阅读说明：本技术 一种藜麦分离蛋白、淀粉、蛋白肽、膳食纤维综合加工方法 (Comprehensive processing method of chenopodium quinoa protein isolate, starch, protein peptide and dietary fiber ) 是由 刘鸿飞 陈禹 陈岳巍 于 2019-10-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种藜麦分离蛋白、淀粉、蛋白肽、膳食纤维综合加工方法,属于藜麦综合加工方法技术领域。本发明分为藜麦米、藜麦米粉的制备；藜麦分离蛋白的制备；预糊化淀粉的制备；藜麦蛋白低聚肽的制备；藜麦膳食纤维的制备；本发明各产品经检测质量指标如下：藜麦米粉的皂苷含量低于1％。藜麦分离蛋白产品,蛋白质含量大于88％,蛋白产率大于15.5％,功能性、乳化性、发泡性强,吸油吸水为1：5：5。藜麦蛋白肽产品无苦味,符合国家标准要求(GB/T22492～2008),总蛋白质含量(以干基计)≥90％、NSI≥95％、肽分子量分布≤8000Da。藜麦可溶纤维产品粒度≥500目。粗蛋白质≤4％、可溶性纤维≥28％；总膳食纤维≥68％。白度≥85％；粒度0.25mm通过99.8。(The invention provides a comprehensive processing method of chenopodium quinoa isolate protein, starch, protein peptide and dietary fiber, belonging to the technical field of chenopodium quinoa comprehensive processing methods. The invention is divided into the preparation of quinoa wheat and quinoa rice flour; preparing chenopodium quinoa willd protein isolate; preparing pregelatinized starch; preparing quinoa protein oligopeptide; preparing quinoa dietary fiber; the quality indexes of the products of the invention are as follows through detection: the saponin content of the quinoa rice flour is lower than 1%. The quinoa protein isolate product has the protein content of more than 88 percent, the protein yield of more than 15.5 percent, strong functionality, emulsibility and foamability, and the oil absorption and water absorption are 1: 5: 5. the quinoa protein peptide product has no bitter taste, meets the requirements of national standards (GB/T22492-2008), has the total protein content (calculated by dry basis) of more than or equal to 90 percent, NSI of more than or equal to 95 percent and peptide molecular weight distribution of less than or equal to 8000 Da. The particle size of the quinoa soluble fiber product is more than or equal to 500 meshes. The crude protein is less than or equal to 4 percent, and the soluble fiber is more than or equal to 28 percent; the total dietary fiber is more than or equal to 68 percent. The whiteness is more than or equal to 85 percent; the particle size 0.25mm passed 99.8.)

1. A comprehensive processing method of chenopodium quinoa protein isolate, starch, protein peptide and dietary fiber, which is characterized in that,

step one, preparation of quinoa wheat and quinoa rice flour

(1) Raw material storage: quinoa grain flows into a lifting machine through a pit hopper and is lifted to enter a high-efficiency vibrating screen, and after quinoa grain shells and large impurities are screened and removed, quinoa grain is lifted by the lifting machine and is sent to a raw material daily bin for storage;

(2) removing impurities and stones: the quinoa cereals are fed into a lifter through a screw conveyor from a lower discharge port of a day bin, and are fed into a vibrating screen through the lifter after being weighed by an intermediate weighing scale to treat the quinoa cereals for further cleaning such as side-by-side impurity silt, stone removal, side-by-side impurity, straw and the like;

(3) and (3) twice shelling: removing quinoa from cleaned quinoa grain by elevator, hulling quinoa rice, feeding quinoa rice into gravity sieve by elevator, and hulling twice;

(4) removing soap and polishing: removing soap peel with elevator and roller quinoa fine remover, polishing the quinoa rice twice with iron rod quinoa polisher, adding the polished quinoa rice into intermediate scale with elevator for metering,

(5) grading, color sorting and packaging: feeding the measured quinoa rice into a friction polishing machine air suction separator, classifying broken rice and whole grains and separating soapbark, feeding the broken rice into a broken rice storage bin through a conveyor, grinding the broken rice into powder by a grinding machine, feeding the whole grains into a color selector through a bucket, performing primary color selection and separation on the quinoa rice, performing secondary color selection through the bucket, and feeding the selected standard rice into a vacuum packaging machine for packaging, and conveying the standard rice into a warehouse through gold detection;

(6) milling the chenopodium quinoa crushed rice by a mill, wherein the particle size of the powder is 100-120 meshes, and passing the powder through a raw material which is not deeply processed by D90, namely chenopodium quinoa rice flour;

step two, preparation of quinoa protein isolate

(1) Dissolving quinoa rice flour slurry: the quinoa rice flour is continuously fed, continuously mixed with slurry, continuously added with alkali and circularly homogenized by adopting a multifunctional mixing and shearing machine; the material-water ratio is 1: 7-9; the pH value is 7.0-8.5; preparing quinoa powder milk at the water temperature of 40-55 ℃; removing impurities such as mud sand, metal particles and the like in the quinoa wheat milk by using a sand removal cyclone;

(2) separation of protein liquid and starch milk

Two horizontal separators are used for the working procedure, the soluble protein, carbohydrate and saline water separated at one time are separated from the quinoa powder slurry, and the supernatant formed at the working procedure becomes protein liquid; controlling the moisture of solid-phase starch generated by primary separation to be 45-50%, and then conveying the solid-phase starch to a starch milk storage tank through a screw conveyor;

performing secondary solid-liquid separation on the primarily separated quinoa powder slurry by using a horizontal separator, wherein the solid content of the separated heavy-phase starch milk is 38-45%, feeding the heavy-phase starch milk into a primary starch milk storage tank for washing to improve the purity of starch, and recovering quinoa fiber;

