阅读说明：本技术 一种海上风电场海缆敷设状态探查系统及其工作方法 (Submarine cable laying state probing system for offshore wind farm and working method of submarine cable laying state probing system ) 是由 曾崇济 郭小江 闫姝 许世森 史绍平 王绍民 陈晓路 王茂华 刘溟江 谢伟华 郑 于 2020-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开的一种海上风电场海缆敷设状态探查系统及其工作方法,属于海上风电运维技术领域。水声换能模块、运动检测模块和海水测量模块分别连接至图像信息处理及控制模块,图像信息处理及控制模块连接至通讯模块,所有模块通过供电模块供电；通讯模块与陆上指挥站通讯互联。水声换能模块包括发射基阵和接收基阵,发射基阵和接收基阵为能够收发高低频段声波的平面组合声基阵,发射基阵和接收基阵在载体的航迹方向直线排列,接收基阵为若干无指向性的接收阵元组成的线阵。能够精准探查海缆敷设位置、深度以及走向,为海上风电场海缆施工安装以及后续巡检运维提供精准的目标信息,大大提升了探查效率和经济效益。(The invention discloses an offshore wind farm submarine cable laying state exploration system and a working method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of offshore wind power operation and maintenance. The underwater sound transduction module, the motion detection module and the seawater measurement module are respectively connected to the image information processing and control module, the image information processing and control module is connected to the communication module, and all the modules are powered by the power supply module; the communication module is communicated and interconnected with the onshore command station. The underwater acoustic transduction module comprises a transmitting array and a receiving array, the transmitting array and the receiving array are planar combined acoustic arrays capable of receiving and transmitting high-frequency and low-frequency sound waves, the transmitting array and the receiving array are linearly arranged in the track direction of the carrier, and the receiving array is a linear array formed by a plurality of non-directional receiving array elements. Can accurate explore submarine cable laying position, degree of depth and trend, for offshore wind power plant submarine cable construction installation and follow-up operation and maintenance of patrolling and examining provide accurate target information, promoted greatly and explored efficiency and economic benefits.)

1. A submarine cable laying state exploration system for an offshore wind farm is characterized by comprising an underwater acoustic transducer module (1), an image information processing and control module (2), a motion detection module (3), a seawater measurement module (4), a communication module (5) and a power supply module (6), wherein the underwater acoustic transducer module, the image information processing and control module, the seawater measurement module (4) and the power supply module are arranged on a carrier;

the underwater acoustic transduction module (1) comprises a transmitting array (1-1) and a receiving array (1-2), the transmitting array (1-1) and the receiving array (1-2) are planar combined acoustic arrays capable of receiving and transmitting high-frequency and low-frequency sound waves, the transmitting array (1-1) and the receiving array (1-2) are linearly arranged in the track direction of a carrier, and the receiving array (1-2) is a linear array formed by a plurality of non-directional receiving array elements;

the underwater sound energy conversion module (1), the motion detection module (3) and the seawater measurement module (4) are respectively connected to the image information processing and control module (2), and the image information processing and control module (2) is connected to the communication module (5); the underwater sound energy conversion module (1), the image information processing and control module (2), the motion detection module (3), the seawater measurement module (4) and the communication module (5) are powered by the power supply module (6); the communication module (5) is communicated and interconnected with the onshore command station.

2. The offshore wind farm submarine cable laying state exploration system according to claim 1, characterized in that image information processing and control module (2) comprises a control module (2-1), an echo signal processing module (2-2) and an acoustic map mosaic module (2-3); the control module (2-1) is connected with the transmitting array (1-1), the echo signal processing module (2-2) is connected with the receiving array (1-2) and the sonogram mosaic module (2-3), and the sonogram mosaic module (2-3) is connected with the motion detection module (3).

3. Marine wind farm sea cable laying status probing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the motion detection module (3) comprises a carrier positioning device (3-1) and an action attitude measurement device (3-2).

4. The offshore wind farm submarine cable laying state exploration system according to claim 3, characterized in that carrier positioning device (3-1) is a Beidou positioning device or a GPS positioning device; the action attitude measuring device (3-2) comprises an acoustic Doppler log, an underwater ultra-short baseline locator and a fiber optic gyroscope.

