阅读说明：本技术 一种激光焊接设备及其焊接方法 (Laser welding equipment and welding method thereof ) 是由 颜勇 于 2018-06-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种激光焊接设备及其焊接方法；本发明的激光焊接设备对于对角焊、叠焊等都可运用,由于是手持形式,适用性强,比大多数台式激光焊接机限制低；本发明的手持激光焊接设备使用寿命长,不需要定期更换损耗品,焊接质量可靠、美观、无变形,可实现船用薄钢板焊接,并且激光焊枪通过弯折段的设置可以避免焊枪在使用过程中光缆在枪体后端端部发生弯曲半径过小的弯折,从而降低了光缆在该处发生折断的可能；同时弯折段由呈螺旋形的导向条构成,同时弯折段靠近枪体的一端直径大于远离枪体的一端的直径,使弯折段在弯折时靠近枪体端部的弯曲半径大于远离枪体段的弯曲半径,避免光缆在枪体后端由于自由度较小,在发生弯折时产生折断现象。(The invention discloses a laser welding device and a welding method thereof; the laser welding equipment can be applied to diagonal welding, stitch welding and the like, and is handheld, so that the applicability is strong, and the limitation is lower than that of most desktop laser welding machines; the handheld laser welding equipment has long service life, does not need to replace a worn product periodically, has reliable welding quality, attractive appearance and no deformation, can realize the welding of the marine thin steel plate, and can prevent the optical cable from being bent with an excessively small bending radius at the rear end part of the gun body by arranging the bending section of the laser welding gun in the use process, thereby reducing the possibility of breaking the optical cable at the position; meanwhile, the bending section is composed of a spiral guide strip, the diameter of one end, close to the gun body, of the bending section is larger than that of one end, far away from the gun body, of the bending section, so that the bending radius, close to the end of the gun body, of the bending section is larger than that of the end, far away from the gun body, of the bending section when the bending section is bent, and the phenomenon that the optical cable is broken when the bending occurs due to the fact that the degree of freedom is small at the rear.)

1. A laser welding device comprises a welding cabinet, a laser welding gun and a focusing mirror, and is characterized in that a pulse laser and a main control circuit are arranged in the welding cabinet, the pulse laser is electrically connected with the main control circuit, and the pulse laser is connected with the laser welding gun through an optical fiber; the laser welding gun is also internally provided with a sighting device for emitting and guiding indicating light, and the sighting device is electrically connected with the main control circuit; the sighting device is arranged at the geometric solid center of the laser welding gun, and the guiding indication light emitted by the sighting device and the laser beam entering the laser welding gun are emitted in a collinear way; one end of the optical fiber is connected with the pulse laser, and the other end of the optical fiber is connected with a light inlet arranged at the central position of the tail part of the laser welding gun; a constant-temperature dehumidifying device is also arranged in the welding cabinet and is electrically connected with the main control circuit; a man-machine panel is arranged on the outer side wall of the welding cabinet and is electrically connected with the main control circuit; the man-machine panel comprises one or more of an indicator light, a button and a display screen; still be equipped with the insurance circuit in the welding rack, the insurance circuit electricity is connected between main control circuit and the pulse laser.

2. The laser welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the focusing lens employs an optical collimating and focusing lens; the focusing mirror is arranged in the laser welding gun.

3. The laser welding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the pulse laser emitted from the pulse laser is 800-1100nm, the pulse width of the pulse laser is 100fs-240ns, the repetition frequency of the pulse laser is 50Hz-1MHz, and the single pulse energy of the pulse laser is 0.3mJ-0.6 mJ.

