阅读说明：本技术 带有消防灭火功能的锂离子电池及其管理系统和控制方法 (Lithium ion battery with fire-fighting and extinguishing function and management system and control method thereof ) 是由 尚德华 杨泽乾 于 2020-06-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：公开了一种带有消防灭火功能的锂离子电池及其管理系统和控制方法。本申请一实施例中,带有消防灭火功能的锂离子电池,包括：电池本体和微型灭火装置,所述电池本体包括外壳、盖板和设有防爆阀的电芯,所述微型灭火装置安装在所述盖板内部且遮住所述防爆阀的至少一半。本申请实施例可以在锂离子电池发生热失控或有着火风险之时第一时间进行灭火,从而在单体电池起火爆炸之前留出充足的时间以便采取必要措施,同时保障相应电池包中其他部分及其所属设备的安全,减少因锂离子电池热失控而导致其他电池及其所属设备而报废的情况,降低成本。(A lithium ion battery with fire-fighting function and its management system and control method are disclosed. In an embodiment of this application, lithium ion battery with fire control function includes: battery body and miniature extinguishing device, battery body includes shell, apron and is equipped with the electric core of explosion-proof valve, miniature extinguishing device installs inside just hiding of apron at least half of explosion-proof valve. The embodiment of the application can extinguish a fire in the first time when the lithium ion battery is out of control thermally or has a fire risk, so that sufficient time is reserved before a single battery is exploded by fire so as to take necessary measures, meanwhile, the safety of other parts and equipment of the other parts in the corresponding battery pack is guaranteed, the condition that other batteries and equipment of the other batteries are scrapped due to the thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery is reduced, and the cost is reduced.)

1. A lithium ion battery with a fire-fighting function, comprising:

the battery body comprises a shell, a cover plate and a battery cell provided with an explosion-proof valve;

and the miniature fire extinguishing device is arranged inside the cover plate and covers at least half of the explosion-proof valve.

2. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the micro fire extinguishing device is a glass tube with a liquid inside, the liquid being a compressed inert liquid gas or a cooling liquid.

3. The lithium ion battery of claim 2, wherein the glass tube is secured inside the cover plate by a mounting fixture.

4. The lithium ion battery of claim 3, wherein the mounting fixture has a force application needle, the glass tube is provided with a crush fracture point, and the crush fracture point on the glass tube is opposite the force application needle on the mounting fixture.

5. A management system for a lithium ion battery, comprising:

the temperature sensor is arranged on the lithium ion battery and is configured to monitor the temperature of the lithium ion battery in real time and report the temperature to the controller;

the controller is configured to determine whether the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets a preset thermal runaway condition or not, and control a micro fire extinguishing device in the lithium ion battery to extinguish fire and reduce the temperature of the lithium ion battery when the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets the thermal runaway condition.

6. The battery management system of claim 5, further comprising: the alarm is electrically connected with the controller;

the controller is also configured to control the alarm to send out an alarm signal when the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets a preset thermal runaway condition.

7. The battery management system according to claim 5, wherein the micro fire extinguishing device is a glass tube filled with liquid therein, and the glass tube is fixed inside a cover plate of the battery pack by a mounting fixture;

the controller is configured to control a force application needle of an installation clamp of the miniature fire extinguishing device to extrude an extrusion fracture point on the glass tube when the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets the thermal runaway condition so as to crack the glass tube, release the liquid, convert the liquid into gas to cool and insulate oxygen, and accordingly extinguish the fire and cool the lithium ion battery.

8. A control method of a lithium ion battery with a fire-fighting function according to claim 1, comprising:

monitoring the temperature of the lithium ion battery in real time;

determining whether the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets a preset thermal runaway condition; and

and when the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets the thermal runaway condition, controlling a miniature fire extinguishing device in the lithium ion battery to extinguish the fire and cool the lithium ion battery.

