阅读说明：本技术 一种防止热失控的电池均衡储能系统 (Battery equalization energy storage system capable of preventing thermal runaway ) 是由 邹黎 邹旭 邹雪 袁礼剑 于 2021-08-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种防止热失控的电池均衡储能系统,包括多个串联的内部封闭灌注有相变固体绝缘介质的电池模组,电池模组连接有电压均衡管理器,相邻的电池模组之间串联充放电连接线上连接有一个均衡开关,均衡开关的两个常闭触点分别与相邻的电池模组的正极和负极连接,所有均衡开关的正极动触点与均衡正极汇流排连接,所有均衡开关的负极动触点与均衡负极汇流排连接；电压均衡管理器实时检测各个电池模组的电压值,当发现某支路各电池模组电压差值超过设定,启动该支路全部均衡开关动作至均衡状态,检测各电池模组电压差值符合要求后,通过均衡状态时间控制,使均衡状态结束,断开均衡开关,均衡开关回位至常闭触点接通状态。(The invention discloses a battery equalization energy storage system for preventing thermal runaway, which comprises a plurality of battery modules which are connected in series and internally sealed and filled with phase-change solid insulating media, wherein the battery modules are connected with a voltage equalization manager; the voltage equalization manager detects the voltage value of each battery module in real time, when the voltage difference value of each battery module of a certain branch exceeds the set value, all equalization switches of the branch are started to move to an equalization state, after the voltage difference value of each battery module meets the requirement, the equalization state is ended through equalization state time control, the equalization switches are switched off, and the equalization switches return to the normally closed contact connection state.)

1. The utility model provides a battery equalization energy storage system that prevents thermal runaway which characterized in that: the battery module is connected with a voltage balance manager, a balance switch is connected on a series charging and discharging connecting line between adjacent battery modules, two normally closed contacts of the balance switch are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the adjacent battery modules, positive movable contacts of all the balance switches are connected with a balance positive busbar, and negative movable contacts of all the balance switches are connected with a balance negative busbar.

2. The battery equalization energy storage system that prevents thermal runaway of claim 1, wherein: the voltage equalization manager comprises a plurality of voltage detectors connected with the battery modules in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the data output ends of the voltage detectors are connected with a controller, and the signal output end of the controller is connected with the control end of the equalization switch.

3. The battery equalization energy storage system that prevents thermal runaway of claim 1, wherein: the controller includes a programmable logic device.

4. The battery equalization energy storage system that prevents thermal runaway of claim 1, wherein: the battery module comprises a module shell which is arranged in a sealing mode, a cell group is arranged in the module shell, a positive pole column and a negative pole column which are connected with the cell group are arranged on the module shell, the phase-change solid insulating medium is filled in the module shell, and the cell group is wrapped in the phase-change solid insulating medium; the battery module is still including installing module trouble inspection device on the module casing.

5. The battery equalization energy storage system to prevent thermal runaway of claim 4, wherein: the melting point of the phase-change solid insulating medium is 50-80 ℃.

6. The battery equalization energy storage system to prevent thermal runaway of claim 4, wherein: module trouble inspection device is including installing on the module casing and test end position in temperature-detecting device in the module casing.

7. The battery equalization energy storage system that prevents thermal runaway of claim 6, wherein: the temperature detection device comprises a temperature sensor which is arranged at the top end of the module shell and a test end of the module shell is positioned in the module shell.

8. The battery equalization energy storage system to prevent thermal runaway of claim 4, wherein: the phase-change solid insulating medium comprises paraffin and stearic acid, wherein the mass fraction of the paraffin is 70-85%, and the mass fraction of the stearic acid is 5-10%.

9. The battery equalization energy storage system to prevent thermal runaway of claim 4, wherein: and radiating fins are arranged on the outer wall of the module shell.