(3) starch milk washing

Separating residue fibers in the crude starch milk by a four-stage centrifugal sieve, removing soluble and insoluble proteins and fine fibers in the starch by a washing cyclone to purify the starch milk, wherein the material-water ratio is 1: 1 to 2.5; separating slag fiber in the crude starch milk by a four-stage centrifugal screen at the temperature of 40-55 ℃, and pumping the separated starch milk into a cylindrical cyclone for desanding;

feeding the purified starch milk into a starch milk tank, pumping the starch milk into a starch centrifugal dehydrator for further dehydration in a starch drying workshop by using a pump, and feeding the wet starch with the water content of less than 45% into a starch pneumatic drier for drying;

feeding the separated and washed fiber residues into a fiber workshop to produce dietary fibers, washing protein liquid with the protein content of 15-22%, and performing an acid precipitation process;

(4) acid precipitation separation: adding hydrochloric acid into protein liquid to adjust the pH value to be 4.3-4.6, carrying out continuous acid precipitation, carrying out primary curd separation on the acid precipitation liquid by using a horizontal separator, sending the separated primary whey into a sewage treatment plant, wherein the solid content of the separated solid-phase primary curd is 35-45%, crushing the solid-phase primary curd by using a crusher, the solid content is 16-18%, after crushing the primary curd by using the crusher, washing the crushed primary curd by using 25 ℃ warm water and a material-water ratio of which the water amount is 1.5-2.5 times of the weight of the curd, washing the curd by using the horizontal separator for curd separation, wherein the concentration of the secondary curd is the same as that of the primary curd, sending the separated secondary whey to a whey tank, sending the separated secondary curd of the protein to a neutralization section, and sending the secondary whey to the;

(5) neutralization and flash evaporation: adding sodium hydroxide into the secondary curd to adjust the concentration, wherein the solid content of the secondary curd is 10-13%, neutralizing, homogenizing the material by using a homogenizer, and sending the homogenized material into a flash evaporation system for sterilization, deodorization and modification;

flash deodorization serves two purposes: secondly, sterilizing, namely forming gel into the product, injecting steam into the material to enable the material to reach 130-135 ℃, enabling the material to enter a flash tank within 10-15S, controlling the vacuum degree of the flash tank to be 0.06-0.08 Mpa, eliminating peculiar smell, cooling the material at the outlet of the flash tank to be below 55 ℃, and performing heat treatment on the dispersed product at the temperature of 110-130 ℃ for 5-7S;

(6) spray drying: the content of the curd solid after flash evaporation sterilization modification is 12-14%, the curd solid enters a high-pressure pump, the pressure is 20-30 MPa, the curd solid then enters a drying system for spray drying, a fixed fluidized bed is arranged in a dryer, protein powder is sent into an external fluidized bed from the fixed fluidized bed, two-stage cyclone separation is used for protein powder agglomeration and granulation, the outlet temperature of a product is lower than 30-36 ℃, and chenopodium quinoa protein isolate is prepared;

step three, preparation of pregelatinized starch

1. Using the heavy-phase starch milk separated by the separator in the step two (2), respectively pumping the fine starch milk washed by the centrifugal screen into two positions, pumping one position into a scraper centrifuge for dehydration by a pump, removing the heavy-phase wet starch from an airflow dryer for producing common raw starch, feeding liquid-phase water of the scraper centrifuge into a starch clear solution tank, using the liquid-phase water as supplementary water for the separating screen, and drying the other position in a roller dryer for producing pre-gelatinized starch;

2. the process of pre-gelatinizing starch comprises the following steps:

(1) starch milk size mixing:

pumping the refined starch milk containing 22-25 DEG Be into a refined starch stirring tank by a pump, adjusting the concentration to be 18-22 DEG Be, and stirring at the stirring speed of 20-25 r/min;

(2) pre-pasting and drying:

pumping the starch emulsion into a double-roller dryer by a pump for drying, wherein the steam pressure is 0.6-0.8 MPa, the temperature is 145-155 ℃, the roller rotating speed is 35-55 r/min, the moving directions of two rollers of the double-roller dryer are opposite, the starch emulsion is input between the two heated rollers, and the starch emulsion is immediately gelatinized;

(3) crushing and screening:

the dried pre-gelatinized blocky starch flows into a collecting conveyor and is crushed by a crusher, the crushed granularity D90 passes through 60-80 meshes, the gelatinized starch is screened and classified by a classifying screen, and the gelatinized starch is dedusted and recovered by an impulse deduster;

(4) packaging the finished product of the pre-gelatinized starch in a finished product tank;

step four, preparation of quinoa protein oligopeptide

Taking the secondary curd of the protein isolate in the step two (4) as a raw material;

(1) size mixing pretreatment

Conditioning the secondary curd of the protein isolate, wherein the material-water ratio is 1: 3-5, the water temperature is 55-65 ℃, the pH value is 8.0-9.5, and the stirring speed is 35-43 r/min;

heating and sterilizing the prepared separated protein at the temperature of 80-95 ℃ for 10-15 min, then cooling the protein slurry to 50-55 ℃, homogenizing, and performing a shearing treatment link to obtain a quinoa separated protein solution with the solid content of 30-35%, and preparing materials for an enzymolysis process;

(2) enzymolysis separation:

adding an alkaline protease preparation with the weight of 0.9-1.8% of the dry matter of feed liquid into a quinoa protein separation solution material, continuously stirring for 1-2 hours at the stirring speed of 30-35 r/min, adding neutral protease, wherein the addition amount is 0.5-1.1% of the weight of the dry matter of the protein solution, simultaneously adding a protein modifying enzyme, the addition amount is 0.2-0.7% of the weight of the dry matter, the stirring speed is 30-35 r/min, intermittently stirring, carrying out the enzyme hydrolysis reaction at the interval time of 15-20 min, keeping the reaction time for 3-3.6 hours, heating to inactivate the enzyme, inactivating the enzyme for 12-25 min, keeping the enzyme inactivation temperature at 85-95 ℃, cooling the protease hydrolysis solution to 50-58 ℃ after inactivating the enzyme, carrying out solid-liquid separation, pumping separated supernatant into a protein peptide liquid, and entering a next working procedure by using a protein peptide liquid temporary storage tank;