9. The control method according to claim 8, wherein the micro fire extinguishing device is a glass tube filled with liquid therein, and the glass tube is fixed inside a cover plate of the battery pack by a mounting fixture;

when lithium ion battery's temperature satisfies preset thermal runaway condition, control miniature extinguishing device is right lithium ion battery puts out a fire the cooling, include: when the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets the preset thermal runaway condition, the force application needle of the mounting fixture is controlled to extrude the extrusion fracture point on the glass tube so as to crack the glass tube, the liquid is released, and the liquid is converted into gas to cool and isolate oxygen so as to complete the fire extinguishing and cooling of the lithium ion battery.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a lithium ion battery with a fire-fighting function, a management system and a control method thereof.

Background

Because the lithium ion battery has the advantages of large specific capacity, long cycle life, light weight, higher performance and the like, the lithium ion battery is extended to the fields of traffic power, energy storage, communication, robots and the like from the digital 3C field, and is more and more widely applied. However, as the performance requirements of the lithium ion battery are higher and higher, the safety factor is more and more prominent. Generally, under abnormal conditions such as overcharge, overdischarge and internal short circuit, thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery is easy to occur, further combustion and even explosion are caused, and casualties or property loss is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, it is desirable to provide a lithium ion battery with a fire extinguishing function, a management system and a control method thereof, which can not only leave enough time for taking necessary measures before a single battery is ignited and exploded, but also ensure the safety of other parts and devices belonging to the battery pack, reduce the situation that other batteries and devices belonging to the batteries are scrapped due to thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery, and reduce the cost.

According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a lithium ion battery with a fire extinguishing function for fire protection, including: the battery body comprises a shell, a cover plate and a battery cell provided with an explosion-proof valve; and the miniature fire extinguishing device is arranged inside the cover plate and covers at least half of the explosion-proof valve.

In some examples, the micro fire extinguishing device is a glass tube with liquid inside, and the liquid is compressed inert liquid gas or cooling liquid.

In some examples, the glass tube is secured inside the cover plate by a mounting fixture.

In some examples, the mounting fixture has a force application needle, the glass tube has a crush fracture point thereon, and the crush fracture point on the glass tube is opposite the force application needle on the mounting fixture.

According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a management system of a lithium ion battery, including:

the temperature sensor is arranged on the lithium ion battery and is configured to monitor the temperature of the lithium ion battery in real time and report the temperature to the controller;

the controller is configured to determine whether the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets a preset thermal runaway condition or not, and control a micro fire extinguishing device in the lithium ion battery to extinguish fire and reduce the temperature of the lithium ion battery when the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets the thermal runaway condition.

In some examples, the battery management system further comprises: the alarm is electrically connected with the controller;

the controller is also configured to control the alarm to send out an alarm signal when the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets a preset thermal runaway condition.

In some examples, the miniature fire extinguishing device is a glass tube filled with liquid inside, and the glass tube is fixed inside a cover plate of the battery pack through a mounting clamp; the controller is configured to control a force application needle of an installation clamp of the miniature fire extinguishing device to extrude an extrusion fracture point on the glass tube when the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets the thermal runaway condition so as to crack the glass tube, release the liquid, convert the liquid into gas to cool and insulate oxygen, and accordingly extinguish the fire and cool the lithium ion battery.

According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a control method of a lithium ion battery, where the lithium ion battery is the lithium ion battery with a fire-fighting function as described above, the control method including:

monitoring the temperature of the lithium ion battery in real time;

determining whether the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets a preset thermal runaway condition; and

and when the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets the thermal runaway condition, controlling a miniature fire extinguishing device in the lithium ion battery to extinguish the fire and cool the lithium ion battery.

In some examples, the miniature fire extinguishing device is a glass tube filled with liquid inside, and the glass tube is fixed inside a cover plate of the battery pack through a mounting clamp; when lithium ion battery's temperature satisfies preset thermal runaway condition, control miniature extinguishing device is right lithium ion battery puts out a fire the cooling, include: when the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets the preset thermal runaway condition, the force application needle of the mounting fixture is controlled to extrude the extrusion fracture point on the glass tube so as to crack the glass tube, the liquid is released, and the liquid is converted into gas to cool and isolate oxygen so as to complete the fire extinguishing and cooling of the lithium ion battery.

