阅读说明：本技术 一种汽车的刹车装置 (Brake device of automobile ) 是由 李华炜 李华鸿 于 2018-09-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于汽车刹车领域,尤其涉及一种汽车的刹车装置,它包括刹车机构、刹车盘、轮轴,其中刹车盘安装在汽车上的轮轴的一端；刹车机构固定安装在汽车车体上,且刹车机构与刹车盘相配合；汽车在刹车过程中,刹车片与刹车盘及的接触面积增大,使得刹车片和刹车盘的摩擦面上单位面积的摩擦力减小,刹车片和刹车盘的磨损得到有效控制,进而延长了刹车片及刹车盘的寿命；在刹车过程中,两个刹车片机构中的两个刹车片分别与刹车盘的两个端面接触并产生摩擦,从而使得刹车盘两个端面的受力均衡,避免刹车盘由于长期单侧受力而造成的损坏,延缓刹车盘更换周期,减低汽车制动系统的维护成本。(The invention belongs to the field of automobile brakes, and particularly relates to an automobile brake device, which comprises a brake mechanism, a brake disc and an axle, wherein the brake disc is arranged at one end of the axle on an automobile; the brake mechanism is fixedly arranged on the automobile body and matched with the brake disc; in the braking process of the automobile, the contact area between the brake pad and the brake disc is increased, so that the friction force per unit area on the friction surface of the brake pad and the brake disc is reduced, the abrasion of the brake pad and the brake disc is effectively controlled, and the service lives of the brake pad and the brake disc are prolonged; in the braking process, two brake pads in the two brake pad mechanisms are respectively contacted with two end faces of the brake disc and generate friction, so that the two end faces of the brake disc are stressed uniformly, the brake disc is prevented from being damaged due to long-term unilateral stress, the replacement period of the brake disc is delayed, and the maintenance cost of an automobile braking system is reduced.)

1. A brake device of an automobile is characterized in that: the brake disc is arranged at one end of the wheel shaft on the automobile; the brake mechanism is fixedly arranged on the automobile body and matched with the brake disc;

the brake mechanism comprises a fixed block, a positioning notch, a first trapezoidal sliding chute, a second trapezoidal sliding chute, a rack mechanism, a first gear, a connecting rod, a telescopic rod, a first reset spring, a brake pad mechanism, a connecting shaft, a star wheel, a connecting shaft hole, a ring groove, a tapered thread driving wheel, a first shaft, a worm wheel, a worm, a second shaft, a second gear, a second rack, a trapezoidal sliding strip, a third connecting block, a hydraulic column, a hydraulic cylinder, a third positioning block, a first positioning block, a second positioning block, a positioning plate, a positioning hole and a pin shaft, wherein the lower end face of the fixed block is provided with the positioning notch; two first trapezoidal sliding grooves are formed in the upper end face of the inner wall of the positioning notch and are perpendicular to two side faces of the inner wall of the positioning notch; the two first trapezoidal sliding grooves are symmetrical about the central plane of the positioning notch, and the two first trapezoidal sliding grooves are perpendicular to the central plane; the fixed block is fixedly arranged on the automobile body through the upper end surface of the fixed block; the brake disc is positioned in the positioning notch of the fixed block; a second trapezoidal sliding groove is formed in the lower end face of the fixed block and is perpendicular to the first trapezoidal sliding groove; the lower end face of the second rack is provided with teeth; the upper end surface of the second rack is provided with a trapezoidal sliding strip; the second rack is arranged on the lower end surface of the fixed block through the sliding fit of the trapezoidal sliding strip and the second trapezoidal sliding groove;

the pin shaft is arranged at the center of the upper end face of the positioning notch through one end of the pin shaft; the first gear is matched with a bearing on the outer circular surface of the pin shaft through a shaft hole on the first gear and is arranged on the pin shaft; the two rack mechanisms are arranged on the upper end surface of the positioning notch, and are centrosymmetric about the central axis of the first gear; the two rack mechanisms are matched with the first gear at the same time; two rack mechanisms are positioned on two sides of the brake disc in overlooking; the lower end of the rack mechanism positioned on one side of the brake disc far away from the second rack is provided with a connecting rod; the lower end of the connecting rod is provided with a brake pad mechanism which is matched with the brake disc; the brake block mechanism is connected with the inner wall of the positioning notch; the lower end of the rack mechanism which is not connected with the connecting rod is provided with a telescopic rod; the lower end of the telescopic rod is provided with another brake block mechanism which is matched with the brake disc; the brake block mechanism is connected with the inner wall of the positioning notch; the first return spring is nested at the outer side of the telescopic rod, and two ends of the first return spring are respectively connected with the corresponding rack mechanism and the corresponding brake pad mechanism; the two brake pad mechanisms are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the brake disc;

the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the brake pad mechanism through the upper end surface of the connecting shaft; a through connecting shaft hole is formed between the two end faces of the star wheel; a chute is arranged on the outer circular surface of the star wheel along the circumferential direction; the star wheel is arranged at the lower end of the connecting shaft in a matching way through a bearing between the connecting shaft hole and the outer circular surface of the connecting shaft; the first positioning block is provided with a shaft hole; the first positioning block is arranged on the inner wall of the positioning notch through one side end face of the first positioning block; the first shaft is arranged on the first positioning block in a matching way through a bearing between the outer circular surface of the upper end of the first shaft and the shaft hole on the first positioning block; the conical thread driving wheel is arranged on the first shaft in a matched mode through a key between a shaft hole in the conical thread driving wheel and the outer circular surface of the first shaft; the worm wheel is arranged on the first shaft in a matched mode through a key between a shaft hole in the worm wheel and the outer circular surface of the first shaft, and the worm wheel is positioned below the conical threaded driving wheel; the second positioning block is arranged on the inner wall of the positioning notch through one side end surface of the second positioning block; a through positioning hole is formed between the two side end faces of the positioning plate; the positioning plate is arranged on the lower end face of the second positioning block; one end of the second shaft penetrates through a positioning hole in the positioning plate; the second shaft is arranged on the positioning plate in a matching way through a bearing between the outer circular surface of the second shaft and the inner circular surface of the positioning hole; the worm and the second gear are respectively arranged at two ends of the second shaft; the worm is positioned in the positioning notch and meshed with the worm wheel; the second gear is meshed with the second rack; the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the side end face of the fixed block through a third positioning block; one end of the hydraulic column is inserted into the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the hydraulic column is fixedly connected with the side end face of the second rack through a third connecting block;

