阅读说明：本技术 一种微织构刀具的制备方法及微织构刀具 (Preparation method of micro-texture cutter and micro-texture cutter ) 是由 颜安 陈汪林 江信榕 王成勇 李炳新 于 2019-09-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及刀具加工技术领域,更具体地,涉及一种微织构刀具的制备方法及微织构刀具,包括有以下步骤：S1：将待加工刀具清洗后取出吹干,用飞秒激光器对待加工刀具进行加工；S2：调整飞秒激光器的辅助定位光源,定位待加工刀具的待加工位置,在对待加工刀具进行加工过程中,通过调节待加工刀具的位置,在待加工刀具上加工出微织构阵列结构；S3：将加工好的微织构刀具放入硬质膜镀膜机,在基体表面沉积涂层,制备出带有涂层的微织构刀具；S4：采用压缩气体与润滑剂进行混合气化,形成微米级的液滴,然后喷射到加工区进行润滑。本发明实现微织构涂层刀具的制备,显著提高微织构刀具的切削寿命和切削效果。(The invention relates to the technical field of cutter processing, in particular to a preparation method of a micro-texture cutter and the micro-texture cutter, which comprises the following steps: s1: cleaning a cutter to be processed, taking out the cutter to be processed, drying the cutter, and processing the cutter to be processed by using a femtosecond laser; s2: adjusting an auxiliary positioning light source of a femtosecond laser, positioning a position to be processed of a tool to be processed, and processing a micro-texture array structure on the tool to be processed by adjusting the position of the tool to be processed in the processing process of the tool to be processed; s3: placing the processed micro-texture cutter into a hard film coating machine, and depositing a coating on the surface of a substrate to prepare the micro-texture cutter with the coating; s4: the compressed gas and the lubricant are mixed and gasified to form micron-sized liquid drops, and then the micron-sized liquid drops are sprayed to a processing area for lubrication. The invention realizes the preparation of the micro-texture coating cutter and obviously improves the cutting life and the cutting effect of the micro-texture cutter.)

1. The preparation method of the micro-texture cutter is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1: cleaning a cutter to be processed, taking out the cutter to be processed, drying the cutter, and processing the cutter to be processed by using a femtosecond laser;

s2: adjusting an auxiliary positioning light source of a femtosecond laser, positioning a position to be processed of a tool to be processed, and processing a micro-texture array structure on the tool to be processed by adjusting the position of the tool to be processed in the processing process of the tool to be processed;

s3: and (3) putting the processed micro-texture cutter into a hard film coating machine, and depositing a coating on the surface of the substrate to prepare the micro-texture cutter with the coating.

2. The method for manufacturing a microtextured cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the cutting tool to be processed is placed in an acetone and alcohol solution for ultrasonic cleaning.

3. The method for preparing the microtextured cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the microtexture array structure is 400um to 600um away from the main cutting edge and 0.5mm to 1.2mm away from the cutting edge.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the microtextured array structure is a linear groove oriented perpendicular to the cutting edge.

5. The micro-texture cutter is characterized in that a micro-texture unit is arranged on the cutter, linear protrusions are sequentially arranged on the micro-texture unit, linear grooves are formed between the linear protrusions, the depth of each linear groove is gradually increased, and the micro-texture unit is arranged on the cutter to form a micro-texture structure.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cutter processing, in particular to a preparation method of a micro-texture cutter and the micro-texture cutter.

Background

In recent years, the tribology research field has proposed a concept of surface texture, also called surface microtexture, which has proved to be an effective means for improving the tribology performance of surfaces. The surface texture technology is a method for improving the surface characteristics of a material by changing the physical structure of the surface of the material, and the surface texture is a lattice of patterns such as pits/dents or convex hulls with certain size and arrangement. The micro texture is carved on the tool face of the tool, the mechanical property of the tool is not influenced, the micro texture can store lubricating oil and abrasive dust, the friction coefficient of the front tool face is reduced, the cutting force is reduced by 10-30%, and the wear resistance of the tool and the processing efficiency of products are obviously improved. However, only the micro-texture cutter does not meet the processing requirement, and the micro-texture coating cutter is produced at the same time.

