阅读说明：本技术 大黄鱼保鲜的方法 (Method for keeping large yellow croaker fresh ) 是由 谢晶 蓝蔚青 赵亚楠 于 2021-07-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种大黄鱼保鲜的方法,该方法包括：将预制的臭氧水、工业盐和茶多酚混合,经流化冰机制取茶多酚臭氧流化冰,放置在泡沫箱中备用,臭氧水的浓度为1.7-1.9mg/L；将冰鲜大黄鱼洗净,沥干,放置装有流化冰的泡沫箱中,冰鱼体积比为2:1,使茶多酚臭氧流化冰完全覆盖鱼体表面,让鱼体包埋在流化冰之下；将贮藏大黄鱼的泡沫箱放置在冷藏柜中,每隔24h倒出冰水,重新添加茶多酚臭氧流化冰；本发明将臭氧、茶多酚及流化冰结合,起到协同作用贮藏的大黄鱼很大程度上降低微生物以及酶引起的腐败变质现象,且保持良好的品质。因此,采用茶多酚臭氧流化冰是延长冰鲜大黄鱼保鲜期的有效手段,且操作简单,保鲜成本低,安全性高。(The invention provides a method for keeping large yellow croaker fresh, which comprises the following steps: mixing the prepared ozone water, industrial salt and tea polyphenol, preparing tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice by a fluidized ice machine, and placing the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice in a foam box for later use, wherein the concentration of the ozone water is 1.7-1.9 mg/L; cleaning fresh large yellow croaker, draining, placing in a foam box filled with fluidized ice, wherein the volume ratio of the large yellow croaker to the ice is 2:1, so that the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice completely covers the surface of the fish body, and the fish body is embedded under the fluidized ice; placing a foam box for storing large yellow croakers in a refrigerator, pouring out ice water every 24 hours, and adding tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice again; the invention combines ozone, tea polyphenol and fluidized ice, so that the putrefaction and deterioration phenomena caused by microorganisms and enzymes are reduced to a great extent by the large yellow croaker which is stored under the synergistic effect, and good quality is kept. Therefore, the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice is an effective means for prolonging the preservation period of the iced fresh large yellow croaker, and the method is simple to operate, low in preservation cost and high in safety.)

1. A method for keeping large yellow croaker fresh is characterized by comprising the following steps: which comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice: mixing the prepared ozone water, industrial salt and tea polyphenol to obtain a mixed solution, and preparing tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice by a fluidized ice machine;

(2) after the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice is in uniform-size particles and is stably discharged, placing the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice in a foam box for later use, wherein the thickness of the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice is 4-5 cm;

(3) after the selected iced fresh large yellow croakers with uniform size and bright color are transported to a laboratory, the surfaces of the large yellow croakers are cleaned by sterile distilled water and drained;

(4) placing the drained large yellow croaker in a foam box, wherein the volume ratio of the icefish is 2:1, so that the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice completely covers the surface of the fish body;

(5) placing the foam box for storing the large yellow croaker in a refrigerated cabinet at 4 ℃, observing the melting state of the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice in the foam box every day, pouring out the ice water every 24 hours, and adding the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice again.

2. The method for keeping large yellow croaker fresh according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the prefabricated ozone water is prepared by an active oxygen water machine, and the concentration is 1.7-1.9 mg/L.

3. The method for keeping large yellow croaker fresh according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the concentration of the industrial salt in the mixed solution is 3.3-3.5 wt%, and the concentration of the tea polyphenol is 0.25-0.3 g/L.

4. The method for keeping large yellow croaker fresh according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the length of the foam box is 45cm, the width of the foam box is 22cm, and the height of the foam box is 22 cm.

5. The method for keeping large yellow croaker fresh according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the mass of the large yellow croaker is 400-500g, and the length is 18-20 cm; the delivery time is 0.5-1 h.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of prolonging the shelf life of aquatic products, and particularly relates to a method for keeping large yellow croakers fresh.

Background

The large yellow croaker (pseudosciena crocea) is also called yellow croaker, belongs to economic marine fishes of the family of the order Paracelidae, has tender and delicious meat quality and rich nutrition, and is one of the economic fishes in China. The large yellow croaker is rich in unsaturated fatty acid, has the effect of reducing cholesterol, and is a good fish food for people with high blood fat and high cholesterol. However, it is fatty fish, which is susceptible to oxidative rancidity of fat, and is also subject to microbial and enzymatic action during storage, causing spoilage and a correspondingly shortened shelf life. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a proper treatment mode to prolong the storage shelf life of the large yellow croaker and slow down the quality deterioration.