(3) the separated solid phase is protein peptide slag, the solid content is 40-46%, the solid-liquid peptide slag is conveyed to a flash evaporation drying unit through a scraper conveyor, the dried material is feed protein powder, the feed protein powder is dedusted through a cyclone separator and a bag-type dust remover and is discharged, and the feed protein powder is stirred, cooled and packaged after entering a feed powder bin;

(4) purification and refining:

pumping the separated supernatant peptide liquid into an activated carbon adsorption tank by a pump from a protein peptide liquid temporary storage tank, adding 4.5-7.8% of activated carbon according to the solid-liquid mass ratio, heating to 55-68 ℃, stirring at 15-25 r/min, reacting for 1.2-1.8 h, and adsorbing and debittering the peptide liquid; then pumping into a diatomite coating filter for filtering, decoloring and separating; desalting the separated peptide liquid by a secondary nanofiltration membrane, wherein the removal rate is 95-98%, concentrating the desalted peptide liquid by an ultrafiltration membrane, screening the molecular weight of the concentrated peptide liquid by a secondary ultrafiltration membrane to select three oligopeptide liquids with the molecular weights of 2000-5000 Da, 1000-2000 Da and 1000-500 Da respectively, pumping the peptide liquid into a peptide liquid temporary storage tank by a pump, and carrying out high-temperature sterilization at the sterilization temperature of 115-135 ℃ for 5-15S;

(5) concentrating and drying

Carrying out double-effect vacuum concentration on the sterilized and deodorized protein peptide liquid, respectively carrying out vacuum concentration, concentrating solid matters to 30-40%, pressing the concentrated liquid into a high-pressure material pipeline by a high-pressure pump, carrying out spray drying in a spray drying tower, discharging dried protein peptide powder by a cyclone separator and a bag-type dust collector, entering a two-stage vibration fluidized bed, dehumidifying the protein peptide powder, cooling to 30-36 ℃, feeding the protein peptide powder into a protein peptide finished product temporary storage tank, screening, packaging, gold detection and warehousing the product protein peptide powder;

step five, preparing the quinoa dietary fiber:

(1) shear water washing

And (4) using the fiber residues separated and washed in the step two (3), shearing, and respectively feeding the fiber residues into a tempering tank and adding water, wherein the material-water ratio is 1: 1.5-2.5, diluting and washing with water, wherein the water temperature is 75-85 ℃, and the pH value is 6.8-7.2;

(2) flash evaporation sterilization

Stirring, carrying out flash evaporation sterilization at the temperature of 135-165 ℃ for 15-25S, controlling the vacuum degree at 0.06-0.08 Mpa, cooling the material at the outlet of a flash evaporation tank to 60-55 ℃, conveying the material to a centrifugal dehydrator by a pump after flash evaporation, and dehydrating the fiber residue, wherein the water content of the dehydrated fiber residue is 45-48%;

(3) grinding for breaking cell wall

And (3) mixing the washed and dehydrated slag, wherein the ratio of material to water is 1: 0.5-1, the temperature of water is 50-55 ℃, the pH value is 6.8-7.0, and the slag is ground into particle fiber slurry by an impact mill and a wall breaking grinder, wherein the particle size of the fiber slurry is less than or equal to 2000 meshes. The slurry passes through a buffer tank and then goes to the next working section;

(4) concentrating and drying

The ground fiber slurry enters a pressure pump through a discharge homogenizer and is sent into an evaporator for concentration. And (3) drying the concentrated slurry in a spray drying tower by hot air, feeding the dried fiber powder into a two-stage cyclone separator and a one-stage cloth bag collector along with the hot air, dehumidifying and cooling the collected dietary fiber powder by a two-stage fluidized bed to ensure that the temperature of the product is lower than 30-36 ℃, feeding the product into a finished product bin, and packaging the product.

2. The comprehensive processing method of quinoa protein isolate, starch, protein peptide and dietary fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step one (5), the selected heterochromatic rice is classified into primary heterochromatic rice, secondary heterochromatic rice and tertiary heterochromatic rice, which are respectively put into a primary bin, a secondary bin and a tertiary bin, and then the primary, secondary and tertiary bins are subjected to vacuum packaging after an automatic weighing scale, and then are conveyed to a storage after gold inspection.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a comprehensive processing method of chenopodium quinoa protein isolate, pregelatinized starch, protein peptide and dietary fiber, belonging to the technical field of chenopodium quinoa comprehensive processing methods.

Background

Chenopodium quinoa is a world-recognized high-nutrition whole-protein health food, a product such as chenopodium quinoa protein isolate and the like, is a natural green organic food with higher nutritional value, rich amino acid and protein content and easy absorption. The comprehensive processing method of chenopodium quinoa protein isolate, pregelatinized starch, protein peptide and dietary fiber is still blank at home and abroad at present, the development and the start of the chenopodium quinoa industry in China are late, the planting area is small, the number of chenopodium quinoa processing enterprises is small, the types of processed products are small, the scale is small, the types of products are single, the industrialization level is low, the industrial chain is short, the characteristic brands are not formed, and the specialized processing equipment is not uniform. Most of processed products are quinoa wheat and lack of products with high added values.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and further provides a comprehensive processing method of chenopodium quinoa protein isolate, starch, protein peptide and dietary fiber.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a comprehensive processing method of chenopodium quinoa protein isolate, starch, protein peptide and dietary fiber is realized according to the following steps:

step one, preparation of quinoa wheat and quinoa rice flour

(1) Raw material storage: quinoa grain flows into a lifting machine through a pit hopper and is lifted to enter a high-efficiency vibrating screen, quinoa grain shells and large impurities are screened and removed, and then quinoa grain is lifted by the lifting machine and is conveyed to a raw material daily bin for storage.