10. The battery equalization energy storage system for preventing thermal runaway according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein: the battery core group comprises a battery core support, a plurality of monomer battery cores are arranged on the battery core support in parallel, the anodes of the monomer battery cores are connected in parallel through a positive current collector and connected with the positive pole column, and the cathodes of the monomer battery cores are connected in parallel through a negative current collector and connected with the negative pole column.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an electric power energy storage system, in particular to a battery equalization energy storage system for preventing thermal runaway.

Background

The power energy storage system is generally formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells in parallel, and then is connected in series through a plurality of modules to form a battery energy storage branch circuit, and the plurality of battery energy storage branch circuits are connected in parallel to form the energy storage system. The battery module is a basic unit for storing electric energy. Due to the capacity difference, the internal resistance difference and the self-leakage difference among the battery cells, the voltage difference of a single body or a module can be caused in the long-term charge and discharge working process of each battery cell. In the process of charging and discharging the modules in series, the modules with high voltage are charged quickly, the modules with low voltage are discharged quickly, and voltage equalization must be carried out on the high-capacity energy storage system to ensure the voltage consistency of the charging and discharging modules. At present, balancing and voltage management are carried out on power energy storage branches by adopting a BMS system, the balancing current of the power energy storage branches is generally lower than 5 amperes, so that the capacity of each branch is generally lower than 100 ampere hours, and for a 1000 megawatt-hour high-capacity energy storage system, the quantity of BMS managers is large, the number of balancing elements is up to thousands, and the fault rate is increased. In addition, there is a lot of power consumption of the equalization elements in the BMS. If the battery energy storage system has a balance problem, the system capacity is reduced slightly, the battery module is overcharged seriously, and the internal short circuit of the battery core is easy to occur, even the module and the system are out of control due to heat.

The safety of the battery cell module is very important. In an air medium, short circuits can be generated in parallel-connected battery cells in the module due to internal short circuit of crystal branches, diaphragm defects, overcharge and the like, thermal runaway of the battery cells is generated due to internal short circuits and the like, the temperature of the failed battery cells can be rapidly increased, electrolyte can be gasified and spontaneously combust, and the temperature of the battery cells gradually and rapidly rises to generate chain reaction, so that the thermal runaway or spontaneous combustion of the whole battery module is caused. Because of can release organic combustible gas such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide under the electrolyte high temperature condition in the lithium electricity core, thereby this module easily produces burning and blasting to can reach other modules and can cause energy storage system thermal runaway.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a battery equalization energy storage system capable of quickly equalizing the voltage values of all battery modules and preventing thermal runaway.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a battery equalization energy storage system for preventing thermal runaway comprises a plurality of battery modules which are connected in series and internally sealed and filled with phase-change solid insulating media, wherein the battery modules are connected with a voltage equalization manager, an equalization switch is connected on a series charging and discharging connecting line between the adjacent battery modules, two normally closed contacts of the equalization switch are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the adjacent battery modules, positive movable contacts of all the equalization switches are connected with an equalization positive busbar, and negative movable contacts of all the equalization switches are connected with an equalization negative busbar.

As a preferred technical scheme, the voltage equalization manager comprises a plurality of voltage detectors connected with the battery modules in a one-to-one correspondence manner, a data output end of each voltage detector is connected with a controller, and a signal output end of each controller is connected with a control end of the equalization switch.

As a preferred solution, the controller includes a programmable logic device.

As a preferred technical scheme, the battery module comprises a module shell which is arranged in a sealing manner, a cell group is arranged in the module shell, a positive pole column and a negative pole column which are connected with the cell group are arranged on the module shell, the phase-change solid insulating medium is filled in the module shell, and the cell group is wrapped in the phase-change solid insulating medium; the battery module is still including installing module trouble inspection device on the module casing.

As a preferable technical scheme, the melting point of the phase-change solid insulating medium is 50-80 ℃.

As a preferred technical scheme, module fault inspection device is including installing on the module casing and test end position in the temperature-detecting device in the module casing.

