阅读说明：本技术 一种用于激光选区熔化成形的送粉装置、方法及打印设备 (Powder feeding device and method for selective laser melting forming and printing equipment ) 是由 韩泉泉 刘忠轶 张振华 高建 于 2021-08-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于激光选区熔化成形的送粉装置、方法及打印设备,属于3D打印技术技术领域,该装置包括底座,在所述底座设有成型仓,成型仓内设有能够升降的成型仓基板,其特征在于,在底座上成型仓水平方向的一侧设有第一粉料仓,第一粉料仓内设有能够升降的第一粉料仓滑块,在成型仓与第一粉料仓相对立的一侧设有第一粉料储存仓,在底座上设有能够在水平方向移动的第一刮刀,通过第一刮刀将第一粉料仓内的粉料刮至成型仓和第一粉料储存仓：在底座上成型仓纵向方向的一侧设有第二粉料仓,在成型仓与第二粉料仓相对应的一侧设有第二粉料储存仓,在底座上设有能够在纵向方向移动的第二刮刀,通过第二刮刀将第二粉料仓内的粉料刮至成型仓和第二粉料储存仓。(The invention relates to a powder feeding device, a method and printing equipment for selective laser melting forming, belonging to the technical field of 3D printing, wherein the device comprises a base, a forming bin is arranged on the base, and a forming bin substrate capable of lifting is arranged in the forming bin, the device is characterized in that a first powder bin is arranged on one side of the base in the horizontal direction of the forming bin, a first powder bin sliding block capable of lifting is arranged in the first powder bin, a first powder storage bin is arranged on one side of the forming bin opposite to the first powder bin, a first scraper capable of moving in the horizontal direction is arranged on the base, and powder in the first powder bin is scraped to the forming bin and the first powder storage bin through the first scraper: one side of the longitudinal direction of the forming bin is provided with a second powder bin, one side of the forming bin corresponding to the second powder bin is provided with a second powder storage bin, the base is provided with a second scraper capable of moving in the longitudinal direction, and the powder in the second powder bin is scraped to the forming bin and the second powder storage bin through the second scraper.)

1. The utility model provides a send whitewashed device suitable for laser election district melting takes shape, the device includes the base is equipped with the shaping storehouse, is equipped with the shaping storehouse base plate that can go up and down in the shaping storehouse, a serial communication port, one side of shaping storehouse horizontal direction is equipped with first powder storehouse on the base, be equipped with the first powder storehouse slider that can go up and down in the first powder storehouse, one side that mutually stands mutually at shaping storehouse and first powder storehouse is equipped with first powder and stores the storehouse, be equipped with the first scraper that can remove at the horizontal direction on the base, first scraper removes and can scrape the powder in the first powder storehouse to shaping storehouse and first powder storage storehouse: one side of the longitudinal direction of the forming bin is provided with a second powder bin on the base, one side of the forming bin corresponding to the second powder bin is provided with a second powder storage bin, the base is provided with a second scraper capable of moving in the longitudinal direction, and the second scraper moves to scrape the powder in the second powder bin to the forming bin and the second powder storage bin.

2. The powder feeding device suitable for the laser selective melting forming of the bi-material as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first lead screw is arranged on the top of the base along the horizontal direction of the forming bin, a first moving slide block is arranged on the first lead screw, the first moving slide block is connected with a first scraper, a vertical groove is arranged on the base along the vertical direction of the forming bin, a second lead screw is arranged in the vertical groove, a second moving slide block is arranged on the second lead screw, the second moving slide block is connected with a second scraper, and the first lead screw is arranged on the top of the second scraper.

3. The powder feeder suitable for laser selective melting forming of bimaterial as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first scraper and the second scraper are fixed to a movable slider through a scraper holder, the movable slider is provided with a fixing groove, and the scraper is provided with a protrusion which can be snapped into the fixing groove.

