阅读说明：本技术 一种吸收型谱线目标源遴选方法 (A kind of absorption-type spectral line target source method of selecting ) 是由 张嵬 尤伟 陈晓 张恒 张伟 于 2019-07-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种吸收型谱线目标源遴选方法,按照深空探测实施任务需求,密切结合天文测速方案特点,从导航目标源空间分布入手,完成与目标源参数相关的指标分析及分解,对备选体辐射通量选择、备选体特征谱线带宽选择、备选体特征谱线线宽选择、备选体特征谱线线心频点选择、备选体特征谱线吸收深度选择、备选体特征谱线隔离度选择及备选体特征谱线稳定性选择等进行筛选和比较,最终确定与指标需求及方案匹配度最高的备选体作为导航基准。本发明可用于非对称空间外差式天文干涉测速新型导航测速仪及导航系统的设计与研制。(The invention discloses a kind of absorption-type spectral line target source method of selecting, implement mission requirements according to deep space exploration, astronomy is intimately associated to test the speed Scheme Characteristics, start with from the distribution of navigation target source space, complete index analysis relevant to target source parameter and decomposition, alternative body radiation flux is selected, alternative body characteristics spectral bandwidth selection, alternative body characteristics line width selection, alternative body characteristics spectral line line heart frequency point selection, alternative body characteristics line absorption depth selection, alternative body characteristics spectral line isolation selection and alternative body characteristics spectral line stability selection etc. are screened and are compared, final determination and the highest alternative body of index demand and scheme matching degree are as navigation benchmark.The present invention can be used for the design and development that asymmetric space heterodyne formula astronomy interferes test the speed novel navigation tachymeter and navigation system.)

1. a kind of absorption-type spectral line target source method of selecting, which comprises the following steps:

S1, the demand analysis for carrying out celestial navigation task under deep space exploration task context, navigation index demand, non-right Claim to complete to distribute for the error criterion in navigation target source under space heterodyne formula interference speed-measuring method system；

S2, reference star library is consulted, roughing goes out to partially absorb the alternative body of type, according to day area azimuth distribution, alternative body radiation flux, standby Select body characteristics spectral bandwidth, alternative body characteristics line width, alternative body characteristics spectral line line heart frequency point, alternative body characteristics line absorption Depth, alternative body characteristics spectral line isolation and the development of alternative body characteristics spectral line stability are selected；

S3, after each index complete measurement and statistics after, provide overall target and select conclusion, with asymmetric space heterodyne formula interfere survey Fast method precision distribution index is compared, and is determined as available navigation target source if being able to satisfy, if being unsatisfactory for replacing target Source celestial body is carried out a new round and is selected.

2. a kind of absorption-type spectral line target source method of selecting as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S2 is specific Include the following steps:

S21, on the basis of step 1, according to navigation system target source observation condition and the feature of testing the speed, carry out space in synchronization The observation of three or more alternative bodies, and the solution of observational equation completion status accordingly；Three alternative bodies are referred in spacecraft ontology Orientation arrow under coordinate system is pairwise orthogonal；

S22, the alternative body for tentatively selecting analyze its radiation flux from Energy-aware angle, are tested the speed with matching The requirement of signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to precision index；

S23, consider how that alternative body radiation signal feature, demand of the high spot reviews system signal noise ratio index to input signal are simultaneous Limitation of the interference system signal quality to incident bandwidth is cared for, completes selecting for radiation signal bandwidth, matching system rate accuracy refers to Mark；

S24, interfere measuring principle based on asymmetric space heterodyne, analysis compares absorption line profile to the shadow of interference fringe quality It rings；Wherein, for the demand of line width, narrow linewidth is preferred condition under Ying Caiyong the same terms, to be more preferably concerned with Length promotes rate accuracy；

S25, the Doppler phase shift amount and alternative body characteristics absorption line frequency point relationship loaded according to interference image, it is specific to its Position is selected；

S26, the absorption depth for investigating alternative body characteristics absorption line；

S27, the case where taking into account signal-to-noise ratio and interference image quality, investigating more Absorption Lines within the scope of alternative body line width；

S28, screening analysis is carried out to the alternative body spectral line physical features of absorption-type.

