阅读说明：本技术 抗新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2的药物及其应用 (Medicine for resisting novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and its application ) 是由 王健伟 雷晓波 肖霞 任丽丽 王聪慧 于 2020-05-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一系列抗新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2的药物及其应用,体外细胞试验结果表明：所述的化合物能显著抑制SARS-CoV-2对正常细胞的侵染,在细胞水平对新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2有抑制作用,能显著降低病毒在细胞中的毒价,并抑制其在细胞中的增殖,且具有剂量依赖性。因此,可作为新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2抑制剂,具有治疗人感染该病毒后导致的COVID-19肺炎,或者动物感染后导致的其它疾病的潜力。(The invention discloses a series of medicines for resisting novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and application thereof, and in vitro cell test results show that: the compound can obviously inhibit the infection of SARS-CoV-2 to normal cells, has an inhibiting effect on novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 at a cell level, can obviously reduce the virus price of the virus in the cells, and inhibits the proliferation of the virus in the cells, and has dose dependence. Therefore, the compound can be used as a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor, and has the potential of treating COVID-19 pneumonia caused by human infection with the virus or other diseases caused by animal infection.)

1. An anti-coronavirus pharmaceutical composition, said medicament capable of inhibiting the replication of SARS-CoV-2 virus, said medicament comprising an effective amount of one or more of Amlodipine Besylate, Fendiline HCl, Dronedarone HCl, trifluorerazine 2HCl, Tetrandrine, Conivaptan HCl, Nilotinib, Vandernib (ZD6474), Clofazine, Sertraline HCl, Thioridazine HCl, Celecoxib, Vortioxetine, Monensinoid salt, Actidione, Raloxifene HCl, Temsirolimus (CCI-779, NSC683864), Salifungin.

2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the active ingredient is a conjugate of the above compounds for the administration of a therapeutic molecule or the incorporation of a label, examples of which include, but are not limited to, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, amido, amino, ether, thioether, ester, alkylene, heteroalkylene, aryl, or heterocyclyl, each of which may be optionally substituted.

3. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the coronavirus is a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, preferably the coronavirus is a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.

4. Use of a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more of Amlodipine Besylate, Fendiline HCl, Dronedarone HCl, trifluorerazine 2HCl, Tetrandrine, Conivaptan HCl, Nilotinib, Vandanib (ZD6474), Clofazine, Sertraline HCl, Thioridazine HCl, Celecoxib, Vortioxetine, Monensin sodium salt, Actidione, Raloxifene HCl, Temsirolimus (CCI-779, NSC683864), Salifungin in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of a coronavirus.

5. Use of a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more of Amlodipine Besylate, Fendiline HCl, Dronedarone HCl, trifluorerazine 2HCl, Tetrandrine, comivaptan HCl, Nilotinib, Vandetanib (ZD6474), Clofazimine, Sertraline HCl, Thioridazine HCl, Celecoxib, Vortioxetine, ensodinium salt, Actidione, Raloxifene HCl, Temsirolimus (CCI-779, NSC683864), Salifungin, preferably one or more of Nilotinib, Clofazimine, Celecoxib, diediketine HCl, Raloxifene HCl, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of coviv-19 pneumonia following infection with the virus.

6. The use according to claim 4 or 5, comprising at least one therapeutic agent selected from antiviral agents, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, vasoactive drugs and drugs for the treatment of viral infections and/or diseases caused by viral infections and known drugs, preferably wherein said therapeutic agent is an antiviral agent; wherein said therapeutic agent is an immunomodulatory agent, further preferred wherein said therapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of interferons, imiquimod, resiquimod, podophyllotoxin, bleomycin and retinoids; further preferably, the therapeutic agent is selected from interferon- α, lopinavir, linonevir, ribavirin, chloroquine phosphate, and abidol; further preferably, the pharmaceutical composition further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of antitussives, mucolytics, expectorants, antipyretics, analgesics and nasal decongestants.

7. Use according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the coronavirus is a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, preferably wherein the coronavirus is a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.

8. The use of claim 4 or 5, comprising administering an effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, polymorph, solvate, hydrate, metabolite, prodrug or diastereomeric form thereof.

9. Use according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 is contained in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

10. The use of claim 4 or 5, wherein the pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 is administered orally, parenterally, intravenously, intramuscularly, transdermally, via the oral route, subcutaneously or by suppository.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of virology and pharmaceutical chemistry, and particularly relates to a compound for inhibiting the replication of a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 virus, a mechanism for inhibiting the replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus by the compound, and application of the compound in preventing and treating related diseases caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, particularly related diseases related to inflammation and autoimmunity.