In the embodiment of the application, the fire-fighting device is arranged inside the lithium ion battery, has high response speed, can extinguish fire at the first time when the lithium ion battery is out of control thermally or has a fire risk, and prevents the out of control thermally or the fire risk from spreading to other lithium ion batteries in the module or the packaging bag, so that sufficient time is reserved before the single battery is exploded to take necessary measures, meanwhile, the safety of other parts in the corresponding battery bag and the equipment to which the other parts belong is ensured, the condition that the other batteries and the equipment to which the other batteries belong are scrapped due to the out of control thermally of the lithium ion battery is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium ion battery with a fire-fighting function according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic layout of a miniature fire extinguishing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery management system of a lithium ion battery with a fire-fighting function in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a control method of a lithium ion battery with a fire-fighting function in an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals:

10. the lithium ion battery has a fire-fighting function; 11. a housing; 12. a cover plate; 13. an electric core; 14. an explosion-proof valve; 15. a miniature fire extinguishing device; 20. a glass tube; 21. installing a clamp; 30. a battery management system; 31. a temperature sensor; 32. a controller; 33. an alarm.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in the present application, the embodiments and the features thereof may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.

Fig. 1 shows an exemplary structure of a lithium ion battery with a fire extinguishing function for fire protection provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the lithium ion battery 10 with a fire extinguishing function for fire protection may include a battery body and a micro fire extinguishing device 15.

As shown in fig. 1, the battery body may include: the fire extinguishing device comprises a shell 11, a cover plate 12 and a battery cell 13, wherein an explosion-proof valve 14 is arranged on the battery cell 13, and a miniature fire extinguishing device 15 is arranged inside the cover plate 12 and covers at least half of the explosion-proof valve 14. By adopting the arrangement mode, under the condition that the lithium ion battery 10 is out of thermal runaway or has a fire risk, the internal gas rushes out through the explosion-proof valve 14 and directly impacts the miniature fire extinguishing device 15, so that the miniature fire extinguishing device 15 is started to extinguish fire and cool at the first time when the lithium ion battery is out of thermal runaway or has the fire risk, the thermal runaway or the fire risk of the lithium ion battery is prevented from spreading to other parts or environments, sufficient time can be reserved before the battery pack is ignited and exploded to take necessary measures, the safety of other parts or related equipment in the battery pack can be guaranteed, the condition that the equipment and other batteries are scrapped is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

The lithium ion battery provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to electric tools, small energy storage application scenes or other similar application scenes.

In practice, the miniature fire extinguishing device 15 may be fixed inside the cover plate 12 in a position that can cover half, two thirds, three quarters or all of the explosion-proof valve. The installation can be carried out according to the requirements.

In at least some embodiments, the micro fire suppression device 15 may be a glass tube 20 with a liquid inside, and the liquid inside the glass tube 20 may be, but is not limited to, a compressed inert liquid gas or a low boiling point coolant. The glass tube 20 may be a specially made glass tube that bursts when subjected to high temperatures or when subjected to certain external impacts. Like this, when miniature extinguishing device 15 sets up the position of covering lithium ion battery 10 explosion vent at least half, when lithium ion battery 10 had gaseous rush out or temperature rise certain degree because of thermal runaway or have the risk of catching fire, can cause glass tube 20 to break, liquid will release in the twinkling of an eye, and liquid turns into gas immediately, and cooling and isolated oxygen to realize lithium ion battery 10's the cooling of putting out a fire.

