阅读说明：本技术 一种高空无人机的定位设备、定位方法及监视装置 (Positioning equipment, positioning method and monitoring device of high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle ) 是由 史晓锋 盖文迪 于 2020-01-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种高空无人机的定位设备、定位方法及监视装置,通过采用RTK地面站获取机场的基准点信息,并根据基准点信息得到机场的差分数据后,将差分数据传输给地面数传电台；地面数传电台接收到差分数据,并将差分数据传输给机载数传电台；机载数传电台将接受到的所述差分数据传输给机载GNSS接收机；机载GNSS接收机获取无人机的实时位置,并根据所接收到的差分数据,对无人机的实时位置进行定位校准,以精确得到所述无人机的位置坐标。然后将所获取的高空无人机的位置坐标发送给民航空管系统,民航空管系统根据高空无人机的位置坐标对高空无人机进行实时监视。(The invention relates to a positioning device, a positioning method and a monitoring device of a high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle.A real-time kinematic (RTK) ground station is adopted to acquire datum point information of an airport, differential data of the airport are obtained according to the datum point information, and then the differential data are transmitted to a ground data transmission radio station; the ground data transmission radio station receives the differential data and transmits the differential data to the airborne data transmission radio station; the airborne data radio transmits the received differential data to an airborne GNSS receiver; the airborne GNSS receiver acquires the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and carries out positioning calibration on the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the received differential data, so that the position coordinate of the unmanned aerial vehicle is accurately obtained. And then sending the acquired position coordinates of the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle to a civil aviation management system, and monitoring the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle in real time by the civil aviation management system according to the position coordinates of the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle.)

1. The utility model provides a high altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning device which characterized in that includes: the system comprises an RTK ground station, an airborne data transmission station, an airborne GNSS receiver and an airborne ADS-B responder;

the RTK ground station is in wireless connection with the airborne data transmission radio station; the airborne data transmission radio station, the airborne GNSS receiver and the airborne ADS-B responder are electrically connected in sequence;

the RTK ground station is used for acquiring reference point information of an airport, obtaining differential data of the airport according to the reference point information and transmitting the differential data to the airborne data transmission station;

the airborne data radio is used for transmitting the received differential data to the airborne GNSS receiver;

the airborne GNSS receiver is used for transmitting the received differential data to the airborne ADS-B responder;

the airborne ADS-B responder is used for acquiring the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and positioning and calibrating the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the received differential data to obtain the position coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

2. The high altitude drone positioning device of claim 1, wherein the RTK ground station includes:

the ground data transmission radio station is used for receiving the differential data transmitted by the RTK ground station and transmitting the differential data to the airborne data transmission radio station;

and the GNSS receiver is used for obtaining the difference data of the airport according to the reference point information of the airport.

3. The high altitude drone positioning device of claim 1, wherein the differential data includes differential GPS corrections of altitude, latitude, longitude and reference point.

4. The high altitude drone positioning device of claim 1, wherein the fiducial point information includes: altitude, latitude and longitude.

5. The high altitude drone positioning apparatus of claim 1 wherein the onboard ADS-B transponder is of type VT-01 UAV-X.

6. A high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning method is applied to the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning equipment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5; the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning method comprises the following steps:

acquiring reference point information of an airport;

determining difference data of an airport according to the datum point information;

and acquiring the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and positioning and calibrating the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the difference data of the airport to obtain the position coordinate of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

7. A high altitude unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring arrangement, its characterized in that includes: civil aviation piping and high altitude drone positioning apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5; the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning equipment is wirelessly connected with the civil aviation air traffic control system;

the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning equipment is used for acquiring the position coordinate of an unmanned aerial vehicle and sending the position coordinate to the civil aviation air traffic control system; the civil aviation air traffic control system is used for monitoring the unmanned aerial vehicle in real time according to the received position coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of positioning and monitoring of unmanned aerial vehicles, in particular to positioning equipment, a positioning method and a monitoring device of a high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle.

Background

At present, the positioning and navigation of a moving carrier such as an unmanned aerial vehicle can only depend on a GPS and an inertial navigation system, but in the inertial navigation system, the sensor is easily interfered by the external environment, so that the positioning precision is low. In the process of carrying out real-time supervision to unmanned aerial vehicle, can not accurate detection obtain unmanned aerial vehicle's accurate position. And most of the systems are monitoring systems aiming at the ground station of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle cannot be effectively positioned and monitored in real time.

Therefore, it is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the art to provide a system or a device which can accurately position a high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle and can complete real-time monitoring of the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide positioning equipment, a positioning method and a monitoring device of a high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle can be accurately positioned and monitored in real time.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

a high altitude drone positioning device comprising: the system comprises an RTK ground station, an airborne data transmission station, an airborne GNSS receiver and an airborne ADS-B responder;

the RTK ground station is in wireless connection with the airborne data transmission radio station; the airborne data radio station, the airborne GNSS receiver and the airborne ADS-B responder are electrically connected in sequence;

the RTK ground station is used for acquiring reference point information of an airport, obtaining differential data of the airport according to the reference point information and transmitting the differential data to the airborne data transmission station;

the airborne data radio is used for transmitting the received differential data to the airborne GNSS receiver;

the airborne GNSS receiver is used for transmitting the received differential data to the airborne ADS-B responder;

the airborne ADS-B responder is used for acquiring the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and positioning and calibrating the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the received differential data to obtain the position coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

Optionally, the RTK ground station includes:

the ground data transmission radio station is used for receiving the differential data transmitted by the RTK ground station and transmitting the differential data to the airborne data transmission radio station;

and the GNSS receiver is used for obtaining the difference data of the airport according to the reference point information of the airport.

