阅读说明：本技术 一种压电材料的极化系统及其极化方法 (Polarization system and polarization method of piezoelectric material ) 是由 沈意平 刘翊 周剑 蒋帅 杨大炼 段辉高 黄贵励 于 2019-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公布了一种压电材料的极化系统及其极化方法,包括机架、极化环境调节模块、压电材料传送模块、数字化综合控制系统；极化环境调节模块设置极化室,极化室内设置有放置压电材料样品的极化载具、极化环境的温度检测与调节系统、绝缘媒质预热与定量供给系统以及多组电极板；压电材料传送模块包括输送极化载具的带传送装置；数字化综合控制系统包括极化电场数字化控制模块、温度数字化控制模块以及与压电材料传送模块上伺服电机电连的传送速度数字化控制模块。极化系统的极化方法使得压电材料进行批量分步极化处理,并实时储存和反馈极化过程参数,实现自动化生产,改善材料极化性能,提高工作效率。(The invention discloses a polarization system and a polarization method of a piezoelectric material, and the polarization system and the polarization method comprise a frame, a polarization environment adjusting module, a piezoelectric material transmission module and a digital comprehensive control system; the polarization environment adjusting module is provided with a polarization chamber, and a polarization carrier for placing a piezoelectric material sample, a temperature detecting and adjusting system of the polarization environment, an insulating medium preheating and quantitative supply system and a plurality of groups of electrode plates are arranged in the polarization chamber; the piezoelectric material conveying module comprises a belt conveying device for conveying the polarization carrier; the digital integrated control system comprises a polarized electric field digital control module, a temperature digital control module and a transmission speed digital control module electrically connected with a servo motor on the piezoelectric material transmission module. The polarization method of the polarization system enables the piezoelectric material to be subjected to batch step-by-step polarization treatment, and polarization process parameters are stored and fed back in real time, so that automatic production is realized, the polarization performance of the material is improved, and the working efficiency is improved.)

1. A polarization system for piezoelectric material, comprising

Frame (4): comprises a supporting frame (41), a machine foot fixing or moving device (42) and a lead mounting groove (43);

polarization environment regulation module (1): comprises a feed inlet (111) and a discharge outlet (112); the polarization chamber (11), the polarization carrier (12) for placing the piezoelectric material sample (121), the temperature detection and regulation system (13) for regulating the polarization temperature in the polarization chamber (11), the preheating and quantitative supply system (14) for feeding insulating medium into the polarization carrier (12) and a plurality of groups of electrode plates (15) for realizing step polarization of the polarization sample are arranged in the polarization chamber (11);

piezoelectric material transfer module (2): the belt conveying device (21) is used for conveying the polarized carrier (12), the belt conveying device (21) is connected with a gear box (23), and the gear box (23) is connected with a servo motor (22);

digital integrated control system (3): the device comprises a polarized electric field digital control module electrically connected with a plurality of groups of electrode plates (15), a temperature digital control module electrically connected with a preheating and heat-preserving device (142) arranged on a temperature detection and regulation system (13) and an insulating medium preheating and quantitative supply system (14), and a transmission speed digital control module electrically connected with a servo motor (22) on a piezoelectric material transmission module (2);

the insulation medium preheating and quantitative supply system (14) comprises an insulation medium loading box (143), a preheating and heat-insulating device (142) for heating the insulation medium (145) is arranged below the insulation medium loading box (143), and an electromagnetic control flow valve (141) capable of enabling the insulation medium (145) to quantitatively flow into the polarization carrier (12) is arranged on the insulation medium loading box (143); the electromagnetic control flow valve (141) is connected with the relay (144).

2. The system for poling piezoelectric material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature detection and regulation system (13) comprises a heat blower (131) and a temperature sensor (132) arranged on the side wall of the poling chamber (11).

3. A polarization system of piezoelectric material according to claim 1, wherein said piezoelectric material sample (121) is in the form of a block or film, said piezoelectric material sample (121) being laid flat in said polarization carrier (12).