4. The apparatus for feeding twin materials for laser selective melting as set forth in claim 1, wherein the first powder storage silo and the second powder storage silo are connected at the bottom thereof to a storage tank, and the storage tank is detachably connected to the storage silos.

5. The powder feeding device for the selective laser melting and forming of the bi-material according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the first scraper and the second scraper are made of flexible materials; or the contact parts of the first scraper and the second scraper and the base are flexible.

6. The powder feeder for laser selective melting forming of bimaterial according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the first scraper and the second scraper are provided with a baffle preventing the powder from being scraped off from both sides.

7. The powder feeding device for the selective laser melting and forming of the bi-material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forming chamber base plate is located on a forming chamber slide block which can be lifted, and the forming chamber slide block is provided with a pneumatic lock which can keep the forming chamber base plate horizontal.

8. A printing apparatus comprising a powder feeder suitable for laser selective melt forming of bi-material according to any of claims 1 to 7.

9. The printing apparatus of claim 8, wherein a laser is disposed in the powder feeder at the top of the forming chamber.

10. A powder feeding method of a powder feeding apparatus for laser selective melting forming of a bimaterial according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the above method,

the method comprises the following steps that a forming bin substrate in a forming bin rises to a set position, a sliding block in a first powder bin is controlled to rise to a specified height so as to eject powder in the first powder bin, a first scraper is controlled to move in the horizontal direction so as to scrape the powder ejected out of the first powder bin to the forming bin, redundant first powder is scraped into a first powder storage bin, and the first scraper moves to an initial position; carrying out laser forming on the first layer of powder laid in the forming bin;

after the first layer of powder is formed by laser, the forming bin substrate descends by one layer; and controlling the base sliding block in the second powder bin to ascend so as to eject the powder in the second powder bin, controlling the second scraper to move in the longitudinal direction, scraping the powder ejected from the second powder bin into the forming bin, scraping redundant second powder into the second powder storage bin, then starting to perform laser forming on a second layer of powder paved in the processing bin, and then repeating the operation.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to a powder feeding device and method for selective laser melting forming and printing equipment.

Background

Due to the excellent characteristics of shape control, material control, controllability and the like, the multi-material part (heterogeneous material part) has wide application scenes in important fields of aerospace, special processing, medical engineering and the like, and increasingly becomes a research hotspot in the field of 3D printing at home and abroad at present. Slm (selective laser melting), also called as laser selective melting technology, is a main technical approach in metal material additive manufacturing, and the technology selects laser as energy source, scans layer by layer on a metal powder bed layer according to a planned path in a three-dimensional CAD slice model, and the scanned metal powder achieves the effect of metallurgical bonding through melting and solidification, and finally obtains the metal part designed by the model.

The common SLM (selective laser melting) process-based 3D printer only comprises one doctor blade and one set of powder laying equipment, so that the common SLM process-based 3D printer can only be used for printing one material, and different materials are printed by stopping the equipment and replacing powder in midway, so that the SLM process-based 3D printer is difficult to operate in practice, powder pollution is easily caused, and the printing quality cannot be guaranteed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a powder feeding device and method for selective laser melting forming and printing equipment.

The embodiment of the invention provides a powder feeding device suitable for melting and forming in a laser selection area, which comprises a base, wherein a forming bin is arranged on the base, a forming bin substrate capable of lifting is arranged in the forming bin, a first powder bin is arranged on one side of the base in the horizontal direction of the forming bin, a first powder bin substrate capable of lifting is arranged in the first powder bin, a first powder storage bin is arranged on one side of the forming bin opposite to the first powder bin, a first scraper capable of moving in the horizontal direction is arranged on the base, and the first scraper moves to scrape powder in the first powder bin to the forming bin and the first powder storage bin: one side of the longitudinal direction of the forming bin is provided with a second powder bin on the base, one side of the forming bin corresponding to the second powder bin is provided with a second powder storage bin, the base is provided with a second scraper capable of moving in the longitudinal direction, and the second scraper moves to scrape the powder in the second powder bin to the forming bin and store the second powder in the bin.