(2) Removing impurities and stones: the quinoa wheat grain is fed into a lifting machine from a discharge port of a day bin through a screw conveyor, and then is fed into a vibrating screen through the lifting machine after being measured by an intermediate weighing scale to treat the quinoa wheat grain, such as side-by-side impurity silt, stone removal, side-by-side impurity, straw and the like, and further cleaned.

(3) And (3) twice shelling: the quinoa grains after being cleaned are removed from quinoa huller by a lifter, the quinoa rice after being once hulled is fed into a gravity sieve by the lifter to be hulled for the second time.

(4) Removing soap and polishing: after secondary shelling, soapbark is removed by a lifter and a sand roller chenopodium quinoa fine remover, and the chenopodium quinoa rice after soaping is polished for two times by an iron roller chenopodium quinoa polishing machine. And lifting the polished quinoa rice into a middle weighing scale by a lifter for metering.

(5) Grading, color sorting and packaging: the measured quinoa rice enters a friction polisher air suction separator to classify broken rice and whole grain rice and separate soapbark, and the broken rice enters a broken rice storage bin through a conveyor to be ground in a grinding machine. And (3) carrying out primary color separation on the whole grains of quinoa wheat and rice by a bucket elevator in a color separator, carrying out secondary color separation by the bucket elevator, and packaging the selected standard grains in a vacuum packaging machine, and conveying the grains to be warehoused by gold detection.

(6) The chenopodium quinoa broken rice is ground into powder by a grinding mill, the granularity of the powder is 100-120 meshes, and the chenopodium quinoa broken rice is processed through D90 raw materials which are not deeply processed, namely chenopodium quinoa rice flour.

Step two, preparation of quinoa protein isolate

(1) Dissolving quinoa rice flour slurry: the quinoa rice flour is continuously fed, continuously mixed with slurry, continuously added with alkali and circularly homogenized by adopting a multifunctional mixing and shearing machine. The material-water ratio is 1: 7-9; the pH value is 7.0-8.5; preparing quinoa powder milk at the water temperature of 40-55 ℃; and removing impurities such as mud sand, metal particles and the like in the quinoa wheat milk by using a sand removal cyclone.

(2) Separation of protein liquid and starch milk

Two horizontal separators are used for the working procedure, the soluble protein, carbohydrate and saline water separated at one time are separated from the quinoa powder slurry, and the supernatant formed at the working procedure becomes protein liquid; and controlling the moisture of solid-phase starch generated by primary separation to be 45-50%, and then conveying the solid-phase starch to a starch milk storage tank through a screw conveyor.

And (3) carrying out secondary solid-liquid separation on the quinoa powder slurry obtained by the primary separation by using a horizontal separator, wherein the solid content of the separated heavy-phase starch milk is 38-45%, feeding the heavy-phase starch milk into a primary starch milk storage tank for washing to improve the purity of starch, and recovering quinoa fiber.

(3) Starch milk washing

Separating residue fiber in the coarse starch milk by a four-stage centrifugal screen, and removing soluble and insoluble protein and fine fiber in the starch by a washing cyclone to purify the starch milk. The material-water ratio is 1: 1 to 2.5; and (3) separating slag fibers in the crude starch milk by a four-stage centrifugal screen at the temperature of 40-55 ℃, and pumping the separated starch milk into a cylindrical cyclone for desanding.

And the purified starch milk enters a starch milk tank, is sent into a starch drying workshop and is pumped into a starch centrifugal dehydrator by a pump for further dehydration, and the wet starch with the water content lower than 45 percent enters a starch pneumatic drier for drying.

The separated and washed fiber residue is sent to a fiber workshop to produce dietary fiber. Washing protein liquid with protein content of 15-22% and acid deposition.

(4) Acid precipitation separation: adding hydrochloric acid into the protein liquid to adjust the pH value to be 4.3-4.6, carrying out continuous acid precipitation, carrying out primary curd separation on the acid precipitation liquid by using a horizontal separator, and feeding the separated primary whey into a sewage treatment plant. The solid content of the separated solid-phase primary curd is 35-45%, and the solid content is 16-18% after being broken by a breaker. And after the primary curd is broken by the primary curd breaking machine, washing with water at 25 ℃ by adding water at a material-water ratio of 1.5-2.5 times of the weight of the curd, and washing with water by using a horizontal separator for separation of the curd, wherein the concentration of the secondary curd is the same as that of the primary curd. The separated secondary whey is sent to a whey tank, and the separated protein secondary curd is sent to a neutralization section. The secondary whey is sent to a sewage treatment plant.

(5) Neutralization and flash evaporation: and adding sodium hydroxide into the secondary curd to adjust the concentration, wherein the solid content of the secondary curd is 10-13%, neutralizing, homogenizing the material by using a homogenizer, and conveying the homogenized material into a flash evaporation system for sterilization, deodorization and modification.

Flash deodorization serves two purposes: firstly, sterilization and secondly, the product forms gel. Injecting steam into the material to reach 130-135 ℃ and entering the flash tank within 10-15S. Controlling the vacuum degree of the flash tank to be 0.06-0.08 Mpa, eliminating peculiar smell, cooling the material at the outlet of the flash tank to be below 55 ℃, and performing heat treatment on the dispersed product at the temperature of 110-130 ℃ for 5-7 seconds.