4. The polarization system of a piezoelectric material according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric material sample (121) is in a fiber rod shape, the piezoelectric material sample (121) is disposed in a mounting block (122), the mounting block (122) is disposed in the polarization carrier (12), a plurality of through holes with a diameter larger than that of the piezoelectric material sample (121) are uniformly arranged in the mounting block (122), and the piezoelectric material sample (121) is disposed in the through holes.

5. The polarization system of a piezoelectric material according to claim 4, wherein the mounting block (122) is made of high temperature glass.

6. The polarization system of a piezoelectric material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the polarization carrier (12) is made of high temperature-resistant glass; the insulating medium (145) is methyl silicone oil; the electrode plate (15) is made of red copper.

7. A method of poling a poling system of piezoelectric material as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:

s1: connecting a plurality of groups of electrode plates (15) and servo motors (22) with corresponding modules of the digital comprehensive control system (3);

s2: starting a digital comprehensive control system (3), controlling the temperature of the environment in the polarization chamber (11), the electric fields among the insulating medium (145), the multiple groups of electrode plates (15) and the rotating speed of the servo motor (22), and feeding back and storing the polarization electric field, the polarization temperature and the time of the polarization carrier (12) passing through the electric field in real time;

s3: a piezoelectric material sample (121) is placed in a polarization carrier (12), and then the polarization carrier (12) carrying the sample is placed on a belt transmission device (21) through a feed port (111);

s4: opening a relay (144) switch of the insulating medium preheating and quantitative supply system (14), and enabling the preheated insulating medium (145) to quantitatively flow into the polarization carrier (12) through an electromagnetic control flow valve (141) until the piezoelectric material sample (121) is completely immersed;

s5: starting a servo motor (22), and driving a belt transmission device (21) through a gearbox (23) to enable the piezoelectric material sample (121) to be polarized step by step in the same or different gradient electric fields;

s6: and collecting the polarized carrier (12), the piezoelectric material sample (121) and the insulating medium (145) after polarization completion at the discharge port (112).

8. The piezoelectric material polarization method using the piezoelectric material polarization system according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step S2, the field intensity of the polarized electric field of the plurality of groups of electrode plates (15) is 0.1 kv/mm-50 kv/mm, the same or different uniform electric fields are respectively arranged on the plurality of groups of electrode plates (15), the polarization temperature is 20 ℃ to 150 ℃, and the polarization time is 1min to 120 min.

9. The piezoelectric material polarization method using the piezoelectric material polarization system according to claim 7, characterized in that: step polarization is carried out on the electric fields with different gradients in the step S5, and the setting is carried out according to the following formula:

wherein E1 is the electric field intensity of the 1 st group of electrode plates (15), En is the electric field intensity of the nth group of electrode plates (15), Em is the electric field intensity of the middle mth group of electrode plates (15), m is the group number of any middle group of electrode plates (15), and n is the group number of the last group of electrode plates (15).

10. The piezoelectric material polarization method using the piezoelectric material polarization system according to claim 7, characterized in that: when the piezoelectric material sample (121) is a fiber rod material in step S3, the fiber rod is placed in the assembly block (122), and then the assembly block (122) is placed in the polarization carrier (12).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of piezoelectric material polarization, in particular to a polarization system of a piezoelectric material and a polarization method thereof.

Background

The piezoelectric material can generate an electric field through mechanical deformation and also can generate mechanical deformation through the action of the electric field, and the inherent electromechanical coupling effect and the unique sensing characteristic thereof become one of intelligent materials researched and applied in the engineering field in recent years. The piezoelectric material has the characteristics of quick response, wide frequency response range, easiness in cutting, low price and the like, and is widely applied to various fields of communication, electronics, civil engineering, machinery, aerospace and the like. With the continuous development of science and technology, the application of piezoelectric materials is more and more diversified. And the structural shapes of the required piezoelectric materials are different in the face of different working environments and working requirements. At present, people apply a lot of structural shapes such as blocks, films and fiber rods, and because the piezoelectric fiber MPF containing the metal core has a special structure, is different from common piezoelectric fibers, is expensive to prepare and has no universality, the polarization of the MPF is not considered.