5. The system for exploring the laying state of the sea cable in the offshore wind farm according to claim 4, characterized in that the underwater acoustic transducer module (1), the acoustic Doppler log and the underwater ultra-short baseline locator are arranged at the bottom of the carrier, the image information processing and control module (2) is arranged inside the carrier, the carrier positioning device (3-1) and the communication module (5) are arranged at the top of the carrier, and the seawater measurement module (4) is arranged at the bow of the carrier.

6. Offshore wind farm sea cable laying status exploration system according to claim 1, characterized by the sea water measurement module (4) comprising a temperature sensor (4-1) and a salinity sensor (4-2).

7. Marine wind farm sea cable laying status probing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the communication module (5) is a maritime 5G communication module.

8. Marine wind farm sea cable laying status exploration system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that power supply module (6) is a large capacity accumulator, power supply module (6) being connected to the power supply equipment of the carrier by means of cables.

9. The offshore wind farm sea cable laying state exploration system according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier is a ship, a towed body or an underwater unmanned autonomous vehicle.

10. The working method of the offshore wind farm submarine cable laying state exploration system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: the carrier starts to scan in a large range from the sea area near the landing section of the submarine cable, and sails to the offshore wind farm along the laying path of the submarine cable after the position of the submarine cable is locked;

step 2: a transmitting array (1-1) of the underwater acoustic transduction module (1) periodically transmits high-frequency and low-frequency pulse signals to the seabed at the position where the submarine cable is laid, a receiving array element of the receiving array (1-2) in the distance direction completes beam forming in a section perpendicular to the sailing direction, and a receiving array element in the track direction ensures grating lobe suppression during beam forming processing in the distance direction; the motion detection module (3) collects relevant data of the navigation distance, navigation height, course slewing rate, roll/pitch angle and water surface position of the carrier in real time; the seawater measurement module (4) collects the temperature and salinity related data of the marine environment where the carrier is located in real time;

and step 3: and (3) processing the relevant data obtained in the step (2) by an image information processing and control module (2), obtaining a three-dimensional acoustic image of the imaged submarine cable and the stratum around the submarine cable through motion compensation and underwater acoustic environment correction, fusing and splicing the overlapped parts by utilizing the geographic information of a plurality of images to obtain a three-dimensional image of the submarine cable and the stratum around the submarine cable in a large range, and sending the three-dimensional image to a onshore command station through a communication module (5).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of offshore wind power operation and maintenance, and particularly relates to an offshore wind power plant submarine cable laying state exploration system and a working method thereof.

Background

With the large-scale development of offshore wind power, the three-core optical fiber composite submarine cable is widely applied to submarine power transmission and distribution networks of offshore wind power plants. To avoid damage to the submarine cables when exposed above the seabed mud level, it is generally required that the submarine cables be buried deep in the seabed soil. The submarine cable components are exposed and damaged due to insufficient submarine cable laying depth in the first offshore wind farm Block Island offshore wind power project in the United states, and the whole wind farm is exposed to the risk of operation suspension. Therefore, a detection work for the laying state of the submarine cable is indispensable.

The safety protection of the submarine cable of the offshore wind power plant mostly depends on an online monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing, the detection means of the state change of the submarine cable caused by seabed movement, scouring and the like after laying is insufficient, and a proper exploration method for detecting whether the submarine cable is exposed or suspended caused by scouring is lacked. The existing diving model and ROV operation are easily limited by the water quality of sea area; the multi-beam sounding technology is difficult to penetrate the mud surface of the seabed, and the buried state of the submarine cable under the mud surface cannot be obtained; according to the synthetic aperture sonar technology, the swept seabed area is too large, and a sonar system needs to be carried by a special floating body and dragged by a corresponding ship; although the shallow stratum profiler has high resolution, the exploration efficiency is low; the magnetometer system is then susceptible to the metallic medium surrounding the sea cable.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the submarine cable laying state exploration system for the offshore wind farm and the working method thereof, which can accurately explore the laying position, depth and direction of the submarine cable, provide accurate target information for construction and installation of the submarine cable of the offshore wind farm and subsequent inspection, operation and maintenance, and greatly improve exploration efficiency and economic benefit.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention discloses a submarine cable laying state exploration system for an offshore wind farm, which comprises an underwater acoustic transduction module, an image information processing and control module, a motion detection module, a seawater measurement module, a communication module and a power supply module, wherein the underwater acoustic transduction module, the image information processing and control module, the motion detection module, the seawater measurement module, the communication module and the power supply module are arranged on a carrier;