Background

The novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and the middle east respiratory syndrome Coronavirus MERS-CoV, the severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus SARS-CoV belong to the family of coronaviridae, and the Coronavirus (Coronavir, CoVs) is an enveloped single-strand positive-strand RNA virus, the genome length of which is about 26000-32000bp, and the Coronavirus is the largest RNA virus known at present.

By 5, 13 and 13 days in 2020, about 420 ten thousand cases and about 29 ten thousand deaths of global new coronary pneumonia are diagnosed. One of the factors that contribute to the mortality rate is the lack of an effective treatment regimen. There is an urgent need for effective antiviral drugs to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection, which not only reduces the disease burden on the patient, but also reduces the risk of the patient infecting others. While developing new drugs takes years to determine their safety and efficacy, it may not be practical to control SARS-CoV-2 infection in a short period of time. The most rapid way is therefore to screen drugs against SARS-CoV-2 infection from FDA marketed drugs. Currently, antiviral drugs have been widely used such as: saquinavir (saquinavir), indinavir (indinavir), ritonavir (ritonavir), nelfinavir (nelfinavir), amprenavir (amprenavir) and lopinavir (lopinavir) are mainly used for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), a pathogenic retrovirus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and its associated lesions. The anti-Ebola virus test drug Reddesivir (remdesivir) developed by Gilidische scientific Inc. can inhibit RNA synthetase (RdRp), and hopefully inhibit COVID-19 coronavirus. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find more safe and effective drugs for treating coronavirus. However, the above drugs have toxic side effects and may cause unnecessary damage to the patient himself, so that the search for a less toxic anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug is an urgent solution for treating COVID-19.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for treating COVID-19, which avoids the use of drugs with serious toxic and side effects and has stable effect.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a pharmaceutical composition against the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which comprises an effective amount of one or more of Amlodipine Besylate, Fendiline HCl, DronedaroneHCl, trifluorerazine 2HCl, Tetrandrine, Conivaptan HCl, Nilotinib, Vanderitan (ZD6474), Clofazine, Sertraline HCl, Thiodiazine HCl, Celecoxib, Vortioxetine, Monensin sodium salt, Actidione, Raloxifene HCl, Temsirolimus (CCI-779, NSC683864), Salifungin.

Further, the active ingredient in such pharmaceutical compositions may also be a conjugate of the above-described compounds for the purpose of administering a therapeutic molecule or incorporating a label, examples of which include, but are not limited to, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, amido, amino, ether, thioether, ester, alkylene, heteroalkylene, aryl, or heterocyclyl, each of which may be optionally substituted as is well known in the art.

Furthermore, the invention provides the application of the pharmaceutical composition in preparing a medicament for treating or preventing novel coronavirus, wherein the coronavirus is novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV.

Further, the present invention provides the use of a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more of Amlodipine Besylate, Fendiline HCl, Dronedarone HCl, trifluorerazine 2HCl, Tetrandrine, Conivaptan HCl, Nilotinib, Vanderanib (ZD6474), Clofazine, Sertraline HCl, Thioridazine HCl, Celecoxib, Vortioxetine, Monensin sodium salt, Actidione, Raloxifene HCl, Temsirolimus (CCI-779, NSC683864), Salifungin for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of a coronavirus;

further, the present invention provides the use of a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more of Amlodipine Besylate, Fendiline HCl, Dronedarone HCl, trifluorerazine 2HCl, Tetrandrine, Conivaptan HCl, Nilotinib, Vandernib (ZD6474), Clofazine, Sertraline HCl, Thioridazine HCl, Celecoxib, Vortioxetine, Monensin sodium salt, Actidione, Raloxifene HCl, Temsirolimus (CCI-779, NSC683864), Salifungin for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of COVID-19 pneumonia following viral infection.

Preferably, the composition is one or more of Nilotinib, Clofazimine, Celecoxib, Actidione, Raloxifene HCl.

Preferably, the composition further comprises at least one therapeutic agent selected from the group consisting of antiviral agents, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, vasoactive drugs and drugs for treating viral infections and/or diseases caused by viral infections and known drugs, preferably wherein the therapeutic agent is an antiviral agent, preferably wherein the therapeutic agent is an immunomodulator;

preferably, the therapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of interferons, imiquimod, resiquimod, podophyllotoxins, bleomycin, and retinoids;

preferably, wherein said therapeutic agent is selected from interferon- α, lopinavir, linonevir, ribavirin, chloroquine phosphate, abidol;

preferably, the composition further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of antitussives, mucolytics, expectorants, antipyretics, analgesics and nasal decongestants;

preferably, the virus is a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV.