the rack mechanism comprises a trapezoidal sliding block, a first connecting block, a first rack, a rack positioning block and a rack sliding hole, wherein the trapezoidal sliding block is arranged on the upper end face of the first connecting block; the first connecting block is arranged on the upper end surface of the positioning notch through the sliding fit of the trapezoidal sliding block and a first trapezoidal sliding groove; the first rack is arranged on the side end face of the first connecting block through one end of the first rack; a through rack sliding hole is formed between two opposite side end faces of the rack positioning block; the rack positioning block is arranged on the upper end surface of the positioning notch through the upper end surface of the rack positioning block; one end of the first rack, which is not connected with the first connecting block, penetrates through a rack sliding hole in the rack positioning block and is meshed with the first gear; the upper end surface of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the corresponding first connecting block; the upper end surface of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the corresponding first connecting block;

the brake pad mechanism comprises a second connecting block, a second return spring, a telescopic outer sleeve, a key groove, a telescopic column, a key, a buffer spring and a brake pad, wherein the upper end face of the second connecting block in the brake pad mechanism connected with the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the connecting rod; the upper end surface of a second connecting block in the brake block mechanism connected with the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the telescopic rod; two key grooves are uniformly formed in the inner circular surface of the telescopic outer sleeve in the circumferential direction; the two telescopic jackets are symmetrically arranged on two opposite side end faces of the second connecting block; a second reset spring is arranged on the end face of one side of the second connecting block which is not connected with the telescopic outer sleeve; one end of the second return spring is connected with the side end face of the second connecting block, and the other end of the second return spring is connected with the inner wall of the positioning notch; two keys are uniformly arranged on the outer circular surface of one end of the telescopic column in the circumferential direction; the two telescopic columns are respectively arranged in the two telescopic outer sleeves through the sliding fit of the keys and the key grooves; the two buffer springs are respectively positioned in the two telescopic outer sleeves; one end of each buffer spring is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding telescopic outer sleeve, and the other end of each buffer spring is connected with the end face of the corresponding telescopic column; one end of each telescopic column is provided with a brake pad; one ends of the two telescopic columns, which are not inserted into the corresponding telescopic jackets, are fixedly connected with the brake pad at the same time; the brake pad is matched with the brake disc; the lower end face of a second connecting block connected with the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the connecting shaft; the upper end surface of a second connecting block in the brake pad mechanism connected with the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the connecting rod; the upper end surface of a second connecting block in the brake block mechanism connected with the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the telescopic rod; one end of each first return spring is connected with the lower end face of the corresponding first connecting block, and the other end of each first return spring is connected with the upper end face of the corresponding second connecting block;

the first return spring is an extension spring;

the second return spring is an extension spring;

the buffer spring is a compression spring;

the hydraulic cylinder is connected with a brake master cylinder on an automobile through a hydraulic pipe.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of automobile brakes, and particularly relates to a brake device of an automobile.

Background

The traditional braking technology at present is to realize the braking effect of an automobile by pushing a brake pad to be in contact with a brake disc through a hydraulic system to rub; in the braking process, the whole brake pad always participates in friction, and an annular area on the brake disc, which generates friction with the brake pad, is always unchanged; the structure leads to serious local abrasion of the brake disc, the whole abrasion speed of the brake pad is accelerated, and the frequency of replacing the brake pad is increased, thereby seriously shortening the service life of the brake pad and the brake disc and increasing the maintenance cost of the automobile.

The invention designs a brake device of an automobile to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a brake device of an automobile, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.

A brake device of an automobile is characterized in that: the brake disc is arranged at one end of the wheel shaft on the automobile; the brake mechanism is fixedly arranged on the automobile body and matched with the brake disc.

The brake mechanism comprises a fixed block, a positioning notch, a first trapezoidal sliding chute, a second trapezoidal sliding chute, a rack mechanism, a first gear, a connecting rod, a telescopic rod, a first reset spring, a brake pad mechanism, a connecting shaft, a star wheel, a connecting shaft hole, a ring groove, a tapered thread driving wheel, a first shaft, a worm wheel, a worm, a second shaft, a second gear, a second rack, a trapezoidal sliding strip, a third connecting block, a hydraulic column, a hydraulic cylinder, a third positioning block, a first positioning block, a second positioning block, a positioning plate, a positioning hole and a pin shaft, wherein the lower end face of the fixed block is provided with the positioning notch; two first trapezoidal sliding grooves are formed in the upper end face of the inner wall of the positioning notch and are perpendicular to two side faces of the inner wall of the positioning notch; the two first trapezoidal sliding grooves are symmetrical about the central plane of the positioning notch, and the two first trapezoidal sliding grooves are perpendicular to the central plane; the fixed block is fixedly arranged on the automobile body through the upper end surface of the fixed block; the brake disc is positioned in the positioning notch of the fixed block; a second trapezoidal sliding groove is formed in the lower end face of the fixed block and is perpendicular to the first trapezoidal sliding groove; the lower end face of the second rack is provided with teeth; the upper end surface of the second rack is provided with a trapezoidal sliding strip; the second rack is arranged on the lower end face of the fixed block through the sliding fit of the trapezoidal sliding strip and the second trapezoidal sliding groove.

The pin shaft is arranged at the center of the upper end face of the positioning notch through one end of the pin shaft; the first gear is matched with a bearing on the outer circular surface of the pin shaft through a shaft hole on the first gear and is arranged on the pin shaft; the two rack mechanisms are arranged on the upper end surface of the positioning notch, and are centrosymmetric about the central axis of the first gear; the two rack mechanisms are matched with the first gear at the same time; two rack mechanisms are positioned on two sides of the brake disc in overlooking; the lower end of the rack mechanism positioned on one side of the brake disc far away from the second rack is provided with a connecting rod; the lower end of the connecting rod is provided with a brake pad mechanism which is matched with the brake disc; the brake block mechanism is connected with the inner wall of the positioning notch; the lower end of the rack mechanism which is not connected with the connecting rod is provided with a telescopic rod; the lower end of the telescopic rod is provided with another brake block mechanism which is matched with the brake disc; the brake block mechanism is connected with the inner wall of the positioning notch; the first return spring is nested at the outer side of the telescopic rod, and two ends of the first return spring are respectively connected with the corresponding rack mechanism and the corresponding brake pad mechanism; the two brake pad mechanisms are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the brake disc.

The connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the brake pad mechanism through the upper end surface of the connecting shaft; a through connecting shaft hole is formed between the two end faces of the star wheel; a chute is arranged on the outer circular surface of the star wheel along the circumferential direction; the star wheel is arranged at the lower end of the connecting shaft in a matching way through a bearing between the connecting shaft hole and the outer circular surface of the connecting shaft; the first positioning block is provided with a shaft hole; the first positioning block is arranged on the inner wall of the positioning notch through one side end face of the first positioning block; the first shaft is arranged on the first positioning block in a matching way through a bearing between the outer circular surface of the upper end of the first shaft and the shaft hole on the first positioning block; the conical thread driving wheel is arranged on the first shaft in a matched mode through a key between a shaft hole in the conical thread driving wheel and the outer circular surface of the first shaft; the worm wheel is arranged on the first shaft in a matched mode through a key between a shaft hole in the worm wheel and the outer circular surface of the first shaft, and the worm wheel is positioned below the conical threaded driving wheel; the second positioning block is arranged on the inner wall of the positioning notch through one side end surface of the second positioning block; a through positioning hole is formed between the two side end faces of the positioning plate; the positioning plate is arranged on the lower end face of the second positioning block; one end of the second shaft penetrates through a positioning hole in the positioning plate; the second shaft is arranged on the positioning plate in a matching way through a bearing between the outer circular surface of the second shaft and the inner circular surface of the positioning hole; the worm and the second gear are respectively arranged at two ends of the second shaft; the worm is positioned in the positioning notch and meshed with the worm wheel; the second gear is meshed with the second rack; the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the side end face of the fixed block through a third positioning block; one end of the hydraulic column is inserted into the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the hydraulic column is fixedly connected with the side end face of the second rack through a third connecting block.

The rack mechanism comprises a trapezoidal sliding block, a first connecting block, a first rack, a rack positioning block and a rack sliding hole, wherein the trapezoidal sliding block is arranged on the upper end face of the first connecting block; the first connecting block is arranged on the upper end surface of the positioning notch through the sliding fit of the trapezoidal sliding block and a first trapezoidal sliding groove; the first rack is arranged on the side end face of the first connecting block through one end of the first rack; a through rack sliding hole is formed between two opposite side end faces of the rack positioning block; the rack positioning block is arranged on the upper end surface of the positioning notch through the upper end surface of the rack positioning block; one end of the first rack, which is not connected with the first connecting block, penetrates through a rack sliding hole in the rack positioning block and is meshed with the first gear; the upper end surface of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the corresponding first connecting block; the upper end face of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the corresponding first connecting block.

The brake pad mechanism comprises a second connecting block, a second return spring, a telescopic outer sleeve, a key groove, a telescopic column, a key, a buffer spring and a brake pad, wherein the upper end face of the second connecting block in the brake pad mechanism connected with the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the connecting rod; the upper end surface of a second connecting block in the brake block mechanism connected with the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the telescopic rod; two key grooves are uniformly formed in the inner circular surface of the telescopic outer sleeve in the circumferential direction; the two telescopic jackets are symmetrically arranged on two opposite side end faces of the second connecting block; a second reset spring is arranged on the end face of one side of the second connecting block which is not connected with the telescopic outer sleeve; one end of the second return spring is connected with the side end face of the second connecting block, and the other end of the second return spring is connected with the inner wall of the positioning notch; two keys are uniformly arranged on the outer circular surface of one end of the telescopic column in the circumferential direction; the two telescopic columns are respectively arranged in the two telescopic outer sleeves through the sliding fit of the keys and the key grooves; the two buffer springs are respectively positioned in the two telescopic outer sleeves; one end of each buffer spring is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding telescopic outer sleeve, and the other end of each buffer spring is connected with the end face of the corresponding telescopic column; one end of each telescopic column is provided with a brake pad; one ends of the two telescopic columns, which are not inserted into the corresponding telescopic jackets, are fixedly connected with the brake pad at the same time; the brake pad is matched with the brake disc; the lower end face of a second connecting block connected with the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the connecting shaft; the upper end surface of a second connecting block in the brake pad mechanism connected with the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the connecting rod; the upper end surface of a second connecting block in the brake block mechanism connected with the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the telescopic rod; one end of the first reset spring is connected with the lower end face of the corresponding first connecting block, and the other end of the first reset spring is connected with the upper end face of the corresponding second connecting block.

As a further improvement of the present technology, the first return spring is an extension spring.

As a further improvement of the present technology, the second return spring is an extension spring.

As a further improvement of the present technology, the buffer spring is a compression spring.

As a further improvement of the technology, the hydraulic cylinder is connected with a brake master cylinder on the automobile through a hydraulic pipe.

The design purpose of the matching of the conical thread driving wheel and the star wheel is that when the automobile needs to be braked in the advancing process, a driver steps on a brake pedal; the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder pushes the hydraulic column to slide outwards; the hydraulic column drives the worm to rotate through a third connecting block, a rack, a gear and a second shaft; the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate; the worm wheel drives the conical thread driving wheel to rotate through the first shaft; the star wheel moves along the conical thread driving wheel and the conical thread driving wheel relatively; the radius of the conical thread is sharply reduced from top to bottom, so that the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move downwards and drives the star wheel to transversely move towards the direction of the brake disc; the star wheel drives the corresponding brake pad to transversely move towards the brake disc through the connecting shaft, the second connecting block, the corresponding telescopic outer sleeve and the corresponding telescopic column and simultaneously moves towards the center of the brake disc along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc; the respective second return springs are stretched; the corresponding second connecting blocks drive the corresponding first connecting blocks to transversely slide along the corresponding first trapezoidal sliding grooves towards the direction of the brake disc through the telescopic rods; a first connecting block in a rack mechanism connected with the telescopic rod drives a first gear to rotate through a corresponding first rack; the first gear drives a first rack in a rack mechanism connected with the connecting rod to slide along the corresponding positioning hole; a first rack in a rack mechanism connected with the connecting rod drives a corresponding brake pad to approach a brake disc through a corresponding first connecting block, the connecting rod, a second connecting block, a telescopic outer sleeve and a telescopic column; the brake pads in the two brake pad mechanisms move oppositely and simultaneously move towards the brake disc; continuously treading the brake pedal, wherein the brake pads in the two brake pad mechanisms are respectively contacted with the two end surfaces of the brake disc to generate friction; the contact area between the brake pad and the brake disc in the brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod is gradually increased, the pressure born by the unit area of the contact part between the brake pad and the brake disc in the brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod is reduced, the relative abrasion between the brake pad and the brake disc in the brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod is weakened, and the service lives of the brake disc and the brake pad are further prolonged; meanwhile, the pressure of the brake pad on the brake disc is increased sharply, so that the friction force between the brake pad and the brake disc is increased sharply; the torque generated by the brake pad on the brake disc is gradually increased; the speed of the automobile is gradually reduced under the action of the torque generated by the brake pad on the brake disc until the automobile stops.