Research shows that the depth of the micro texture is an important factor influencing the performance of the micro texture coating cutter, and the bonding force of the coating can be improved when the micro texture is a micro-nano (shallow) texture, but the influence on the frictional wear performance is small; when the depth of the microtexture is deep, the binding force of the coating cannot be guaranteed, but the friction and wear performance can store lubricant and abrasive dust due to the microtexture, a layer of lubricating film can be formed on the cutter face and the machined surface when the cutter is machined, and the friction and wear performance and the machining quality of the cutter are improved. At present, the difficulty still remains that the microtextured coating cutter simultaneously has good coating binding force and good frictional wear performance.

A gradient structure is a structure that gradually transitions from one component, organization or phase (or constituent element) to another component, organization or phase (or constituent element). The structure not only can effectively avoid performance mutation caused by size mutation, but also can enable the materials to have structures with different characteristic sizes to be mutually coordinated, so that the performances of the structures with different sizes are integrally integrated and optimized, an important development direction is provided for realizing that the microtextured coating cutter has good coating binding force and frictional wear performance comprehensiveness, and the pattern is broken through for changing that the microtextured coating cutter only has single excellent performance.

The micro-lubrication technology (MQL) is a new lubrication method for metal working, and refers to a cutting method in which a compressed gas (air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.) and a very small amount of lubricating oil are mixed and vaporized to form nano-sized droplets, and the nano-sized droplets are sprayed to a working area for effective lubrication. The lubricating mode overcomes the defect of the traditional casting type lubricating, saves energy, protects environment and greatly prolongs the cutting life of the cutter.

Microtexturing is thought to be used in conjunction with coated tools due to its wear reducing, lubricant, abrasive dust, etc. storage. When the cutter is used for cutting, the freshly machined surface of the workpiece is contacted with the surface of the rear cutter, and the rear cutter surface is abraded after mutual friction. Although having a relief angle, the cutting edge is not an ideal sharp edge but has a certain blunt round, with elastic and plastic deformation; thus, the flank faces are in fact in small-area contact with the workpiece, and wear occurs on this contact surface. And during actual machining, fine chips accumulate on the tool surface, causing wear of tool abrasive grains.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of abrasive wear and low cutting life of the cutter in the prior art, and provides a preparation method of a micro-texture cutter and the micro-texture cutter.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a preparation method of a micro-texture cutter comprises the following steps:

s1: cleaning a cutter to be processed, taking out the cutter to be processed, drying the cutter, and processing the cutter to be processed by using a femtosecond laser;

s2: adjusting an auxiliary positioning light source of a femtosecond laser, positioning a position to be processed of a tool to be processed, and processing a micro-texture array structure on the tool to be processed by adjusting the position of the tool to be processed in the processing process of the tool to be processed;

s3: and (3) putting the processed micro-texture cutter into a hard film coating machine, and depositing a coating on the surface of the substrate to prepare the micro-texture cutter with the coating.

In this application scheme, adopt femto second laser instrument to blow dry after wasing and treat the processing cutter and process, through adjusting the processing position of femto second laser instrument on treating the processing cutter, realize the processing of microtexture array structure on the cutter, combine to carry out the operation of base body surface deposition coating on the cutter, the while cooperates the lubrication, finally realizes the preparation of microtexture cutter.

In one embodiment, in step S1, the tool to be processed is placed in an acetone and alcohol solution for ultrasonic cleaning.

In one embodiment, in step S2, the microtexture array structure is 400um to 600um away from the main cutting edge and 0.5mm to 1.2mm away from the cutting edge.

Preferably, the microtextured array structure is a linear groove, the direction of the linear groove is perpendicular to the cutting edge.

The invention provides a micro-texture cutter, wherein a micro-texture unit is arranged on the cutter, the micro-texture unit is provided with linear bulges which are sequentially arranged, linear grooves are arranged between the linear bulges, the depth of the linear grooves is gradually increased, and the micro-texture unit is arranged on the cutter to form a micro-texture structure.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:

the method comprises the steps of adjusting appropriate laser processing parameters by using a femtosecond laser processing technology, controlling a processing area of a micro-texture, preparing a micro-texture array structure on a cutter, and combining a micro-texture and a coating mechanism to realize the preparation of a micro-texture coating cutter on a cutter edge. And the cutting service life and the cutting effect of the micro-texture coating cutter are improved by combining with micro-lubrication.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional structure diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reagent used in the example of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a graph showing changes in the amount of flank wear with cutting time.

Detailed Description

The drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted. The positional relationships depicted in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific circumstances.