The ozone has strong oxidizing property, so that the ozone has better bacteriostatic or sterilizing effect, and can be directly decomposed into oxygen without residue along with the prolonging of time after ozone sterilization. However, the strong oxidizing property of ozone causes protein destruction and fat oxidation, which in turn has a serious influence on the texture, flavor and nutrients of the aquatic products.

Tea polyphenol is used as an antioxidant, has high safety and good antibacterial effect, is widely applied in the field of food preservation, can well protect protein and fat, and has good preservation effect. In addition, the tea polyphenol can be used as a nucleating agent, and the ice yield can be improved in the preparation of tea polyphenol fluidized ice.

Fluidized ice, also called binary ice, particle fluidized ice, fluid ice, ice slurry, liquid ice and the like, is a novel refrigeration medium, and refers to a two-phase mixed system consisting of spherical particle ice crystals and aqueous solution (such as seawater, brine and the like), wherein the ice particles are fine, smooth and easy to flow, can fully immerse fish bodies, isolate oxygen and reduce physical damage to the fish bodies. The fluidized ice can quickly pre-cool the aquatic product, keep the temperature constant, and also keep the surface of the sample in a wet and smooth state during storage, so that the body surface is prevented from being dried, and the appearance quality of the product is kept.

In recent years, for the research on the preservation of aquatic products by fluidized ice, blue-green and the like in a publication article of food science of 'the influence of fluidized ice storage on the quality and the moisture migration change of penaeus vannamei during ice storage', the research finds that the elasticity and the chewiness of samples are superior to crushed ice due to the fluidized ice storage; after the fluidized ice sample is stored for 10 days, the TVB-N content, the TBARS value and the total number of bacterial colonies of the fluidized ice sample are always maintained at lower levels, and the quality of the fluidized ice sample is obviously better than that of crushed ice.

As for the related research of ozone fluidized ice, Campos et al published in International Journal of Food Microbiology "articles" Effects of storage in organic suspensions on the sensor and the microbial quality of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) "found that the shelf lives of sardines stored in the sheets of ice and fluidized ice are 8d and 15d, respectively, and the shelf life of sardines stored in the ozone fluidized ice is 19d, respectively, compared to the conventional sheets of ice and fluidized ice, according to sensory analysis, and the numbers of psychrophiles, anaerobes and coliform groups are significantly reduced compared to the sheets of ice and fluidized ice.

For the research on the application of tea polyphenol in the fresh-keeping of aquatic products, Jujia et al, published in the article of food industry science and technology, the influence of tea polyphenol on the freshness change and myofibrillar protein oxidation of refrigerated weever, the research finds that the weever is soaked in 0.2 percent tea polyphenol solution for 60min, taken out and drained, and stored at 4 ℃, the tea polyphenol can obviously inhibit the increase of K value, TVB-N value and surface hydrophobicity of the weever during the refrigeration period, and the elution amount of myofibrillar protein, Ca during the whole storage period²⁺The content of ATPase activity, total sulfydryl and active sulfydryl is obviously higher than that of a control group, and the tea polyphenol can better keep the freshness of the weever in the cold storage period and inhibit the oxidation of myofibrillar protein of the weever in the cold storage process.

Therefore, the development of an ice storage mode which can ensure the quality of the large yellow croaker and obviously prolong the ice storage shelf life of the large yellow croaker is a problem to be solved, and has very important significance and value.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems of short storage and preservation period of the large yellow croaker, easy deterioration of the rhubarb, difficult guarantee of the quality, food waste and the like in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for preserving the large yellow croaker.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is as follows:

a method for keeping large yellow croaker fresh comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice: mixing the prepared ozone water, industrial salt and tea polyphenol to obtain a mixed solution, and preparing tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice in a laboratory by using an RE-1000W-SP fluidized ice machine;

(2) after the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice is in uniform-size particles and is stably discharged, placing the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice in a foam box for later use, wherein the thickness of the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice is 4-5 cm;

(3) transporting the selected iced fresh large yellow croaker with uniform size and bright color to a laboratory, washing the surface of the fish body with sterile distilled water, and draining for 3-5 min;

(4) placing the drained large yellow croaker in a foam box, wherein the volume ratio of the icefish is 2:1, so that the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice completely covers the surface of the fish body, and the fish body is embedded under the fluidized ice;

(5) placing the foam box for storing the large yellow croaker in a refrigerated cabinet at 4 ℃, observing the melting state of the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice in the foam box every day, pouring out the ice water every 24 hours, and adding the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice again.

