阅读说明：本技术 一种三文鱼的生姜精油保鲜溶液和三文鱼的保鲜方法 (A kind of ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution of salmon and the preservation method of salmon ) 是由 王向红 桑亚新 鹿浩志 张雪娇 米思 于 2019-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种三文鱼的生姜精油保鲜溶液和三文鱼的保鲜方法,包括以下质量百分比的各组分：生姜精油3％～5％,酪蛋白酸钠1％～5％,增塑剂0.1％～1.0％,乳化剂0.01％～0.1％,其余为水。本发明三文鱼的保鲜方法,包括：(1)将新鲜的三文鱼段切割成大小均匀的三文鱼片；(2)将上述生姜精油保鲜溶液浸泡或涂抹三文鱼片,晾干。本发明的生姜精油保鲜溶液对三文鱼贮藏具有明显的保鲜作用,可显著延缓三文鱼口感和风味的变化,延缓三文鱼硬度和色泽变化,抑制脂质过氧化值、挥发性盐基氮值和菌落总数的增长,从而延长保鲜期,而且方法简便,取材易得,成本较低,容易推广。(The invention discloses a kind of ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution of salmon and the preservation methods of salmon, each component including following mass percent: ginger essential oil 3%~5%, casein sodium 1%~5%, plasticizer 0.1%~1.0%, emulsifier 0.01%~0.1%, remaining is water.The preservation method of salmon of the present invention, comprising: (1) fresh salmon section is cut into salmon piece of uniform size；(2) above-mentioned ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution is impregnated to or smeared salmon piece, is dried.Ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution of the invention has apparent preservation to salmon storage, the variation of salmon taste and flavor can significantly be delayed, salmon hardness and color is delayed to change, the growth of anti-lipid peroxidation value, Volatile Base Nitrogen value and total plate count, to prolong storage period, and method is easy, and materials are easy to get, cost is relatively low, is easy to promote.)

1. a kind of ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution of salmon, which is characterized in that each component including following mass percent:

Ginger essential oil 3%~5%, casein sodium 1%~5%, plasticizer 0.1%~1.0%, emulsifier 0.01%~ 0.1%, remaining is water.

2. ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ginger essential oil includes following quality Each ingredient of percentage: terpenoid substance 80%~83%, alcohols material 8.25%~9.5%, aldehyde material 7.5%~ 8.5%, letones 0.8%~1.0%, Ester 0.4%~0.9% and alkanes substance 0.05%~0.10%.

3. ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the terpenoid substance include below at Point:

Left-handed-australene, amphene, left-handed-nopinene, laurene, dextrorotation limonene, β-phellandrene, terpinolene, (E) -4,8- Dimethyl -1,3,7,-triolefin, α-common perilla alkene, perillene, α-cubebene, δ-elemene, ring sativene, α-copaene, β - Copaene, bicyclic [3.1.0] the hex- 2- alkene of (1S, 5S) -2- methyl -5- ((R) -6- methyl hept- 5- alkene -2- base), trans- bergamot Alkene, 1- carypohyllene, left-handed-α-gurjunene, γ-elemene, aromadendrene, (Z)-β-farnesene, 1- methyl -4- (6- methyl hept- 5- Alkene -2- base) hexamethylene -1,4- diene, dextrorotation germacrene, α-zingiberene, β-bisabolene, (R) -1- methyl -4- (6- methyl Hept- 5- alkene -2- base) hexamethylene -1,4- diene, cis- Wooden roller -4 (15), 5- diene, α-farnesene, β-sesquiphellandrene, α-ginger Yellow alkene, nerol or the cis- sesquialter sabinene hydrate of 7-.

4. ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the alcohols material include below at Point:

2- nonyl alcohol, linalool, 4- terpenol, terpineol, 2- borneol, citronellol, nerol, geraniol, (1S, 2R, 5R) -2- first Bicyclic [3.1.0] hexane -2- alcohol of base -5- ((R) -6- methyl hept- 5- alkene -2- base), trans--nerolidol, elemol, zingiberol or Sagittol.

5. ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the aldehyde material include below at Point:

Dextrorotation citronellal, myrte, geranial or citral；

The letones include following component:

Gum camphor, methyl heptenone, methyl n-heptyl ketone or methyl nonyl ketone；

The Ester includes left-handed borneolacetate；

The alkanes substance includes the cis- sesquialter sabinene hydrate of 7-.

6. ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the plasticizer is selected from glycerol, the third two At least one of alcohol, mannitol, sorbic acid, sucrose and polyethylene glycol；

The emulsifier in Tween-80, Arlacel-80, glycerin monostearate, soybean lecithin and sucrose fatty ester extremely Few one kind.

7. a kind of preparation method of ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that including Following steps:

(1) ginger essential oil lotion is prepared

Ginger essential oil is added in emulsifier solution, the thick lotion of ginger essential oil is made in homogeneous；

The thick lotion of ginger essential oil is ultrasonically treated, ginger essential oil ultrasound lotion is made；

(2) ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution is prepared

Casein sodium is soluble in water, and na caseinate solution is made in homogeneous；

Plasticizer and ginger essential oil ultrasound lotion are added in na caseinate solution, ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution is made.

8. the preparation method of ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in step (1), institute The mass concentration for stating emulsifier solution is 0.05%~0.15%；

The condition of the homogeneous are as follows: homogeneous 3min~7min under the revolving speed of 8000rpm~12000rpm；

The time of the ultrasonic treatment is 3min~7min, and controls the temperature difference of ultrasonic treatment front and back less than 10 DEG C.

9. the preparation method of ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in step (2), institute State the condition of homogeneous are as follows: homogeneous 15min~30min under the revolving speed of 8000rpm~12000rpm.

10. a kind of preservation method of salmon, which comprises the following steps:

(1) fresh salmon section is cut into salmon piece of uniform size；

(2) ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 is impregnated to or smeared salmon piece, is dried.

Technical field

The present invention relates to the fresh-keeping applied technical fields of bioactive functions substance, particularly relate to a kind of ginger extract of salmon The preservation method of oily fresh-keeping solution and salmon.

Background technique

Salmon is a kind of river of tracing back for being widely distributed in high nothern latitudes that Osteichthyes salmon shape mesh salmonidae salmon belongs to Migratory cold water fish is known as " emperor in ice sea ", is one of world-renowned tuna fisheries, delicious meat, nutritive value It is abundant, it is loved by consumers, but because of the features such as its water content is higher, musculature is fragile, makes its processing after fishing, fortune Defeated and sale etc. in intermediate links vulnerable to enzyme and microorganism and oxygen effect and cause microbial growth and lipoxidase It loses and the putrid and deteriorated situations such as breaks down proteins occurs, therefore dining table mistake of the salmon from the offshore fishing grounds of fishing to consumer It is needed in journey using the preservation by low temperature measure of high requirement to prevent the putrid and deteriorated of salmon and extend the shelf life of salmon. The fresh-keeping measure of high requirement increases the storage transportation cost of salmon, the price of increased salmon, therefore to salmon The anti-rot and fresh-keeping method research for carrying out lower cost has great importance.

Physical fresh-keeping, fresh chemically and biological preservation are concentrated mainly on to the research of salmon preservation and freshness both at home and abroad at present Three categories.Physical fresh-keeping method low temperature increased the cost of storage, therefore need to combine other preservation methods also to reach three texts Fish is fresh-keeping and saves the purpose of the cost of storage；Though fresh chemically fresh-keeping effect is good, chemical substance is likely to result in food In residual；Biological way of keeping fresh is extracted from plant or animal as a kind of novel preservation technology, preservation liquid, has peace The advantages of Atoxic, application prospect are extensive.

Summary of the invention

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solutions of salmon With the preservation method of salmon, fresh-keeping, of good preservation effect, freshness date is carried out to salmon using ginger fresh-keeping solution of the invention Long, preservation method is easy.

Based on above-mentioned purpose, a kind of ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution of salmon provided by the invention, including following quality hundred Divide each component of ratio:

Ginger essential oil 3%~5%, casein sodium 1%~5%, plasticizer 0.1%~1.0%, emulsifier 0.01%~ 0.1%, remaining is water.

In some embodiments of the invention, the ginger essential oil includes each ingredient of following mass percent: terpenes Substance 80%~83%, alcohols material 8.25%~9.5%, aldehyde material 7.5%~8.5%, letones 0.8%~ 1.0%, Ester 0.4%~0.9% and alkanes substance 0.05%~0.10%.