Fig. 2 shows an exemplary installation of the miniature fire extinguishing device 15 inside the cover plate 12 in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the main body of the miniature fire extinguishing device 15 is a glass tube 20 (e.g., a tailored glass tube), the glass tube 20 is fixed inside the cover plate 12 by a mounting fixture 21 and is located at a position capable of covering at least half of the explosion-proof valve 14, the glass tube 20 will burst when encountering high temperature or when encountering large external force impact, the compressed liquid inside the glass tube 20 will be released instantaneously, the liquid will be converted into gas immediately, and the gas is cooled and isolated, so as to extinguish the fire and cool the lithium ion battery.

In some examples, the installation jig 21 may have a force application needle (not shown), the glass tube 20 is provided with a press breaking point, and the press breaking point on the glass tube 20 is opposite to the force application needle on the installation jig 21. In this way, the glass tube 20 can be broken by actively controlling the force application needle, so as to extinguish the fire and reduce the temperature of the lithium ion battery 10. In this example, the force application pins of the mounting fixture may be controlled by a battery management system 30 external to the lithium ion battery 10. Specifically, when the battery management system 30 detects that the lithium ion battery 10 is in thermal runaway or has a safety risk such as fire, the force application needle of the mounting fixture 21 is controlled to press the extrusion fracture point of the glass tube 20, so that the glass tube 20 is cracked, the compressed liquid in the glass tube 20 is released instantly, the liquid is immediately converted into gas, and the gas is cooled and isolated from oxygen to extinguish the fire and cool the lithium ion battery 10. The details of the battery management system 30 and the control method thereof can be referred to the following description.

As can be seen from the above description, the micro fire extinguishing device 15 in the lithium ion battery 10 according to the embodiment of the present application may be mechanically opened, and not only may be opened by being pressed by the gas flushed from the anti-explosion valve 14 when the lithium ion battery 10 is out of thermal control or there is a risk of fire, but also the fire extinguishing and cooling function of the micro fire extinguishing device 15 may be intelligently started by monitoring the temperature of the lithium ion battery 10 through an external system such as the battery management system 30, so that the occurrence of control failure when there is a risk of fire may be effectively avoided, and the operation is safer and more reliable.

In the embodiment of the present application, the battery cell 13 in the battery body may be made of a positive plate, a negative plate, and a diaphragm by winding or negative plate, and is welded to the cover plate 12 through positive and negative electrode tabs.

An exemplary assembly process of the lithium ion battery 10 is described in detail below.

Firstly, a positive plate and a negative plate are manufactured, and the positive plate and the negative plate are manufactured through the working procedures of material preparation, coating, rolling and cutting.

Next, the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet, and the separator are wound or laminated to form the battery cell 13.

Thirdly, install miniature extinguishing device 15 on apron 12 to make miniature extinguishing device cover half of explosion-proof valve 14 on electric core 13, so that gas rush out explosion-proof valve 14 can cause the glass pipe among the miniature extinguishing device 15 to break when lithium ion battery 10 takes place the thermal runaway, and then put out a fire the cooling to lithium ion battery 10.

Fourthly, the battery cell 13 is welded on the cover plate 12 through the positive and negative electrode tabs.

Fifth, the battery cell 13 is put into a protective bag (not shown in fig. 1), put into the housing 11 after placing the stopper bracket, and cover-welded and sealed with the cover plate 12 and the housing 11.

And sixthly, filling the electrolyte into the battery with qualified moisture content, and standing after the electrolyte is filled in the battery.

Seventhly, the battery cell 13 after liquid injection is subjected to aging, formation, sealing, capacity grading, detection and other steps to prepare the lithium ion battery 10.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a battery management system 30 for managing and controlling the lithium ion battery 10. As shown in fig. 3, the battery management system 30 may include a temperature sensor 31 and a controller 32. In practical applications, the temperature sensor 31 may be disposed on the lithium ion battery 10, for example, fixed on the housing 11 (e.g., the heat dissipation area of the housing 11), and the controller 32 may control the force application pin of the mounting fixture in the lithium ion battery 10.