(6) Spray drying: and (3) enabling the content of the flash evaporation sterilized modified curd solid to be 12-14%, enabling the curd solid to enter a high-pressure pump, enabling the curd solid to enter a drying system for spray drying under the pressure of 20-30 MPa, arranging a fixed fluidized bed in a dryer, enabling the protein powder to be sent into an external fluidized bed from the fixed fluidized bed, and enabling the two-stage cyclone separation to be used for protein powder agglomeration and granulation to enable the temperature of a product outlet to be lower than 30-36 ℃ to prepare chenopodium quinoa protein isolate.

Step three, preparation of pregelatinized starch

1. And (3) using the heavy-phase starch milk separated by the separator in the step (2), pumping the fine starch milk washed by the centrifugal screen into two positions respectively, pumping one path of the fine starch milk into a scraper centrifuge by a pump for dehydration, and removing the heavy-phase wet starch into an airflow dryer to produce the common raw starch. Liquid phase water of the scraper centrifuge enters a starch clear liquid tank to be used as supplementary water for a separation sieve. And the other path is sent to a roller dryer for drying to produce the pregelatinized starch.

2. The process of pre-gelatinizing starch comprises the following steps:

(1) starch milk size mixing:

pumping the refined starch milk containing 22 DEG Be-25 DEG Be into a refined starch stirring tank by a pump, adjusting the concentration to be 18-22 DEG Be, and stirring at the stirring speed of 20-25 r/min.

(2) Pre-pasting and drying:

pumping the starch milk into a double-roller dryer for drying by a pump. The steam pressure is 0.6-0.8 MPa, the temperature is 145-155 ℃, and the roller rotating speed is 35-55 r/min. The two rollers of the double-roller dryer move in opposite directions, starch emulsion is fed between the two heated rollers and is immediately gelatinized,

(3) crushing and screening:

and (3) allowing the dried pregelatinized blocky starch to flow into a collecting conveyor, and crushing the dried pregelatinized blocky starch in a crusher until the crushed granularity D90 passes through 60-80 meshes. The gelatinized starch is screened and classified by a classifying screen and is dedusted and recovered by an impulse deduster.

(4) And packaging the finished product of the pre-gelatinized starch in a finished product tank.

Step four, preparation of quinoa protein oligopeptide

And (5) taking the secondary curd of the protein isolate in the step (4) as a raw material.

(1) Size mixing pretreatment

And (3) tempering the secondary curd of the protein isolate, wherein the material-water ratio is 1: 3-5, the water temperature is 55-65 ℃, the PH value is 8.0-9.5, and the stirring speed is 35-43 r/min.

And (3) heating and sterilizing the prepared separated protein at the temperature of 80-95 ℃ for 10-15 min, then cooling the protein slurry to 50-55 ℃, homogenizing, performing a shearing treatment link to obtain a quinoa separated protein solution with the solid content of 30-35%, and preparing materials for an enzymolysis process.

(2) Enzymolysis separation:

adding an alkaline protease preparation with the weight of 0.9-1.8% of the dry matter of feed liquid into a quinoa protein separation solution material, continuously stirring for 1-2 h under the condition of stirring speed of 30-35 r/min, adding neutral protease, wherein the addition amount is 0.5-1.1% of the weight of the dry matter of the protein solution, simultaneously adding protein modifying enzyme, the addition amount is 0.2-0.7% of the weight of the dry matter, the stirring speed is 30-35 r/min, intermittently stirring for 15-20 min, carrying out enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, keeping the reaction time for 3-3.6 h, heating to inactivate enzyme for 12-25 min, inactivating the enzyme at the temperature of 85-95 ℃, cooling the enzymatic hydrolysate to 50-58 ℃ after inactivating the enzyme, and carrying out solid-liquid separation. The separated supernatant is the protein peptide liquid pumped into a temporary storage tank of the protein peptide liquid by a pump to enter the next working procedure.

(3) The separated solid phase is protein peptide slag, the solid content is 40-46%, the solid-liquid peptide slag is conveyed to a flash evaporation drying unit through a scraper conveyor, the dried material is feed protein powder, the feed protein powder is dedusted through a cyclone separator and a bag-type dust remover, and the material is stirred, cooled and packaged after entering a feed powder bin.

(4) Purification and refining:

pumping the separated supernatant peptide liquid into an activated carbon adsorption tank by a pump from a protein peptide liquid temporary storage tank, adding 4.5-7.8% of activated carbon according to the solid-liquid mass ratio (dry matter of the peptide liquid), heating to 55-68 ℃, stirring at the speed of 15-25 r/min, reacting for 1.2-1.8 h, and carrying out adsorption debittering on the peptide liquid; then pumping into a diatomite coating filter for filtering, decoloring and separating; and desalting the separated peptide liquid by a secondary nanofiltration membrane (NF), wherein the removal rate is 95-98%. Concentrating the desalted peptide liquid through an ultrafiltration membrane, screening the molecular weight of the peptide liquid through a second-stage ultrafiltration membrane, selecting three oligopeptide liquids with the molecular weights of 2000-5000 Da, 1000-2000 Da and 1000-500 Da respectively, pumping the peptide liquid into a peptide liquid temporary storage tank through a pump, and carrying out high-temperature sterilization at the temperature of 115-135 ℃ for 5-15S.

(5) Concentrating and drying

And (2) carrying out double-effect vacuum concentration on the sterilized and deodorized protein peptide liquid, respectively carrying out vacuum concentration, concentrating solid matters to 30-40%, pressing the concentrated solution into a high-pressure material pipeline by a high-pressure pump, carrying out spray drying in a spray drying tower, discharging dried protein peptide powder by a cyclone separator and a bag-type dust collector, entering a two-stage vibration fluidized bed, dehumidifying the protein peptide powder, cooling to 30-36 ℃, and conveying into a protein peptide finished product temporary storage tank. And screening, packaging, gold detection and warehousing the protein peptide powder product.