the underwater acoustic transduction module comprises a transmitting array and a receiving array, the transmitting array and the receiving array are planar combined acoustic arrays capable of transmitting and receiving high-frequency and low-frequency sound waves, the transmitting array and the receiving array are linearly arranged in the track direction of the carrier, and the receiving array is a linear array formed by a plurality of non-directional receiving array elements;

the underwater acoustic transduction module, the motion detection module and the seawater measurement module are respectively connected to the image information processing and control module, and the image information processing and control module is connected to the communication module; the underwater sound transduction module, the image information processing and control module, the motion detection module, the seawater measurement module and the communication module are powered by the power supply module; the communication module is communicated and interconnected with the onshore command station.

Preferably, the image information processing and control module comprises a control module, an echo signal processing module and an acoustic image mosaic module; the control module is connected with the transmitting array, the echo signal processing module is connected with the receiving array and the sound image mosaic module, and the sound image mosaic module is connected with the motion detection module.

Preferably, the motion detection module comprises a carrier positioning device and an action attitude measurement device.

Further preferably, the carrier positioning device is a Beidou positioning device or a GPS positioning device; the action attitude measuring device comprises an acoustic Doppler log, an underwater ultra-short baseline locator and a fiber optic gyroscope.

Further preferably, the underwater acoustic transduction module, the acoustic Doppler log and the underwater ultrashort baseline locator are arranged at the bottom of the carrier, the image information processing and control module is arranged in the carrier, the carrier positioning device and the communication module are arranged at the top of the carrier, and the seawater measurement module is arranged at the bow of the carrier.

Preferably, the seawater measurement module comprises a temperature sensor and a salinity sensor.

Preferably, the communication module is a maritime 5G communication module.

Preferably, the power supply module is a large-capacity storage battery, and the power supply module is connected with the power supply device of the carrier through a cable.

Preferably, the carrier is a ship, a towed body or an underwater unmanned autonomous vehicle.

The invention discloses a working method of the offshore wind power plant submarine cable laying state exploration system, which comprises the following steps:

step 1: the carrier starts to scan in a large range from the sea area near the landing section of the submarine cable, and sails to the offshore wind farm along the laying path of the submarine cable after the position of the submarine cable is locked;

step 2: a transmitting array of the underwater acoustic transduction module periodically transmits high-frequency and low-frequency pulse signals to the seabed at the position where the submarine cable is laid, a receiving array element of the receiving array in the distance direction completes beam forming in a section perpendicular to the sailing direction, and a receiving array element in the track direction ensures grating lobe suppression during beam forming processing in the distance direction; the motion detection module collects relevant data of the navigation distance, navigation height, course slewing rate, roll/pitch angle and water surface position of the carrier in real time; the seawater measurement module collects the temperature and salinity related data of the marine environment where the carrier is located in real time;

and step 3: and (3) processing the relevant data obtained in the step (2) by the image information processing and control module, obtaining a three-dimensional acoustic image of the imaged submarine cable and the stratum around the submarine cable through motion compensation and underwater acoustic environment correction, fusing and splicing the overlapped parts by utilizing the geographic information of a plurality of images to obtain a large-range three-dimensional image of the submarine cable and the stratum around the submarine cable, and sending the large-range three-dimensional image to a onshore command station through the communication module.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

the invention discloses an offshore wind power plant submarine cable laying state exploration system, which adopts a high-low frequency combined multi-beam synthetic aperture sonar technology, wherein high-frequency sound waves are used for exploring a submarine three-dimensional landform of an offshore wind power plant, low-frequency sound waves are used for exploring a submarine cable laying state under a submarine mud surface and a surrounding stratum structure thereof, and the combination of the high-frequency sound waves and the low-frequency sound waves can realize three-dimensional acoustic mapping imaging of submarine cables and surrounding stratum landforms; by adopting the planar combined acoustic array, the gap compensation is carried out on the carrier vertically downwards, and the echo direction of the submarine cable target is judged through the formation of distance-direction wave beams, so that the laying depth of the submarine cable is obtained, the problem of gaps existing in a vertical bottom area is solved, and the laying position, depth and direction of the submarine cable can be accurately probed; and the motion compensation data obtained by the motion detection module and the underwater acoustic environment correction data obtained by the seawater measurement module greatly improve the accuracy, provide accurate target information for the construction and installation of the offshore wind farm submarine cable and the subsequent inspection, operation and maintenance, and greatly improve the exploration efficiency and the economic benefit.

