阅读说明：本技术 一种制冰机蒸发器电镀液、抗酸合金镀层及其电镀方法 (Electroplating liquid for ice maker evaporator, acid-resistant alloy coating and electroplating method thereof ) 是由 孙明远 于 2020-12-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种制冰机蒸发器电镀液、抗酸合金镀层及其电镀方法,电包括以下浓度的各组分：氯化镍220-320g/L、氟化氢铵40-55g/L、氯化亚锡40-50g/L、氯化铵25-40g/L,电镀液以电解方式,通过除油、酸洗、镀镍、活化、镀合金镀层、水洗及烘干步骤在制冰机蒸发器表面镀上一层合金镀层,合金镀层的厚度为15μm,合金镀层中锡和镍的质量百分比为65％：35％。(The invention discloses an electroplating liquid for an ice maker evaporator, an acid-resistant alloy coating and an electroplating method thereof, wherein the acid-resistant alloy coating comprises the following components in concentration: 320g/L of nickel chloride 220-: 35 percent.)

1. The electroplating solution for the evaporator of the ice maker is characterized by comprising the following components in concentration:

320g/L of nickel chloride 220-.

2. The ice making machine evaporator plating solution of claim 1 comprising the following concentrations of components:

270g/L of nickel chloride, 47g/L of ammonium bifluoride, 45g/L of stannous chloride, 32g/L of ammonium chloride and the balance of deionized water.

3. An ice-making machine evaporator plating solution as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the plating solution has a PH of 3-6.

4. An ice making machine evaporator acid-resistant alloy coating formed by using the plating solution as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein the acid-resistant alloy coating contains 65% by mass of tin and nickel: 35 percent, and the thickness of the acid-resistant alloy plating layer is 10-20 mu m.

5. An ice making machine evaporator acid resistant alloy coating according to claim 4, wherein the thickness of the acid resistant alloy coating is 15 μm.

6. The electroplating method for forming the acid-resistant alloy coating of the evaporator of the ice machine as claimed in claim 4 by using the electroplating solution as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, oil removal: adding sodium dodecyl sulfate into a 5 wt% NaOH solution to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the sodium dodecyl sulfate in the mixed solution is 2g/L, putting an ice machine evaporator serving as a substrate into the mixed solution, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution is 40 ℃, and cleaning the ice machine evaporator in the mixed solution for 10min to remove surface oil stains;

s2, washing with water 1: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s3, acid washing: pickling the evaporator of the ice machine in 15 wt% sulfuric acid solution at 40 deg.c to eliminate the oxide layer on the surface of the evaporator of the ice machine;

s4, washing with water 2: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s5, nickel plating: plating a layer of nickel on the surface of an evaporator of an ice maker in an electrolysis mode, wherein a direct-current power rectifier is adopted as a power supply during electrolysis;

s6, washing with water 3: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s7, activation: activating an evaporator of an ice machine by 10 wt% sulfuric acid solution;

s8, washing with water 4: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s9, plating an acid-resistant alloy plating layer: taking an evaporator of an ice maker as a cathode, taking a nickel plate as an anode, electrifying the electroplating solution for electrodeposition, and stirring the electroplating solution by air or the cathode in the electrodeposition processThe moving mode is that the deposition speed is 10-20 μm/h, the temperature of the electroplating solution is 60-75 ℃ during the electrodeposition of the electroplating solution, and the cathode current density is 1-3A/dm during the electrodeposition of the electroplating solution²；

S10, washing with water 5: after the electroplating solution is electrodeposited for 1 hour, taking out an evaporator of the ice machine, and cleaning three times by tap water;

s11, drying: and drying the washed ice machine evaporator at the drying temperature of 90 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of surface coatings of evaporators of ice machines, in particular to electroplating solution for evaporators of ice machines, an acid-resistant alloy coating and an electroplating method thereof.

Background

At present, the traditional ice maker evaporator on the market mostly adopts red copper tin soldering material to form the shape of the made ice cubes, and the surface of the ice maker evaporator adopts the traditional electroplated nickel or chemical nickel plating to carry out plating so as to achieve the metal corrosion prevention effect, but the traditional plating has the following defects:

(1) the ice making machine has the advantages that scale can be formed on the surface of the evaporator of the ice making machine in the long-time ice making process to influence the ice making speed, people often remove the scale on the surface of the evaporator of the ice making machine in an acid washing mode, a traditional nickel plating layer can be corroded to blacken in the acid washing process, a large number of nickel ions are separated out, and under the condition, ice blocks made by the evaporator of the ice making machine can influence the health when the ice blocks are eaten.