Further, the present invention provides a use of a pharmaceutical composition for the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing covi-19 pneumonia caused by infection with a virus, comprising administering an effective amount of the above pharmaceutical composition and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, polymorphs, solvates, hydrates, metabolites, prodrugs or diastereomeric forms thereof; preferably, it comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Further, the above pharmaceutical compositions are administered orally, parenterally, intravenously, intramuscularly, transdermally, via the oral route, subcutaneously or by suppository.

Effects of the invention

The invention has the positive effect that 18 FDA marketed drugs such as Amlodipine Besylate, Fendiline HCl, Dronedarone HCl, trifluorerazine 2HCl, Tetrandrine, Conivaptan HCl, Nilotinib, Vanderanib (ZD6474), Clofazine, Sertraline HCl, Thioridazine HCl, Celecoxib, Vortioxetine, Monensin sodium salt, Actidione, Raloxifene HCl, Temsirolimus (CCI-779, NSC683864), Salifungin and the like can effectively inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 virus, and the compounds can directly become drugs for treating SARS-CoV-2.

The results of in vitro cell experiments show that: said 18 medicines and their composition have very small toxic action to Vero normal cell, but can obviously inhibit infection of SARS-CoV-2 virus to normal cell, and at cell level can inhibit SARS-CoV-2, and can obviously reduce virus's toxic value in cell and inhibit its proliferation in cell, and has dose-dependent property.

Therefore, the 18 medicines and the composition thereof can be used as a novel replication inhibitor of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, have the potential of treating COVID-19 pneumonia caused by human infection with the virus or other diseases caused by animal infection, and have the advantages of high safety, small toxic and side effects and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 virus replication in Vero cells by compounds of formula (a) Amlodipine Besylate, (b) Fendiline HCl, (c) Dronedarone HCl, (d) trifluroperazine 2HCl, (e) Tetrandrine, (f) Conivaptan HCl, (g) Nilotinib, (h) Vanderan (ZD6474), (i) Clofazine, (j) Sertraline HCl, (k) Thioridazine HCl, (l) Celecoxib, (m) Vortioxetine, (n) Monensin sodium salt, (o) Actidione, (p) Raloxifene HCl, (q) Temsirolimus (CCI-779, NSC683864), (r) Salifungin

Detailed Description

Vero was purchased from ATCC; SARS-CoV-2 virus is isolated from the sample; one-Step Absolute quantitative PCR enzyme Fast Virus 1-Step Master Mix (4444434), Trizol LS from Thermo; direct-zol of nucleic acid extraction kit^TMRNA MiniPrep (R2052) was purchased from Zymo Research; CCK8 kit (40203) was purchased from Shanghai assist in san Biotech Co., Ltd.

1. RNA extraction in supernatant

The operation is carried out according to the instruction of the nucleic acid extraction kit, and the specific steps are as follows:

1) adding equal volume of absolute ethyl alcohol into the sample added with Trizol LS, uniformly mixing, transferring the liquid to Zymo-Spin^TMIICR column, which is placed on a collection tube and centrifuged at 10000g for 1min

2) Zymo-Spin^TMIICR column transfer to fresh collection tubes

3) In Zymo-Spin^TM400 μ l of Direct-zol was added to the IICR column^TMRNA PreWash, 10000g for 1min,after discarding the flow-through liquid, repeating the procedure

4) In Zymo-Spin^TMAdding 700 μ l RNA Wash Buffer into IICR column, centrifuging at 10000g for 2min

5) Zymo-Spin^TMIICR column was transferred to a clean EP tube, 50. mu.l of nuclease-free water was added, and centrifugation was carried out at 10000g for 1min

6) The RNA sample can be directly used for subsequent experiments or frozen in a refrigerator at-80 DEG C

2. Absolute quantitative PCR

the RNA standard was diluted 10-fold at 1X 10⁹，1×10⁸，……1×10⁴Duplicate wells for each set of samples

Absolute quantitative PCR system

Fast Virus 1-Step Master Mix(4×)	5μl
		Primer 1 (50. mu.M)	0.1μl
Primer 2 (50. mu.M)	0.1μl
		Probe (20 μ M)	0.1μl
Nucleic acids	5μl
		Water (W)	9.4μl

PCR amplification procedure: 50 ℃, 15min, 95 ℃, 3 min; 95 ℃, 15s, 60 ℃, 45s + Plate Read, 50 cycles total

The amplification process, the fluorescence signal detection and the data storage and analysis are all completed by a fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument and self-contained software.

