阅读说明：本技术 一种免维护铅酸蓄电池及制备方法 (Maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery and preparation method thereof ) 是由 欧阳万忠 王强民 庞明朵 赵兴强 于 2019-09-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种免维护铅酸蓄电池及制备方法,所述免维护铅酸蓄电池由正极板、负极板、隔板、蓄电池壳体和功能电解液组合而成,所述负极板由负极铅膏和负极板栅制作而成；所述负极铅膏由质量比为100：0.034～0.048：0.028～0.044：8～10：8～10的铅粉、乙酰甲壳素、硅酸铝镁、去离子水和稀硫酸混合而成,所述功能电解液包括以下原料：电解液基液、硬脂酰乳酸钠、超微细二氧化钛、腐殖酸钠、木质素、硫酸钠。本发明提出的免维护铅酸蓄电池,维修频率低、人力物力消耗少、自放电少、使用寿命长,且制备过程简单,易于工业化生产。(The invention discloses a maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery and a preparation method thereof, wherein the maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery is formed by combining a positive plate, a negative plate, a partition plate, a storage battery shell and functional electrolyte, and the negative plate is made of negative lead paste and a negative plate grid; the negative pole lead plaster comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 100: 0.034-0.048: 0.028 to 0.044: 8-10: 8-10 parts of lead powder, acetyl chitin, aluminum magnesium silicate, deionized water and dilute sulfuric acid, wherein the functional electrolyte comprises the following raw materials: electrolyte base liquid, sodium stearyl lactate, ultrafine titanium dioxide, sodium humate, lignin and sodium sulfate. The maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery provided by the invention has the advantages of low maintenance frequency, low manpower and material resource consumption, low self-discharge, long service life, simple preparation process and easiness in industrial production.)

1. A maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery is characterized by comprising a positive plate, a negative plate, a partition plate, a storage battery shell and functional electrolyte, wherein the negative plate is made of negative lead paste and a negative plate grid; the negative pole lead plaster comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 100: 0.034-0.048: 0.028 to 0.044: 8-10: 8-10 parts of lead powder, acetyl chitin, aluminum magnesium silicate, deionized water and dilute sulfuric acid, wherein the functional electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-100 parts of electrolyte base liquid, 0.03-0.06 part of sodium stearyl lactate, 2.5-3.5 parts of ultrafine titanium dioxide, 0.5-0.9 part of sodium humate, 0.3-0.8 part of lignin and 0.1-0.3 part of sodium sulfate.

2. The maintenance-free lead-acid battery of claim 1, wherein the density of the dilute sulfuric acid at 25 ℃ is 1.3-1.5 g/cm³。

3. The maintenance-free lead-acid battery of claim 1, wherein the negative lead paste is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 100: 0.042: 0.034: 9: 9, acetyl chitin, magnesium aluminum silicate, deionized water and dilute sulfuric acid.

4. The maintenance-free lead-acid battery of claim 1, wherein the functional electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95 parts of electrolyte base liquid, 0.04 part of sodium stearoyl lactate, 3 parts of ultrafine titanium dioxide, 0.7 part of sodium humate, 0.5 part of lignin and 0.2 part of sodium sulfate.

5. The lead-acid battery as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein the electrolyte base solution is prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and distilled water to have a sulfuric acid density of 1.28g/cm³The solution of (1).

6. The preparation method of the maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, preparation of a negative plate: according to the mass ratio of 100: 0.034-0.048: 0.028-0.044, 8-10: 8-10 weighing lead powder, acetyl chitin, aluminum magnesium silicate, deionized water and dilute sulfuric acid respectively for later use; uniformly grinding acetyl chitin and aluminum magnesium silicate, adding a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and mixing at 40-45 ℃ for 10-20 min, decompressing, concentrating and recovering the ethyl alcohol, cooling to room temperature to obtain a lead plaster auxiliary material, adding the lead plaster auxiliary material, lead powder and deionized water into a plaster machine, mixing for 10-15 min to obtain a wet material, adding dilute sulfuric acid into the plaster machine, uniformly stirring to obtain a negative lead plaster, coating the negative lead plaster on a negative grid, and curing and drying to obtain a negative plate;

s2, preparation of functional electrolyte: respectively weighing 90-100 parts by weight of electrolyte base liquid, 0.03-0.06 part by weight of sodium stearyl lactate, 2.5-3.5 parts by weight of ultrafine titanium dioxide, 0.5-0.9 part by weight of sodium humate, 0.3-0.8 part by weight of lignin and 0.1-0.3 part by weight of sodium sulfate, then adding the sodium sulfate into the electrolyte base liquid, uniformly mixing, then adding the sodium stearyl lactate, the sodium humate and the lignin, continuously mixing until the mixture is uniform, heating to 50-55 ℃, adding the ultrafine titanium dioxide, ultrasonically dispersing for 30min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the functional electrolyte;

s3, assembling: and (5) carrying out formation, assembly and encapsulation procedures on the positive plate and the negative plate obtained in the step S1 to obtain the maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein in step S1, the coating amount of negative lead paste on each negative grid is 125 g.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of lead-acid storage batteries, in particular to a maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The lead-acid storage battery has the advantages of good reversibility, stable voltage characteristic, capability of discharging large current, low production cost, wide application range and the like, is widely applied to the fields of transportation, communication, electric power, railways, mines, ports, national defense, computers, scientific research and the like, and is one of important products in social production and operation activities and human life. The conventional forms comprise an open lead-acid storage battery and a maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery, wherein the open lead-acid storage battery and the maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery have the disadvantages of high daily maintenance difficulty, high manpower and material consumption, high self-discharge rate, short storage period after charging, large volume and unattractive appearance, so the open lead-acid storage battery and the maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery are gradually replaced by the maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery. However, the process of the existing maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery is not mature enough, and the service life of most maintenance-free lead-acid storage batteries is short. Based on the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery and a preparation method thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of high maintenance frequency, high manpower and material resource consumption, serious self-discharge, short storage period, large volume, unattractive appearance and short service life of the maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery in the prior open type lead-acid storage battery, and provides a maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery and a preparation method thereof.

A maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery is composed of a positive plate, a negative plate, a partition plate, a storage battery shell and functional electrolyte, wherein the negative plate is made of negative lead paste and a negative plate grid; the negative pole lead plaster comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 100: 0.034-0.048: 0.028 to 0.044: 8-10: 8-10 parts of lead powder, acetyl chitin, aluminum magnesium silicate, deionized water and dilute sulfuric acid, wherein the functional electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-100 parts of electrolyte base liquid, 0.03-0.06 part of sodium stearyl lactate, 2.5-3.5 parts of ultrafine titanium dioxide, 0.5-0.9 part of sodium humate, 0.3-0.8 part of lignin and 0.1-0.3 part of sodium sulfate.

Preferably, the density of the dilute sulfuric acid at 25 ℃ is 1.3-1.5 g/cm³。

Preferably, the mass ratio of the negative electrode lead is 100: 0.042: 0.034: 9: 9, acetyl chitin, magnesium aluminum silicate, deionized water and dilute sulfuric acid.

Preferably, the functional electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95 parts of electrolyte base liquid, 0.04 part of sodium stearoyl lactate, 3 parts of ultrafine titanium dioxide, 0.7 part of sodium humate, 0.5 part of lignin and 0.2 part of sodium sulfate.

Preferably, the electrolyte base solution is prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and distilled water, and the density of the sulfuric acid is 1.28g/cm³The solution of (1).

The invention also provides a preparation method of the maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, preparation of a negative plate: according to the mass ratio of 100: 0.034-0.048: 0.028-0.044, 8-10: 8-10 weighing lead powder, acetyl chitin, aluminum magnesium silicate, deionized water and dilute sulfuric acid respectively for later use; uniformly grinding acetyl chitin and aluminum magnesium silicate, adding a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and mixing at 40-45 ℃ for 10-20 min, decompressing, concentrating and recovering the ethyl alcohol, cooling to room temperature to obtain a lead plaster auxiliary material, adding the lead plaster auxiliary material, lead powder and deionized water into a plaster machine, mixing for 10-15 min to obtain a wet material, adding dilute sulfuric acid into the plaster machine, uniformly stirring to obtain a negative lead plaster, coating the negative lead plaster on a negative grid, and curing and drying to obtain a negative plate;

s2, preparation of functional electrolyte: respectively weighing 90-100 parts by weight of electrolyte base liquid, 0.03-0.06 part by weight of sodium stearyl lactate, 2.5-3.5 parts by weight of ultrafine titanium dioxide, 0.5-0.9 part by weight of sodium humate, 0.3-0.8 part by weight of lignin and 0.1-0.3 part by weight of sodium sulfate, then adding the sodium sulfate into the electrolyte base liquid, uniformly mixing, then adding the sodium stearyl lactate, the sodium humate and the lignin, continuously mixing until the mixture is uniform, heating to 50-55 ℃, adding the ultrafine titanium dioxide, ultrasonically dispersing for 30min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the functional electrolyte;

s3, assembling: and (5) carrying out formation, assembly and encapsulation procedures on the positive plate and the negative plate obtained in the step S1 to obtain the maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery.

Preferably, in step S1, the coating amount of the negative lead paste on each negative grid is 125 g.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery provided by the invention is formed by combining the positive plate, the negative plate, the partition plate, the storage battery shell and the functional electrolyte, the preparation process is simple, the cost is lower, the service life of the obtained maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery is long, the size is small, and the maintenance-free purpose is really achieved.

2. The negative plate used in the maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery is specially prepared, negative lead paste is prepared from raw materials with reasonable proportion, the negative lead paste is solidified and dried on a negative plate grid to obtain the negative plate of the maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery with excellent performance, and the purpose of obviously improving the capacity of the lead-acid storage battery is achieved through the matching of the negative plate and the positive plate.

3. The functional electrolyte used in the maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery provided by the invention consists of electrolyte base liquid, sodium stearyl lactate, ultrafine titanium dioxide, sodium humate, lignin and sodium sulfate, wherein the ultrafine titanium dioxide is added under the ultrasonic condition after other raw materials except the ultrafine titanium dioxide are uniformly mixed to obtain the functional electrolyte; the prepared functional electrolyte can assist the positive plate and the negative plate, the service life of the lead-acid storage battery is prolonged, the service life of the electrolyte base solution can be prolonged by compositely using the sodium stearyl lactate, the ultrafine titanium dioxide and the lignin in the functional electrolyte, the service life of the lead-acid storage battery is further prolonged, and the sodium sulfate can be assisted to effectively avoid the phenomenon of lead sulfate crystallization.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.