The worm and worm wheel is designed to ensure that a driver steps on a brake pedal when the automobile needs to be braked in the advancing process; the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder pushes the hydraulic column to slide outwards; the hydraulic column drives the worm to rotate through a third connecting block, a rack, a gear and a second shaft; the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate; the worm wheel drives the conical thread driving wheel to rotate through the first shaft; the star wheel moves along the conical thread driving wheel and the conical thread driving wheel relatively; the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move downwards, and meanwhile, the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move transversely towards the direction of the brake disc; the star wheel drives a brake pad in a brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod to transversely move towards the brake disc and simultaneously move towards the center of the brake disc along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc through the connecting shaft, the second connecting block, the telescopic outer sleeve and the telescopic column; the respective second return springs are stretched; a second connecting block in the brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod drives the corresponding first connecting block to transversely slide towards the direction of the brake disc along the corresponding first trapezoidal sliding groove through the telescopic rod; a first connecting block in a rack mechanism connected with the telescopic rod drives a first gear to rotate through a corresponding first rack; the first gear drives a first rack in a rack mechanism connected with the connecting rod to slide along the corresponding positioning hole; a first rack in a rack mechanism connected with the connecting rod drives a corresponding brake pad to approach a brake disc through a corresponding first connecting block, the connecting rod, a second connecting block, a telescopic outer sleeve and a telescopic column; the brake pads in the two brake pad mechanisms move oppositely and simultaneously move towards the brake disc; continuously treading the brake pedal, and simultaneously contacting the brake pads in the two brake pad mechanisms with the two end surfaces of the brake disc to generate friction; the pressure of the two brake pads on the brake disc is increased sharply, so that the friction force between the brake pads and the brake disc is increased sharply; the torque generated by the brake pad on the brake disc is gradually increased; the speed of the automobile is gradually reduced under the action of the torque generated by the brake pad on the brake disc until the automobile stops; in the whole braking process, the brake disc reacts on the worm through the brake pad, the telescopic column, the telescopic outer sleeve, the second connecting block, the connecting shaft, the star wheel, the conical thread driving wheel and the worm wheel; the action of the brake pad on the brake disc tends to be weakened; because the worm has a self-locking function to the rotation of the worm wheel, under the condition that a driver continuously treads the brake pedal, the torque of the brake block to the brake disc cannot be weakened due to the reaction of the brake disc, and the brake effectiveness is further ensured.

The two brake pad mechanisms are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the brake disc, so that when a running automobile needs to be braked, a driver steps on a brake pedal; the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder pushes the hydraulic column to slide outwards; the hydraulic column drives the worm to rotate through a third connecting block, a rack, a gear and a second shaft; the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate; the worm wheel drives the conical thread driving wheel to rotate through the first shaft; the star wheel moves along the conical thread driving wheel and the conical thread driving wheel relatively; the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move downwards, and meanwhile, the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move transversely towards the direction of the brake disc; the star wheel drives the corresponding brake pad to transversely move towards the brake disc through the connecting shaft, the second connecting block, the telescopic outer sleeve and the telescopic column and simultaneously moves towards the center direction of the brake disc along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc, and the corresponding buffer spring is compressed; the respective second return springs are stretched; a second connecting block in the brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod drives the corresponding first connecting block to transversely slide towards the direction of the brake disc along the corresponding first trapezoidal sliding groove through the telescopic rod; a first connecting block in a rack mechanism connected with the telescopic rod drives a first gear to rotate through a corresponding first rack; the first gear drives a first rack in a rack mechanism connected with the connecting rod to slide along the corresponding positioning hole; a first rack in a rack mechanism connected with the connecting rod drives a corresponding brake pad to approach a brake disc through a corresponding first connecting block, the connecting rod, a second connecting block, a telescopic outer sleeve and a telescopic column; the brake pads in the two brake pad mechanisms move oppositely and simultaneously move towards the brake disc; continuously treading the brake pedal, and simultaneously contacting the brake pads in the two brake pad mechanisms with the two end surfaces of the brake disc to generate friction; the stress at the two ends of the brake disc tends to be balanced, so that the brake disc is prevented from being deformed or damaged due to unbalanced stress in the long-term braking process.

When the automobile does not need to be braked, a driver does not step on a brake pedal, and the brake pad is positioned at the initial position and does not move; in this case, only a small partial overlap area exists between the brake lining and the brake disc.

When the automobile in the driving state brakes normally, a driver slowly steps on a brake pedal; the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder pushes the hydraulic column to slide outwards; the hydraulic column drives the worm to rotate through a third connecting block, a rack, a gear and a second shaft; the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate; the worm wheel drives the conical thread driving wheel to rotate through the first shaft; the star wheel moves along the conical thread driving wheel and the conical thread driving wheel relatively; the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move downwards, and meanwhile, the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move transversely towards the direction of the brake disc; the star wheel drives a brake pad in a brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod to transversely move towards the brake disc and simultaneously move towards the center of the brake disc along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc through the connecting shaft, the second connecting block, the telescopic outer sleeve and the telescopic column; the respective second return springs are stretched; a second connecting block in the brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod drives the corresponding first connecting block to transversely slide towards the direction of the brake disc along the corresponding first trapezoidal sliding groove through the telescopic rod; a first connecting block in a rack mechanism connected with the telescopic rod drives a first gear to rotate through a corresponding first rack; the first gear drives a first rack in a rack mechanism connected with the connecting rod to slide along the corresponding positioning hole; a first rack in a rack mechanism connected with the connecting rod drives a corresponding brake pad to approach a brake disc through a corresponding first connecting block, the connecting rod, a second connecting block, a telescopic outer sleeve and a telescopic column; the brake pads in the two brake pad mechanisms move oppositely and simultaneously move towards the brake disc; the brake pedal is continuously and gently stepped, and the brake pads in the two brake pad mechanisms are simultaneously contacted with the two end faces of the brake disc to generate friction; at the moment, the pressure of the brake pads in the two brake pad mechanisms to the two end surfaces of the brake disc is smaller; the friction force between the brake disc and the brake pad is small; the automobile stops slowly under the action of smaller friction force; therefore, the light braking of the automobile in a non-emergency state is realized; when the vehicle stops, a driver releases a brake pedal, and the vacuum booster controls the brake main cylinder to enable hydraulic oil of the hydraulic cylinder force to flow back; under the action of atmospheric pressure, the hydraulic column returns to the initial position; the hydraulic column drives the conical thread driving wheel to reversely rotate to an initial position through the rack, the gear, the worm and the worm wheel; the first return spring and the second return spring drive the corresponding brake pad and the star wheel to return to the initial positions through a second connecting block, a telescopic outer sleeve and a telescopic column in the brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod; the telescopic rod drives the corresponding first connecting block to return to the initial position; the first connection connected with the telescopic rod drives the first gear to rotate reversely through the corresponding first rack; the first gear drives the connecting rod to return to the initial position through a first rack and a first connecting block in a rack mechanism connected with the connecting rod; the connecting rod drives the corresponding brake pad to be separated from the brake disc and return to the initial position through the second connecting block, the telescopic outer sleeve and the telescopic column which are connected with the connecting rod.

