阅读说明：本技术 一种金属镂空结构预制空位成形装置及其方法 (Metal hollow structure prefabricated vacancy forming device and method thereof ) 是由 蒋少松 胡蓝 于泓权 彭鹏 卢振 于 2019-11-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种金属镂空结构预制空位成形装置及其方法,它涉及一种成形装置及成形方法。本发明的目的是要解决传统的塑性成形方法主要以完整板材作为对象,减重幅度受到限制,不能满足轻量化结构的要求的问题。一种金属镂空结构预制空位成形装置包括上压块、压力弹簧、两个导柱、凸模、两个压边块和凹模。当制备镂空板的板材为铝合金或不锈钢时方法为：一、制备镂空板；二、放置镂空板；三、施加压力。当制备镂空板的板材材质为钛合金、镁合金、高温合金或金属间化合物时方法为：一、制备镂空板；二、放置镂空板；三、加热至Tm并施加压力。本发明可获得三维曲面镂空结构。(A forming device and a forming method for a prefabricated vacancy of a metal hollow structure relate to a forming device and a forming method. The invention aims to solve the problems that the traditional plastic forming method mainly takes a complete plate as an object, the weight reduction range is limited, and the requirement of a lightweight structure cannot be met. A metal hollow structure prefabricating vacancy forming device comprises an upper pressing block, a pressure spring, two guide pillars, a male die, two edge pressing blocks and a female die. When the plate for preparing the hollowed-out plate is aluminum alloy or stainless steel, the method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a hollow plate; secondly, placing the hollow-out plate; and thirdly, applying pressure. When the plate material for preparing the hollow plate is titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, high-temperature alloy or intermetallic compound, the method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a hollow plate; secondly, placing the hollow-out plate; thirdly, heating to Tm and applying pressure. The invention can obtain the three-dimensional curved surface hollow structure.)

1. A metal hollow structure prefabrication vacancy forming device is characterized by comprising an upper pressing block (2), a pressure spring (3), two guide pillars (4), a male die (5), two edge pressing blocks (6) and a female die (7);

two ends of the upper pressing block (2) are respectively connected with the two guide pillars (4) in a sliding manner, and the bottom ends of the two guide pillars (4) are fixedly connected with the female die (7) through bolts; two edge pressing blocks (6) are arranged between the upper pressing block (2) and the female die (7), and the edge pressing blocks (6) are in sliding connection with the guide pillars (4);

the upper end face of the male die (5) is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the upper pressing block (2), a pressure spring (3) is arranged on the outer surface of the guide pillar (4) between the upper pressing block (2) and the edge pressing block (6), and the hollow plate is arranged in a gap formed by the female die (7) and the two edge pressing blocks (6).

2. A method for forming a prefabricated vacancy of a hollow metal structure is characterized in that when a plate for preparing the hollow plate is aluminum alloy or stainless steel, the method for forming the prefabricated vacancy of the hollow metal structure is completed according to the following steps:

firstly, preparing a hollowed-out plate:

prefabricating a hollow-out shape in the middle area of the plate by a processing method of laser cutting, linear cutting or water cutting to obtain a hollow-out plate;

the part with the hollowed shape on the hollowed-out plate in the step one is a deformation area, and the rest part is an edge pressing area;

secondly, placing the hollow plate in a gap formed by the female die (7) and the two edge pressing blocks (6), wherein the edge pressing area of the hollow plate is in contact with the female die (7) and the edge pressing blocks (6);

and thirdly, applying pressure to the upper pressing block (2) by using a press machine, driving the male die (5) to move downwards by using the upper pressing block (2), and extruding a deformation area of the hollowed-out plate into the female die (7) by using the male die (5) to obtain a three-dimensional curved surface hollowed-out structure, namely completing the forming method of the prefabricated vacant site of the metal hollowed-out structure.

3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the aluminum alloy is 5083 aluminum alloy, 7075 aluminum alloy, 2195 aluminum lithium alloy, 5083 aluminum alloy or 5A90 aluminum lithium alloy.

4. A method for forming a prefabricated vacancy of a metal hollow structure is characterized in that when a plate for preparing the hollow plate is made of a titanium alloy, a magnesium alloy, a high-temperature alloy or an intermetallic compound, the method for forming the prefabricated vacancy of the metal hollow structure is completed according to the following steps:

firstly, preparing a hollowed-out plate:

prefabricating a hollow-out shape in the middle area of the plate by a processing method of laser cutting, linear cutting or water cutting to obtain a hollow-out plate;

the part with the hollowed shape on the hollowed-out plate in the step one is a deformation area, and the rest part is an edge pressing area;

secondly, placing the hollow plate in a gap formed by the female die (7) and the two edge pressing blocks (6), wherein the edge pressing area of the hollow plate is in contact with the female die (7) and the edge pressing blocks (6), and heating the hollow plate to 0.3 Tm-0.6 Tm, wherein Tm is a melting point;

and thirdly, applying pressure to the upper pressing block (2) by using a press machine, driving the male die (5) to move downwards by using the upper pressing block (2), and extruding a deformation zone of the hollow plate with the extrusion temperature of 0.3-0.6 Tm by using the male die (5) into a cavity of the female die (7) to obtain a three-dimensional curved surface hollow structure, namely completing the forming method of the prefabricated vacant site of the metal hollow structure.

5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the titanium alloy is TC4, TA15, Ti55 or Ti 60.

