阅读说明：本技术 激光拼焊板焊缝防冲压开裂的焊接方法 (Welding method for preventing laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking ) 是由 方奇飞 王珏 姚安 崔玉林 单宝 颜耀辉 于 2019-08-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种激光拼焊板焊缝防冲压开裂的焊接方法,包括：步骤1：取第一板料(01),第一板料(01)焊接端设有第一焊缝处金属(011)；取第二板料(02),第二板料(02)焊接端设有第二焊缝处金属(021)；步骤2：取金属焊丝(04),金属焊丝(04)装在填丝机(03)上并从出丝口电极(032)露出；步骤3：安装第一板料(01)和第二板料(02)使第一焊缝处金属(011)与第二焊缝处金属(021)相对设置且预留焊接间隙；步骤4：开启激光源产生激光束(05),并熔化金属焊丝(04)、第一焊缝处金属(011)和第二焊缝处金属(021),焊接第一板料(01)和第二板料(02)。本发明提高了焊接后板材的延伸率和杯突值,避免汽车板件在冲压成形时焊缝开裂。(The invention discloses a welding method for preventing a laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking, which comprises the following steps: step 1: taking a first plate (01), wherein a first welding seam metal (011) is arranged at the welding end of the first plate (01); taking a second plate (02), wherein a second welding seam metal (021) is arranged at the welding end of the second plate (02); step 2: taking a metal welding wire (04), wherein the metal welding wire (04) is arranged on a wire filling machine (03) and is exposed from a wire outlet electrode (032); and step 3: installing a first plate material (01) and a second plate material (02) to enable metal (011) at a first welding seam and metal (021) at a second welding seam to be arranged oppositely and reserve a welding gap; and 4, step 4: and starting a laser source to generate a laser beam (05), melting a metal welding wire (04), the metal (011) at the first welding seam and the metal (021) at the second welding seam, and welding the first plate (01) and the second plate (02). The invention improves the elongation and the cupping value of the welded plate and avoids the weld cracking of the automobile plate during stamping.)

1. A welding method for preventing a laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1: taking a first plate (01), wherein a first welding seam metal (011) is arranged at the welding end of the first plate (01); taking a second plate material (02), wherein a second welding seam metal (021) is arranged at the welding end of the second plate material (02);

step 2: taking a metal welding wire (04), wherein the metal welding wire (04) is installed on the wire filling machine (03) and is exposed out of the wire outlet electrode (032);

and step 3: installing a first plate material (01) and a second plate material (02) to enable metal (011) at a first welding seam and metal (021) at a second welding seam to be arranged oppositely and reserve a welding gap;

and 4, step 4: and starting a laser source to generate a laser beam (05), melting a metal welding wire (04), the metal (011) at the first welding seam and the metal (021) at the second welding seam, and welding the first plate (01) and the second plate (02).

2. The welding method for preventing the laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the metal welding wire (04) is a 316L stainless steel solid welding wire or a nickel alloy welding wire.

3. The welding method for preventing the laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the elongation of the 316L stainless steel solid welding wire is more than 45%, and the diameter is 0.9-1.0 mm.

4. The welding method for preventing the laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the gap width of the welding gap is 0.2-0.4 mm.

5. The welding method for preventing the laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the spot diameter of the laser beam (05) is 0.6-1.0mm, the laser power is 4000-6000W, and the laser welding speed is 3-6 m/min.

6. The welding method for preventing the laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: during welding, the irradiation direction of the laser beam (05) is vertical to the welding end point of the metal welding wire (04).

7. The welding method for preventing the laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking according to claim 1 or 6, which is characterized in that: during welding, the metal welding wire (04) is obliquely fed, and the wire feeding angle is 30-60 degrees.

8. The welding method for preventing the laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 4, the welding is protected by welding protective gas, and the welding protective gas is Ar + CO₂In which CO is₂The content of (A) is less than 5%.