As a preferred technical solution, the temperature detection device includes a temperature sensor installed at the top end of the module housing, and the testing end is located in the module housing.

As a preferable technical scheme, the phase-change solid insulating medium comprises paraffin and stearic acid, wherein the mass fraction of the paraffin is 70% -85%, and the mass fraction of the stearic acid is 5% -10%.

As a preferred technical solution, the module housing is provided with heat dissipation fins arranged on an outer wall thereof.

As a preferred technical solution, the battery core set includes a battery core support, a plurality of single battery cores are arranged on the battery core support in parallel, anodes of the single battery cores are connected in parallel through a positive current collector and connected with the positive post, and cathodes of the single battery cores are connected in parallel through a negative current collector and connected with the negative post.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the battery equalization energy storage system for preventing thermal runaway comprises a plurality of battery modules which are connected in series and internally sealed and filled with phase-change solid insulating media, wherein the battery modules are connected with a voltage equalization manager, an equalization switch is connected on a series charging and discharging connecting line between the adjacent battery modules, two normally closed contacts of the equalization switch are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the adjacent battery modules, positive movable contacts of all the equalization switches are connected with an equalization positive busbar, and negative movable contacts of all the equalization switches are connected with an equalization negative busbar; the voltage equalization manager detects the voltage value of each battery module in real time, when the voltage difference value of each battery module of a certain branch exceeds the set value, all equalization switches of the branch are started to move to an equalization state, after the voltage difference value of each battery module meets the requirement, the equalization state is ended through equalization state time control, the equalization switches are disconnected, the equalization switches return to a normally closed contact connection state, namely, each battery module is connected in series in a charging and discharging mode.

Drawings

The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an external structural view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is an internal structural view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 11-a battery module; 12-series charge-discharge connection line; 21-an equalization switch; 22-equalizing the positive bus; 23-equalizing the negative bus bar; 31-a module housing; 32-positive pole column; 33-negative pole column; 34-a heat sink; 4-a temperature sensor; 51-a cell support; 52-monomer cell.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples. In the following detailed description, certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described by way of illustration only. Needless to say, a person skilled in the art realizes that the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a battery equalization energy storage system for preventing thermal runaway includes a plurality of battery modules 11 connected in series and internally sealed and filled with a phase-change solid insulating medium, the battery modules 11 are connected with a voltage equalization manager, an equalization switch 21 is connected on a series charging and discharging connection line 12 between adjacent battery modules 11, two normally closed contacts of the equalization switch 21 are respectively connected with a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the adjacent battery modules 11, positive electrode movable contacts of all the equalization switches 21 are connected with an equalization positive electrode bus bar 22, and negative electrode movable contacts of all the equalization switches 21 are connected with an equalization negative electrode bus bar 23.

The voltage equalization manager comprises a plurality of voltage detectors connected with the battery modules 11 in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the data output ends of the voltage detectors are connected with a controller, and the signal output end of the controller is connected with the control end of the equalization switch 21. The controller includes a programmable logic device, such as a single chip.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the battery module 11 includes a module housing 31 disposed in a sealed manner, an electric core group is installed in the module housing 31, an anode post 32 and a cathode post 33 connected to the electric core group are installed on the module housing 31, the module housing 31 is filled with the phase-change solid insulating medium, the phase-change solid insulating medium has a very low melting point, the melting point range of the phase-change solid insulating medium is 50-80 ℃, the phase-change solid insulating medium includes paraffin and stearic acid, the mass fraction of the paraffin is 70% -85%, and the mass fraction of the stearic acid is 5% -10%; the pure paraffin has relatively low heat conductivity coefficient, and the mixture of stearic acid and paraffin can greatly improve the heat conductivity coefficient.

The phase-change solid insulating medium can be added with 5 to 25 percent of other heat-conducting compounds, such as magnesium oxide fine powder, besides the mixture of the paraffin and the stearic acid, so that the heat dissipation effect of the mixture of the paraffin and the stearic acid can be improved.

The electric core group is wrapped in the phase-change solid insulating medium, when the thermal runaway of a certain electric core in the electric core group reaches a certain temperature, the surrounding low-temperature phase-change solid insulating medium is melted to absorb heat, and the thermal runaway chain reaction in the module is prevented; the battery module 11 further includes a module fault inspection device installed on the module case 31. The module fault inspection device comprises a temperature detection device which is installed on the module shell 31 and the testing end of which is positioned in the module shell 31. The temperature detection device comprises a temperature sensor 4 which is arranged at the top end of the module shell 31 and the testing end of which is positioned in the module shell 31.

The module case 31 has heat dissipation fins 34 arranged on an outer wall thereof.

The specific structure and operation principle of the equalization switch 21 refer to patent application 2021101829892, and are not described in detail here.

The battery core group comprises a battery core support 51, a plurality of single battery cores 52 are arranged on the battery core support 51 in parallel, the positive electrodes of the single battery cores 52 are connected in parallel through a positive current collector and connected with the positive pole column 32, and the negative electrodes of the single battery cores 52 are connected in parallel through a negative current collector and connected with the negative pole column 33. The capacity of the single battery cell 52 is less than 50 AH.

This prevent balanced energy storage system's of battery of thermal runaway characteristics:

1. the branch of the battery equalization energy storage system for preventing thermal runaway mainly comprises a battery module 11 filled with a phase-change solid insulating medium, an equalization switch 21, a module fault polling device and a voltage equalization manager.

2. The battery module 11 filled with the phase-change solid insulating medium is formed by connecting single battery cells 52 in parallel, and the single battery cells 52 are wrapped by the phase-change solid insulating medium in the sealed battery module shell to lead out a total positive electrode and a total negative electrode. And meanwhile, a temperature online detection device is configured, and when the temperature of the module of the battery cell is detected to be overhigh, an alarm is given out, and corresponding control is executed. The welding of battery module 11 shell has fin 34, is favorable to reducing the temperature rise of whole module.

3. The voltage balance manager detects the voltage of each module in real time, manages and monitors the voltage of each module of the corresponding branch, starts all the balance switches 21 of the branch to move to a balance state when the voltage difference value of each module of the branch exceeds the set value, and after detecting that the voltage difference value of each battery module 11 meets the requirement, the balance state is ended through the time control of the balance state, the balance switches 21 are switched off, and the normal close contact is returned to a switch-on state, namely, each module is connected with a charge-discharge mode in series.

4. The battery equalization energy storage system for preventing thermal runaway is formed by connecting a plurality of high-capacity series branches which are formed by connecting battery modules 11 filled with phase-change solid insulating media through equalization switches 21 in parallel.

The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows:

1. when single or several monomer electricity core 52 take place the short circuit or the thermal runaway temperature risees in battery module 11, the heat of the rapid release of trouble electricity core can be absorbed to the phase transition solid insulating medium around the trouble electricity core, because phase transition solid insulating medium has certain specific heat capacity and great melting specific heat capacity, including local temperature rise through the heat conduction of the solid insulating medium that melts and the diffusion, when absorbing the heat release of trouble electricity core, realization thermal diffusion that can also be good, and can not arouse the great temperature rise of trouble electricity core, thereby the probability that battery module 11 takes place chain thermal runaway has been reduced, energy storage system's security improves.

2. In order to reduce the number of branches and modules of the power energy storage system, a large-capacity module with more than 50AH battery cores connected in parallel is adopted, for example, when the module capacity is hundreds or thousands of amperes, the modules are connected in series by using a large-current balancing switch 21 to form a complete branch, and large-current balancing management with basically small power consumption can be realized.

3. Every battery module 11 all is provided with temperature test device, when the module overall temperature rise was too high in the trouble electricity core, sends failure alarm, in time gets rid of danger.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.