIG. 1 (omitting a cotton pressing plate and a vertical guide plate of the furnace body)

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a structure of a horizontal pallet connection relationship in the annealing furnace of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a horizontal pallet configuration in the lehr of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a drawing showing an assembly relationship among a horizontal tray, a guide rail and a furnace bottom column in the energy-saving annealing furnace according to the second embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a connection structure between a horizontal tray and a guide rail in an energy-saving annealing furnace according to a second embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a view of the horizontal tray of FIG. 8 taken along the direction B;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a horizontal pallet in an energy-saving annealing furnace according to the second embodiment;

fig. 11 is an enlarged view at C in fig. 10.

The reference numerals in the drawings denote:

1. furnace body, 11, side wall cotton pressing plate, 12, furnace bottom cotton pressing plate, 13, furnace bottom upright post, 2, vertical guide plate, 21, connecting rod, 22, vertical air duct, 23, side plate air outlet hole, 3, bottom air outlet hole plate, 31, C-shaped connecting partition plate, 32, bottom air duct, 33, bottom plate air outlet hole, 4, guide plate, 5, track, 51, installation bedplate, 52, track pressing plate, 6, horizontal pallet, 61, cross beam, 62, end beam, 63, reinforcing longitudinal beam, 64, reinforcing cross beam, 65, reinforcing rib, 66, ventilation opening, 67, push-pull piece, 7, connecting mechanism, 71, hooking plate, 711, fixing part, 712, counterweight part, 713, buckling part, 72, lug block, 73, supporting rotating shaft, 74, limiting pin shaft, 75, anti-rotation component, 751, bayonet lock, 752, handle, 353, cassette, 8, roller mechanism, 81, roller, 82, high temperature resistant bearing, 83. a mounting seat 84, a reinforcing plate 85, a bolt 86 and a support shaft.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description. And are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.