Optionally, the differential data includes differential GPS corrections for altitude, latitude, longitude and reference point.

Optionally, the reference point information includes: altitude, latitude and longitude.

Optionally, the model of the airborne ADS-B transponder is VT-01 UAV-X.

A high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning method is applied to the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning equipment, and comprises the following steps:

acquiring reference point information of an airport;

determining difference data of an airport according to the datum point information;

and acquiring the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and positioning and calibrating the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the difference data of the airport to obtain the position coordinate of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

A high altitude drone surveillance device comprising: the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning equipment and the civil aviation air traffic control system are adopted;

the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning equipment is wirelessly connected with the civil aviation air traffic control system;

the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning equipment is used for acquiring the position coordinate of the unmanned aerial vehicle and sending the position coordinate to the civil aviation air traffic control system; the civil aviation air traffic control system is used for monitoring the unmanned aerial vehicle in real time according to the received position coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects: the positioning equipment, the positioning method and the monitoring device of the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle provided by the invention have the advantages that the RTK ground station is adopted to obtain the datum point information of an airport, and after the differential data of the airport are obtained according to the datum point information, the differential data are transmitted to the ground data transmission radio station; the ground data transmission radio station receives the differential data and transmits the differential data to the airborne data transmission radio station; the airborne data radio transmits the received differential data to an airborne GNSS receiver; the airborne GNSS receiver acquires the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and carries out positioning calibration on the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the received differential data, so that the position coordinate of the unmanned aerial vehicle is accurately obtained. And then sending the acquired position coordinates of the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle to a civil aviation management system, and monitoring the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle in real time by the civil aviation management system according to the position coordinates of the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

the system comprises 1-high altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning equipment, 11-RTK ground stations, 12-airborne data transmission stations, 13-airborne GNSS receivers, 14-airborne ADS-B answering machines and 2-civil aviation air traffic control systems.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention aims to provide positioning equipment, a positioning method and a monitoring device of a high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle can be accurately positioned and monitored in real time.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

ADS-B is called English: automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast, Chinese name: on-air auto-correlation monitoring.

The english language of RTKs is commonly known as: real-time kinematic, the Chinese name: real-time dynamic carrier phase difference technology.

The english language of GNSS is called: global Navigation Satellite System, the Chinese name: global navigation satellite system.

The english language of ATM is all: air traffic management, the Chinese name: and (5) air traffic management.

Wherein, ADS-B mainly implements air-to-air monitoring. Generally, only airborne electronic equipment (a GPS receiver, a data link transceiver, an antenna thereof and a cockpit conflict information display CDTI) is needed, and relevant functions can be completed without any ground auxiliary equipment. An ADS-B equipped aircraft may broadcast its own precise location and other data (e.g., speed, altitude, whether the aircraft is turning, climbing or descending, etc.) over a data link. The ADS-B receiver can provide accurate and real-time conflict information in the air space by combining with an air traffic control system and the airborne ADS-B of other airplanes.

The ADS-B system is an information system integrating communication and monitoring, and comprises an information source, an information transmission channel and an information processing and displaying part. The main information of ADS-B is 4-dimensional position information (longitude, latitude, altitude and time) of the aircraft and other possible additional information (collision warning information, pilot input information, track angle, airline inflection point, etc.) as well as identification information and category information of the aircraft. In addition, other additional information may be included, such as heading, airspeed, wind speed, wind direction, and aircraft ambient temperature.

The ADS-B monitoring technology is adopted, a ground station control platform system of the unmanned aerial vehicle is fully utilized, flight data of the unmanned aerial vehicle are obtained, information such as the position, the height and the speed of the unmanned aerial vehicle is encoded and converted into a TIS-B message to meet the data processing standard of civil aviation, and the TIS-B message is sent to the ADS-B data control center, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle is monitored by the civil aviation. Meanwhile, the space data of the manned aircraft in the action range of the ground station is acquired by using the ADS-B ground station, collision avoidance detection is carried out on the space data and unmanned aircraft data, and the unmanned aircraft ground station controls the flight of the unmanned aircraft according to the collision avoidance detection result, so that the purpose that the unmanned aircraft avoids the manned aircraft is achieved.

Moreover, the ADS-B technology is utilized to monitor the high-altitude medium-large unmanned aerial vehicles on the ground and the airport tower in real time, and the control of the airport tower on the airspace aircrafts around the airport is facilitated. And the aerial civil aviation passenger plane can in time discern aerial unmanned aerial vehicle, can ensure the transportation safety of air route.