In some embodiments of the invention, the terpenoid substance includes following component:

Left-handed-australene, amphene, left-handed-nopinene, laurene, dextrorotation limonene, β-phellandrene, terpinolene, (E)- 4,8- dimethyl -1,3,7,-triolefin, α-common perilla alkene, perillene, α-cubebene, δ-elemene, ring sativene, α-Cuba Alkene, β-copaene, bicyclic [3.1.0] the hex- 2- alkene of (1S, 5S) -2- methyl -5- ((R) -6- methyl hept- 5- alkene -2- base), trans- perfume (or spice) Limonene, 1- carypohyllene, left-handed-α-gurjunene, γ-elemene, aromadendrene, (Z)-β-farnesene, 1- methyl -4- (6- methyl Hept- 5- alkene -2- base) hexamethylene -1,4- diene, dextrorotation germacrene, α-zingiberene, β-bisabolene, (R) -1- methyl -4- (6- Methyl hept- 5- alkene -2- base) hexamethylene -1,4- diene, cis- Wooden roller -4 (15), 5- diene, α-farnesene, β-sesquiphellandrene, α-curcumene, nerol or the cis- sesquialter sabinene hydrate of 7-.

In some embodiments of the invention, the alcohols material includes following component:

2- nonyl alcohol, linalool, 4- terpenol, terpineol, 2- borneol, citronellol, nerol, geraniol, (1S, 2R, 5R)- Bicyclic [3.1.0] hexane -2- alcohol of 2- methyl -5- ((R) -6- methyl hept- 5- alkene -2- base), trans--nerolidol, elemol, ginger Alcohol or sagittol.

In some embodiments of the invention, the aldehyde material includes following component:

Dextrorotation citronellal, myrte, geranial or citral；

The letones include following component:

Gum camphor, methyl heptenone, methyl n-heptyl ketone or methyl nonyl ketone；

The Ester includes left-handed borneolacetate；

The alkanes substance includes the cis- sesquialter sabinene hydrate of 7-.

In some embodiments of the invention, the plasticizer be selected from glycerol, propylene glycol, mannitol, sorbic acid, sucrose and At least one of polyethylene glycol；

The emulsifier is in Tween-80, Arlacel-80, glycerin monostearate, soybean lecithin and sucrose fatty ester At least one.

Based on identical inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution, Include the following steps:

(1) ginger essential oil lotion is prepared

Ginger essential oil is added in emulsifier solution, the thick lotion of ginger essential oil is made in homogeneous；

The thick lotion of ginger essential oil is ultrasonically treated, ginger essential oil ultrasound lotion is made；

(2) ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution is prepared

Casein sodium is soluble in water, and na caseinate solution is made in homogeneous；

Plasticizer and ginger essential oil ultrasound lotion are added in na caseinate solution, ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution is made.

In some embodiments of the invention, in step (1), the mass concentration of the emulsifier solution is 0.05%~ 0.15%；

The condition of the homogeneous are as follows: homogeneous 3min~7min under the revolving speed of 8000rpm~12000rpm；

The time of the ultrasonic treatment is 3min~7min, and controls the temperature difference of ultrasonic treatment front and back less than 10 DEG C.

In some embodiments of the invention, in step (2), the condition of the homogeneous are as follows: 8000rpm~ Homogeneous 15min~30min under the revolving speed of 12000rpm.

Based on identical inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of preservation methods of salmon, comprising the following steps:

(1) fresh salmon section is cut into salmon piece of uniform size；

(2) above-mentioned ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution is impregnated to or smeared salmon piece, is dried.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

It is fresh-keeping molten that the present invention uses ginger essential oil combination casein sodium, plasticizer, emulsifier and water to prepare ginger essential oil Liquid provides good method for salmon is fresh-keeping, has widened the application range of ginger essential oil, impregnated or smeared by salmon Ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution extends the freshness date of salmon.Ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution of the invention has salmon storage Apparent preservation can significantly delay the variation of salmon taste and flavor, delay salmon hardness and color to change, inhibit The growth of lipid peroxidation value, Volatile Base Nitrogen value and total plate count, thus prolong storage period, and method is easy, materials It is easy to get, cost is relatively low, is easy to promote.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is that the GC-MS volatile component chromatography of ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution flows out figure；

Fig. 2 is firmness change tendency chart of the salmon in storage period；

Fig. 3 is color trend chart of the salmon in storage period；

Fig. 4 is TBARS value trend chart of the salmon in storage period；

Fig. 5 is TVB-N value trend chart of the salmon in storage period；

Fig. 6 is total plate count trend chart of the salmon in storage period.