4. The laser welding equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser welding gun comprises a gun body, a laser outlet is arranged at the front end of the gun body, and an optical fiber connecting port is arranged at the rear end of the gun body; the rear end of the gun body is provided with a guide section for guiding and protecting the optical fiber; the guide section is sleeved on the outer side of the optical fiber and made of plastic, and the front end of the guide section is fixed at the rear end of the gun body through a nut; a guide section is sleeved outside the optical fiber; the guide section is formed by plastic through integral injection molding and is divided into a circular ring section, a bending section and a nut connected with the gun body; the bending section is composed of a spiral guide strip and is positioned between the nut and the circular ring section; the diameter of one end of the bending section close to the gun body is larger than that of one end far away from the gun body; meanwhile, the section of the guide strip is isosceles trapezoid; the gun body is also provided with a handle which is convenient to hold, the handle is integrally provided with two hoops for clamping the gun body, and the gun body is hooped between the hoops through screws; meanwhile, a placing groove is formed in the surface of the hoop, which is abutted against the gun body, and a rubber pad used for increasing the friction force between the hoop and the gun body is arranged in the placing groove; in addition, the handle is provided with grooves attached to the fingers, and the number of the grooves is 4.

5. A laser welding method, characterized by comprising the steps of a: putting the welding material and the welded piece into an ultrasonic cleaning instrument filled with deionized water, cleaning and drying; step b: setting working parameters of the handheld laser welding equipment, and carrying out spot welding on the welded piece and the welding material by adopting the handheld laser welding equipment; step c: and continuously carrying out full welding along the joint of the welded piece and the welding material to finish welding.

6. The laser welding method according to claim 5, wherein in the step a, the surfaces of the welded piece and the welding material can be dried by cold air or naturally dried at room temperature, so that the surfaces of the welded piece and the welding material can present uniform metallic luster.

7. A laser welding method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the distance of the spot welding in step b is 1-5mm from the edge of the welded piece, the interval length of the spot welding is less than 25mm, no missing welding and over interval welding are required, the gap between the welded piece and the welding material is checked after the spot welding is finished, and the gap is 0-0.05 mm.

8. A laser welding method as recited in claim 5, wherein the operating parameters of the hand-held laser welding device in step c comprise: laser spot diameter: 100-500 μm; the welding power is 200-600W.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a laser technology, in particular to laser welding equipment and a welding method thereof.

Background

The laser welding gun is a high-precision welding tool, and compared with a common welding gun, the welding precision of the laser welding gun is higher during welding. When small-batch irregular welding seams are welded, a handheld laser welding gun is needed to be used for welding workpieces. The laser welding gun generally comprises a gun body, wherein a laser outlet is formed in the front end of the gun body, and the rear end of the gun body is connected with a laser generator through an optical cable. When the optical cable is bent, the optical cable is broken if the bending radius is smaller. When the handheld laser welding gun is used, the handheld laser welding gun is always in a moving state, if the optical cable is bent on the end face of the rear end of the gun body carelessly, the optical cable is broken seriously.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to a laser welding apparatus and a welding method thereof, which solve the problems set forth in the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

as shown in fig. 1-3, a laser welding apparatus includes a welding cabinet, a laser welding gun and a focusing mirror, wherein a pulse laser and a main control circuit are arranged in the welding cabinet, the pulse laser is electrically connected with the main control circuit, and the pulse laser is connected with the laser welding gun through an optical fiber; the laser welding gun is also internally provided with a sighting device for emitting and guiding indicating light, and the sighting device is electrically connected with the main control circuit; the sighting device is arranged at the geometric solid center of the laser welding gun, and the guiding indication light emitted by the sighting device and the laser beam entering the laser welding gun are emitted in a collinear way; one end of the optical fiber is connected with the pulse laser, and the other end of the optical fiber is connected with a light inlet arranged at the central position of the tail part of the laser welding gun; a constant-temperature dehumidifying device is also arranged in the welding cabinet and is electrically connected with the main control circuit; a man-machine panel is arranged on the outer side wall of the welding cabinet and is electrically connected with the main control circuit; the man-machine panel comprises one or more of an indicator light, a button and a display screen; still be equipped with the insurance circuit in the welding rack, the insurance circuit electricity is connected between main control circuit and the pulse laser.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the focusing lens adopts an optical collimating and focusing lens; the focusing mirror is arranged in the laser welding gun.

As a still further preferable embodiment of the present invention: the wavelength range of the pulse laser emitted by the pulse laser is 800-1100nm, the pulse width range of the pulse laser is 100fs-240ns, the repetition frequency range of the pulse laser is 50Hz-1MHz, and the single pulse energy range of the pulse laser is 0.3mJ-0.6 mJ.