Step five, preparing the quinoa dietary fiber:

(1) shear water washing

And (4) using the fiber residues separated and washed in the step two (3), shearing, and respectively feeding the fiber residues into a tempering tank and adding water, wherein the material-water ratio is 1: 1.5-2.5, water temperature of 75-85 ℃, pH value of 6.8-7.2, diluting and washing.

(2) Flash evaporation sterilization

Stirring, and carrying out flash evaporation sterilization at the temperature of 135-165 ℃ for 15-25S. Controlling the vacuum degree to be 0.06-0.08 Mpa, and cooling the material at the outlet of the flash tank to 60-55 ℃. And (4) after flash evaporation, conveying the fiber residue into a centrifugal dehydrator by a pump for dehydration, wherein the dehydrated fiber residue contains 45-48% of water.

(3) Grinding for breaking cell wall

And (3) mixing the washed and dehydrated slag, wherein the ratio of material to water is 1: 0.5-1, the temperature of water is 50-55 ℃, the pH value is 6.8-7.0, and the slag is ground into particle fiber slurry by an impact mill and a wall breaking grinder, wherein the particle size of the fiber slurry is less than or equal to 2000 meshes. The slurry passes through a buffer tank and then goes to the next working section.

(4) Concentrating and drying

The ground fiber slurry enters a pressure pump through a discharge homogenizer and is sent into an evaporator for concentration. And (3) drying the concentrated slurry in a spray drying tower by hot air, feeding the dried fiber powder into a two-stage cyclone separator and a one-stage cloth bag collector along with the hot air, dehumidifying and cooling the collected dietary fiber powder by a two-stage fluidized bed to ensure that the temperature of the product is lower than 30-36 ℃, feeding the product into a finished product bin, and packaging the product.

The quality indexes of various products processed and produced by quinoa in the invention are as follows through detection:

the saponin content of the quinoa rice flour is lower than 1%.

The quinoa protein isolate product has the protein content of more than 88 percent, the protein yield of more than 15.5 percent, strong functionality, emulsibility and foamability, and the oil absorption and water absorption are 1: 5: 5.

the quinoa protein peptide product has no bitter taste, meets the requirements of national standards (GB/T22492-2008), has the total protein content (calculated by dry basis) of more than or equal to 90 percent, NSI of more than or equal to 95 percent and peptide molecular weight distribution of less than or equal to 8000 Da.

The quinoa soluble fiber product has the granularity of more than or equal to 500 meshes and good solubility. The crude protein is less than or equal to 4 percent, and the soluble fiber is more than or equal to 28 percent; the total dietary fiber is more than or equal to 68 percent.

The gelatinized starch has good color and luster, and the whiteness is more than or equal to 85 percent; the particle size of 0.25mm passes 99.8; has good instant solubility.

The invention realizes the comprehensive processing of the chenopodium quinoa rice, the separated chenopodium quinoa protein, the starch, the protein peptide and the dietary fiber, realizes the diversity processing of the product and greatly improves the added value of the chenopodium quinoa product.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below: the present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation is given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

The comprehensive processing method of chenopodium quinoa isolate protein, starch, protein peptide and dietary fiber related by the embodiment comprises the following steps:

step one, preparation of quinoa wheat and quinoa rice flour

(1) Raw material storage: quinoa grain flows into a lifting machine through a pit hopper and is lifted to enter a high-efficiency vibrating screen, quinoa grain shells and large impurities are screened and removed, and then quinoa grain is lifted by the lifting machine and is conveyed to a raw material daily bin for storage.

(2) Removing impurities and stones: the quinoa wheat grain is fed into a lifting machine from a discharge port of a day bin through a screw conveyor, and then is fed into a vibrating screen through the lifting machine after being measured by an intermediate weighing scale to treat the quinoa wheat grain, such as side-by-side impurity silt, stone removal, side-by-side impurity, straw and the like, and further cleaned.

(3) And (3) twice shelling: the quinoa grains after being cleaned are removed from quinoa huller by a lifter, the quinoa rice after being once hulled is fed into a gravity sieve by the lifter to be hulled for the second time.

(4) Removing soap and polishing: after secondary shelling, soapbark is removed by a lifter and a sand roller chenopodium quinoa fine remover, and the chenopodium quinoa rice after soaping is polished for two times by an iron roller chenopodium quinoa polishing machine. And lifting the polished quinoa rice into a middle weighing scale by a lifter for metering.

(5) Grading, color sorting and packaging: the measured quinoa rice enters a friction polisher air suction separator to classify broken rice and whole grain rice and separate soapbark, and the broken rice enters a broken rice storage bin through a conveyor to be ground in a grinding machine. And (3) carrying out primary color separation on the whole grains of quinoa wheat and rice by a bucket elevator in a color separator, carrying out secondary color separation by the bucket elevator, and packaging the selected standard grains in a vacuum packaging machine, and conveying the grains to be warehoused by gold detection.

(6) The chenopodium quinoa broken rice is ground into powder by a grinding mill, the granularity of the powder is 100-120 meshes, and the chenopodium quinoa broken rice is processed through D90 raw materials which are not deeply processed, namely chenopodium quinoa rice flour.

Step two, preparation of quinoa protein isolate

(1) Dissolving quinoa rice flour slurry: the quinoa rice flour is continuously fed, continuously mixed with slurry, continuously added with alkali and circularly homogenized by adopting a multifunctional mixing and shearing machine. The material-water ratio is 1: 7-9; the pH value is 7.0-8.5; preparing quinoa powder milk at the water temperature of 40-55 ℃; and removing impurities such as mud sand, metal particles and the like in the quinoa wheat milk by using a sand removal cyclone.