Technical field

The invention belongs to aerospace navigation fields, in particular to a kind of absorption-type spectral line target source method of selecting.

Background technique

The research and acquisition of navigation benchmark are that stellar radiation spectrum is utilized to carry out astronomical navigation of independently testing the speed, it is ensured that navigation is smart The primary link of degree.

In fact, either celestial navigation, GPS navigation or area navigation, the accurate identification and control of navigation sources are them Carry out the prerequisite of navigator fix.Celestial body precise ephemeris can be obtained by ground and Space borne detection means, it is special for its radiation Property, the physical parameters such as quality, volume can also be by directly observing and inverting mode obtains, information above is to carry out celestial navigation Physical basis.

This description presents a kind of absorption-type spectral line target sources interfered for the purpose of testing the speed by asymmetric space heterodyne formula Method of selecting based on being the space heterodyne interferometry under asymmetric condition, is acquired navigation target source radiation signal Processing, the amount of movement of lower transmitted spectrum is acted on based on acquisition signal extraction relative motion, and then resolves speed of related movement, is realized The method of observed quantity is provided for the astronomical air navigation aid that tests the speed.Wherein for absorption-type spectral line navigation target source, in conjunction with the scheme of testing the speed Itself will claim to its related performance indicators, and absorption-type spectral line navigation target source selects criterion under formation this method.

For the mechanism and method progress for being generated to the astronomical independent navigation overall process error that tests the speed, transmitting, compensate and inhibiting Confirmation, reaches and meets and test the speed navigation accuracy to instruct engineering design development, needs from navigation target source to its characteristic and wants It asks and is analyzed and studied.Set about from asymmetric space heterodyne formula interference speed-measuring method principle, combing is led towards absorption-type spectral line The target source that navigates influences the source factor of rate accuracy, and is rationally divided for index demand source items influence factor index Match, ultimately form absorption-type spectral line navigation target source selects criterion.

Summary of the invention

Demand in view of the above technology, the present invention provides a kind of suctions interfered for the purpose of testing the speed by asymmetric space heterodyne formula Type spectrum line target source method of selecting is received, this method is suitable for interfering using asymmetric space heterodyne formula the deep space for the air navigation aid that tests the speed And near-earth spacecraft design.

In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of absorption-type spectral line target source method of selecting, Characterized by comprising the following steps:

S1, the demand analysis for carrying out celestial navigation task under deep space exploration task context, navigation index demand, In It completes to distribute for the error criterion in navigation target source under asymmetric space heterodyne formula interference speed-measuring method system；

S2, reference star library is consulted, roughing goes out to partially absorb the alternative body of type, radiates according to day area azimuth distribution, alternative body logical Amount, alternative body characteristics spectral bandwidth, alternative body characteristics line width, alternative body characteristics spectral line line heart frequency point, alternative body characteristics spectrum Line absorption depth, alternative body characteristics spectral line isolation and the development of alternative body characteristics spectral line stability are selected；

S3, after each index completes measurement and statistics, provide overall target and select conclusion, it is dry with asymmetric space heterodyne formula It relates to speed-measuring method precision distribution index to be compared, is determined as available navigation target source if being able to satisfy, if being unsatisfactory for replacing Target source celestial body is carried out a new round and is selected.