The piezoelectric constant is an important parameter for measuring the strength of the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material and is directly related to the output sensitivity of the piezoelectric sensor. In order to ensure excellent piezoelectric performance, polarization of piezoelectric materials is an indispensable process. The polarization process has many factors, and the external factors are mainly the polarization electric field, the polarization temperature and the polarization time. Since the discovery of piezoelectric materials, the demand has been increasing, and more demands have been made on the piezoelectric properties thereof. How to better control external influence factors to carry out batch, high efficiency, homogenization and automatic polarization also becomes an essential technology worthy of research.

The invention patent with publication number CN102610741A discloses a piezoelectric polarization system and a polarization method, which includes a polarization host, a polarization oil tank, a polarization fixture, etc., and the system and the method are not suitable for polarization of fiber rod-shaped piezoelectric materials which are more and more widely used in the market, and the polarization fixture is not described. The invention patent of publication number CN109037432A discloses a temperature-varying polarization system and method for piezoelectric elements, which includes a control component, a polarization component and a moving component, and the system and method have low efficiency and low automation degree, and cannot realize mass production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems, provides a piezoelectric material polarization system and a polarization method thereof, and the piezoelectric material polarization system has the advantages of compact and simple structure, convenient maintenance and completely controllable polarization process, aims to realize batch step-by-step polarization of piezoelectric materials with different structural shapes (block, film, fiber rod and the like), adopts program digital control of polarization temperature, polarization electric field and polarization time, and stores and feeds back polarization process parameters in real time, realizes automatic production, improves material polarization performance, improves working efficiency, and provides experimental methods and equipment support for research of the piezoelectric material polarization process.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a polarization system of piezoelectric materials comprises a frame, a polarization environment adjusting module, a piezoelectric material conveying module and a digital comprehensive control system: the rack comprises a support frame, a machine foot fixing or moving device and a lead mounting groove; the polarization environment adjusting module comprises a polarization chamber provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and a polarization carrier for placing a piezoelectric material sample, a temperature detecting and adjusting system for adjusting the polarization temperature in the polarization chamber, a preheating and quantitative supply system for feeding insulating media into the polarization carrier, and a plurality of groups of electrode plates for realizing step-by-step polarization of the polarization sample are arranged in the polarization chamber; the piezoelectric material conveying module comprises a belt conveying device for conveying the polarization carrier, the belt conveying device is connected with a gearbox, and the gearbox is connected with a servo motor; the digital comprehensive control system comprises a polarized electric field digital control module electrically connected with a plurality of groups of electrode plates, a temperature digital control module electrically connected with a preheating and heat-preserving device arranged on a temperature detection and regulation system and an insulating medium preheating and quantitative supply system, and a transmission speed digital control module electrically connected with a servo motor on the piezoelectric material transmission module.

Furthermore, the insulation medium preheating and quantitative supply system comprises an insulation medium loading box, a preheating and heat-insulating device for heating the insulation medium is arranged below the insulation medium loading box, and an electromagnetic control flow valve capable of enabling the insulation medium to quantitatively flow into the polarization carrier is arranged on the insulation medium loading box; and the electromagnetic control flow valve is connected with the relay.

Further, the temperature detecting and adjusting system comprises a hot air blower and a temperature sensor which are arranged on the side wall of the polarizing chamber.

Furthermore, the digital integrated control system comprises a host, a display screen, a digital programming control panel, an emergency stop switch and a wiring terminal row; the wiring terminal strip comprises a first wiring terminal strip connected with the polarized electric field digital control module, a second wiring terminal strip connected with the temperature digital control module and a third wiring terminal strip connected with the transmission speed digital control module.

Further, the piezoelectric material sample is in a block shape or a film shape, and the piezoelectric material sample is flatly paved in a polarization clamp.