(2) The traditional chemical nickel plating or electroplated nickel layer has high nickel content, the mass ratio is 90-100%, the corrosion resistance is poor, the color change resistance is poor, after the ice machine evaporator is used for a period of time, the plating layer on the surface begins to change color and gradually deepens to black, and the nickel precipitation is very easy to cause harm to the health of a human body.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an electroplating liquid for an evaporator of an ice maker, an acid-resistant alloy coating and an electroplating method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an electroplating solution for an evaporator of an ice maker comprises the following components in concentration:

320g/L of nickel chloride 220-.

Further, the electroplating solution for the evaporator of the ice making machine comprises the following components in concentration:

270g/L of nickel chloride, 47g/L of ammonium bifluoride, 45g/L of stannous chloride, 32g/L of ammonium chloride and the balance of deionized water.

Further, the pH value of the electroplating solution is 3-6.

An acid-resistant alloy coating for an ice machine evaporator, wherein the acid-resistant alloy coating comprises 65% of tin and nickel by mass: 35 percent, and the thickness of the acid-resistant alloy plating layer is 10-20 mu m.

Further, the thickness of the acid-resistant alloy plating layer is 15 μm.

An electroplating method of an acid-resistant alloy coating of an ice maker evaporator comprises the following steps:

s1, oil removal: adding sodium dodecyl sulfate into a 5 wt% NaOH solution to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the sodium dodecyl sulfate in the mixed solution is 2g/L, putting an ice machine evaporator serving as a substrate into the mixed solution, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution is 40 ℃, and cleaning the ice machine evaporator in the mixed solution for 10min to remove surface oil stains;

s2, washing with water 1: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s3, acid washing: pickling the evaporator of the ice machine in 15 wt% sulfuric acid solution at 40 deg.c to eliminate the oxide layer on the surface of the evaporator of the ice machine;

s4, washing with water 2: tap water washing three times

S5, nickel plating: plating a layer of nickel on the surface of an evaporator of an ice maker in an electrolysis mode, wherein a direct-current power rectifier is adopted as a power supply during electrolysis;

s6, washing with water 3: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s7, activation: activating an evaporator of an ice machine by 10 wt% sulfuric acid solution;

s8, washing with water 4: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s9, plating an acid-resistant alloy plating layer: taking the evaporator of the ice maker as a cathode, taking a nickel plate as an anode, electrifying the electroplating solution for electrodeposition, stirring the electroplating solution in an air stirring or cathode moving mode in the electrodeposition process, wherein the deposition speed is 10-20 mu m/h, the temperature of the electroplating solution during electrodeposition of the electroplating solution is 60-75 ℃, and the current density of the cathode during electrodeposition of the electroplating solution is 1-3A/dm²；

S10, washing with water 5: after the electroplating solution is electrodeposited for 1 hour, taking out an evaporator of the ice machine, and cleaning three times by tap water;

s11, drying: and drying the washed ice machine evaporator at the drying temperature of 90 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) by adopting the electroplating solution and the alloy coating obtained by electroplating the prepared electroplating solution, the nickel content in the alloy coating is greatly reduced, the nickel content is greatly reduced in food application, harmful pollution of edible ice is avoided, and the electroplating solution is environment-friendly and safe.

(2) The ice machine evaporator has the advantages of color change resistance and corrosion resistance enhancement, the service life of the ice machine evaporator is prolonged, and the cost is saved.

(3) The evaporator of the ice machine can be relieved to wash the surface scale through acid washing, and the discoloration and falling of the alloy plating layer on the surface and the nickel ion precipitation caused by acid washing are avoided.

Detailed Description

The invention is illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.

Example 1

An electroplating solution for an evaporator of an ice maker comprises the following components in concentration:

320g/L of nickel chloride, 55g/L of ammonium bifluoride, 50g/L of stannous chloride, 40g/L of ammonium chloride and the balance of deionized water, wherein the pH value of the electroplating solution is 3.

The preparation method of the electroplating solution comprises the following steps: taking deionized water as a solvent, and sequentially adding ammonium bifluoride, stannous chloride, nickel chloride and ammonium chloride into the deionized water until the ammonium bifluoride, the stannous chloride, the nickel chloride and the ammonium chloride are completely dissolved;

an acid-resistant alloy coating for an ice machine evaporator, wherein the acid-resistant alloy coating comprises 65% of tin and nickel by mass: 35% and the thickness of the acid-resistant alloy coating is 10 mu m.