As a still further preferable embodiment of the present invention: the laser welding gun comprises a gun body, wherein a laser outlet is formed in the front end of the gun body, and an optical fiber connector is formed in the rear end of the gun body; the rear end of the gun body is provided with a guide section for guiding and protecting the optical fiber; the guide section is sleeved on the outer side of the optical fiber and made of plastic, and the front end of the guide section is fixed at the rear end of the gun body through a nut; a guide section is sleeved outside the optical fiber; the guide section is formed by plastic through integral injection molding and is divided into a circular ring section, a bending section and a nut connected with the gun body; the bending section is composed of a spiral guide strip and is positioned between the nut and the circular ring section; the diameter of one end of the bending section close to the gun body is larger than that of one end far away from the gun body; meanwhile, the section of the guide strip is isosceles trapezoid; the gun body is also provided with a handle which is convenient to hold, the handle is integrally provided with two hoops for clamping the gun body, and the gun body is hooped between the hoops through screws; meanwhile, a placing groove is formed in the surface of the hoop, which is abutted against the gun body, and a rubber pad used for increasing the friction force between the hoop and the gun body is arranged in the placing groove; in addition, the handle is provided with grooves attached to the fingers, and the number of the grooves is 4.

A laser welding method comprising the steps of a: putting the welding material and the welded piece into an ultrasonic cleaning instrument filled with deionized water, cleaning and drying; b, performing a step; setting working parameters of the handheld laser welding equipment, and carrying out spot welding on the welded piece and the welding material by adopting the handheld laser welding equipment; c, performing a step; and continuously carrying out full welding along the joint of the welded piece and the welding material to finish welding.

As a further scheme of the invention, in the step a, the surfaces of the welded piece and the welding material can be dried by cold air or naturally dried at room temperature, so that the surfaces of the welded piece and the welding material present uniform metal luster.

As a further scheme of the invention, the distance between the spot welding in the step b and the edge of the welded piece is 1-5mm, the interval length of the spot welding is less than 25mm, no missing welding or over interval welding is required, the gap formed by the welded piece and the welding material in a joint mode is checked after the spot welding is finished, and the range of the gap is 0-0.05 mm.

As a still further aspect of the invention, the operating parameters of the handheld laser welding device in step c include: laser spot diameter: 100-500 μm; the welding power is 200-600W.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the laser welding equipment can be applied to diagonal welding, stitch welding and the like, and is handheld, so that the applicability is strong, the limitation is lower than that of most desktop laser welding machines, and the use is not strenuous; the handheld laser welding equipment has long service life, does not need to replace a worn product periodically, has reliable welding quality, attractive appearance and no deformation, can realize the welding of the marine thin steel plate, and can prevent the optical cable from being bent with an excessively small bending radius at the rear end part of the gun body by arranging the bending section of the laser welding gun in the use process, thereby reducing the possibility of breaking the optical cable at the position; meanwhile, the bending section is composed of a spiral guide strip, the diameter of one end, close to the gun body, of the bending section is larger than that of one end, far away from the gun body, of the bending section, so that the bending radius, close to the end of the gun body, of the bending section is larger than that of the end, far away from the gun body, of the bending section when the bending section is bent, and the phenomenon that the optical cable is broken when the bending occurs due to the fact that the degree of freedom is small at the rear.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a laser welding gun according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a circuit connection block diagram of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-a welding cabinet, 2-a laser welding gun, 3-a focusing mirror, 4-a sighting device, 5-a man-machine panel, 6-an optical fiber, 7-a gun body, 8-a handle, 9-a guide section, 10-a nut, 11-a bending section, 12-a circular ring section, 13-a screw, 14-an anchor ear and 15-a groove.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-3, in an embodiment of the present invention, a laser welding apparatus includes a welding cabinet 1, a laser welding gun 2, and a focusing mirror 3, a pulse laser and a main control circuit are disposed in the welding cabinet 1, the pulse laser is electrically connected to the main control circuit, the pulse laser is connected to the laser welding gun 2 through an optical fiber 10, and laser emitted from the pulse laser enters the laser welding gun 2 through the optical fiber 10 and then passes through the focusing mirror 3 to reach a target welding position;