Further, the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps:

S21, on the basis of step 1, according to navigation system target source observation condition and the feature of testing the speed, carry out in synchronization The observation of the alternative body in three, space or more, and the solution of observational equation completion status accordingly；Three alternative bodies are in spacecraft ontology Orientation arrow under reference frame is pairwise orthogonal；

S22, the alternative body for tentatively selecting analyze its radiation flux from Energy-aware angle, with matching The requirement of signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to rate accuracy index；

S23, alternative body radiation signal feature, need of the high spot reviews system signal noise ratio index to input signal are considered how It asks, takes into account limitation of the interference system signal quality to incident bandwidth, complete selecting for radiation signal bandwidth, matching system tests the speed essence Spend index；

S24, interfere measuring principle based on asymmetric space heterodyne, analysis compares absorption line profile to interference fringe quality Influence；Wherein, for the demand of line width, narrow linewidth is preferred condition under Ying Caiyong the same terms, to obtain more preferably Coherence length promotes rate accuracy；

S25, the Doppler phase shift amount and alternative body characteristics absorption line frequency point relationship loaded according to interference image, to it Specific location is selected；Higher wave number (inverse of frequency point wavelength) will corresponding higher rate accuracy.

S26, the absorption depth for investigating alternative body characteristics absorption line；It is higher to absorb depth, then absorption line Characteristics of Profile It is more obvious, corresponding interference fringe coherence length is longer, is more conducive to the promotion of rate accuracy；

S27, the case where taking into account signal-to-noise ratio and interference image quality, investigating more Absorption Lines within the scope of alternative body line width；Spectral line Between isolation (wave number interval) it is bigger, feature is more obvious, and corresponding interference fringe coherence length is longer, is more conducive to the essence that tests the speed The promotion of degree.

S28, screening analysis is carried out to the alternative body spectral line physical features of absorption-type.Incorporation engineering application background, instrument when Between stablize sex expression strictly assert.The stabilization sex expression of parameter involved by above-mentioned 6 steps is to select and finally determine asymmetric Space heterodyne formula interferes an important factor for testing the speed absorption-type navigation target source and its characteristic spectral line.

A kind of absorption-type spectral line target source interfered for the purpose of testing the speed by asymmetric space heterodyne formula proposed by the invention Method of selecting sufficiently follows the objectivity that nature celestial body exists and runs, is traction with Practical Project task, selects that can carry out In the range of according to error minimum thinking carry out preferentially.This method can be used as asymmetric space heterodyne formula and interfere the navigation system that tests the speed The primary component part of overall process control errors.

The principle of the invention is clear, and process is clear, is novel astronomical from leading by the spacecraft of background of deep space exploration task The important component of boat method is intimately associated with engineering application requirement and realization process, enhances and carry out outside asymmetric space Differential interferes the feasibility and directiveness for the Navigation System Design that tests the speed, and has evaded the subversiveness of system design, with extensively and again The practical significance wanted.

With other existing celestial autonomous navigation methods for target source select requirement compared with, the present invention has following spy Point and advantage: the present invention is based on the Doppler effects of light wave, are drawn by relative motion between measurement spacecraft and navigation target source The spectral line amount of movement risen resolves and obtains relative velocity between spacecraft and navigation target source, is the base of the air navigation aid implementation of testing the speed This premise.Meanwhile the present invention is intimately associated astronomical radiation actual characteristic, existing for Absorption Line alternately body characteristics spectral line Generality provides direct reference to the engineering construction of the astronomical autonomous navigation method that tests the speed.

After the present invention proposes, novel test the speed using absorption-type target source spectral line as measurement object will effectively be promoted to lead The experimental study of boat method and engineering development are to carry out the essential process of deep space exploration navigation work and requirement, will fill up The international and domestic technological gap in the astronomical navigation scheme implementation process that tests the speed.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

Below with reference to attached drawing, technical solution of the present invention is described in detail.

Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of suctions interfered for the purpose of testing the speed by asymmetric space heterodyne formula Type spectrum line target source method of selecting is received, is included the following steps:

S1, the demand analysis for carrying out celestial navigation task under deep space exploration task context, navigation index demand, In It completes to distribute for the error criterion in navigation target source under asymmetric space heterodyne formula interference speed-measuring method system.