6. The method for forming the preformed vacancy of the hollow metal structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein the magnesium alloy is AZ31, LZ91 or Mg-Gd-Y-Zn rare earth magnesium alloy.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein the high temperature alloy is GH4169 or GH 99.

8. The method according to claim 4, wherein the intermetallic compound is TiAl or Ti2 AlNb.

9. The method for forming the hollow metal structure prefabricating vacancy, as claimed in claim 4, wherein the thickness of the plate in the first step is 3 mm-10 mm.

10. The method according to claim 4, wherein the porosity of the hollowed-out plate in the first step is 25% -30%.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a molding apparatus and a molding method.

Background

With the increasing urgent need of energy conservation and emission reduction in various industries, the requirement on the light weight of a metal structural part is higher and higher, and the traditional method for obtaining the light weight structure by forming a complete plate cannot meet the requirement gradually. On the basis of ensuring rigidity and strength, how to reduce weight becomes an important direction for the plastic forming development of the structural part at present. The traditional plastic forming method mainly takes a complete plate as an object, the weight reduction range is limited, if the weight reduction is directly carried out through an original blank, the lightweight index of a component can be greatly improved, and the plastic forming method has an important promoting effect on the development of the structural component in the field of plastic forming.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that the traditional plastic forming method mainly takes a complete plate as an object, the weight reduction amplitude is limited, and the requirement of a lightweight structure cannot be met, and provides a metal hollow structure prefabricated vacancy forming device and a method thereof.

A metal hollow structure prefabricating vacancy forming device comprises an upper pressing block, a pressure spring, two guide pillars, a male die, two edge pressing blocks and a female die;

two ends of the upper pressing block are respectively connected with the two guide pillars in a sliding manner, and the bottom ends of the two guide pillars are fixedly connected with the female die through bolts; two edge pressing blocks are arranged between the upper pressing block and the female die and are in sliding connection with the guide pillar;

the upper end face of the male die is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the upper pressing block, a pressure spring is arranged on the outer surface of the guide pillar between the upper pressing block and the edge pressing block, and the hollow plate is arranged in a gap formed by the female die and the two edge pressing blocks.

When the plate for preparing the hollowed-out plate is aluminum alloy or stainless steel, the method for forming the prefabricated vacant sites of the metal hollowed-out structure comprises the following steps:

firstly, preparing a hollowed-out plate:

prefabricating a hollow-out shape in the middle area of the plate by a processing method of laser cutting, linear cutting or water cutting to obtain a hollow-out plate;

the part with the hollowed shape on the hollowed-out plate in the step one is a deformation area, and the rest part is an edge pressing area;

secondly, placing the hollow plate in a gap formed by the female die and the two edge pressing blocks, wherein the edge pressing area of the hollow plate is in contact with the female die and the edge pressing blocks;

and thirdly, applying pressure to an upper pressing block by using a press machine, driving a male die to move downwards by using the upper pressing block, and extruding a deformation zone of the hollowed-out plate into the female die by the male die to obtain a three-dimensional curved surface hollowed-out structure, namely completing the forming method of the prefabricated vacant site of the metal hollowed-out structure.

When the plate material for preparing the hollowed-out plate is titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, high-temperature alloy or intermetallic compound, the method for forming the prefabricated vacant sites of the metal hollowed-out structure is completed according to the following steps:

firstly, preparing a hollowed-out plate:

prefabricating a hollow-out shape in the middle area of the plate by a processing method of laser cutting, linear cutting or water cutting to obtain a hollow-out plate;

the part with the hollowed shape on the hollowed-out plate in the step one is a deformation area, and the rest part is an edge pressing area;

secondly, placing the hollow plate in a gap formed by the female die and the two edge pressing blocks, wherein the edge pressing area of the hollow plate is in contact with the female die and the edge pressing blocks, and heating the hollow plate to 0.3-0.6 Tm, wherein Tm is a melting point;

and thirdly, applying pressure to an upper pressing block by using a press machine, driving a male die to move downwards by using the upper pressing block, and enabling a deformation zone of the hollowed-out plate with the male die extrusion temperature of 0.3-0.6 Tm to enter a cavity of the female die to obtain a three-dimensional curved surface hollowed-out structure, namely completing the forming method of the prefabricated vacant site of the metal hollowed-out structure.

The invention has the advantages that:

the invention provides a method for forming a prefabricated vacancy of a metal hollow structure, which is mainly characterized in that a vacancy is prefabricated on an original blank by a cutting method, and then a three-dimensional curved surface hollow structure is obtained by a mould plastic forming method;

secondly, the rigidity K value of the three-dimensional curved surface hollow structure obtained by the method can reach 1.5-4.5 times of that of a complete part made of the same material, the same weight and the same shape;

and thirdly, the original porosity of the hollow-out plate blank is 25%, and the porosity of the three-dimensional curved surface hollow-out structure prepared by the method can reach over 55%.

The invention can obtain the three-dimensional curved surface hollow structure.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal hollow-out structure prefabricated vacancy forming device according to a first embodiment;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the hollow-out board according to the second embodiment, in which 1 is a deformation region and 2 is an edge pressing region;

FIG. 3 is a digital photograph of a three-dimensional curved surface hollow structure obtained by using the metal hollow structure preform vacancy forming apparatus of the first embodiment;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the hollow-out board according to the third embodiment, in which 1 is a deformation region and 2 is an edge pressing region;

fig. 5 is a digital photograph of a three-dimensional curved surface hollow structure obtained by using the metal hollow structure prefabricating vacancy forming apparatus of the first embodiment.

Detailed Description