When the automobile in a running state is emergently braked, a driver forcibly steps on a brake pedal, and the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder pushes the hydraulic column to slide outwards; the hydraulic column drives the worm to rotate through a third connecting block, a rack, a gear and a second shaft; the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate; the worm wheel drives the conical thread driving wheel to rotate through the first shaft; the star wheel moves along the conical thread driving wheel and the conical thread driving wheel relatively; the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move downwards, and meanwhile, the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move transversely towards the direction of the brake disc; the star wheel drives a brake pad in a brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod to transversely move towards the brake disc and simultaneously move towards the center of the brake disc along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc through the connecting shaft, the second connecting block, the telescopic outer sleeve and the telescopic column; the respective second return springs are stretched; a second connecting block in the brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod drives the corresponding first connecting block to transversely slide towards the direction of the brake disc along the corresponding first trapezoidal sliding groove through the telescopic rod; a first connecting block in a rack mechanism connected with the telescopic rod drives a first gear to rotate through a corresponding first rack; the first gear drives a first rack in a rack mechanism connected with the connecting rod to slide along the corresponding positioning hole; a first rack in a rack mechanism connected with the connecting rod drives a corresponding brake pad to approach a brake disc through a corresponding first connecting block, the connecting rod, a second connecting block, a telescopic outer sleeve and a telescopic column; the brake pads in the two brake pad mechanisms move oppositely and simultaneously move towards the brake disc; the brake pedal is continuously and gently stepped, and the brake pads in the two brake pad mechanisms are simultaneously contacted with the two end faces of the brake disc to generate friction; the contact area between the brake pad and the brake disc in the brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod is rapidly increased until the brake pad is completely contacted with the brake disc; at the moment, because the contact area between the brake pad and the brake disc in the brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod is increased, the pressure applied to the unit areas of the brake pad and the brake disc in the brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod is reduced, the friction force between the brake pad and the brake disc in the brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod in the unit area is reduced, and the abrasion of the brake pad and the brake disc in the brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod is effectively controlled; when the brake pad in the brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod is completely contacted with the brake disc, the pressure exerted on the brake disc by the brake pad reaches the maximum; under the combined action of the brake pads in the two brake pad mechanisms, the speed of the automobile is quickly reduced until the automobile stops, so that the heavy braking of the automobile in an emergency state is realized; when the vehicle stops, a driver releases a brake pedal, and the vacuum booster controls the brake main cylinder to enable hydraulic oil of the hydraulic cylinder force to flow back; under the action of atmospheric pressure, the hydraulic column returns to the initial position; the hydraulic column drives the conical thread driving wheel to reversely rotate to an initial position through the rack, the gear, the worm and the worm wheel; the first return spring and the second return spring drive the corresponding brake pad and the star wheel to return to the initial positions through a second connecting block, a telescopic outer sleeve and a telescopic column in the brake pad mechanism connected with the telescopic rod; the telescopic rod drives the corresponding first connecting block to return to the initial position; the first connection connected with the telescopic rod drives the first gear to rotate reversely through the corresponding first rack; the first gear drives the connecting rod to return to the initial position through a first rack and a first connecting block in a rack mechanism connected with the connecting rod; the connecting rod drives the corresponding brake pad to be separated from the brake disc and return to the initial position through the second connecting block, the telescopic outer sleeve and the telescopic column which are connected with the connecting rod.

Compared with the traditional street lamp, in the braking process of the automobile, the contact area between the brake pad and the brake disc is increased, so that the friction force of the unit area on the friction surface of the brake pad and the brake disc is reduced, the abrasion of the brake pad and the brake disc is effectively controlled, and the service lives of the brake pad and the brake disc are prolonged; in the braking process, two brake pads in the two brake pad mechanisms are respectively contacted with two end faces of the brake disc and generate friction, so that the two end faces of the brake disc are stressed uniformly, the brake disc is prevented from being damaged due to long-term unilateral stress, the replacement period of the brake disc is delayed, and the maintenance cost of an automobile braking system is reduced; the invention has simple structure and better use effect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the brake mechanism and the brake disc.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the brake mechanism and the brake disc.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the braking mechanism.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the brake mechanism and the brake disc.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a fixed block.

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fixed block.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the internal transmission of the brake mechanism.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the internal transmission profile of the brake mechanism.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a rack mechanism.

Fig. 10 is a perspective schematic view of a brake disc mechanism.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the telescoping outer sleeve and the telescoping post.

Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the telescoping outer sleeve and telescoping post.

Fig. 13 is a perspective schematic view of a telescoping jacket.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the telescoping post and key combination.

Fig. 15 is a perspective schematic view of a rack positioning block.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the first positioning block, the second positioning block, the third positioning block, the positioning plate and the fixing block.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of a tapered threaded drive wheel, star wheel and worm gear engagement.

Fig. 18 is a schematic view of a star wheel.

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the positioning plate.

Fig. 20 is a schematic view of the first gear and the first rack being engaged.