S2, reference star library is consulted, roughing goes out to partially absorb the alternative body of type, radiates according to day area azimuth distribution, alternative body logical Amount, alternative body characteristics spectral bandwidth, alternative body characteristics line width, alternative body characteristics spectral line line heart frequency point, alternative body characteristics spectrum Line absorption depth, alternative body characteristics spectral line isolation and the development of alternative body characteristics spectral line stability are selected.

S3, after each index completes measurement and statistics, provide overall target and select conclusion, it is dry with asymmetric space heterodyne formula It relates to speed-measuring method precision distribution index to be compared, is determined as available navigation target source if being able to satisfy, if being unsatisfactory for replacing Target source celestial body is carried out a new round and is selected.

Wherein, as follows for being directed to the selection principle of target source astrophysics characteristic in step S2:

1) it day area azimuth distribution: in speed of related movement rate accuracy there are in the case where measurement error, is seen to pass through It surveys equation solver and obtains spacecraft speed of service control errors minimum, three navigation targets are derived from spacecraft ontology reference coordinate Orientation arrow under system is pairwise orthogonal；

2) alternative body radiation flux: since asymmetric space heterodyne formula interference speed-measuring method belongs to energy detection method, it is System signal-to-noise ratio will be controlled as important indicator.It is certain in observation time as a result, it is standby under the premise of system update rate guarantees Selecting body radiation flux that should take its high level is to select requirement；

3) alternative body characteristics spectral bandwidth:

Since fixed star absorption line is generally existing, the more unobtainable objective reality of the spectral line of emission needs to reinforce to absorption spectra The analysis of line line style and its major parameter.In the case where alternative body radiation flux is certain, appropriate increase spectral bandwidth can be effective The signal-to-noise ratio of lifting system, but broadband can bring interference image coherence length to deteriorate, it is therefore desirable to weigh.In snr threshold In range, bandwidth should not obtain excessively high.

4) alternative body characteristics line width:

Compose generting machanism and spectral line broadening mechanism according to stellar radiation, in continuous spectrum absorption line line style it is generally existing and Gaussian lineshape accounts for the overwhelming majority.Therefore it needs under normalizing condition, studies high line linear function and line width and line heart frequency point Relationship.When putting aside other physical parameters, analysis known to narrow linewidth it is wide compared with the wide line for interference image quality more Favorably.

5) alternative body characteristics spectral line line heart frequency point:

Interfere speed-measuring method, line heart frequency point position and rate accuracy relationship according to asymmetric space heterodyne formula, with Gauss Line style is as profile, in the case of putting aside other physical parameters, it is known that when line heart frequency point wave number is higher, for interference pattern The quality of picture is more advantageous.

6) alternative body characteristics line absorption depth；

Speed-measuring method is interfered to put aside it using Gaussian lineshape as profile according to asymmetric space heterodyne formula In the case of his physical parameter, it is known that deeper absorption depth is more advantageous for the quality of interference image, while need to consider to absorb deep Degree increases the influence to energy attenuating, carries out response compensation adjustment.

7) alternative body characteristics spectral line isolation；

Spectral line isolation is the form based on certain bandwidth memory in more absorption lines.Using Gaussian lineshape as line style Feature, in the case of putting aside other physical parameters, it is known that the higher quality for interference image of the frequency isolation degree of spectral line is more Favorably.

8) alternative body characteristics spectral line stability: as measuring instrument, the time-varying characteristics and stability of system inside and outside parameter are needed Certain range is controlled to guarantee the precision and validity of relative velocity measurement.Selecting from engineering viewpoint for alternative body is mentioned Go out specific requirement, preferably selects to show more stable characteristic spectral line as selecting object.

The present invention, which is intuitively realized, to be tested the speed with the interference of asymmetric space heterodyne formula as the absorption-type target source side of selecting of target Method can provide reference and input during systematic analysis for the final determination of system parameter and the guarantee of rate accuracy, meet The matching of system design front and back end parameter and in-orbit adaptability.