An electroplating method of an acid-resistant alloy coating of an ice maker evaporator comprises the following steps:

s1, oil removal: adding sodium dodecyl sulfate into a 5 wt% NaOH solution to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the sodium dodecyl sulfate in the mixed solution is 2g/L, putting an ice machine evaporator serving as a substrate into the mixed solution, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution is 40 ℃, and cleaning the ice machine evaporator in the mixed solution for 10min to remove surface oil stains;

s2, washing with water 1: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s3, acid washing: pickling the evaporator of the ice machine in 15 wt% sulfuric acid solution at 40 deg.c to eliminate the oxide layer on the surface of the evaporator of the ice machine;

s4, washing with water 2: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s5, nickel plating: plating a layer of nickel on the surface of an evaporator of an ice maker in an electrolysis mode, wherein a direct-current power rectifier is adopted as a power supply during electrolysis;

s6, washing with water 3: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s7, activation: activating an evaporator of an ice machine by 10 wt% sulfuric acid solution;

s8, washing with water 4: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s9, plating an acid-resistant alloy plating layer: taking an evaporator of an ice machine as a cathode, taking a nickel plate as an anode, electrifying the electroplating solution for electrodeposition, stirring the electroplating solution in an air stirring or cathode moving mode in the electrodeposition process, wherein the deposition speed is 10 mu m/h, the temperature of the electroplating solution in the electrodeposition process of the electroplating solution is 60 ℃, and the current density of the cathode in the electrodeposition process of the electroplating solution is 1A/dm²；

S10, washing with water 5: after the electroplating solution is electrodeposited for 1 hour, taking out an evaporator of the ice machine, and cleaning three times by tap water;

s11, drying: and drying the washed ice machine evaporator at the drying temperature of 90 ℃.

Example 2

An electroplating solution for an evaporator of an ice maker comprises the following components in concentration:

270g/L of nickel chloride, 47g/L of ammonium bifluoride, 45g/L of stannous chloride, 32g/L of ammonium chloride and the balance of deionized water, wherein the pH value of the electroplating solution is 4.5.

The preparation method of the electroplating solution comprises the following steps: taking deionized water as a solvent, and sequentially adding ammonium bifluoride, stannous chloride, nickel chloride and ammonium chloride into the deionized water until the ammonium bifluoride, the stannous chloride, the nickel chloride and the ammonium chloride are completely dissolved;

an acid-resistant alloy coating for an ice machine evaporator, wherein the acid-resistant alloy coating comprises 65% of tin and nickel by mass: 35% and the thickness of the acid-resistant alloy coating is 15 mu m.

An electroplating method of an acid-resistant alloy coating of an ice maker evaporator comprises the following steps:

s1, oil removal: adding sodium dodecyl sulfate into a 5 wt% NaOH solution to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the sodium dodecyl sulfate in the mixed solution is 2g/L, putting an ice machine evaporator serving as a substrate into the mixed solution, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution is 40 ℃, and cleaning the ice machine evaporator in the mixed solution for 10min to remove surface oil stains;

s2, washing with water 1: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s3, acid washing: pickling the evaporator of the ice machine in 15 wt% sulfuric acid solution at 40 deg.c to eliminate the oxide layer on the surface of the evaporator of the ice machine;

s4, washing with water 2: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s5, nickel plating: plating a layer of nickel on the surface of an evaporator of an ice maker in an electrolysis mode, wherein a direct-current power rectifier is adopted as a power supply during electrolysis;

s6, washing with water 3: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s7, activation: activating an evaporator of an ice machine by 10 wt% sulfuric acid solution;

s8, washing with water 4: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s9, plating an acid-resistant alloy plating layer: taking an evaporator of an ice maker as a cathode, taking a nickel plate as an anode, electrifying the electroplating solution for electrodeposition, stirring the electroplating solution in an air stirring or cathode moving mode in the electrodeposition process, wherein the deposition speed is 15 mu m/h, the temperature of the electroplating solution in the electrodeposition process of the electroplating solution is 68 ℃, and the current density of the cathode in the electrodeposition process of the electroplating solution is 2A/dm²；

S10, washing with water 5: after the electroplating solution is electrodeposited for 1 hour, taking out an evaporator of the ice machine, and cleaning three times by tap water;

s11, drying: and drying the washed ice machine evaporator at the drying temperature of 90 ℃.

