阅读说明：本技术 一种可伸缩小型果实收集装置及实现方法 (Telescopic small fruit collecting device and implementation method ) 是由 李君� 黄卓朗 陆华忠 李振伟 谢逢博 袁谋青 程颖 牟剑 于 2019-10-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种可伸缩小型果实收集装置及实现方法,装置包括伸缩机构、平移机构、展开单元及承接装置；所述展开单元包括滑块、支架和多个展架；多个展架安装在固定座前端的滑轨中,并可沿滑轨转动；每个展架内设有第二导向槽,所述滑块安装在展架内部的第二导向槽且能在一定距离内自由平移；相邻展架通过支架与滑块的铰接进行连接,滑块带动支架的移动实现展架的合拢或分开；本发明可直接安装在多种类型的采摘机,克服了大型折展装置存在的不足,同时实现了采收一体化。(The invention discloses a telescopic small fruit collecting device and an implementation method, wherein the device comprises a telescopic mechanism, a translation mechanism, an unfolding unit and a bearing device; the unfolding unit comprises a sliding block, a bracket and a plurality of display racks; the plurality of display racks are arranged in the slide rail at the front end of the fixed seat and can rotate along the slide rail; each display rack is internally provided with a second guide groove, and the sliding block is arranged in the second guide groove in the display rack and can freely translate within a certain distance; the adjacent display frames are connected through the hinge joint of the bracket and the sliding block, and the sliding block drives the bracket to move to realize the folding or the separation of the display frames; the invention can be directly installed on various types of pickers, overcomes the defects of a large folding and unfolding device and realizes the picking integration.)

1. A telescopic small fruit collecting device is characterized by comprising a telescopic mechanism, a translation mechanism, an unfolding unit and a bearing device;

the translation mechanism comprises a fixed seat, a guide rod and a translation driving mechanism, the front end of the fixed seat is provided with a slide rail, two sides of the fixed seat are provided with guide grooves, the guide rod is horizontally arranged in the guide grooves, and the translation driving mechanism is used for driving the guide rod to move;

the telescopic mechanism comprises a bottom plate, a scissor arm and a telescopic driving mechanism, wherein the middle part of the bottom plate is provided with slide rails (11) which are arranged in parallel, the left end of the scissor arm (3) is connected with the detachable bottom plate (4), the end part of the scissor arm is embedded into a groove formed in the slide rail (11) so as to realize translation on the slide rail (11), the right end of the scissor arm (11) is welded with the bottom plate (4) of the translation mechanism, and the telescopic driving mechanism is used for driving the translation mechanism to move forwards or back for a certain distance horizontally;

the unfolding unit comprises a sliding block (9), a bracket (7) and a plurality of display racks (8); the plurality of display racks (8) are arranged in the slide rail at the front end of the fixed seat (5) and can rotate along the slide rail; a second guide groove is formed in each display frame, and the sliding block (9) is installed in the second guide groove in each display frame (8) and can freely translate within a certain distance; the adjacent display frames are connected with the sliding blocks (9) through the hinges of the brackets (7), and the sliding blocks (9) drive the brackets (7) to move to realize the folding or the separation of the display frames (8);

the bearing device (10) is laid on the top surface of each display rack so as to bear fruits.

2. The telescopic small fruit collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the holder (5) is a U-shaped holder.

3. The retractable small fruit collection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein each display rack (8) is composed of two rods with 120 ° included angle and arranged on the same plane, and the display rack located right in front of the fixed base (5) is installed with a magnet, and the unfolding unit is attached after being completely unfolded.

4. A telescopic small fruit collection device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving means (10) is canvas.

5. The retractable small fruit collecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the translation driving mechanism comprises a translation motor and a translation screw rod, the translation screw rod is driven by the translation motor and is arranged perpendicular to the guide rod, the guide rod is sleeved on the translation screw rod, and the translation screw rod is driven to rotate by the forward and reverse rotation of the translation motor so as to push the guide rod to move forward or backward for a certain distance.

6. The retractable small fruit collecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the retractable driving mechanism comprises a retractable motor and a retractable lead screw, the retractable lead screw is driven by the retractable motor, and the guide rod moves in the slide rail (11) to drive the scissor arms to open or close.

7. The telescopic small fruit collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that said slider (9) is embedded in a concave groove made inside the display rack (8) and is limited to move inside the groove; the horizontal tail end of the display rack (8) is embedded with an arc groove arranged at the arc tail end of the fixed seat (5); the bracket (7) is hinged with the adjacent sliding block (9) and is horizontally placed between the adjacent display frames (8); when the device is folded, the sliding block (9) moves towards the horizontal tail end of the display rack (8), and the support (7) is close to and attached to the display rack (8); when the device is unfolded, the sliding block (9) is far away from the horizontal tail end of the display rack (8), and the bracket (7) and the display rack (8) form an included angle of 90 degrees.