Preferably, in the step (1), the prepared ozone water is prepared by an OZ-6000 active oxygen water machine, and the concentration is 1.7-1.9 mg/L.

Preferably, in the step (1), the concentration of the industrial salt in the mixed solution is 3.3-3.5 wt%, and the concentration of the tea polyphenol is 0.25-0.3 g/L.

Preferably, in step (2), the foam box has a length of 45cm, a width of 22cm and a height of 22 cm.

Preferably, in the step (3), the mass of the large yellow croaker is 400-500g, and the length is 18-20 cm; the delivery time is 0.5-1 h.

Due to the adoption of the scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the large yellow croaker is treated by the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice, so that a stable and proper low-temperature environment can be maintained, the number of microorganisms is reduced, the growth of the microorganisms is inhibited, the deterioration phenomenon caused by the growth and the reproduction of the microorganisms is avoided, and the aims of prolonging the storage and preservation period, reducing the quality reduction such as protein damage and fat oxidation are fulfilled. Meanwhile, the method is low in cost, easy to operate and capable of being popularized and applied in a large range.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the variation trend of the colony count (TVC) of large yellow croaker after storage of tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice (TOSI), tea polyphenol fluidized ice (TSI), ozone fluidized ice (OSI) and single fluidized ice (SI) in the example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the trend of the thiobarbituric acid value (TBA) of large yellow croaker after storage of tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice (TOSI), tea polyphenol fluidized ice (TSI), ozone fluidized ice (OSI) and single fluidized ice (SI) in the example of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the trend of the volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) of large yellow croaker after storage of tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice (TOSI), tea polyphenol fluidized ice (TSI), ozone fluidized ice (OSI) and single fluidized ice (SI) in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the trend of pH value change of large yellow croaker after storage in tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice (TOSI), tea polyphenol fluidized ice (TSI), ozone fluidized ice (OSI) and single fluidized ice (SI) according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows Ca in the example of the present invention of large yellow croaker after storing tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice (TOSI), tea polyphenol fluidized ice (TSI), ozone fluidized ice (OSI) and single fluidized ice (SI)²⁺Trend graph of the ATPase activity.

Fig. 6 is a graph showing the trend of the total thiol content of the large yellow croaker after storage of tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice (TOSI), tea polyphenol fluidized ice (TSI), ozone fluidized ice (OSI) and single fluidized ice (SI) in the example of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the variation trend of the Myofibril Fracture Index (MFI) of large yellow croaker after storage of tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice (TOSI), tea polyphenol fluidized ice (TSI), ozone fluidized ice (OSI) and single fluidized ice (SI) in the example of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the change trend of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of large yellow croaker after storage of tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice (TOSI), tea polyphenol fluidized ice (TSI), ozone fluidized ice (OSI) and single fluidized ice (SI) in the example of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a method for keeping large yellow croaker fresh.

The method for keeping the large yellow croaker fresh comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice: determining the mass concentration of ozone in water by referring to an iodometry method in GB/T5750.11-2006 disinfectant index of Standard test method for Drinking Water, preparing ozone water by an OZ-6000 active oxygen water machine, determining that the final mass concentration is 1.7-1.9mg/L, adding purchased industrial salt and tea polyphenol into the ozone water, completely dissolving to obtain a mixed solution, and preparing tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice by using an RE-1000W-SP fluidized ice machine in a laboratory;

(2) after the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice is in uniform-size particles and is stably discharged, filtering ice water by using a small basket with the diameter of 5mm, and placing the ice water in a foam box for later use, wherein the thickness of the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice is 4-5 cm;

(3) 500g of iced fresh large yellow croaker with the quality of 400-;

(4) washing the surface of the fish body with sterile distilled water, placing the fish body in a laboratory, draining for 3-5min, and randomly dividing the treated large yellow croakers into 4 groups of 7 fish in each group;

(5) placing the randomly divided large yellow croakers in a foam box filled with tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice, wherein the volume ratio of the ice fish is 2:1, so that the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice completely covers the surface of a fish body, and the fish body is embedded under the fluidized ice;

(6) and placing the foam box for storing the large yellow croaker in a refrigerated cabinet at 4 ℃, observing the melting state of the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice in the foam box every day, pouring out the ice water every 24 hours regularly, and adding the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice again to ensure that the large yellow croaker is always embedded in the fluidized ice.