Furthermore, the Beidou positioning device or the GPS positioning device can provide accurate carrier position information acoustic Doppler log, underwater ultra-short baseline positioning instrument and optical fiber gyroscope can provide accurate carrier motion information.

Furthermore, the temperature sensor and the salinity sensor can provide temperature and salinity information of seawater, underwater acoustic environment correction is carried out, and accuracy of an exploration result is improved.

Furthermore, the communication module adopts a maritime 5G communication module, so that the stability is high, the coverage area is wide, the data rate is high, the time delay is low, the special environment on the sea surface can be adapted, and the communication stability is improved.

The working method of the offshore wind power plant submarine cable laying state exploration system disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high automation degree and high accuracy of exploration results, the efficiency of exploration operation is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic system composition diagram of a submarine cable laying state detection system of an offshore wind farm according to the invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a planar combined acoustic array of the underwater acoustic transducer module of the present invention.

In the figure: the device comprises a 1-underwater sound transduction module, a 1-1-transmitting array, a 1-2-receiving array, a 2-image information processing and control module, a 2-1-control module, a 2-2-echo signal processing module, a 2-3-sound image mosaic module, a 3-motion detection module, a 3-1-carrier positioning device, a 3-2-motion attitude measurement device, a 4-seawater measurement module, a 4-1-temperature sensor, a 4-2-salinity sensor, a 5-communication module and a 6-power supply module.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative and not limiting:

referring to fig. 1, the system for detecting the laying state of the submarine cable in the offshore wind farm of the present invention includes an underwater acoustic transducer module 1, an image information processing and control module 2, a motion detection module 3, a seawater measurement module 4, a communication module 5 and a power supply module 6, which are arranged on a carrier; the underwater acoustic transduction module 1, the motion detection module 3 and the seawater measurement module 4 are respectively connected to the image information processing and control module 2, and the image information processing and control module 2 is connected to the communication module 5; the underwater sound energy conversion module 1, the image information processing and control module 2, the motion detection module 3, the seawater measurement module 4 and the communication module 5 are powered by the power supply module 6; the communication module 5 is communicated and interconnected with the onshore command station. The underwater acoustic transduction module 1, the acoustic Doppler log and the underwater ultra-short baseline locator are arranged at the bottom of the carrier, the image information processing and control module 2 is arranged in the carrier, the carrier positioning device 3-1 and the communication module 5 are arranged at the top of the carrier, and the seawater measurement module 4 is arranged at the bow of the carrier.

As shown in fig. 2, the underwater acoustic transducer module 1 includes a transmitting array 1-1 and a receiving array 1-2, the transmitting array 1-1 and the receiving array 1-2 are planar combined acoustic arrays capable of receiving and transmitting high and low frequency range acoustic waves, the transmitting array 1-1 and the receiving array 1-2 are linearly arranged in the track direction of a carrier, and the receiving array 1-2 is a linear array composed of a plurality of non-directional receiving array elements.

The image information processing and control module 2 comprises a control module 2-1, an echo signal processing module 2-2 and an acoustic image mosaic module 2-3; the control module 2-1 is connected with the transmitting array 1-1, the echo signal processing module 2-2 is connected with the receiving array 1-2 and the acoustic image mosaic module 2-3, and the acoustic image mosaic module 2-3 is connected with the motion detection module 3.

The motion detection module 3 comprises a carrier positioning device 3-1 and an action attitude measuring device 3-2. The carrier positioning device 3-1 is a Beidou positioning device or a GPS positioning device; the action attitude measuring device 3-2 comprises an acoustic Doppler log, an underwater ultrashort baseline locator and a fiber optic gyroscope.

The seawater measurement module 4 includes a temperature sensor 4-1 and a salinity sensor 4-2.