Furthermore, the piezoelectric material sample is in a fiber rod shape, the piezoelectric material sample is arranged in an assembly block, the assembly block is arranged in the polarization carrier, a plurality of through holes which are larger than the piezoelectric material sample in diameter and are arranged in a horizontal-vertical uniform distribution mode are arranged in the assembly block, and the piezoelectric material sample is arranged in the through holes.

Furthermore, the polarization carrier and the assembly block are made of high-temperature-resistant glass; the insulating medium is methyl silicone oil; the electrode plate is made of red copper.

A method of poling piezoelectric material in a piezoelectric material poling system, comprising the steps of:

s1: connecting a plurality of groups of electrode plates with the first wiring terminal row; connecting the air heater, the temperature sensor and the preheating and heat-insulating device with the second wiring terminal row; connecting the servo motor with the third wiring terminal row;

s2: starting a digital comprehensive control system, programming through a digital programming control panel, controlling the temperature of the environment in the polarization chamber, the insulating medium, the electric field among the multiple groups of electrode plates and the rotating speed of a servo motor, and feeding back and storing the polarization electric field, the polarization temperature and the time of the polarization carrier passing through the electric field in real time;

s3: the piezoelectric material sample is laid in the polarization carrier, and the polarization carrier with the piezoelectric material sample is placed on the belt transmission device through the feeding hole.

S4: starting a relay switch of the insulating medium preheating and quantitative supply system, enabling the preheated insulating medium to quantitatively flow into the polarization carrier through the electromagnetic control flow valve, and completely immersing the piezoelectric material sample;

s5: starting a servo motor, and carrying out polarization on the piezoelectric material sample through a transmission belt transmission device of a gearbox;

s6: and collecting the polarized carrier, the piezoelectric material sample and the insulating medium after polarization at the discharge port.

Further, the field intensity of the polarized electric field in the step S2 is 0.1 kv/mm-50 kv/mm, the same or different uniform electric fields are respectively arranged on the multi-stage electrode plates, the polarization temperature is 20 ℃ to 150 ℃, and the polarization time is 1min to 120 min; if the same or different gradient electric fields are needed to be set for step-by-step polarization, the number of the electrode plate groups is arranged according to 1-n, the 1 st group of electrode plate electric field intensity E1 and the nth group of electrode plate electric field intensity En are preset, and the middle mth group of electrode plate electric field intensity Em is set according to a formula:

wherein E1 is the electric field intensity of the 1 st group of electrode plates, En is the electric field intensity of the nth group of electrode plates, Em is the electric field intensity of the mth group of electrode plates in the middle, m is the group number of any one group of electrode plates in the middle, and n is the group number of the last group of electrode plates.

Further, if the piezoelectric material sample is a fiber rod material in step S3, the fiber rod is first placed in the assembly block, and then the assembly block is placed in the polarization carrier.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the invention mainly comprises a polarization environment adjusting module, a piezoelectric material transmission module, a digital comprehensive control system and a frame, and has simple structure and convenient installation. The space of make full use of frame and polarization room, the unified integrated management of external connection line has reduced its occupation of land space simultaneously, further has ensured operator's safety and the environment of work.

2) The invention aims to design an ideal polarization system aiming at piezoelectric materials (block, film, fiber rod and the like) with different structural forms, a polarization carrier carrying a piezoelectric material sample is conveyed by a belt conveying device, and the piezoelectric materials are polarized step by the same or different uniform electric fields, so that the polarization uniformity and the yield of the piezoelectric materials are improved, and the polarization performance of the materials is improved.

3) The invention digitally controls the polarization temperature, the polarization electric field and the polarization time by a program through a digital integrated control system, can store and feed back the parameters of the polarization process in real time, realizes automatic batch production, improves the working efficiency, and provides an experimental method and equipment support for the research of the polarization process of the piezoelectric material.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the piezoelectric material polarization system of the present invention

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization environment adjusting module according to the present invention

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a piezoelectric material transfer module according to the present invention

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the digital integrated control system according to the present invention

FIG. 5 is a front view of the polarization carrier of the present invention

FIG. 6 is a front view of an assembly block of the present invention

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an assembly block of the present invention

