阅读说明：本技术 一种高精度高稳定性的同轴送粉喷嘴装置 (Coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and high stability ) 是由 张元� 陈瑶 于 2021-10-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种高精度高稳定性的同轴送粉喷嘴装置,该装置包括激光部分、传感器部分、可调间隙结构部分、冷却保护部分；其特征在于：多激光束的控制与选择、传感器部分与可调结构配合,负责装置的稳定性；本发明的基本技术方案是：控制激光束的数量满足不同尺寸精度的工件要求；通过传感器测量加工位置信息与可调间隙结构的配合,稳定粉末焦点浓度和直径,从而为3D打印提供一种高精度高稳定性的同轴送粉喷嘴装置。(The invention provides a high-precision high-stability coaxial powder feeding nozzle device, which comprises a laser part, a sensor part, an adjustable gap structure part and a cooling protection part, wherein the laser part is arranged on the laser part; the method is characterized in that: the control and selection of multiple laser beams, the matching of the sensor part and the adjustable structure are responsible for the stability of the device; the basic technical scheme of the invention is as follows: controlling the quantity of the laser beams to meet the requirements of workpieces with different dimensional accuracies; through the cooperation of sensor measurement processing position information and adjustable clearance structure, stabilize powder focus concentration and diameter to print the coaxial powder feeding nozzle device that provides a high accuracy high stability for 3D.)

1. A high-precision high-stability coaxial powder feeding nozzle device comprises a sensor part, a manual regulation part, a laser control part and a cooling protection part; the method is characterized in that: the sensor part is responsible for collecting the focal position information, and the manual regulation and control part is responsible for regulating the telescopic sleeve structure to regulate the powder spraying gap to a specified value; the laser control part is responsible for controlling the quantity of the laser beams and is matched with the cooling protection part to process the workpiece.

2. A high precision high stability coaxial powder feeding nozzle device according to claim 1, further characterized by: the laser controls the amount of laser beams according to the size and precision requirements of a workpiece, the laser passes through the central laser hole path (10) and the outer ring laser hole path (11) and then is emitted from the nozzle, and the laser is converged with metal powder at a processing point.

3. A high precision high stability coaxial powder feeding nozzle device according to claim 2, further characterized by: the low-temperature protective gas can be conveyed to the nozzle for cooling through the gas holes (1) and the protective gas holes (6), and plays a role in protection and convergence after being sprayed; the large-area ring sleeve water cooling channel conveys cooling water to carry out real-time rapid water cooling and protect the nozzle.

Technical Field

The invention is used for 3D printing, and belongs to the field of mechanical structure design, and relates to a 3D printing coaxial powder feeding nozzle device for processing a workpiece with high precision and high stability, in particular to a device for adjusting the clearance of a powder nozzle, the quantity of powder spraying and controlling the quantity of laser beams by feedback information of a sensor so as to improve the precision and the processing stability of the workpiece. Meanwhile, the nozzle can be efficiently cooled in time in a large-area annular sleeve water cooling mode, the effect of a cladding molten pool and laser heat radiation on the nozzle is reduced, and the service life of the nozzle is prolonged. Thereby for 3D prints and provides a coaxial powder feeding nozzle device of processing high accuracy, high stability.

Background

At present, the research on 3D printing equipment in China is rapidly developed, the application of the 3D printing equipment relates to a plurality of fields of aerospace, automobiles, biomedical treatment, buildings and the like, but the current 3D printing products have the disadvantages of low speed, low workpiece precision, poor working stability and difficult processing of workpieces with complex shapes in the processing process. The product quality problem greatly increases the limitation of the application of the 3D printing technology in various fields. The machining precision and other requirements in the fields of medical treatment, aerospace and the like are high, and the standard is difficult to reach.