8. The telescopic small fruit collecting device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the number of said sliding blocks (9), said supporting frames (7) and said display frames (8) is 6.

9. Method for realising a retractable small fruit collecting device according to any of the claims 1-8, characterised in that it comprises the following steps:

the fruit collecting device is fixed through the bottom plate, a telescopic motor in the telescopic mechanism rotates positively to drive a telescopic screw rod to rotate clockwise so as to drive a guide rod to translate to the middle position of the bottom plate, two scissors forks are simultaneously driven to fold, the scissors fork arms extend outwards to push the fixing base to an area to be picked, sliding grooves are formed in the fixing base and the display rack, and the sliding blocks are hinged with the support and limited to move in the sliding grooves;

one end of the scissor arm translates on a sliding rail fixed in the middle of the bottom plate, the other end of the scissor arm is connected with the bottom plate of the translation mechanism, the guide rod is in threaded connection with scissor forks at two ends of the left side of the scissor arm in the sliding rail, the driving mechanism is the same as the driving mechanism in the translation mechanism, and the guide rod moves in the sliding rail through the driving of the motor so as to drive the scissor arms to open or close; thereby realizing that the translation mechanism moves forwards or backwards for a certain distance horizontally.

10. The method for realizing the retractable small fruit collection device according to claim 9, wherein the slider (9) comprises a first slider (901), a second slider (902), a third slider (903), a fourth slider (904), a fifth slider (905) and a sixth slider (906); the support (7) comprises a first support (701), a second support (702), a third support (703), a fourth support (704), a fifth support (705) and a sixth support (706); the display rack (8) comprises a first display rack (801), a second display rack (802), a third display rack (803), a fourth display rack (804), a fifth display rack (805) and a sixth display rack (806);

the telescopic motor (2) rotates forward to drive the telescopic lead screw (1) to rotate, so that the guide rod (6) is driven to move forward, and the first sliding block (901) drives the first support (701) and the sixth support (706) to respectively expand towards two sides; the first sliding block (901) and the sixth sliding block (906) respectively slide outwards until the support (701) is perpendicular to the first display rack (801), the sixth support (706) is perpendicular to the first display rack (801), and at the moment, the first display rack (801) and the sixth display rack (806) are completely unfolded; simultaneously, the second support (702) and the fifth support (705) are driven to slide inwards to be perpendicular to the second display rack (802) and the fifth display rack (805), the second display rack (802) and the fifth display rack (805) are unfolded outwards, the third sliding block (903) and the fourth sliding block (904) slide inwards to be perpendicular to the third support (703) and the fourth support (704) are perpendicular to the third display rack (803) and the fourth display rack (804), the third display rack (803) and the fourth display rack (804) are attached through magnetic force, and the device is completely unfolded at the moment;

the telescopic motor (2) reversely rotates to drive the telescopic lead screw (1) to rotate, so that the guide rod (6) is driven to move backwards, the first sliding block (901) pulls the first support (701) and the sixth support (706) to be folded towards two sides respectively, the first sliding block (901) and the sixth sliding block (906) slide inwards respectively until the first support (701) is close to and attached to the first display rack (801), the sixth support (706) is close to and attached to the first display rack (801), and at the moment, the first display rack (801) and the sixth display rack (806) are folded; simultaneously, the second bracket (702) and the fifth bracket (705) are driven to slide outwards until the brackets are respectively close to and attached to the second display rack (802) and the fifth display rack (805), and the second display rack (802) and the fifth display rack (805) are folded inwards; slider three (903), slider four (904) outwards slide to support three (703), support four (704) respectively with exhibition frame three (803), exhibition frame four (804) are close the laminating, simultaneously exhibition frame three (803), exhibition frame four (804) separation, thereby telescopic motor (2) among the telescopic machanism reversal drive telescopic screw rod (1) anticlockwise rotation drives guide bar (6) to the tip translation of bottom plate, it opens to drive two scissors forks simultaneously, scissors fork arm (3) adduction is drawn fixing base (5) to initial position, the device draws in completely this moment.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a telescopic small fruit collecting device and an implementation method.