The communication module 5 preferably adopts a maritime 5G communication module.

The power supply module 6 preferably uses a large-capacity storage battery, and the power supply module 6 is connected to the power supply device of the carrier by a cable.

The working method of the submarine cable laying state exploration system for the offshore wind farm comprises the following steps:

step 1: the exploration system is mounted on a carrier (ship, towed body or unmanned autonomous underwater vehicle). The underwater acoustic transduction module 1 is fixed at the bottom of a carrier, and the transmitting array 1-1 and the receiving array 1-2 need to be linearly arranged along a track of the carrier; in the motion detection module 3, an acoustic Doppler log and an underwater ultrashort baseline locator are both arranged at the bottom of a carrier, an optical fiber gyroscope is arranged in the carrier, and a Beidou or GPS antenna is arranged at the top of the carrier; the seawater measuring module 4 is arranged at the bow part of the carrier; the communication module 5 is arranged on the top of the carrier; the image information processing and control module 2 and the power supply module 6 are mounted inside the carrier. The carrier starts to scan in a large range from the sea area near the landing section of the submarine cable, and sails to the offshore wind farm along the laying path of the submarine cable after the position of the submarine cable is locked;

step 2: in the working process, when the carrier moves on the water surface or in water, the transmitting array 1-1 of the underwater acoustic transducer module 1 periodically transmits high and low frequency pulse signals to the seabed at the position where the submarine cable is laid, the receiving array elements of the receiving array 1-2 in the distance direction complete wave beam formation in a section plane vertical to the navigation direction, and the receiving array elements in the track direction ensure grid lobe suppression during wave beam synthesis processing in the distance direction; the motion detection module 3 collects relevant data of the carrier such as navigation distance, navigation height, course slewing rate, roll/pitch angle, water surface position and the like in real time; the seawater measurement module 4 collects the temperature and salinity related data of the marine environment where the carrier is located in real time;

and step 3: the image information processing and control module 2 processes the relevant data obtained in the step 2, obtains a three-dimensional acoustic image of the submarine cable and the stratum around the submarine cable after imaging through motion compensation and underwater acoustic environment correction, fuses and splices the overlapped parts by utilizing the geographic information of a plurality of images to obtain a three-dimensional image of the submarine cable and the stratum around the submarine cable in a large range, and sends the three-dimensional image to a onshore command station through the communication module 5.

Specifically, according to the requirements of probing (such as distance resolution, carrier motion speed, and the like), the control module 2-1 determines a suitable period, power, and pulse width of the acoustic wave transmission signal, and transmits a control code to the transmission matrix 1-1, so that the transmission matrix transmits high and low frequency pulse signals according to the specific period, power, and pulse width. The echo signal is processed by the receiving array 1-2 to generate a digital signal which is convenient to store and has analyzed characteristics, and the signal is transmitted to the echo signal processing module 2-2. In the echo signal processing module 2-2, firstly, motion estimation error compensation is carried out according to the information returned by the motion detection module 3; then, pulse compression is carried out in the upward direction to obtain high resolution in the upward direction; then, multi-subarray synthetic aperture processing is carried out in the track direction, so that focusing imaging in a two-dimensional plane is realized; and then, noise reduction processing can be carried out in modes of filtering and the like to obtain final imaging data. The imaging data obtained in the echo signal processing module 2-2 is transmitted to the acoustic image mosaic module 2-3, firstly, the imaging data is positioned according to the information returned by the motion detection module 3, and then the imaging data is mosaic into the existing seabed three-dimensional seabed geological map according to the position information, so that the updated three-dimensional mapping of the seabed submarine cable and the surrounding landform is obtained.

The invention adopts the multi-beam synthetic aperture technology, can complete the full-coverage mapping of the submarine cable and the landform around the submarine cable at one time, does not need to additionally perform gap filling under the vertical direction of a carrier, and judges the target echo direction of the submarine cable through the beam forming in the distance direction, thereby obtaining the laying depth of the submarine cable; in addition, by increasing the opening angle of the transmitting beam along the track direction, the resolution capability of the track direction can be improved through a synthetic aperture technology.

It should be noted that the above description is only one embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes of the system described in the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention. Persons skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may substitute similar alternatives for the specific embodiments described, all without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.