Number designation in the figures: 1. a brake mechanism; 2. a brake disc; 3. a wheel axle; 4. a fixed block; 5. positioning the cut; 6. a first trapezoidal chute; 7. a second trapezoidal chute; 8. a rack mechanism; 9. a trapezoidal slider; 10. a first connection block; 11. a first rack; 12. a first gear; 13. a connecting rod; 14. a telescopic rod; 15. a first return spring; 16. a brake pad mechanism; 17. a second connecting block; 18. a second return spring; 19. a telescopic outer sleeve; 20. a keyway; 21. a telescopic column; 22. a key; 23. a buffer spring; 24. a brake pad; 25. a rack positioning block; 26. a rack slide hole; 27. a connecting shaft; 28. a star wheel; 29. connecting the shaft hole; 30. a ring groove; 31. a tapered threaded drive wheel; 32. a first shaft; 33. a worm gear; 34. a worm; 35. a second shaft; 36. a second gear; 37. a second rack; 38. a trapezoidal slide bar; 39. a third connecting block; 40. a hydraulic column; 41. a hydraulic cylinder; 42. a third positioning block; 43. a first positioning block; 44. a second positioning block; 45. positioning a plate; 46. positioning holes; 47. and (7) a pin shaft.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, it comprises a brake mechanism 1, a brake disc 2 and an axle 3, wherein as shown in fig. 2, the brake disc 2 is installed at one end of the axle 3 on the automobile; the brake mechanism 1 is fixedly arranged on the automobile body, and the brake mechanism 1 is matched with the brake disc 2.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the brake mechanism 1 includes a fixed block 4, a positioning notch 5, a first trapezoidal sliding groove 6, a second trapezoidal sliding groove 7, a rack mechanism 8, a first gear 12, a connecting rod 13, an expansion rod 14, a first return spring 15, a brake pad mechanism 16, a connecting shaft 27, a star wheel 28, a connecting shaft hole 29, a ring groove 30, a tapered threaded driving wheel 31, a first shaft 32, a worm wheel 33, a worm 34, a second shaft 35, a second gear 36, a second rack 37, a trapezoidal sliding strip 38, a third connecting block 39, a hydraulic cylinder 40, a hydraulic cylinder 41, a third positioning block 42, a first positioning block 43, a second positioning block 44, a positioning plate 45, a positioning hole 46, and a pin shaft 47, wherein as shown in fig. 5, the positioning notch 5 is formed on the lower end surface of the fixed block 4; as shown in fig. 6, two first trapezoidal sliding grooves 6 are formed on the upper end surface of the inner wall of the positioning notch 5, and the first trapezoidal sliding grooves 6 are perpendicular to two side surfaces of the inner wall of the positioning notch 5; as shown in fig. 5, the two first trapezoidal sliding grooves 6 are symmetrical with respect to a central plane of the positioning notch 5, and the two first trapezoidal sliding grooves 6 are perpendicular to the central plane; as shown in fig. 2, the fixed block 4 is fixedly mounted on the automobile body through the upper end surface thereof; the brake disc 2 is positioned in the positioning notch 5 of the fixing block 4; as shown in fig. 5, a second trapezoidal sliding groove 7 is formed on the lower end surface of the fixed block 4, and the second trapezoidal sliding groove 7 is perpendicular to the first trapezoidal sliding groove 6; as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the lower end surface of the second rack 37 has teeth; a trapezoidal sliding strip 38 is arranged on the upper end surface of the second rack 37; the second rack 37 is mounted on the lower end surface of the fixed block 4 through the sliding fit of the trapezoidal slide bar 38 and the second trapezoidal sliding groove 7.

As shown in fig. 3, the pin 47 is installed at the center of the upper end face of the positioning slit 5 by one end thereof; as shown in fig. 20, the first gear 12 is mounted on the pin 47 through a shaft hole on the first gear and a bearing on the outer circumferential surface of the pin 47; as shown in fig. 2 and 20, two rack mechanisms 8 are mounted on the upper end surface of the positioning cutout 5, and the two rack mechanisms 8 are centrosymmetric with respect to the central axis of the first gear 12; the two rack mechanisms 8 are matched with the first gear 12 at the same time; as shown in fig. 4, two rack mechanisms 8 are located on both sides of the brake disc 2 in a top view; as shown in fig. 7, the lower end of the rack gear 8 on the side of the brake disc 2 away from the second rack 37 is mounted with the connecting rod 13; as shown in fig. 3 and 7, a brake block mechanism 16 is mounted at the lower end of the connecting rod 13, and the brake block mechanism 16 is matched with the brake disc 2; the brake block mechanism 16 is connected with the inner wall of the positioning notch 5; as shown in fig. 3, 7 and 16, the lower end of the rack mechanism 8 which is not connected with the connecting rod 13 is provided with an expansion link 14; the lower end of the telescopic rod 14 is provided with another brake block mechanism 16, and the brake block mechanism 16 is matched with the brake disc 2; the brake block mechanism 16 is connected with the inner wall of the positioning notch 5; as shown in fig. 7, the first return spring 15 is nested outside the telescopic rod 14, and two ends of the first return spring 15 are respectively connected with the corresponding rack mechanism 8 and the corresponding brake pad mechanism 16; as shown in fig. 7, the two brake pad mechanisms 16 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the brake disc 2.

As shown in fig. 7, the connecting shaft 27 is fixedly connected to the brake pad mechanism 16 through the upper end surface thereof; as shown in fig. 18, a through connecting shaft hole 29 is opened between both end faces of the star wheel 28; a chute is arranged on the outer circular surface of the star wheel 28 along the circumferential direction; as shown in fig. 8, the star wheel 28 is fitted to the lower end of the connecting shaft 27 through a bearing between the connecting shaft hole 29 and the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft 27; as shown in fig. 16, the first positioning block 43 has a shaft hole; the first positioning block 43 is mounted on the inner wall of the positioning notch 5 through one side end face thereof; the first shaft 32 is installed on the first positioning block 43 through the bearing fit between the outer circular surface of the upper end of the first shaft and the shaft hole on the first positioning block 43; as shown in fig. 17, the tapered screw drive wheel 31 is mounted on the first shaft 32 by engaging the shaft hole thereof with the key 22 between the outer circumferential surface of the first shaft 32; as shown in fig. 8, the worm wheel 33 is fitted on the first shaft 32 through a shaft hole thereof and a key 22 between the outer circumferential surface of the first shaft 32, and the worm wheel 33 is located below the tapered screw drive wheel 31; as shown in fig. 16, the second positioning block 44 is mounted on the inner wall of the positioning notch 5 through one side end surface thereof; as shown in fig. 19, a through positioning hole 46 is formed between both side end faces of the positioning plate 45; as shown in fig. 16, the positioning plate 45 is mounted on the lower end surface of the second positioning block 44; one end of the second shaft 35 passes through a positioning hole 46 on the positioning plate 45; the second shaft 35 is mounted on the positioning plate 45 by the bearing fit between the outer circumferential surface thereof and the inner circumferential surface of the positioning hole 46; the worm 34 and the second gear 36 are respectively installed at both ends of the second shaft 35; the worm 34 is positioned in the positioning notch 5, and the worm 34 is meshed with the worm wheel 33; the second gear 36 is engaged with the second rack 37; as shown in fig. 3, the hydraulic cylinder 41 is fixedly mounted on the side end surface of the fixed block 4 through a third positioning block 42; as shown in fig. 4, one end of the hydraulic column 40 is inserted into the hydraulic cylinder 41, and the other end is fixedly connected to the side end surface of the second rack 37 through the third connecting block 39.