Specific embodiment

To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference Attached drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.

Ginger essential oil is a kind of pale yellow transparent oily rich in strong ginger characteristic flavor compounds extracted from ginger Liquid, the present inventor analyze the volatile component of the ginger essential oil using steam distillation self-carry, reflect altogether 56 kinds of volatile components are made, rich in all aroma volatiles of ginger, sense organ is good；In the 56 kinds of compounds identified In, including terpene compound, alcohols material, aldehyde material, letones, Ester and alkanes substance.Research is found The ginger essential oil that the present invention picks up by oneself has bacteriostatic activity and inoxidizability, and ginger itself can be applied directly as a kind of flavouring In food materials, therefore ingredient of the present inventor's trial using ginger essential oil as fresh-keeping solution is fresh-keeping to salmon progress；Together When the inventors of the present invention discovered through researches that casein sodium can effectively delay the movement of moisture in food and can hinder the oxygen of oxygen Change etc. to food fresh keeping, therefore casein sodium is also used as to the ingredient of fresh-keeping solution, and it was unexpectedly found that, In In the preparation process of ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution, since partial size becomes smaller ginger essential oil after ultrasonic cell disruption instrument is handled, quilt Casein sodium embeds and capsule of nano, has effectively delayed the volatilization of ginger essential oil, has enhanced the antibacterial of ginger essential oil Stability.Ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution of the invention has apparent preservation to salmon storage, can significantly delay three texts The variation of fish taste and flavor delays salmon hardness and color to change, anti-lipid peroxidation value, Volatile Base Nitrogen value and The growth of total plate count, to prolong storage period, and method is easy, materials are easy to get, and cost is relatively low, are easy to promote.

Optionally, it is additionally added plasticizer in ginger essential oil fresh-keeping solution of the invention, the plasticizer is selected from glycerol, the third two At least one of alcohol, mannitol, sorbic acid, sucrose and polyethylene glycol；Preferably, the plasticizer is glycerol；Junket egg is added White acid sodium can effectively delay in food the movement of moisture and the oxidation that can hinder oxygen etc. to food fresh keeping, but casein parent It is aqueous compared with causing water preventing ability and mechanical performance poor by force, and the toughness and water preventing ability of casein sodium film can be enhanced in glycerol.

Ginger essential oil is picked up by oneself using steam distillation, and specific extraction step is as follows:

160 mesh of ginger powder powder particle diameter, liquid-to-solid ratio 20:1 (ratio of distilled water and ginger powder is 20mL:1g), is placed in water In steam distillation unit, 110~120min of distillation time collects ginger essential oil after the completion of extracting.

The material that following embodiment is related to and reagent are as follows:

Fresh salmon is purchased from Beijing Ju Fuxian flagship store.

Strain: staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus)；Listeria monocytogenes (L.monocytogenes)； Escherichia coli (E.coli)；Salmonella typhimurium (S.typhimurium)；Vibrio parahemolyticus (V.parahemolyticus) Agricultural University Of Hebei's food science and technology institute Microbiological Lab is come from.

Casein sodium (food-grade) Gannan Keri Dairy Products Development Co., Ltd.；The prosperous food in glycerol (food-grade) Zhengzhou Additive raw material store；Tween-80 (food-grade) Zhengzhou prosperous food additives raw material store；Plate count agar Beijing Suo Lai Precious Science and Technology Ltd.；2- thiobarbituricacidα- Tianjin Tian Li chemical reagent Co., Ltd；Trichloroacetic acid Tianjin day power Learn reagent Co., Ltd.

The instrument and equipment that following embodiment is related to is as follows:

SW-CJ-1F superclean bench SuZhou Antai Air Tech Co., Ltd.；CP114 electronic analytical balance Ao Haosi instrument Device (Changzhou) Co., Ltd；Stable Micro System company, texture analyser Britain；Color difference analysis instrument Britain Stable Micro System company；Constant incubator Tianjin Stettlen Instrument Ltd.；HW-SY21-K electric-heated thermostatic water bath Beijing Mayor's bearing instruments and meters company.