The invention solves the defects to a great extent by the characteristics of high efficiency, stability, accuracy, applicability and the like, and improves the precision of 3D printing workpieces. In the aspect of processing, workpieces with different sizes can be efficiently processed by adjusting the powder spraying gap and controlling the quantity of laser beams, the processing precision is improved, the material waste is reduced, and the cost and the time are saved. The powder focusing concentration can be adjusted through different powder nozzle gaps, so that the powder utilization rate is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a coaxial powder feeding spray head device for processing a high-precision workpiece;

the basic technical scheme is as follows: the clearance of the manual adjustment powder nozzle is calculated through the information fed back by the sensor measurement to meet the requirements of efficient and stable processing of workpieces with different precisions; the powder utilization rate is improved by adjusting the focal concentration and the diameter of different powder flows; the purpose of timely and rapid cooling is achieved through the large-area water cooling channel, and therefore the novel coaxial powder feeding nozzle device which is high in working efficiency, wide in processing range and good in product quality is provided for 3D printing.

The invention has the advantages that: the processing stability is improved by adjusting the size of the gap of the powder nozzle through feedback information of the distance sensor, so that energy-saving and environment-friendly additive manufacturing can be realized, the powder utilization rate is improved, and the processing cost is reduced; the concentration and the diameter of the powder flow focus are adjusted in real time according to different processing requirements, and the processing efficiency is correspondingly improved; meanwhile, the water cooling channel is sleeved with the large-area ring sleeve to cool the nozzle more directly and quickly, so that the nozzle can normally work at a proper temperature for a long time, and a feasible nozzle device is provided for processing products with high precision and stable quality.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and high stability.

FIG. 2 is a top view of a coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and high stability.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a high precision and high stability coaxial powder feeding nozzle device.

FIG. 4 is a half-sectional view of a coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and stability.

FIG. 5 is a quarter sectional view of a coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and high stability.

FIG. 6 is a schematic axial view of a coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and high stability.

Wherein: 1 air hole, 2 connecting cylinders, 3 powder feeding holes, 4 powder cylinders, 5 protective air cylinders, 6 protective air holes, 7 inner cones, 8 middle cones, 9 outer cones, 10 central laser tubes, 11 outer ring laser tubes, 12 water inlets, 13 water outlets, 14 first sensor probes, 15 second sensor probes

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the matching relationship and the function of the parts of the invention are explained below with the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1 and 4: the connecting cylinder 2 is connected with the powder cylinder 4 through a telescopic sleeve; the powder cylinder 4 is in threaded connection with the protection gas cylinder 5; the inner cone 7, the middle cone 8 and the outer cone 9 are respectively in threaded connection with the connecting cylinder 2, the powder cylinder 4 and the protection gas cylinder 5.

As shown in fig. 1, 4, and 5: a central laser tube 10 and eight outer ring laser tubes 11 are respectively connected with the connecting cylinder 2 and the inner cone 7 at the lower end part, and the upper end part is connected with a laser; the lower ends of the six powder feeding holes 3 are communicated with the spray head, the upper ends are connected with the powder feeding device, and the lower ends are connected with a powder spraying channel between the powder barrel 4 and the connecting barrel 2; the lower ends of the four cooling protective gas pipes 6 are connected with a protective gas channel between the powder cylinder 4 and the protective gas cylinder 5 and connected with a protective gas conveying device.

The working mode of the invention is explained below with the attached drawings:

as shown in fig. 1, 4, and 5: the sensor probes 14 and 15 feed back the detected powder focus diameter to an external device to calculate a reasonable gap, and then the telescopic sleeve between the connecting cylinder 2 and the powder cylinder 4 is manually controlled to adjust the powder spraying gap. The smaller powder spraying gap can improve the powder spraying speed and reduce the focal radius, but increases the kinetic energy loss and influences the flow of powder, an exact numerical value needs to be given through calculation and analysis, and the ideal adjusting range is within 1.5 mm-3.5 mm.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5: the laser controls the amount of laser beams according to the size and precision requirements of a workpiece, the laser beams are emitted from the nozzle after passing through the central laser tube 10 and the outer ring laser tube 11, and the laser beams are converged with metal powder at a processing point. The metal powder is conveyed to the powder feeding hole 3 by the powder storing and spraying device and is sprayed out. When the six powder feeding holes spray powder, the protective gas holes 6 convey protective gas, and cooling water is introduced into the water cooling channel to implement rapid water cooling so as to protect the nozzles.