9. The welding method for preventing the laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the first plate material (01) and the second plate material (02) are cold-rolled carbon steel plates with the thickness of 0.5-3.0mm, the yield strength is lower than 350MPa, the tensile strength is lower than 500MPa, and the elongation is larger than 35%.

10. The welding method for preventing the laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the welding method is laser wire filling welding and is applied to butt welding of automobile flat plates.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a manufacturing and processing method of a steel plate, in particular to a welding method for preventing a laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking.

Background

At present, the laser tailor-welded blank is widely applied to the white automobile body of an automobile. Some parts such as door panels are often subjected to stamping cracking from the weld or within 1mm from the weld, and this cracking is caused mainly by the microstructure of the weld being a bainite structure or even a martensite structure with low plasticity and high hardness.

The Chinese patent ZL02115647.6 discloses a die adjusting method for solving the problem of stamping cracking of a large automobile body covering part, the problem that the existing large automobile body covering part is not cracked due to drawing is solved by deepening the drawing depth of a drawing convex hull of a drawing die and the diameter of a rotating body, and meanwhile, a process platform is additionally arranged on a trimming and punching die and the shape of a blanking die is changed. However, trimming is a tedious and repeated problem, and greatly reduces the safety margin of the material during punching. Stamping often occurs after the die is formed, due to poor matching of die to sheet material, including weld properties and process parameters.

The Chinese invention patent ZL201210336652.3 discloses a production method for improving the uniformity of the mechanical properties of strip steel through coiling, which comprises the steps of slab reheating, rough rolling, finish rolling, laminar cooling and coiling to obtain a hot rolled coil; the hot rolled plate coil is coiled into a finished product after acid cleaning, cold rolling, annealing and leveling, the coiling adopts a U-shaped coiling process to control the coiling temperature, and the coiling temperature is as follows: the head 30m and the tail 40m of the steel coil are 730 +/-20 ℃, and the middle section is 680 +/-20 ℃. According to the method, the high-quality steel strip with uniform size and performance can be obtained by optimizing the technological parameters of the hot rolling process of the steel strip, the use requirements of users are met, and accidents such as breaking, punching cracking and the like in the subsequent production process are prevented. However, this method is not suitable for the weld position, except for the disadvantages of high cost and complicated process.

The Chinese patent application CN201810867982.2 discloses a welding seam plasticizing device and a process for an ultrahigh-strength dual-phase steel laser tailor-welded blank, wherein a set of tailor-welded blank heating temperature control device is designed to be composed of a heat conduction material, a high-frequency coil, the ultrahigh-strength dual-phase steel tailor-welded blank, a welding seam, a cooling plate and a cooling liquid pipe, and the redistribution of carbon atoms is realized by controlling the distribution temperature, the heat preservation time and the quenching temperature of the welding seam, so that the plastic deformation capability of the welding seam is improved while martensite crystal grains are refined. The method has universality, but temperature curves required by martensite transformation of different materials are inconsistent, the measurement is difficult, the device structure is complex, the production efficiency is low, and the industrial production is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a welding method for preventing a welding seam of a laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking, which can effectively improve the elongation and the cupping value of the welded blank and avoid the cracking of the welding seam when an automobile plate is stamped and formed.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

a welding method for preventing a laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking comprises the following steps:

step 1: taking a first plate, wherein a first welding seam metal is arranged at the welding end of the first plate; taking a second plate, wherein a second welding seam metal is arranged at the welding end of the second plate;

step 2: taking a metal welding wire, wherein the metal welding wire is arranged on a wire filling machine and is exposed out of a wire outlet electrode;

and step 3: installing a first plate and a second plate, so that the metal at the first welding seam and the metal at the second welding seam are oppositely arranged and a welding gap is reserved;

and 4, step 4: and starting a laser source to generate laser beams, melting the metal welding wires, the metal at the first welding seam and the metal at the second welding seam, and welding the first plate and the second plate.

The metal welding wire is a 316L stainless steel solid welding wire or a nickel alloy welding wire.