specifically, the pulse laser is controlled by the main control circuit to emit laser, enters the laser welding gun 2 through the optical fiber 6, and finally reaches a target welding position after being focused by the focusing lens 3, so that the laser welding device is simple in structure, convenient to carry and transfer and capable of meeting the environmental requirements of actual working conditions;

the focusing lens 3 adopts an optical collimating and focusing lens; by adopting the optical alignment and focusing lens, the laser emitted by the pulse laser enters the laser welding gun 2 through the optical fiber 10 to be focused, so that light spots irradiated to a target welding position are reduced, the intensity of the laser is improved, the temperature at the target welding position is rapidly increased, the welding is facilitated, meanwhile, the optical alignment and focusing lens can ensure that the laser keeps linear direction transmission, and the welding precision is ensured;

the focusing mirror 3 is arranged in the laser welding gun 2; the focusing lens 3 is arranged in the laser welding gun 2, so that the closed design of a laser light path can be realized, the leakage of laser radiation is effectively prevented, the light-emitting safety of a laser beam is ensured, and the utilization rate of the laser is improved;

the wavelength range of the pulse laser emitted by the pulse laser is 800-1100nm, the pulse width range of the pulse laser is 100fs-240ns, the repetition frequency range of the pulse laser is 50Hz-1MHz, and the single pulse energy range of the pulse laser is 0.3mJ-0.6 mJ;

a sighting device 4 for emitting and guiding indication light is further arranged in the laser welding gun 2, and the sighting device 4 is electrically connected with the main control circuit 5; the sighting device 4 emits guiding indication light to provide indication before welding and accurately guide the emitting position of the laser beam, so that the laser can accurately reach a target welding position after emitting, and accurate welding is realized;

the sighting device 4 is arranged at the geometric solid center position of the laser welding gun 2, and the guiding indication light emitted by the sighting device 4 and the laser beam entering the laser welding gun 2 are emitted in a collinear way; the sighting device 4 is arranged at the center of the laser welding gun 2, so that the guiding indication light emitted by the sighting device 4 is superposed with the laser beam entering the laser welding gun 2, and the guiding indication light emitted by the sighting device reaches the target welding position on the part to be welded, namely the light spot position of the pulse laser reaching the part to be welded, so that high-precision welding can be realized;

one end of the optical fiber 6 is connected with the pulse laser, and the other end of the optical fiber is connected with a light inlet arranged at the central position of the tail part of the laser welding gun 2, so that laser emitted from the pulse laser can enter from the center of the laser welding gun 2 right, and the laser can be matched with the sighting device 4 to be aligned to a target welding position very accurately;

still be equipped with constant temperature dehydrating unit in the welding rack 1, constant temperature dehydrating unit with main control circuit electricity is connected. The constant temperature dehumidification device can be used for protecting the pulse laser and the optical fiber 6 part in the outdoor high/low temperature and humid environment on site, so that the working environment of the pulse laser and the stability of a light intensifying path are ensured;

a man-machine panel 5 is arranged on the outer side wall of the welding cabinet 1, and the man-machine panel 5 is electrically connected with the main control circuit; the human-computer panel 5 can detect the power-on requirements and abnormal conditions of the pulse laser and the constant-temperature dehumidification device, so that the pulse laser can emit light normally, the probability of damage of the pulse laser can be reduced, and the service life of the pulse laser can be prolonged; the man-machine panel 5 comprises one or more of an indicator light, a button and a display screen; here, the plurality of indicator lights may be configured to display different operating states, the plurality of buttons may also be configured to input different control information to the main control circuit, the display screen may be a touch screen configured to display power-on states and abnormal information of the pulse laser and the constant temperature dehumidification device, may also display environmental information and the like in the welding cabinet 1, and may also be used as an input end to input control information, for example, to control the pulse laser to start or stop operating;

a safety circuit is further arranged in the welding cabinet 1 and is electrically connected between the main control circuit and the pulse laser; the safety circuit can automatically cut off the power supply when the pulse laser is abnormal, so that the light-emitting safety of the laser is ensured, and the artificial damage is prevented; the safety circuit comprises two safety switches, wherein one safety switch is arranged on the man-machine panel 5, the other safety switch is arranged at the trigger position of the laser welding gun 2, the two safety switches are connected between the pulse laser and the main control circuit in series, and the pulse laser can be started only when the two safety switches are closed, so that the light-emitting safety of laser can be ensured, and the injury to a human body caused by unconscious operation can be prevented;

the laser welding gun 2 comprises a gun body 7, a laser outlet is formed in the front end of the gun body 7, an optical fiber 10 connecting port is formed in the rear end of the gun body 7, and laser generated in a laser generator is transmitted into the gun body 7 through the optical fiber 10 and is emitted from the laser outlet in the front end of the gun body 7 to weld a workpiece; the rear end of the gun body 7 is provided with a guide section 9 for guiding and protecting an optical fiber 10; the guide section 9 is sleeved on the outer side of the optical fiber 10 and made of plastic, and the front end of the guide section 9 is fixed at the rear end of the gun body 7 through a nut 10; the guide section 9 has certain elasticity, and when the optical fiber 10 is subjected to tension force which is not along the axial direction, the optical fiber 10 can bend from a fixed point; the guide section 9 is sleeved outside the optical fiber 10, when the optical fiber 10 is bent, the optical fiber 10 is abutted against the guide section 9, and the guide section 9 can provide a supporting function for the optical fiber 10; the guide section 9 is made of plastic and has good elasticity, so that the guide section can deform uniformly when stressed, and the optical fiber 10 is prevented from being broken due to the fact that the bending radius of the optical fiber 10 is too small when the rear end of the gun body 7 is bent due to no support;

the guide section 2 is formed by plastic through integral injection molding and is divided into a circular ring section 12, a bending section 11 and a nut 10 connected with the gun body 7; the bending section 11 is composed of a spiral guide strip and is positioned between the nut 10 and the circular ring section 12; the arrangement of the circular ring section 12 can avoid the rear end of the spiral guide strip from being wound with other wires or cables, so that the use of a laser welding gun is not influenced; the diameter of one end of the bending section 11 close to the gun body 7 is larger than that of one end far away from the gun body 7; so as to avoid the optical fiber 6 from being broken due to the bending of the optical fiber 6 with too small bending radius on the rear end surface of the gun body 7; meanwhile, the section of the guide strip is isosceles trapezoid; therefore, when the guide strip is bent towards one side, the waist and the waist of the guide strip are collided, and the bending section 11 is prevented from further deformation, so that the bending section 11 is prevented from being broken due to overlarge bending degree; the gun body 7 is also provided with a handle 8 which is convenient to hold, the handle 8 is integrally provided with two hoops 14 for clamping the gun body 7, and the gun body 7 is hooped between the hoops 14 through screws 4; meanwhile, a placing groove is formed in the surface of the hoop 14, which is abutted against the gun body 7, and a rubber pad for increasing the friction force between the hoop 14 and the gun body 7 is arranged in the placing groove, so that the handle 8 is further prevented from sliding on the gun body 7; in addition, the handle 8 is provided with grooves 15 which are attached to the fingers, and the number of the grooves 15 is 4, so that the holding stability is improved, and the welding precision is prevented from being influenced by the sliding between the fingers and the handle 8 in the using process;

the invention also provides a welding method using the welding device, which comprises the following steps:

step a: putting the welding material and the welded piece into an ultrasonic cleaner filled with deionized water, cleaning and drying by blowing;

specifically, the surfaces of the welded piece and the welding material can be dried by cold air or naturally dried at room temperature, so that the surfaces of the welded piece and the welding material present uniform metal luster;

b, performing a step; setting working parameters of the handheld laser welding equipment, and carrying out spot welding on the welded piece and the welding material by adopting the handheld laser welding equipment;

specifically, the distance between spot welding and the edge of a welded piece is 1-5mm, the interval length between spot welding is less than 25mm, no welding leakage or welding overtravel is required, the gap formed by the welded piece and a welding material in a fit mode is checked after spot welding is finished, and the range of the gap is 0-0.05 mm;

c, performing a step; continuously performing full welding along the joint of the welded piece and the welding material to finish welding;

specifically, the working parameters of the handheld laser welding device include: laser spot diameter: 100-500 μm; the welding power is 200-600W.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.