Wherein, in the step (1), the concentration of the industrial salt in the mixed solution is 3.3-3.5 wt%, and the concentration of the tea polyphenol is 0.25-0.3 g/L.

Compared with the fluidized ice without tea polyphenol, the prepared tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice has high nucleation rate and high ice yield.

In step (2), the foam box had a length of 45cm, a width of 22cm and a height of 22 cm.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Example (b):

the method for keeping the large yellow croaker fresh comprises the following steps:

(1) and preparing experimental materials: in the Lufeng aquatic product market of New York New City, Pudong New district, Shanghai, the large yellow croaker with the quality of 400-500g and the length of 18-20cm is selected from fresh individuals with bright eyes, bright color, less fish scale falling, no peculiar smell and harder meat, and is transported back to a laboratory for treatment within 30min under the ice storage condition.

(2) Preparing tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice: ozone water with the concentration of 1.8mg/L prepared by an OZ-6000 active oxygen water machine, industrial salt and tea polyphenol are uniformly mixed to prepare a mixed solution (wherein the concentration of the industrial salt is 3.3 wt%, and the concentration of the tea polyphenol is 0.3g/L), a RE-1000W-SP fluidized ice machine is used in a laboratory to prepare tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice, a small basket with the diameter of 5mm is used for filtering the ice water, and when the ice water is completely in a fluidized ice state, the ice water is stored in a clean foam box with the length of 45cm, the width of 22cm and the height of 22 cm.

(3) Pretreatment of fish: washing the surface of fish with sterile distilled water, placing in a laboratory, draining for 3min, and dividing the treated large yellow croaker into 4 groups of 7 fish, each group comprising tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice group, tea polyphenol fluidized ice group, ozone fluidized ice group and single fluidized ice group.

(4) And placing the ice fish in a foam box with the length of 45cm, the width of 22cm and the height of 22cm, wherein the volume ratio of the ice fish is 2: 1. The 4 groups of samples were stored in a freezer at 4 ℃ for 20 days, ice was changed every 24h, and the temperature change was recorded.

And (4) respectively carrying out various freshness index determination samples on the four groups of samples, wherein each index is carried out in parallel. Placing large yellow croaker layer and ice layer into clean foam box, wherein the thickness of ice at the bottom layer is about 5cm, and the volume ratio of fluidized ice to fish is 2:1, sealing the foam box after packaging, storing at 4 deg.C, and replacing newly prepared fluidized ice every 24 h. From the beginning of storage, protein biochemical characteristics and quality index analysis are carried out on the large yellow croaker at 0d, 4d, 8d, 12d, 16d and 20d, and the quality of the ice-stored large yellow croaker is comprehensively evaluated.

As can be seen from fig. 1 to 8, the experimental results show that: the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice storage group can better maintain the physicochemical quality of a sample and obviously inhibit the degradation of protein. Compared with fluidized ice, tea polyphenol fluidized ice and ozone fluidized ice, the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice can obviously inhibit the increase of the pH value, TVB-N value, TBA value and total bacterial count, and delay Ca of fish meat²⁺-a decrease in ATPase activity and total thiol content, inhibition of increase in Myofibril Fragmentation Index (MFI) and degradation of proteins. At 20 days after storage, the fish-like protein stored in tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice can still keep high content of myosin heavy chain, actin and troponin, and effectively inhibit the degradation of the protein. Therefore, the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice has wide development prospect in the aspect of fresh-keeping, storage and processing of aquatic products.

In conclusion, the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice provided by the invention can effectively prevent the oxidation degradation of protein and the oxidation of fat in the fish body while keeping the fresh of the large yellow croaker. The ozone fluidized ice has a good sterilization effect, but the oxidation effect of the ozone fluidized ice causes serious protein oxidation degradation. In addition, the invention combines ozone, tea polyphenol and fluidized ice, so that the putrefaction and deterioration phenomena caused by microorganisms and enzymes are reduced to a great extent by the large yellow croaker which is stored under the synergistic effect, and good quality is kept. Therefore, the tea polyphenol ozone fluidized ice is an effective means for prolonging the preservation period of the iced fresh large yellow croaker, and the method is simple to operate, low in preservation cost and high in safety.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching without departing from the scope of the invention.