Example 3

An electroplating solution for an evaporator of an ice maker comprises the following components in concentration:

320g/L of nickel chloride, 55g/L of ammonium bifluoride, 50g/L of stannous chloride, 40g/L of ammonium chloride and the balance of deionized water, wherein the pH value of the electroplating solution is 6.

The preparation method of the electroplating solution comprises the following steps: taking deionized water as a solvent, and sequentially adding ammonium bifluoride, stannous chloride, nickel chloride and ammonium chloride into the deionized water until the ammonium bifluoride, the stannous chloride, the nickel chloride and the ammonium chloride are completely dissolved;

an acid-resistant alloy coating for an ice machine evaporator, wherein the acid-resistant alloy coating comprises 65% of tin and nickel by mass: 35% and the thickness of the acid-resistant alloy coating is 20 mu m.

An electroplating method of an acid-resistant alloy coating of an ice maker evaporator comprises the following steps:

s1, oil removal: adding sodium dodecyl sulfate into a 5 wt% NaOH solution to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the sodium dodecyl sulfate in the mixed solution is 2g/L, putting an ice machine evaporator serving as a substrate into the mixed solution, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution is 40 ℃, and cleaning the ice machine evaporator in the mixed solution for 10min to remove surface oil stains;

s2, washing with water 1: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s3, acid washing: pickling the evaporator of the ice machine in 15 wt% sulfuric acid solution at 40 deg.c to eliminate the oxide layer on the surface of the evaporator of the ice machine;

s4, washing with water 2: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s5, nickel plating: plating a layer of nickel on the surface of an evaporator of an ice maker in an electrolysis mode, wherein a direct-current power rectifier is adopted as a power supply during electrolysis;

s6, washing with water 3: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s7, activation: activating an evaporator of an ice machine by 10 wt% sulfuric acid solution;

s8, washing with water 4: tap water is used for cleaning three times to further clean the surface of the evaporator of the ice maker;

s9, plating an acid-resistant alloy plating layer: taking an evaporator of an ice maker as a cathode, taking a nickel plate as an anode, electrifying the electroplating solution for electrodeposition, stirring the electroplating solution in an air stirring or cathode moving mode in the electrodeposition process, wherein the deposition speed is 20 mu m/h, the temperature of the electroplating solution in the electrodeposition process of the electroplating solution is 75 ℃, and the current density of the cathode in the electrodeposition process of the electroplating solution is 3A/dm²；

S10, washing with water 5: after the electroplating solution is electrodeposited for 1 hour, taking out an evaporator of the ice machine, and cleaning three times by tap water;

s11, drying: and drying the washed ice machine evaporator at the drying temperature of 90 ℃.

The method for testing the acid resistance of the alloy coating on the surface of the evaporator of the ice machine comprises the following steps:

respectively dripping 98% concentrated nitric acid on the acid-resistant alloy plating layer and the traditional plating layer prepared in the three embodiments of the invention in a dripping mode, observing the color change of the alloy plating layer and the traditional plating layer within 1 hour, and showing the acid resistance test results of the acid-resistant alloy plating layer and the traditional plating layer in table 1;

the traditional coating comprises the following components in concentration: 40-550g/L of nickel chloride, 250g/L of nickel sulfate, 40-50g/L of boric acid, 1-5mg/L of brightener PME and the balance of deionized water.

The traditional plating method comprises the following steps:

taking an evaporator of an ice maker as a cathode, taking a nickel plate as an anode, electrifying the electroplating solution for electrodeposition, stirring the electroplating solution in an air stirring or cathode moving mode in the electrodeposition process, wherein the deposition speed is 12-18 mu m/h, the temperature of the electroplating solution during electrodeposition of the electroplating solution is 45-55 ℃, and the current density of the cathode during electrodeposition of the electroplating solution is 1-3A/dm²；

TABLE 1 acid-resistant alloy coating and conventional coating acid resistance test results

Test object	Test results
		Example 1	No change in color
Example 2	No change in color
		Example 3	No change in color
Conventional coating	After 5 seconds the colour begins to change and gradually deepens to dissolve

Tests prove that the electroplating solution disclosed by the invention is used for electroplating an alloy coating on the surface of an evaporator of an ice maker in an electrolysis mode, the surface color of the alloy coating is unchanged within 1 hour, the traditional coating starts to change color, blacken and dissolve gradually after 5 seconds, and the alloy coating disclosed by the invention is proved to have stronger acid resistance and corrosion resistance.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating and not limiting the technical solutions of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all modifications or partial substitutions should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.