Further, the top of base is equipped with first lead screw along shaping storehouse horizontal direction, be equipped with first removal slider on the first lead screw, first removal slider is connected first scraper be equipped with vertical recess along the vertical direction in shaping storehouse on the base be equipped with the second lead screw in the vertical recess, be equipped with the second on the second lead screw and remove the slider, the second removes the slider and connects the second scraper, and first lead screw is located the top of second scraper.

Furthermore, first scraper and second scraper are all fixed on removing the slider through scraping on the knife rest, be equipped with the fixed slot on removing the slider, but be equipped with the arch of card income fixed slot on the scraper.

Further, the bottom of the first powder storage bin and the bottom of the second powder storage bin are connected with a storage tank, and the storage tank is detachably connected with the storage bins.

Furthermore, the first scraper and the second scraper are made of flexible materials; or the contact parts of the first scraper and the second scraper and the base are flexible.

Further, the first scraper and the second scraper are provided with baffle plates for preventing powder from being scraped from two sides.

Furthermore, the molding bin base plate is located on a molding bin sliding block capable of lifting, and an air pressure lock capable of keeping the molding bin base plate horizontal is arranged on the molding bin sliding block.

The embodiment of the invention also provides printing equipment which comprises any one of the powder feeding devices suitable for the selective laser melting and forming of the double materials.

Further, a laser is arranged at the top of the forming bin in the powder feeding device.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a powder feeding method of the powder feeding device suitable for the selective laser melting and forming of the double materials, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps that a forming bin substrate in a forming bin rises to a set position, a sliding block in a first powder bin is controlled to rise to a specified height so as to eject powder in the first powder bin, a first scraper is controlled to move in the horizontal direction so as to scrape the powder ejected out of the first powder bin to the forming bin, redundant first powder is scraped into a first powder storage bin, and the first scraper moves to an initial position; starting to perform laser forming on the first layer of powder paved in the forming bin;

after the first layer of powder is formed by laser, the forming bin substrate descends by one layer; and controlling the sliding block in the second powder bin to ascend so as to eject out the powder in the second powder bin, controlling the second scraper to move in the longitudinal direction, scraping the powder ejected out of the second powder bin into the forming bin, scraping redundant second powder into the second powder storage bin, then starting to perform laser forming on a second layer of powder paved in the processing bin, and then repeating the operation.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the powder feeding device provided by the invention is characterized in that the powder bins are arranged on one sides of the forming bin in the horizontal direction and the longitudinal direction, and the powder bin sliding blocks capable of lifting are arranged in the powder bins, so that after the powder is ejected out by the first powder bin sliding blocks in the horizontal direction, the powder in the first powder bin can be scraped into the forming bin for printing through the horizontal movement of the first scraper, the excessive powder is scraped into the material bin for storage to ensure that the excessive powder is not wasted, meanwhile, after the first powder in the forming bin is printed, the longitudinal movement of the second scraper can be controlled to scrape the powder in the second powder bin into the forming bin for printing, and the excessive powder is scraped into the material bin for storage, so that the alternate printing of double-material parts is realized, and the printing efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall structural diagram of a powder feeding device suitable for selective laser melting and forming of dual materials according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an overall structural view of a processing bin base in the powder feeding device provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction A-A of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a scraper in the powder feeding device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the processing bin comprises a processing bin base, 2, a processing bin, 3, a first powder bin, 4, a second powder bin, 5, a first lead screw, 6, a second lead screw, 7, a first scraper, 71-shaped baffle plates, 72, a bump, 8, a second scraper, 9, a first powder storage bin, 10, a second powder storage bin, 11, a storage tank, 12, a powder bin motor, 13, a powder bin nut, 14, a powder bin lead screw, 15, a scraper motor, 16, a scraper nut, 17, a scraper frame, 18, a cover plate, 19, a processing bin base plate, 20, a powder bin sliding block, 21 and a sliding block. 22. And processing the bin substrate.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a powder feeding device suitable for melting and forming dual materials in a laser selection area, the device mainly includes a processing bin base 1, a processing bin 2 is disposed in the middle of the processing bin base, a processing bin substrate capable of being lifted and lowered is disposed in the processing bin, a first powder bin 3 is disposed on the processing bin base on one side of the processing bin in the horizontal direction, a first powder storage bin 9 is disposed on one side of the processing bin opposite to the first powder bin, a second powder bin 4 is disposed on one side of the processing bin base in the vertical direction, and a second powder storage bin 10 is disposed on one side of the processing bin opposite to the second powder bin 4.