Background

Currently fruit harvesting generally takes the form of tree body vibration or branch shearing to separate the fruit from the tree body, and a collection device matched with a small-sized picking machine is lacked. Most of the current fruit collection methods are that screen cloth is laid in an area where fruits fall before picking, and then manual picking is carried out after picking is finished, or an umbrella-shaped collection device with a large area is unfolded around a trunk and then the fruits on a tree are knocked off manually. The collecting mode is high in labor intensity, low in efficiency and easy to damage fruits.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a telescopic small fruit collecting device and an implementation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a telescopic small fruit collecting device comprises a telescopic mechanism, a translation mechanism, an unfolding unit and a bearing device;

the translation mechanism comprises a fixed seat, a guide rod and a translation driving mechanism, the front end of the fixed seat is provided with a slide rail, two sides of the fixed seat are provided with guide grooves, the guide rod is horizontally arranged in the guide grooves, and the translation driving mechanism is used for driving the guide rod to move;

the telescopic mechanism comprises a bottom plate, a scissor arm and a telescopic driving mechanism, wherein slide rails which are arranged in parallel are arranged in the middle of the bottom plate, the left end of the scissor arm is connected with the detachable bottom plate, the end part of the scissor arm is embedded into a groove formed in the slide rails, so that translation on the slide rails is realized, the right end of the scissor arm is welded with the bottom plate of the translation mechanism, and the telescopic driving mechanism is used for driving the translation mechanism to horizontally move forwards or retreat for a certain distance;

the unfolding unit comprises a sliding block, a bracket and a plurality of display racks; the plurality of display racks are arranged in the slide rail at the front end of the fixed seat and can rotate along the slide rail; each display rack is internally provided with a second guide groove, and the sliding block is arranged in the second guide groove in the display rack and can freely translate within a certain distance; the adjacent display frames are connected through the hinge joint of the bracket and the sliding block, and the sliding block drives the bracket to move to realize the folding or the separation of the display frames;

the bearing device is paved on the top surface of each display rack so as to bear the fruits.

As a preferred technical scheme, the fixing seat is a U-shaped fixing seat.

As preferred technical scheme, every exhibition frame comprises two contained angles for 120 just at the member bar of coplanar arrangement, and is located the exhibition frame in the fixing base dead ahead and installs magnet, the unit that expandes is laminated after expandeing completely.

Preferably, the receiving device is a canvas.

According to a preferable technical scheme, the translation driving mechanism comprises a translation motor and a translation lead screw, the translation lead screw is driven by the translation motor and is arranged perpendicular to the guide rod, the guide rod is sleeved on the translation lead screw, and the translation lead screw is driven to rotate through forward and reverse rotation of the translation motor so as to push the guide rod to move forwards or retreat for a certain distance.

As a preferred technical scheme, the telescopic driving mechanism comprises a telescopic motor and a telescopic screw rod, the telescopic screw rod is driven by the telescopic motor, and the guide rod moves in the slide rail so as to drive the scissor arms to open or close.

As a preferable technical scheme, the sliding block is embedded in a concave groove formed in the display frame and is limited to move in the groove; the horizontal tail end of the display rack is embedded with an arc groove arranged at the arc tail end of the fixed seat; the bracket is hinged with the adjacent sliding block and horizontally placed between the adjacent display racks; when the device is folded, the sliding block moves to the horizontal tail end of the display rack, and the support is close to be attached to the display rack; when the device is unfolded, the sliding block is far away from the horizontal tail end of the display rack, and the bracket and the display rack form an included angle of 90 degrees at the moment.

As the preferred technical scheme, the number of the sliding blocks, the brackets and the display rack is 6.

A method for realizing a telescopic small fruit collecting device comprises the following steps:

the fruit collecting device is fixed through the bottom plate, a telescopic motor in the telescopic mechanism rotates positively to drive a telescopic screw rod to rotate clockwise so as to drive a guide rod to translate to the middle position of the bottom plate, two scissors forks are simultaneously driven to fold, the scissors fork arms extend outwards to push the fixing base to an area to be picked, sliding grooves are formed in the fixing base and the display rack, and the sliding blocks are hinged with the support and limited to move in the sliding grooves;

one end of the scissor arm translates on a sliding rail fixed in the middle of the bottom plate, the other end of the scissor arm is connected with the bottom plate of the translation mechanism, the guide rod is in threaded connection with scissor forks at two ends of the left side of the scissor arm in the sliding rail, the driving mechanism is the same as the driving mechanism in the translation mechanism, and the guide rod moves in the sliding rail through the driving of the motor so as to drive the scissor arms to open or close; thereby realizing that the translation mechanism moves forwards or backwards for a certain distance horizontally.