In the figure: 1. a polarization environment adjusting module; 2. a piezoelectric material transfer module; 3. a digital integrated control system; 4. a frame; 11. a polarization chamber; 12. a polarization carrier; 13. a temperature detection and regulation system; 14; an insulating medium preheating and quantitative supply system; 15. an electrode plate; 111. a feed inlet; 112. a discharge port; 121. a sample of piezoelectric material; 122. assembling the block; 131. a hot air blower; 132. a temperature sensor; 141. an electromagnetic control flow valve; 142. preheating a heat preservation device; 143. an insulating media loading compartment; 144. a relay; 145. an insulating medium; 21. a belt drive; 22. a servo motor; 23. a gearbox; 31. a host; 32. a display screen; 33. a digital programming control panel; 34. a scram switch; 35. a terminal block; 351. a first terminal block; 352. a second terminal block; 353. a third terminal block; 41. a support frame; 42. a pedestal fixed or mobile device; 43. wire mounting groove.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, specific embodiments thereof are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-7, the specific structure of the present invention is a polarization system of piezoelectric material, which comprises a polarization environment adjusting module 1, a piezoelectric material transferring module 2, a digital integrated control system 3 and a frame 4; the polarization environment adjusting module 1 comprises a polarization chamber 11, a polarization carrier 12, a temperature detecting and adjusting system 13, an insulating medium preheating and quantitative supply system 14 and a plurality of groups of electrode plates 15 for realizing step polarization; the piezoelectric material conveying module 2 comprises a belt conveying device 21 for conveying the polarization carrier 12, a servo motor 22 and a gearbox 23; the digital integrated control system 3 comprises a polarized electric field digital control module, a temperature digital control module and a transmission speed digital control module; the frame 4 includes a supporting frame 41, a foot fixing or moving device 42, and a wire mounting groove 43.

As shown in fig. 2, the polarization chamber 11 is provided with a closable feed port 111, a discharge port 112 and a wire installation groove 43; the temperature detecting and adjusting system 13 comprises a hot air blower 131 and a temperature sensor 132, and the temperature detecting and adjusting system 13, the plurality of sets of electrode plates 15 and the belt conveying device 21 of the polarization carrier 12 are arranged in the polarization chamber 11; the insulating medium preheating and quantitative supply system 14 comprises an electromagnetic control flow valve 141, a preheating and heat preservation device 142, an insulating medium loading box 143 and a relay 144, and is arranged at the top of the polarization chamber 11, close to the feed port 111; the preheated insulating medium 145 quantitatively flows into the polarization carrier 12 through the control of the electromagnetic control flow valve 141 and the relay 144; the multiple groups of electrode plates 15 are arranged in parallel in an aligned manner, and the same two electrode plates 15 in a single group are just opposite to the positive and negative electrodes in the polarization chamber 11 to form polarization.

As shown in fig. 4, the digital integrated control system 3 is composed of a host 31, a display screen 32, a digital programming control panel 33, an emergency stop switch 34 and a terminal block 35; the digital integrated control system 3 adopts a program to digitally control the polarization temperature, the polarization electric field and the polarization time, and stores and feeds back the parameters of the polarization process in real time; the terminal block 35 comprises a first terminal block 351 connected with the polarized electric field digital control module, a second terminal block 352 connected with the temperature digital control module and a third terminal block 353 connected with the transmission speed digital control module; the multiple groups of electrode plates 15 are connected with the first terminal strip 351 to obtain the same or different uniform electric fields; the hot air blower 131, the temperature sensor 132 and the preheating and heat-insulating device 142 are connected to the second terminal block 352, and control the temperature of the insulating medium 145 and the environment in the polarization chamber 11 during polarization; the servo motor 22 is connected to the third wiring terminal block 353, the rotating speed of the servo motor 22 is controlled, and the time of the polarized carrier 12 passing through the electric field is displayed in real time; the digital integrated control system 3 adopts program digital control polarization temperature, polarization electric field and polarization time, and stores and feeds back polarization process parameters in real time.

As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the piezoelectric material sample 121 is laid in parallel in the polarization carrier 12, if the piezoelectric material sample 121 is in a fiber rod shape, the piezoelectric material sample 121 is first placed in the assembly block 122, then the assembly block 122 is laid in the polarization carrier 12, and the assembly block 122 is provided with a plurality of through holes whose diameter is slightly larger than that of the fiber rod-shaped sample and which are uniformly distributed; the polarization carrier 12 carrying the piezoelectric material sample 121 is conveyed by a belt conveying device 21 and sequentially passes through the same or different uniform electric fields to carry out step polarization; if the piezoelectric material sample 121 is a block or a film, it may be laid flat in the polarization carrier 12 without being fixed.

The polarization carrier 12 and the assembly block 122 are made of high temperature resistant glass; the insulating medium 145 includes a liquid medium having a good insulating effect, such as methyl silicone oil; the materials of objects in the polarization chamber 11 are all high-temperature-resistant insulating materials; the electrode plate 15 is made of red copper; the external wires are all installed through the wire installation grooves 43.

The invention relates to a polarization method of a piezoelectric material polarization system, which comprises the following steps:

1) connecting the plurality of groups of electrode plates 15 with the first terminal strip 351 corresponding to the polarization electric field digital control module; the air heater 131, the temperature sensor 132 and the preheating and heat-preserving device 142 are connected with a second wiring terminal row 352 corresponding to the temperature digital control module; and connecting the servo motor 22 with a third connecting terminal row 353 corresponding to the transmission speed digital control module.

2) The digital integrated control system 3 is started, the digital programming control panel 33 is used for programming, the temperature of the environment in the polarization chamber 11, the electric fields among the insulating medium 145, the multiple groups of electrode plates 15 and the rotating speed of the servo motor 22 are controlled, and the polarization electric field, the polarization temperature and the time of the polarization carrier 12 passing through the electric field, namely the polarization time, are fed back and stored in real time; if the same or different gradient electric fields are needed to be arranged for step-by-step polarization, the electric field intensity is arranged according to the sequence of the electric fields which pass through the polarization carrier 12 in turn, the field intensity of the polarization electric field in the step is 0.1 kv/mm-50 kv/mm, the same or different uniform electric fields are respectively arranged on the plurality of groups of electrode plates 15, the polarization temperature is 20 ℃ to 150 ℃, and the polarization time is 1 min-120 min. The electric field intensity of the step polarization is set according to the following formula:

wherein: e1 is the electric field intensity of the 1 st group of electrode plates 15, En is the electric field intensity of the nth group of electrode plates 15, Em is the electric field intensity of the middle mth group of electrode plates 15, m is the number of groups of any middle group of electrode plates 15, and n is the number of groups of the last group of electrode plates 15.

3) The piezoelectric material sample 121 is laid flat in the polarization carrier 12 (if the piezoelectric material sample 121 is in the shape of a fiber rod, the piezoelectric material sample 121 is first placed in the assembly block 122, and then the assembly block 122 is laid flat in the polarization carrier 12), and then the polarization carrier 12 carrying the piezoelectric material sample 121 is placed on the belt driving device 21 through the feed opening 111.

4) The relay 144 switch of the insulating medium preheating and dosing system 14 is opened to allow the preheated insulating medium 145 to quantitatively flow into the polarization carrier 12 through the solenoid control flow valve 141, completely submerging the piezoelectric material sample 121.

5) The servo motor 22 is turned on and the belt drive 21 is driven through the gearbox 23 to polarize the piezoelectric material sample 121.

6) The polarization carrier 12, the piezoelectric material sample 121 and the insulating medium 145 after the polarization is completed are collected at the discharge port 112.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts of the present invention. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that there are objectively infinite specific structures due to the limited character expressions, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a plurality of modifications, decorations or changes may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the technical features described above may be combined in a suitable manner; such modifications, variations, combinations, or adaptations of the invention using its spirit and scope, as defined by the claims, may be directed to other uses and embodiments.