(2) Separation of protein liquid and starch milk

Two horizontal separators are used for the working procedure, the soluble protein, carbohydrate and saline water separated at one time are separated from the quinoa powder slurry, and the supernatant formed at the working procedure becomes protein liquid; and controlling the moisture of solid-phase starch generated by primary separation to be 45-50%, and then conveying the solid-phase starch to a starch milk storage tank through a screw conveyor.

And (3) carrying out secondary solid-liquid separation on the quinoa powder slurry obtained by the primary separation by using a horizontal separator, wherein the solid content of the separated heavy-phase starch milk is 38-45%, feeding the heavy-phase starch milk into a primary starch milk storage tank for washing to improve the purity of starch, and recovering quinoa fiber.

(3) Starch milk washing

Separating residue fiber in the coarse starch milk by a four-stage centrifugal screen, and removing soluble and insoluble protein and fine fiber in the starch by a washing cyclone to purify the starch milk. The material-water ratio is 1: 1 to 2.5; and (3) separating slag fibers in the crude starch milk by a four-stage centrifugal screen at the temperature of 40-55 ℃, and pumping the separated starch milk into a cylindrical cyclone for desanding.

And the purified starch milk enters a starch milk tank, is sent into a starch drying workshop and is pumped into a starch centrifugal dehydrator by a pump for further dehydration, and the wet starch with the water content lower than 45 percent enters a starch pneumatic drier for drying. The starch can account for 55-58% of the quinoa wheat flour in a dry state, and the byproduct contains 2-3% of protein and 50-55% of starch. And carrying out deep processing on the pregelatinized starch.

The separated and washed fiber residue is sent to a fiber workshop to produce dietary fiber. Washing protein liquid with protein content of 15-22% and acid deposition.

(4) Acid precipitation separation: adding hydrochloric acid into the protein liquid to adjust the pH value to be 4.3-4.6, carrying out continuous acid precipitation, carrying out primary curd separation on the acid precipitation liquid by using a horizontal separator, and feeding the separated primary whey into a sewage treatment plant. The solid content of the separated solid-phase primary curd is 35-45%, and the solid content is 16-18% after being broken by a breaker. And after the primary curd is broken by the primary curd breaking machine, washing with water at 25 ℃ by adding water at a material-water ratio of 1.5-2.5 times of the weight of the curd, and washing with water by using a horizontal separator for separation of the curd, wherein the concentration of the secondary curd is the same as that of the primary curd. The separated secondary whey is sent to a whey tank, and the separated protein secondary curd is sent to a neutralization section. The secondary whey is sent to a sewage treatment plant.

(5) Neutralization and flash evaporation: and adding sodium hydroxide into the secondary curd to adjust the concentration, wherein the solid content of the secondary curd is 10-13%, neutralizing, homogenizing the material by using a homogenizer, and conveying the homogenized material into a flash evaporation system for sterilization, deodorization and modification.

Flash deodorization serves two purposes: firstly, sterilization and secondly, the product forms gel. Injecting steam into the material to reach 130-135 ℃ and entering the flash tank within 10-15S. Controlling the vacuum degree of the flash tank to be 0.06-0.08 Mpa, eliminating peculiar smell, cooling the material at the outlet of the flash tank to be below 55 ℃, and performing heat treatment on the dispersed product at the temperature of 110-130 ℃ for 5-7 seconds.

(6) Spray drying: and (3) enabling the content of the flash evaporation sterilized modified curd solid to be 12-14%, enabling the curd solid to enter a high-pressure pump, enabling the curd solid to enter a drying system for spray drying under the pressure of 20-30 MPa, arranging a fixed fluidized bed in a dryer, enabling the protein powder to be sent into an external fluidized bed from the fixed fluidized bed, and enabling the two-stage cyclone separation to be used for protein powder agglomeration and granulation to enable the temperature of a product outlet to be lower than 30-36 ℃ to prepare chenopodium quinoa protein isolate.

Step three, preparation of pregelatinized starch

1. And (3) using the heavy-phase starch milk separated by the separator in the step (2), pumping the fine starch milk washed by the centrifugal screen into two positions respectively, pumping one path of the fine starch milk into a scraper centrifuge by a pump for dehydration, and removing the heavy-phase wet starch into an airflow dryer to produce the common raw starch. Liquid phase water of the scraper centrifuge enters a starch clear liquid tank to be used as supplementary water for a separation sieve. And the other path is sent to a roller dryer for drying to produce the pregelatinized starch.

2. The process of pre-gelatinizing starch comprises the following steps:

(1) starch milk size mixing:

pumping the refined starch milk containing 22 DEG Be-25 DEG Be into a refined starch stirring tank by a pump, adjusting the concentration to be 18-22 DEG Be, and stirring at the stirring speed of 20-25 r/min.

(2) Pre-pasting and drying:

pumping the starch milk into a double-roller dryer for drying by a pump. The steam pressure is 0.6-0.8 MPa, the temperature is 145-155 ℃, and the roller rotating speed is 35-55 r/min. The two rollers of the double-roller dryer move in opposite directions, the starch emulsion is fed between the two heated rollers, and the emulsion is gelatinized immediately.

(3) Crushing and screening:

and (3) allowing the dried pregelatinized blocky starch to flow into a collecting conveyor, and crushing the dried pregelatinized blocky starch in a crusher until the crushed granularity D90 passes through 60-80 meshes. The gelatinized starch is screened and classified by a classifying screen and is dedusted and recovered by an impulse deduster.

(4) And packaging the finished product of the pre-gelatinized starch in a finished product tank.