The temperature sensor 31 may be configured to monitor the temperature of the lithium ion battery in real time and report the temperature to the controller 32. The controller 32 may be configured to determine whether the temperature of the lithium ion battery 10 satisfies a thermal runaway condition set in advance, and control the micro fire extinguishing device 15 in the lithium ion battery 10 to extinguish a fire and reduce the temperature of the lithium ion battery 10 when the temperature of the lithium ion battery 10 satisfies the thermal runaway condition.

In at least some embodiments, the battery management system 30 can further include an alarm 33, which can be electrically connected to the controller 31. The controller 32 may also be configured to control the alarm to send an alarm signal when the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets a preset thermal runaway condition, so as to notify an external device or an operator of an abnormality of the lithium ion battery inside the battery pack 10, thereby taking an external fire-fighting measure in time, and ensuring the safety of the device to which the battery pack 10 belongs, the surrounding environment, and the safety of related personnel.

In practical applications, the alarm may include, but is not limited to, an alarm signal indicator (e.g., a speaker, a flashing light, etc.), a signal transmission module for transmitting alarm information to a designated external device, and the like. In practice, the alarm may be mounted on the outer side of the housing 11 of the battery 10.

Fig. 4 shows an exemplary control method of the lithium ion battery 10 in the embodiment of the present application, which is implemented by the battery management system 30 described above. As shown in fig. 4, the exemplary control method may include the steps of:

step S401, monitoring the temperature of the lithium ion battery;

in practical applications, the temperature sensor 31 disposed on the lithium ion battery 10 may detect the temperature of the lithium ion battery 10 in real time and report the detected temperature to the controller 32 of the battery management system 30.

Step S402, determining whether the temperature of the lithium ion battery 10 satisfies a preset thermal runaway condition;

in some examples, the thermal runaway condition may be preconfigured. For example, the thermal runaway condition may be a thermal runaway model that is pre-constructed and configured in the battery management system 30. The thermal runaway module may be constructed from characteristics, parameters, and historical data of the lithium ion battery 10 at which thermal runaway occurred. Specifically, any thermal runaway model applicable to the embodiment of the present application in the related art can be applied to the embodiment of the present application, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to which thermal runaway model is specifically adopted and the specific construction method of the thermal runaway model.

Step S403, when the temperature of the lithium ion battery 10 satisfies the thermal runaway condition, controlling the micro fire extinguishing device 15 in the lithium ion battery 10 to extinguish the fire and reduce the temperature of the lithium ion battery 10.

As described above, the micro fire extinguishing device 15 in the lithium ion battery 10 may be a glass tube with liquid filled inside, and the glass tube is fixed inside the cover plate of the battery pack by a mounting fixture. In step S403, when the temperature of the lithium ion battery meets the preset thermal runaway condition, the force application needle of the installation fixture is controlled to press the extrusion fracture point on the glass tube, so as to crack the glass tube, release the liquid, and convert the liquid into gas to cool and isolate oxygen, so as to complete the fire extinguishing and cooling of the lithium ion battery.

In some embodiments, after step S402, for example after, before, or simultaneously with step S402, the method may further include: when the temperature of the lithium ion battery is determined to meet the preset thermal runaway condition, the alarm is controlled to send out an alarm signal, so that external measures can be taken in time through external equipment and related personnel to carry out fire fighting and extinguishing.

Through the control method of the embodiment of the application, through the intelligent control on the miniature fire extinguishing device in the battery, the response speed block is realized, the miniature fire extinguishing device can be started to extinguish the fire and reduce the temperature of the lithium ion battery at the first time when the lithium ion battery is out of thermal control or has a fire risk, the thermal control or the fire risk is prevented from spreading to other lithium ion batteries in the battery pack, sufficient time can be reserved before the battery is subjected to fire and explosion so as to take necessary measures, the safety of part of lithium ion batteries which are not out of thermal control in the corresponding battery pack or related equipment applied to the battery pack can be guaranteed, the scrapped condition of the equipment is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.