3. Cell viability assay

1) Vero cells were seeded in 96-well plates at 37 ℃ with 5% CO₂Culturing overnight in an incubator

2) Different concentrations of drugs (30, 10, 3.33, 1.11, 0.37, 0.12, 0.04, 0.014. mu.M) were added to the plates

3) Incubate the plate in incubator for 24h

4) Add 10. mu.l of CCK8 solution to each well (care not to generate bubbles in the well which would affect the OD reading)

5) Incubating the culture plate in an incubator for 1-4h

6) Absorbance at 450nm was measured with a microplate reader

7) If OD is not to be measured temporarily, 10. mu.l of 0.1M HCl solution or 1% W/V SDS solution may be added to each well, and the plate may be covered and kept at room temperature in the absence of light. The absorbance did not change when measured over 24 hours.

Note that: if the test substance is aerobic or reductive, the drug effect can be removed by replacing the fresh medium (removing the medium and washing the cells twice with medium and then adding new medium) before adding CCK-8. Of course, when the influence of the drug is small, the blank absorption after the drug is added into the culture medium can be directly deducted without replacing the culture medium.

Vitality calculation

Cell viability (%) ([ a (dosed) -a (blank) ]/[ a (0 dosed) -a (blank) ] × 100

A (dosing): absorbance of wells with cells, CCK-8 solution and drug solution

A (blank): absorbance of wells with media and CCK-8 solution without cells

A (0 dosing): absorbance of wells with cells, CCK-8 solution and no drug solution

Cell viability: cell proliferation Activity or cytotoxic Activity

Vero cells were loaded with different concentrations (30, 10, 3.33, 1.11, 0.37, 0.12, 0.04, 0.014. mu.M) of test compound at 37 ℃ with 5% CO₂The incubator is treated for 1h, then SARS-CoV-2 virus with 0.1MOI is added, and the incubation is continued for 1h at 37 ℃. Subsequently, the cells were washed once with a blank medium, and the test compound (30, 10, 3.33, 1.11, 0.37, 0.12, 0.04, 0.014. mu.M) was added thereto at different concentrations, and after further culturing until viral infection was completed for 24 hours, RNA from the culture supernatant was extracted, and changes in viral copy number were detected by absolute quantitative PCR, and the viral copy number treated with 0.014. mu.M test compound was taken as the maximum infection value, and the copy numbers at other concentrations were divided by the copy number of the 0.014. mu.M group to obtain the viral replication ratio. Nonlinear fitting (% inhibition) is carried out on the data by utilizing graphpad 7.0 software to obtain the IC of the compound to be detected₅₀。

Vero cells were cultured at 37 ℃ for 24 hours with different concentrations (30, 10, 3.33, 1.11, 0.37, 0.12, 0.04, 0.014. mu.M) of test compound added thereto, and then cell activity was measured using CCK8 kit. Nonlinear fitting (% cell viability) is carried out on the data by utilizing graphpad 7.0 software to obtain CC of the compound to be detected₅₀。

By SI ═ CC₅₀/IC₅₀(CC 50: cytoxicity concentration, drug concentration at which 50% of the cells were killed IC 50: inhibition concentration, half maximal inhibitory concentration), and the results obtained by calculation are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 summary of drugs inhibiting SARS-CoV-2

As can be seen from the data: for those skilled in the art, the higher the SI value in the process of screening drugs, the lower the drug toxicity, the better the SI is generally greater than 10 in the drug screening experiment, and the SI of Nilotinib, Clofazimine, Celecoxib, Actidione, and Raloxifene HCl in the above drugs is far greater than 10, which indicates that the above drugs have significant drug application prospects, and further research on them can be performed.

Also, as can be seen from the results in fig. 1, as the concentration of the added compound increases, the viral titer decreases, being dose dependent, and the preparation of the drug provides a consideration. If the medicine is applied to clinic, one of the reasons is that the toxicity of the medicine is low, and the medicine does not bring great side effects to human bodies. Wherein a higher CC50 indicates a higher concentration of drug that causes 50% cell death; the lower the IC50, the lower the concentration of drug indicating that the inhibition efficiency reaches 50%; therefore, the higher the CC50, the lower the IC50, the higher the SI value, and the lower the drug toxicity.

From the analysis in table 1, it is known that drugs effective for coronavirus infection belong to a wide range of drug therapies including those for treating neurological diseases, hormones, ion channels, enzymes, and some antibacterial agents, etc.

The present invention has been described in detail above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced in a wide range of equivalent parameters, concentrations, and conditions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and without undue experimentation. While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be appreciated that the invention can be further modified. In general, the invention is intended to encompass any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention, including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains.