阅读说明：本技术 双波长金属3d打印光路装置及3d打印系统 (Dual-wavelength metal 3D printing light path device and 3D printing system ) 是由 马建立 侯若洪 于 2020-12-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种双波长金属3D打印光路装置及3D打印系统。所述装置包括第一激光器、第二激光器、第一准直单元、第二准直单元、双色镜、振镜和场镜；所述第一激光器发出的激光的波长大于所述第二激光器发出的激光的波长；在所述第一激光器发出的激光的前进方向上先后设置有所述第一准直单元、所述双色镜、所述振镜和所述场镜；所述第二激光器发出的激光能经过所述第二准直单元到达所述双色镜；所述双色镜能使所述第二激光器发出的激光的光斑包围所述第一激光器发出的激光的光斑；所述金属对所述第二激光器发出的激光的吸收率大于对所述第一激光器发出的激光的吸收率。所述系统包括所述装置。本发明能实现精细打印。(The invention discloses a dual-wavelength metal 3D printing light path device and a 3D printing system. The device comprises a first laser, a second laser, a first collimation unit, a second collimation unit, a dichroic mirror, a galvanometer and a field lens; the wavelength of the laser light emitted by the first laser is greater than that of the laser light emitted by the second laser; the first collimating unit, the dichroic mirror, the vibrating mirror and the field lens are sequentially arranged in the advancing direction of laser light emitted by the first laser; laser light emitted by the second laser can reach the dichroic mirror through the second collimation unit; the dichroic mirror enables the light spot of the laser emitted by the second laser to surround the light spot of the laser emitted by the first laser; the metal has a higher absorptivity to laser light emitted from the second laser than to laser light emitted from the first laser. The system comprises the device. The invention can realize fine printing.)

1. The utility model provides a dual wavelength metal 3D prints light path device for the 3D of metal prints its characterized in that: the device comprises a first laser, a second laser, a first collimation unit, a second collimation unit, a dichroic mirror, a galvanometer and a field lens;

the wavelength of the laser light emitted by the first laser is greater than that of the laser light emitted by the second laser;

the first collimating unit, the dichroic mirror, the vibrating mirror and the field lens are sequentially arranged in the advancing direction of laser light emitted by the first laser;

laser light emitted by the second laser can reach the dichroic mirror through the second collimation unit;

the dichroic mirror enables the light spot of the laser emitted by the second laser to surround the light spot of the laser emitted by the first laser;

the absorptivity of the metal to the laser light emitted by the second laser is greater than that of the laser light emitted by the first laser;

the laser emitted by the second laser is used for heating the metal, so that the absorptivity of the heated metal to the laser emitted by the first laser is increased;

the laser emitted by the first laser is used for melting the metal.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the device also comprises a reflector;

the reflecting mirror is positioned between the second collimating unit and the dichroic mirror; or, the reflecting mirror is located between the first collimating unit and the dichroic mirror.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the dichroic mirror enables laser light emitted by the second laser to be coaxial with laser light emitted by the first laser.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the dichroic mirror can reflect the laser emitted by the first laser to the galvanometer; the laser emitted by the second laser can transmit the dichroic mirror to the galvanometer.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the dichroic mirror can reflect the laser emitted by the second laser to the galvanometer; the laser emitted by the first laser can transmit the dichroic mirror to the galvanometer.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the first laser is a fiber laser.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the wavelength of the laser emitted by the optical fiber laser is 1 μm.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the second laser is a blue laser semiconductor laser.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the first collimating unit and the second collimating unit are collimating mirrors; the metal includes at least one of copper, aluminum, gold, and silver.

10. A 3D printing system, characterized by: comprising a device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a dual-wavelength metal 3D printing optical path device and a 3D printing system.

Background

In the 3D printing scene, the reflectivity of metals such as copper, aluminum, gold and silver to 1 μm laser generated by a conventional fiber laser is high, so that the 3D printing effect is poor.

The above background disclosure is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and it is not necessarily prior art to the present invention, and should not be used for evaluating the novelty and inventive step of the present invention in the case that there is no clear evidence that the above disclosure has been made before the filing date of the present application.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a dual-wavelength metal 3D printing optical path device and a 3D printing system, which can realize fine printing and can realize a better printing effect.

In a first aspect, the invention provides a dual-wavelength metal 3D printing optical path device, which is used for 3D printing of metal and comprises a first laser, a second laser, a first collimation unit, a second collimation unit, a dichroic mirror, a galvanometer and a field lens;

the wavelength of the laser light emitted by the first laser is greater than that of the laser light emitted by the second laser;

the first collimating unit, the dichroic mirror, the vibrating mirror and the field lens are sequentially arranged in the advancing direction of laser light emitted by the first laser;

laser light emitted by the second laser can reach the dichroic mirror through the second collimation unit;

the dichroic mirror enables the light spot of the laser emitted by the second laser to surround the light spot of the laser emitted by the first laser;

the absorptivity of the metal to the laser light emitted by the second laser is greater than that of the laser light emitted by the first laser;

the laser emitted by the second laser is used for heating the metal, so that the absorptivity of the heated metal to the laser emitted by the first laser is increased;

the laser emitted by the first laser is used for melting the metal.

In some preferred embodiments, a mirror is further included;

the reflecting mirror is positioned between the second collimating unit and the dichroic mirror; or, the reflecting mirror is located between the first collimating unit and the dichroic mirror.

In some preferred embodiments, the dichroic mirror is capable of causing laser light emitted by the second laser to be coaxial with laser light emitted by the first laser.

In some preferred embodiments, the dichroic mirror is capable of reflecting laser light emitted by the first laser to the galvanometer; the laser emitted by the second laser can transmit the dichroic mirror to the galvanometer.

In some preferred embodiments, the dichroic mirror is capable of reflecting laser light emitted by the second laser to the galvanometer; the laser emitted by the first laser can transmit the dichroic mirror to the galvanometer.

In some preferred embodiments, the first laser is a fiber laser.

In some preferred embodiments, the laser light emitted by the fiber laser has a wavelength of 1 μm.

In some preferred embodiments, the second laser is a blue laser semiconductor laser.

In some preferred embodiments, the first collimating unit and the second collimating unit are both collimating mirrors.

In some preferred embodiments, the metal comprises at least one of copper, aluminum, gold, and silver.

In a second aspect, the invention provides a 3D printing system comprising the above apparatus.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the dichroic mirror enables the light spot of the laser emitted by the second laser to surround the light spot of the laser emitted by the first laser, and the laser passes through the vibrating lens and the field lens, so that the laser emitted by the second laser irradiates a larger area, and the temperature of the metal is increased; the absorptivity of the heated metal to the laser emitted by the first laser increases along with the increase of the temperature, so that the absorptivity of the metal to the laser generated by the first laser can be increased by the increase of the metal temperature, and the laser generated by the first laser can rapidly melt the metal, so that fine printing can be realized, and a better printing effect can be realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-wavelength metal 3D printing optical path apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spot of a combined laser according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a modification of the dual-wavelength metal 3D printing optical path apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 3 and the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element. The connection may be for fixation or for circuit connection.

It is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be in any way limiting of the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

The embodiment provides a dual-wavelength metal 3D printing optical path device and a 3D printing system. The 3D printing system of the present embodiment includes the dual-wavelength metal 3D printing optical path apparatus of the present embodiment.

The dual-wavelength metal 3D printing optical path device of the embodiment is used for 3D printing of metal, including but not limited to 3D printing of copper, aluminum, gold and silver, and particularly realizes 3D printing by irradiating powdered metal with laser.

Referring to fig. 1, the dual-wavelength metal 3D printing optical path apparatus of the present embodiment includes a first laser 1, a second laser 2, a first collimating unit 3, a second collimating unit 4, a dichroic mirror 5, a galvanometer 6 (which may also be referred to as a galvanometer system), and a field lens 7.

The wavelength of the laser light emitted by the first laser 1 is greater than the wavelength of the laser light emitted by the second laser 2.

In the present embodiment, the first laser 1 is a fiber laser, and the wavelength of the emitted laser light is 1 μm. The first laser 1 emits laser light with excellent beam quality, but the metal has low absorption of the emitted laser light, for example, the emitted laser light has a wavelength of 1080 nm.

In the present embodiment, the second laser 2 is a blue laser semiconductor laser (also referred to as a blue ld (laser diode) laser), which is a short-wavelength laser. The wavelength of the laser light emitted by the blue laser semiconductor laser is less than 1 μm. The second laser 2 emits laser light with poor beam quality, such as a blue LD with a wavelength of 450nm, but with high absorption by metal.

In other embodiments, the specific forms of the first laser 1 and the second laser 2 may be determined according to actual situations, as long as the purpose of the present embodiment can be achieved.

In the present embodiment, the first collimating unit 3 and the second collimating unit 4 are both collimating mirrors. In other embodiments, the specific forms of the first collimating unit 3 and the second collimating unit 4 may be determined according to practical situations, as long as the purpose of the present embodiment can be achieved.

Referring to fig. 1, a first collimating unit 3, a dichroic mirror 5, a galvanometer 6, and a field lens 7 are sequentially disposed in an advancing direction 100 of laser light emitted from a first laser 1; wherein the advancing direction 100 may be meandering. Referring to fig. 1, in the advancing direction 100, the first collimating unit 3 is disposed behind the first laser 1, the dichroic mirror 5 is disposed behind the first collimating unit 3, the vibrating mirror 6 is disposed behind the dichroic mirror 5, and the field lens 7 is disposed behind the vibrating mirror 6. In this way, the laser light emitted from the first laser 1 reaches the first collimating unit 3, then the dichroic mirror 5, then the vibrating mirror 6, and then the field lens 7 after passing through the vibrating mirror 6.

Referring to fig. 1, the laser light emitted from the second laser 2 passes through the second collimating unit 4 and then reaches the dichroic mirror 5. The second laser 2 shares a dichroic mirror 5, a galvanometer mirror 6, and a field lens 7 with the first laser 1. In this way, the laser light emitted from the second laser 2 can also reach the galvanometer 6 and the field lens 7.

The dichroic mirror 5 enables the spot 20 of the laser light emitted by the second laser 2 to surround the spot 10 of the laser light emitted by the first laser 1. Referring to fig. 2, spot 10 is located inside spot 20. In the present embodiment, the dichroic mirror 5 is configured to make the laser light emitted by the second laser 2 coaxial with the laser light emitted by the first laser 1, that is, the spot 10 coaxial with the spot 20.

The dichroic mirror 5 is capable of reflecting one laser light and transmitting the other. Referring to fig. 2, in particular, in the present embodiment, the laser light emitted from the first laser 1 is reflected, and the laser light emitted from the second laser 2 is transmitted; in this way, the dichroic mirror 5 can reflect the laser light emitted from the first laser 1 to the oscillating mirror 6, and the laser light emitted from the second laser 2 can reach the oscillating mirror 6 through the dichroic mirror 5. Alternatively, referring to fig. 3, the dichroic mirror 5 reflects the laser light emitted from the second laser 2 and transmits the laser light emitted from the first laser 1; in this way, the dichroic mirror 5 reflects the laser light emitted from the second laser 2 to the oscillating mirror 6, and the laser light emitted from the first laser 1 transmits through the dichroic mirror 5 to reach the oscillating mirror 6.

Referring to fig. 1, the dichroic mirror 5 is arranged at a first specified angle, such as a 45 ° angle, to the horizontal. A mirror 8 is arranged between the second collimating unit 4 and the dichroic mirror 5. The reflecting mirror 8 functions as a light path turning mirror, and reflects the laser light emitted from the second collimating unit 4 to the dichroic mirror 5. A second designated included angle formed by the reflector 8 and the horizontal direction is equal to the first designated included angle, so that the laser energy emitted by the first laser 1 and the laser emitted by the second laser 2 are combined into a beam of combined laser 200 to be transmitted forwards.

In other embodiments, the reflecting mirror 8 may be located between the first collimating unit 3 and the dichroic mirror 5, and reflects the laser light emitted from the first collimating unit 3 to the dichroic mirror 5.

In other embodiments, the mirror 8 is optional, such as the second collimating unit 4 directly propagating the laser light to the dichroic mirror 5.

The metal of the present embodiment has an absorption rate of the laser light emitted from the first laser 1 that becomes larger as the temperature increases. In addition, the metal of the present embodiment has a higher absorptivity to the laser light emitted from the second laser 2 than the laser light emitted from the first laser 1.

The laser beam emitted by the second laser 2 heats the metal of the present embodiment, and does not melt the metal of the present embodiment. The laser light emitted by the first laser 1 melts the metal of the present embodiment. The second laser 2 mainly functions to heat a material, that is, a metal, and the absorption rate of the metal to laser light, for example, infrared light, emitted by the first laser 1 is increased after the metal is heated, so that the laser light emitted by the first laser 1 is easily absorbed by the metal.

Referring to fig. 1, the laser light emitted from the first laser 1 passes through the first collimating unit 3 and then irradiates the reflecting surface 51 of the dichroic mirror 5; the laser light emitted by the second laser 2 passes through the second collimating unit 4 and irradiates the surface of the reflecting mirror 8, and is reflected to the transmission surface 52 of the dichroic mirror 5 by the reflecting mirror 8; the two laser beams are combined together through the dichroic mirror 5 and are transmitted forwards as a combined laser beam 200, wherein a light spot 20 of the laser beam emitted by the second laser 2 surrounds a light spot 10 of the laser beam emitted by the first laser 1; the combined laser 200 is irradiated to the galvanometer 6 and then to the field lens 7 to irradiate the metal on the scanning surface 300, thereby realizing 3D printing.

The reflectivity of metals such as copper, aluminum, gold, silver and the like to 1 micron laser generated by a conventional optical fiber laser (first laser 1) is very high, so that the 3D printing effect is very poor; however, these metals have a high absorption rate for short-wavelength laser light, and theoretically, a good 3D printing effect can be obtained. However, the laser light with a short wavelength such as blue LD (second laser 2) is a multimode laser light, and the beam quality is poor, so that it is difficult to perform fine printing.

Since the absorption rate of these metals varies with temperature, the absorption rate increases as the temperature of the metal is high, so that the 1 μm laser light generated by the fiber laser (first laser 1) is easily absorbed by the metal. This embodiment utilizes the combined action of two-wavelength lasers. The blue-light multimode laser emitted by the blue-light LD (second laser 2) is large in irradiation area, but does not melt metal powder, only the temperature of the metal powder is increased, the absorption rate of the metal powder to the 1um wavelength laser generated by the fiber laser (first laser 1) is increased, and the 1um laser generated by the fiber laser (first laser 1) can rapidly melt the metal powder, so that fine printing can be realized, and a better printing effect is achieved.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these substitutions and modifications should be considered to fall within the scope of the invention.