As shown in fig. 9, the rack mechanism 8 includes a trapezoidal slider 9, a first connecting block 10, a first rack 11, a rack positioning block 25, and a rack sliding hole 26, wherein as shown in fig. 9, the trapezoidal slider 9 is mounted on the upper end surface of the first connecting block 10; as shown in fig. 3, the first connecting block 10 is mounted on the upper end surface of the positioning notch 5 through the sliding fit of the trapezoidal sliding block 9 and one first trapezoidal sliding groove 6; as shown in fig. 7 and 9, the first rack 11 is mounted on a side end surface of the first link block 10 by one end thereof; as shown in fig. 15, a through rack slide hole 26 is formed between two opposite side end surfaces of the rack positioning block 25; as shown in fig. 3, the rack positioning block 25 is mounted on the upper end face of the positioning notch 5 through the upper end face thereof; as shown in fig. 20, one end of the first rack 11, which is not connected to the first connecting block 10, passes through the rack sliding hole 26 of the rack positioning block 25 and is engaged with the first gear 12; as shown in fig. 8, the upper end surface of the connecting rod 13 is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the corresponding first connecting block 10; the upper end surface of the telescopic rod 14 is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the corresponding first connecting block 10.

As shown in fig. 10, the brake pad mechanism 16 includes a second connecting block 17, a second return spring 18, a telescopic outer sleeve 19, a key groove 20, a telescopic column 21, a key 22, a buffer spring 23, and a brake pad 24, wherein as shown in fig. 8, an upper end surface of the second connecting block 17 in the brake pad mechanism 16 connected to the connecting rod 13 is fixedly connected to a lower end surface of the connecting rod 13; the upper end surface of a second connecting block 17 in a brake block mechanism 16 connected with the telescopic rod 14 is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the telescopic rod 14; as shown in fig. 13, two key slots 20 are uniformly arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the telescopic outer sleeve 19 in the circumferential direction; as shown in fig. 10, two telescopic jackets 19 are symmetrically mounted on two opposite side end faces of the second connecting block 17; a second return spring 18 is arranged on one side end face of the second connecting block 17 which is not connected with the telescopic outer sleeve 19; as shown in fig. 3, one end of the second return spring 18 is connected to the side end surface of the second connecting block 17, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the positioning notch 5; as shown in fig. 14, two keys 22 are uniformly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of one end of the telescopic column 21 in the circumferential direction; as shown in fig. 11 and 12, two telescopic columns 21 are respectively installed in the two telescopic jackets 19 through the sliding fit of the keys 22 and the key slots 20; the two buffer springs 23 are respectively positioned in the two telescopic outer sleeves 19; one end of each buffer spring 23 is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding telescopic outer sleeve 19, and the other end is connected with the end face of the corresponding telescopic column 21; as shown in fig. 10, one end of each of the two telescopic columns 21 is provided with a brake pad 24; one ends of the two telescopic columns 21 which are not inserted into the corresponding telescopic outer sleeves 19 are fixedly connected with the brake pads 24; as shown in fig. 7, the brake pads 24 are engaged with the brake disc 2; the lower end surface of the second connecting block 17 connected with the telescopic rod 14 is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the connecting shaft 27. The upper end surface of a second connecting block 17 in a brake pad mechanism 16 connected with the connecting rod 13 is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the connecting rod 13; the upper end surface of a second connecting block 17 in a brake block mechanism 16 connected with the telescopic rod 14 is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the telescopic rod 14; one end of the first return spring 15 is connected to the lower end surface of the corresponding first connecting block 10, and the other end is connected to the upper end surface of the corresponding second connecting block 17.

As shown in fig. 7, the first return spring 15 is an extension spring.

As shown in fig. 7, the second return spring 18 is an extension spring.

As shown in fig. 12, the buffer spring 23 is a compression spring.

As shown in fig. 2, the hydraulic cylinder 41 is connected to a brake master cylinder of the vehicle through a hydraulic pipe.

The design purpose of the matching of the conical thread driving wheel 31 and the star wheel 28 is that when the automobile needs to be braked in the advancing process, a driver steps on a brake pedal; the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that the hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder 41 under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 41 pushes the hydraulic column 40 to slide outwards from the hydraulic cylinder 41; the hydraulic column 40 drives the worm 34 to rotate through the third connecting block 39, the rack, the gear and the second shaft 35; the worm 34 drives the worm wheel 33 to rotate; the worm wheel 33 drives the conical threaded driving wheel 31 to rotate through the first shaft 32; the star wheel 28 moves along the conical threaded driving wheel 31 and the conical threaded driving wheel 31 relatively; because the radius of the conical thread is sharply reduced from top to bottom, the conical thread driving wheel 31 drives the star wheel 28 to move downwards, and simultaneously the conical thread driving wheel 31 drives the star wheel 28 to transversely move towards the brake disc 2; the star wheel 28 drives the corresponding brake pad 24 to transversely move towards the brake disc 2 and simultaneously move towards the center of the brake disc 2 along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc 2 through the connecting shaft 27, the second connecting block 17, the corresponding telescopic outer sleeve 19 and the corresponding telescopic column 21; the corresponding second return spring 18 is stretched; the corresponding second connecting block 17 drives the corresponding first connecting block 10 to transversely slide along the corresponding first trapezoidal sliding groove 6 towards the brake disc 2 through the telescopic rod 14; a first connecting block 10 in a rack mechanism 8 connected with an expansion link 14 drives a first gear 12 to rotate through a corresponding first rack 11; the first gear 12 drives the first rack 11 in the rack mechanism 8 connected with the connecting rod 13 to slide along the corresponding positioning hole 46; a first rack 11 in the rack mechanism 8 connected with the connecting rod 13 drives a corresponding brake pad 24 to approach the brake disc 2 through a corresponding first connecting block 10, the connecting rod 13, a second connecting block 17, a telescopic outer sleeve 19 and a telescopic column 21; the brake pads 24 in the two brake pad mechanisms 16 move towards each other and towards the brake disc 2 simultaneously; the brake pedal is continuously stepped, and the brake pads 24 in the two brake pad mechanisms 16 are respectively contacted with the two end surfaces of the brake disc 2 to generate friction; the contact area between the brake pad 24 in the brake pad mechanism 16 connected with the telescopic rod 14 and the brake disc 2 is gradually increased, the pressure born by the unit area of the contact part between the brake pad 24 in the brake pad mechanism 16 connected with the telescopic rod 14 and the brake disc 2 is reduced, the relative abrasion between the brake pad 24 in the brake pad mechanism 16 connected with the telescopic rod 14 and the brake disc 2 is weakened, and the service lives of the brake disc 2 and the brake pad 24 are further prolonged; meanwhile, the pressure of the brake pad 24 on the brake disc 2 is sharply increased, and further the friction force between the brake pad 24 and the brake disc 2 is sharply increased; the torque generated by the brake pad 24 to the brake disc 2 is gradually increased; the vehicle is gradually reduced in speed by the torque generated by the brake pads 24 on the brake disc 2 until the vehicle comes to a stop.