Further, be equipped with first lead screw 5 on the top of processing storehouse base 1 along the processing storehouse horizontal direction, wherein be connected with screw nut on the first lead screw, simultaneously screw nut connects first scraper 7, the bottom of first scraper 7 is laminated with the surface of processing storehouse base mutually, and on the processing storehouse base plate in the processing storehouse can be scraped the powder in first powder storehouse 3 to the removal on first lead screw 5 through first scraper 7 like this, unnecessary powder is scraped first powder and is stored storehouse 9 simultaneously.

The second lead screw 6 is arranged on the surface of the processing bin base along the vertical direction of the processing bin, a lead screw nut is also connected onto the second lead screw 6, a second scraper 8 is connected onto the lead screw nut, the second scraper can move along the second lead screw, the bottom of the second scraper is attached to the surface of the processing bin base, so that after powder in the first powder bin is conveyed to the processing bin base plate by the first scraper and printed, the processing bin base plate can be controlled to move downwards for a certain distance, then the powder in the second powder bin is conveyed to the processing bin base plate by the second scraper to be processed continuously, meanwhile, redundant second powder is scraped into the second powder storage bin, and therefore the alternate replacement of the two kinds of powder can be achieved rapidly.

In order to avoid that the cross movement of the first scraper cannot interfere, in the embodiment, a vertical groove is arranged on one side of the second powder bin and the second powder storage bin on the base of the processing bin, namely one side along the vertical direction of the processing bin, the second lead screw 6 is arranged in the vertical groove, so that the second lead screw and the first lead screw cannot cross, wherein the height distance between the first lead screw and the second lead screw is equal to or larger than the height of the second scraper, so that the second scraper 8 moves in the vertical direction and cannot interfere with the first lead screw 5.

Further, the top of the vertical groove in this embodiment is provided with a cover plate 18, and the top of the vertical groove is sealed through the cover plate 18, so that when the second scraper 8 scrapes materials, powder is prevented from entering the vertical groove, and the rotation of the second lead screw is prevented from being influenced.

Referring to fig. 3, in the embodiment, the powder bin sliding blocks 20 capable of lifting are respectively arranged in the first powder bin and the second powder bin, the powder bin sliding blocks 20 are attached to the inner wall of the powder bin, and powder is placed on the powder bin sliding blocks 20, so that when the scraper scrapes the powder once, the powder bin sliding blocks 20 can lift a distance to realize automatic feeding.

Further, the bottom of the processing bin base is provided with a powder bin motor 12 which is respectively used for controlling the sliding block in the first powder bin and the sliding block in the second powder bin to ascend, the powder bin motor 12 is connected with a powder bin screw rod 14 through a powder bin coupling 13, and the powder bin motor 12 is used for controlling the rotation of the powder bin screw rod to control the up-and-down ascending of the sliding block.

Of course, in other embodiments, the ascending of the powder bin sliding block 20 may also be controlled by other driving mechanisms, such as hydraulic driving, a hydraulic cylinder is vertically placed at the bottom of each powder bin, and the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the sliding block in the powder bin, so that the sliding block is controlled to ascend and descend by the expansion and contraction of the piston rod.

Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, a storage material tank 11 is connected to the bottom of the first powder storage bin or the second powder storage bin on the processing bin base 1, and after the first scraper or the second scraper scrapes the powder to the powder storage bin, the powder can be collected through the storage tank 11, the top of the storage tank 11 is detachably connected to the top of the storage bin, so that after the storage of the powder in the storage tank 11 is full, the storage tank 11 can be detached, and the redundant powder can be taken out.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, a protruding mounting table is arranged at an end of the processing bin in the horizontal direction in this embodiment, the height of the mounting table is just larger than that of the second scraper, a scraper motor 15 is fixed at the top of the mounting table, the scraper motor 15 is connected with the first lead screw 5 through a scraper coupling 16, a scraper nut is arranged on the first lead screw, the scraper nut is connected with a scraper frame 17, a scraper groove is arranged on the scraper frame 17, an axis of the scraper groove is perpendicular to an axis of the first lead screw 5, a protrusion 72 capable of being clamped into the scraper groove is arranged at the top of the first scraper 7, as shown in fig. 4, so that the first scraper 7 can be mounted conveniently, and when the first scraper 7 is damaged, the protrusion at the top of the first scraper 7 can directly slide out of the scraper groove.

The tip of second lead screw is the same with the tip of first lead screw in this embodiment, also sets up the scraper motor, the scraper motor is connected with the second lead screw through the shaft coupling, be equipped with screw nut on the second lead screw, the second scraper passes through the second scraper frame to be fixed on screw nut, and only the scraper motor snap-on the first lead screw is on processing storehouse base 1.

Preferably, the holistic material of first scraper 7 and second scraper 8 is rubber or the top of first scraper and second scraper is the rubber material in this embodiment, like this when the bottom of scraper is in the gliding time in processing storehouse top, can take place certain deformation, can guarantee to scrape the quality of powder like this, and the top of processing storehouse base can set to be smooth simultaneously.

Further, in this embodiment, the main body portions of the first scraper 7 and the second scraper 8 are arranged in a trapezoid shape, and a baffle 73 is arranged on two sides of the surface of the first scraper and the second scraper, and the baffle 73 is perpendicular to the surface of the first scraper and the surface of the second scraper, so that the two materials are not mixed in the process of scraping the powder.

Finally, the embodiment of the invention also provides 3D printing equipment, which comprises the powder feeding device suitable for selective laser melting and forming of the double materials, wherein a laser is arranged at the top of the processing bin in the device, when the first powder is scraped into the processing bin by a first scraper, the laser can start laser forming according to set power, scanning speed and scanning placement, after one layer is formed, a layer of bottom plate in the processing bin can descend, then the second scraper scrapes the powder in the second powder bin into the processing bin, and then the laser continues to start laser forming.

The following describes in detail the powder feeding method of the powder feeding device suitable for the selective laser melting forming of the dual materials, which comprises the following processes:

firstly, a bottom plate in a processing bin is lifted to a set position, then a slide block in a first powder bin is controlled to rise by a specified height so as to eject powder on the slide block in the first powder bin, a first screw nut on a first screw is controlled to move so as to drive a first scraper to start moving, the powder ejected out of the first powder bin is scraped into the processing bin to fill the processing bin, more first powder is scraped into a first powder storage bin by a scraper, and then the first scraper moves to an initial position;

then, starting laser forming of a first layer of powder paved in the processing bin, and after the first layer of powder is formed by laser, controlling the substrate in the processing bin to descend by one layer;

and finally, controlling the sliding block in the second powder bin to ascend so as to eject the powder in the second powder bin, controlling the second scraper on the second screw rod to move forwards along the second screw rod so as to scrape the powder ejected out of the second powder bin into the processing bin, scraping more than second powder into the second powder storage bin by the scraper, then starting to perform laser forming on a second layer of powder paved in the processing bin, and then repeating the operation.

Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.