Step four, preparation of quinoa protein oligopeptide

And (5) taking the secondary curd of the protein isolate in the step (4) as a raw material.

(1) Size mixing pretreatment

And (3) tempering the secondary curd of the protein isolate, wherein the material-water ratio is 1: 3-5, the water temperature is 55-65 ℃, the PH value is 8.0-9.5, and the stirring speed is 35-43 r/min.

And (3) heating and sterilizing the prepared separated protein at the temperature of 80-95 ℃ for 10-15 min, then cooling the protein slurry to 50-55 ℃, homogenizing, performing a shearing treatment link to obtain a quinoa separated protein solution with the solid content of 30-35%, and preparing materials for an enzymolysis process.

(2) Enzymolysis separation:

adding an alkaline protease preparation with the weight of 0.9-1.8% of the dry matter of feed liquid into a quinoa protein separation solution material, continuously stirring for 1-2 h under the condition of stirring speed of 30-35 r/min, adding neutral protease, wherein the addition amount is 0.5-1.1% of the weight of the dry matter of the protein solution, simultaneously adding protein modifying enzyme, the addition amount is 0.2-0.7% of the weight of the dry matter, the stirring speed is 30-35 r/min, intermittently stirring for 15-20 min, carrying out enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, keeping the reaction time for 3-3.6 h, heating to inactivate enzyme for 12-25 min, inactivating the enzyme at the temperature of 85-95 ℃, cooling the enzymatic hydrolysate to 50-58 ℃ after inactivating the enzyme, and carrying out solid-liquid separation. The separated supernatant is the protein peptide liquid pumped into a temporary storage tank of the protein peptide liquid by a pump to enter the next working procedure.

(3) The separated solid phase is protein peptide slag, the solid content is 40-46%, the solid-liquid peptide slag is conveyed to a flash evaporation drying unit through a scraper conveyor, the dried material is feed protein powder, the feed protein powder is dedusted through a cyclone separator and a bag-type dust remover, and the material is stirred, cooled and packaged after entering a feed powder bin.

(4) Purification and refining:

pumping the separated supernatant peptide liquid into an activated carbon adsorption tank by a pump from a protein peptide liquid temporary storage tank, adding 4.5-7.8% of activated carbon according to the solid-liquid mass ratio (dry matter of the peptide liquid), heating to 55-68 ℃, stirring at the speed of 15-25 r/min, reacting for 1.2-1.8 h, and carrying out adsorption debittering on the peptide liquid; then pumping into a diatomite coating filter for filtering, decoloring and separating; and desalting the separated peptide liquid by a secondary nanofiltration membrane (NF), wherein the removal rate is 95-98%. Concentrating the desalted peptide liquid through an ultrafiltration membrane, screening the molecular weight of the peptide liquid through a second-stage ultrafiltration membrane, selecting three oligopeptide liquids with the molecular weights of 2000-5000 Da, 1000-2000 Da and 1000-500 Da respectively, pumping the peptide liquid into a peptide liquid temporary storage tank through a pump, and carrying out high-temperature sterilization at the temperature of 115-135 ℃ for 5-15S.

(5) Concentrating and drying

And (2) carrying out double-effect vacuum concentration on the sterilized and deodorized protein peptide liquid, respectively carrying out vacuum concentration, concentrating solid matters to 30-40%, pressing the concentrated solution into a high-pressure material pipeline by a high-pressure pump, carrying out spray drying in a spray drying tower, discharging dried protein peptide powder by a cyclone separator and a bag-type dust collector, entering a two-stage vibration fluidized bed, dehumidifying the protein peptide powder, cooling to 30-36 ℃, and conveying into a protein peptide finished product temporary storage tank. And screening, packaging, gold detection and warehousing the protein peptide powder product.

Step five, preparing the quinoa dietary fiber:

(1) shear water washing

And (4) using the fiber residues separated and washed in the step two (3), shearing, and respectively feeding the fiber residues into a tempering tank and adding water, wherein the material-water ratio is 1: 1.5-2.5, water temperature of 75-85 ℃, pH value of 6.8-7.2, diluting and washing.

(2) Flash evaporation sterilization

Stirring, and carrying out flash evaporation sterilization at the temperature of 135-165 ℃ for 15-25S. Controlling the vacuum degree to be 0.06-0.08 Mpa, and cooling the material at the outlet of the flash tank to 60-55 ℃. And (4) after flash evaporation, conveying the fiber residue into a centrifugal dehydrator by a pump for dehydration, wherein the dehydrated fiber residue contains 45-48% of water.

(3) Grinding for breaking cell wall

And (3) mixing the washed and dehydrated slag, wherein the ratio of material to water is 1: 0.5-1, the temperature of water is 50-55 ℃, the pH value is 6.8-7.0, and the slag is ground into particle fiber slurry by an impact mill and a wall breaking grinder, wherein the particle size of the fiber slurry is less than or equal to 2000 meshes. The slurry passes through a buffer tank and then goes to the next working section.

(4) Concentrating and drying

The ground fiber slurry enters a pressure pump through a discharge homogenizer and is sent into an evaporator for concentration. And (3) drying the concentrated slurry in a spray drying tower by hot air, feeding the dried fiber powder into a two-stage cyclone separator and a one-stage cloth bag collector along with the hot air, dehumidifying and cooling the collected dietary fiber powder by a two-stage fluidized bed to ensure that the temperature of the product is lower than 30-36 ℃, feeding the product into a finished product bin, and packaging the product.

And (5) separating the selected different-color rice into different-color first-level rice, second-level rice and third-level rice, respectively entering a first-level bin, a second-level bin and a third-level bin, automatically weighing, performing vacuum packaging, and conveying to a gold inspection warehouse.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and these embodiments are based on different implementations of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.