The design purpose of the worm 34 and the worm wheel 33 is that when the automobile needs to be braked in the advancing process, a driver steps on a brake pedal; the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that the hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder 41 under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 41 pushes the hydraulic column 40 to slide outwards from the hydraulic cylinder 41; the hydraulic column 40 drives the worm 34 to rotate through the third connecting block 39, the rack, the gear and the second shaft 35; the worm 34 drives the worm wheel 33 to rotate; the worm wheel 33 drives the conical threaded driving wheel 31 to rotate through the first shaft 32; the star wheel 28 moves along the conical threaded driving wheel 31 and the conical threaded driving wheel 31 relatively; the conical thread driving wheel 31 drives the star wheel 28 to move downwards, and meanwhile, the conical thread driving wheel 31 drives the star wheel 28 to move transversely towards the brake disc 2; the star wheel 28 drives the brake pad 24 in the brake pad mechanism 16 connected with the telescopic rod 14 to transversely move towards the brake disc 2 and simultaneously move towards the center of the brake disc 2 along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc 2 through the connecting shaft 27, the second connecting block 17, the telescopic outer sleeve 19 and the telescopic column 21; the corresponding second return spring 18 is stretched; a second connecting block 17 in a brake pad mechanism 16 connected with the telescopic rod 14 drives the corresponding first connecting block 10 to transversely slide towards the brake disc 2 along the corresponding first trapezoidal sliding groove 6 through the telescopic rod 14; a first connecting block 10 in a rack mechanism 8 connected with an expansion link 14 drives a first gear 12 to rotate through a corresponding first rack 11; the first gear 12 drives the first rack 11 in the rack mechanism 8 connected with the connecting rod 13 to slide along the corresponding positioning hole 46; a first rack 11 in the rack mechanism 8 connected with the connecting rod 13 drives a corresponding brake pad 24 to approach the brake disc 2 through a corresponding first connecting block 10, the connecting rod 13, a second connecting block 17, a telescopic outer sleeve 19 and a telescopic column 21; the brake pads 24 in the two brake pad mechanisms 16 move towards each other and towards the brake disc 2 simultaneously; the brake pedal is continuously stepped, and the brake pads 24 in the two brake pad mechanisms 16 are simultaneously contacted with the two end surfaces of the brake disc 2 to generate friction; the pressure of the two brake pads 24 on the brake disc 2 is increased sharply, and further the friction force between the brake pads 24 and the brake disc 2 is increased sharply; the torque generated by the brake pad 24 to the brake disc 2 is gradually increased; the speed of the automobile is gradually reduced under the action of the torque generated by the brake pad 24 on the brake disc 2 until the automobile stops; in the whole braking process, the brake disc 2 reacts on the worm 34 through the brake pad 24, the telescopic column 21, the telescopic outer sleeve 19, the second connecting block 17, the connecting shaft 27, the star wheel 28, the conical thread driving wheel 31 and the worm wheel 33; so that the action of the brake pad 24 on the brake disc 2 tends to be weakened; because the worm 34 has a self-locking function to the rotation of the worm wheel 33, under the condition that a driver continuously steps on the brake pedal, the torque of the brake pad 24 to the brake disc 2 cannot be weakened due to the reaction of the brake disc 2, and the braking effectiveness is further ensured.

The two brake pad mechanisms 16 are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the brake disc 2, so that when the running automobile needs to be braked, a driver steps on a brake pedal; the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that the hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder 41 under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 41 pushes the hydraulic column 40 to slide outwards from the hydraulic cylinder 41; the hydraulic column 40 drives the worm 34 to rotate through the third connecting block 39, the rack, the gear and the second shaft 35; the worm 34 drives the worm wheel 33 to rotate; the worm wheel 33 drives the conical threaded driving wheel 31 to rotate through the first shaft 32; the star wheel 28 moves along the conical threaded driving wheel 31 and the conical threaded driving wheel 31 relatively; the conical thread driving wheel 31 drives the star wheel 28 to move downwards, and meanwhile, the conical thread driving wheel 31 drives the star wheel 28 to move transversely towards the brake disc 2; the star wheel 28 drives the corresponding brake pad 24 to transversely move towards the brake disc 2 and simultaneously move towards the center of the brake disc 2 along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc 2 through the connecting shaft 27, the second connecting block 17, the telescopic outer sleeve 19 and the telescopic column 21, and the corresponding buffer spring 23 is compressed; the corresponding second return spring 18 is stretched; a second connecting block 17 in a brake pad mechanism 16 connected with the telescopic rod 14 drives the corresponding first connecting block 10 to transversely slide towards the brake disc 2 along the corresponding first trapezoidal sliding groove 6 through the telescopic rod 14; a first connecting block 10 in a rack mechanism 8 connected with an expansion link 14 drives a first gear 12 to rotate through a corresponding first rack 11; the first gear 12 drives the first rack 11 in the rack mechanism 8 connected with the connecting rod 13 to slide along the corresponding positioning hole 46; a first rack 11 in the rack mechanism 8 connected with the connecting rod 13 drives a corresponding brake pad 24 to approach the brake disc 2 through a corresponding first connecting block 10, the connecting rod 13, a second connecting block 17, a telescopic outer sleeve 19 and a telescopic column 21; the brake pads 24 in the two brake pad mechanisms 16 move towards each other and towards the brake disc 2 simultaneously; the brake pedal is continuously stepped, and the brake pads 24 in the two brake pad mechanisms 16 are simultaneously contacted with the two end surfaces of the brake disc 2 to generate friction; the stress at the two ends of the brake disc 2 tends to be balanced, so that the brake disc 2 is prevented from being deformed or damaged due to unbalanced stress in the long-term braking process.