The elongation of the 316L stainless steel solid welding wire is more than 45%, and the diameter is 0.9-1.0 mm.

The gap width of the welding gap is 0.2-0.4 mm.

The spot diameter of the laser beam is 0.6-1.0mm, the laser power is 4000-6000W, and the laser welding speed is 3-6 m/min.

During welding, the irradiation direction of the laser beam is vertical to the welding end point of the metal welding wire.

During welding, the metal welding wire obliquely feeds the wire, and the wire feeding angle is 30-60 degrees.

In the step 4, the welding is protected by welding protective gas, and the welding protective gas is Ar + CO₂In which CO is₂The content of (A) is less than 5%.

The first plate and the second plate are cold-rolled carbon steel plates with the thickness of 0.5-3.0mm, the yield strength of the first plate and the second plate is lower than 350MPa, the tensile strength of the first plate and the second plate is lower than 500MPa, and the elongation of the first plate and the second plate is greater than 35%.

The welding method is laser wire filling welding and is applied to butt welding of automobile flat plates.

According to the invention, the 316L stainless steel welding wire is adopted to weld the automobile plate through laser wire filling, so that the elongation and the cupping value of the welded plate can be effectively improved, and the cracking of a welding line during stamping and forming of the automobile plate is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a welding method for preventing a laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an operation principle diagram of the welding method for preventing the laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking.

In the figure, 01 a first plate material, 011 a metal at a first welding seam, 02 a second plate material, 021 a metal at a second welding seam, 03 a wire filling machine, 031 a hot wire power supply, 032 a wire outlet electrode, 04 a metal welding wire and 05 laser beams.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.

Referring to the attached drawings 1 and 2, the welding method for preventing the laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking comprises the following steps:

step 1: taking a first plate material 01, wherein a first welding seam metal 011 is arranged at the welding end of the first plate material 01; and taking a second plate material 02, wherein the welding end of the second plate material 02 is provided with a second welding seam metal 021.

Step 2: and taking the metal welding wire 04, wherein the metal welding wire 04 is installed on the wire filling machine 03 and is exposed from the wire outlet electrode 032. Preferably, the metal welding wire 04 is a 316L stainless steel solid welding wire or other austenitic stainless steel welding wires or nickel alloy welding wires, wherein the elongation of the 316L stainless steel solid welding wire is more than 45%, and the diameter is 0.9-1.0 mm.

And step 3: and (3) installing the first plate material 01 and the second plate material 02 to enable the metal 011 at the first welding seam and the metal 021 at the second welding seam to be oppositely arranged and reserve a welding gap. Preferably, the gap width of the welding gap is 0.2-0.4 mm.

And 4, step 4: and starting a laser source to generate a laser beam 05, melting the metal welding wire 04, the metal 011 at the first welding seam and the metal 021 at the second welding seam, and welding the first plate 01 and the second plate 02.

Preferably, the spot diameter of the laser beam 05 is 0.6-1.0mm, the laser power is 4000-6000W, and the laser welding speed is 3-6 m/min.

During welding, the irradiation direction of the laser beam 05 is perpendicular to the welding end point of the metal welding wire 04, preferably, the metal welding wire 04 obliquely feeds wires, and the wire feeding angle is 30-60 degrees.

During welding, the welding protection gas can be used for protection, and Ar + CO can be used as the welding protection gas₂In which CO is₂The content of (A) is less than 5%.

The first plate material 01 and the second plate material 02 can adopt cold-rolled carbon steel plates with the thickness of 0.5-3.0mm, the yield strength is lower than 350MPa, the tensile strength is lower than 500MPa, and the elongation is more than 35%.

The invention discloses a laser tailor-welded blank welding method for preventing a welding seam of a laser tailor-welded blank from being cracked by laser filler wires based on 316L stainless steel solid welding wires or other austenitic stainless steel welding wires or nickel alloy welding wires, which is applied to the field of butt welding of automobile flat plates and avoids the occurrence of the cracking of the welding seam during stamping forming.