As a preferred technical scheme, the sliding block comprises a first sliding block, a second sliding block, a third sliding block, a fourth sliding block, a fifth sliding block and a sixth sliding block; the bracket comprises a bracket I, a bracket II, a bracket III, a bracket IV, a bracket V and a bracket VI; the display rack comprises a first display rack, a second display rack, a third display rack, a fourth display rack, a fifth display rack and a sixth display rack;

the first sliding block drives the first support and the sixth support to respectively expand towards two sides; the first sliding block and the sixth sliding block respectively slide outwards until the first bracket is vertical to the first display rack and the sixth bracket is vertical to the first display rack, and at the moment, the first display rack and the sixth display rack are completely unfolded; simultaneously, the second support and the fifth support are driven to slide inwards to be perpendicular to the second display rack and the fifth display rack respectively, the second display rack and the fifth display rack are unfolded outwards, the third slide block and the fourth slide block slide inwards to the third support and the fourth support are perpendicular to the third display rack and the fourth display rack respectively, and meanwhile, the third display rack and the fourth display rack are attached through magnetic force, and the device is completely unfolded at the moment;

the telescopic motor drives the telescopic lead screw to rotate in a reverse rotation mode, so that the guide rod is driven to move backwards, the first sliding block pulls the first support and the sixth support to be folded towards two sides respectively, the first sliding block and the sixth sliding block slide inwards respectively until the first support is close to be attached to the first display frame and the sixth support is close to be attached to the first display frame, and at the moment, the first display frame and the sixth display frame are folded; simultaneously, the second bracket and the fifth bracket are driven to slide outwards until the brackets are respectively close to and attached to the second display rack and the fifth display rack, and the second display rack and the fifth display rack are folded inwards; the third sliding block and the fourth sliding block slide outwards to the third support and the fourth support to be close to the third display frame and the fourth display frame respectively, the third display frame and the fourth display frame are separated simultaneously, a telescopic motor in the telescopic mechanism drives the telescopic lead screw to rotate anticlockwise so as to drive the guide rod to translate towards the end part of the bottom plate, the two scissor forks are driven to open simultaneously, the scissor fork arms are retracted to pull the fixing base to the initial position, and the device is completely folded at the moment.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. the picking device can be fixed at a proper position below the picking device through the fixing plate according to the specific position of the picking device on the machine, so that good matching of picking and collecting is ensured to the maximum extent.

2. According to the fruit collecting device, the fruits are accurately collected and reliably centralized through the telescopic mechanism, the translation mechanism and the inverted umbrella-shaped receiving device, and the fruit collecting device is simple in overall structure, reliable in function and easy to realize; in addition, the collecting ring formed by matching with the canvas reduces the leaks as much as possible so as to avoid unnecessary missed picking or damage of the fruits, solves the problems of complex collecting and releasing, complex picking preparation work and the like, and greatly improves the fruit collecting rate and the fruit quality.

3. The telescopic mechanism consists of a motor, a screw rod, a guide rod and a shear fork, and can ensure that the position of the bearing device is stably and reliably adjusted; meanwhile, the fruit can be finely adjusted according to different fruit distributions, and the fruits are ensured to fall into the fruit box accurately.

4. According to the invention, two sides of the folding and unfolding framework of the bearing device are supported by the bracket, so that the strength and the bearing capacity of the bearing device are improved; meanwhile, the round hole is formed in the middle, so that fruits can fall into the detachable collecting box below conveniently, the phenomenon that the collecting device is stressed too much is avoided, and the efficiency is improved while picking and collecting are realized; the exhibition frame occupies less space after being folded, is convenient to use and reduces the labor intensity.

5. The invention is matched with different types of picking machines, overcomes the defects that a large folding and unfolding device is inconvenient to fold and unfold and is not suitable for being used in complex terrains, and simultaneously overcomes the defect that a collecting device on a small-sized harvesting machine cannot be adjusted according to a picking mechanism.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the working state of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the folded state structure of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the telescopic mechanism of the present invention.

The reference numbers illustrate: 1-telescopic screw rod, 2-telescopic motor, 3-scissor arm, 4-bottom plate, 5-fixed seat, 6-guide rod, 7-support, 701-support I, 702-support II, 703-support III, 704-support IV, 705-support V, 706-support VI, 8-display rack, 801-display rack I, 802-display rack II, 803-display rack III, 804-display rack IV, 805-display rack V, 806-display rack VI, 9-slide block, 901-slide block I, 902-slide block II, 903-slide block III, 904-slide block IV, 905-slide block V, 906-slide block VI, 10-bearing device and 11-slide rail.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.