Therefore, the present invention provides a high altitude drone positioning device based on ADS-B, as shown in fig. 1, the high altitude drone positioning device includes: the system comprises an RTK ground station 11, an airborne data transmission station 12, an airborne GNSS receiver 13 and an airborne ADS-B transponder 14.

The RTK ground station 11 is in wireless connection with the airborne data transmission radio station 12. The airborne data radio station 12, the airborne GNSS receiver 13 and the airborne ADS-B transponder 14 are electrically connected in sequence.

The RTK ground station 11 is configured to acquire reference point information of an airport, and transmit differential data of the airport to the airborne data radio 12 after obtaining the differential data according to the reference point information. The differential data is accurate positioning information of the reference point, and mainly comprises height, latitude, longitude and differential GPS correction quantity of the reference point (for a specific acquisition method of the differential GPS correction quantity, please refer to http:// www.doc88.com/p-6902032311554.html, and research of a differential GPS correction quantity algorithm, Yuancui, 2006). The reference point information includes: altitude, latitude and longitude.

The airborne data radio 12 is configured to transmit the received differential data to the airborne GNSS receiver 13.

The onboard GNSS receiver 13 is configured to transmit the received differential data to the onboard ADS-B transponder 14.

The airborne ADS-B responder 14 is used for acquiring the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and positioning and calibrating the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the received differential data to obtain the position coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

Wherein the RTK ground station 11 includes: terrestrial digital radio and GNSS receivers.

The ground data radio station is configured to receive the differential data transmitted by the RTK ground station 11, and transmit the differential data to the airborne data radio station 12.

The GNSS receiver is used for obtaining the difference data of the airport according to the reference point information of the airport.

The airborne ADS-B responder 14 adopted in the invention has the model VT-01UAV-X, and the ADS-B responder has the ADS-B OUT function.

In addition, aiming at the above high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning device 1, a high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning method is correspondingly provided, the work flow of the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning method is shown in fig. 2, and the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning method comprises the following steps:

s200, acquiring the reference point information of the airport.

S201, determining difference data of the airport according to the datum point information.

S202, acquiring the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and positioning and calibrating the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the difference data of the airport to obtain the position coordinate of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

In order to perform real-time monitoring on the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle, the invention also provides a high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring device, as shown in fig. 3, the monitoring device comprises: the high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning device 1 and the civil aviation air traffic control system 2. High altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning system 1 with civil aviation air traffic control system 2 wireless connection.

High altitude unmanned aerial vehicle positioning device 1 is used for acquireing unmanned aerial vehicle's position coordinate, and will the position coordinate send for civil aviation air traffic control system 2. The civil aviation air traffic control system 2 is used for monitoring the unmanned aerial vehicle in real time according to the received position coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

The civil aviation air traffic control system 2 adopts the ATM technology, and the civil aviation air traffic control system 2 can also be called a civil aviation ATM system.

The invention provides a positioning device, a positioning method and a monitoring device of a high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle, which have the following specific working procedures:

erecting an RTK ground station 11 at a reference point of an airport, inputting the reference point information into a GNSS receiver of the RTK ground station 11, and obtaining differential data of the position by the GNSS receiver of the RTK ground station 11 according to the reference point information; the GNSS receiver of the RTK ground station 11 transmits the differential data to the ground data transfer station.

When the ground data radio station sends the obtained differential data to the airborne data radio station 12, the ground data radio station and the unmanned aerial vehicle airborne data radio station 12 need to be set to be at the same frequency.

The airborne data radio station 12 transmits the differential data to the airborne GNSS receiver 13, and the airborne GNSS receiver 13 corrects the positioning result of the airplane by using the differential data according to the real-time position of the airplane at the moment, so as to obtain the accurate positioning of the airplane.

The airborne GNSS receiver 13 transmits the differentiated positioning data to the airborne ADS-B responder 14, at this time, the real-time position of the airplane in the airborne ADS-B responder 14 is the precise positioning after differentiation, and since the ADS-B responder is added with the civil aviation management system 2, the position of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be monitored in real time on the transport airport tower and the airway flight at this time.

Therefore, based on the technical scheme provided by the invention, the method has the following advantages:

1. for an airport tower, the position information of an unmanned aerial vehicle added with ADS-B information can be received in real time in an ATM air traffic control system of the tower so as to monitor the flight dynamics of the unmanned aerial vehicle in real time, ensure the control requirements of the airport tower on the aerial vehicle, and if an emergency occurs, the aerial vehicle is required to avoid or return, and the tower can directly contact with an unmanned aerial vehicle operator to execute a corresponding program.

2. For the air civil aircraft, the position information of the unmanned aerial vehicle added with the ADS-B information can be received in real time in an air management system of the aircraft, the air unmanned aerial vehicle can be identified in time, and the safety of air transportation routes is guaranteed. Once the unmanned plane obstructs the passenger plane transportation, the passenger plane captain notifies the airport tower, and the tower further distributes an emergency avoidance or return command to the unmanned plane operator.

3. The unmanned aerial vehicle can avoid flights in time for operators, and guarantee the safety in the air practically while guaranteeing the safety of the operators.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.