阅读说明：本技术 用于车辆摩擦制动器的铰接护罩 (Hinged shield for vehicle friction brake device ) 是由 R·J·斯格克斯 P·W·亚历山大 A·L·史密斯 D·拜格雷特 M·T·里埃夫 S·J· 于 2019-05-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种用于摩擦制动器的护罩组件,其用于使车辆的行走轮减速。该车辆具有车身,该车身具有被配置成面向入射的环境气流的第一车身端部,与该第一车身端部相对的第二车身端部,以及跨越该第一端部与该第二端部之间的距离的车身底部区段。该护罩组件包括第一护罩部件,该第一护罩部件被布置成邻近该制动器并且相对于该车身旋转地固定。护罩组件还包括第二护罩部件,该第二护罩部件可操作地连接到第一护罩部件,用于相对于第一护罩部件移动。该护罩组件还包括致动器,该致动器采用形状记忆合金元件,响应于制动器的温度而相对于第一护罩部件移动第二护罩部件,从而将气流的至少一部分引导至制动器并控制其温度。(A kind of cover assembly for friction brake is used to make the traveling wheel of vehicle to slow down.The vehicle has vehicle body, which, which has, is configured to the first vehicle body end towards incident ambient windstream, the second vehicle body end opposite with the first vehicle body end, and the body bottom section across the distance between the first end and the second end.The cover assembly includes the first shield part, which is arranged to the neighbouring brake and rotatably fixes relative to the vehicle body.Cover assembly further includes the second shield part, which is operably connected to the first shield part, for mobile relative to the first shield part.The cover assembly further includes actuator, which uses shape memory alloy component, in response to brake temperature and relative to mobile second shield part of the first shield part, so that at least part of air-flow be guided to brake and control its temperature.)

1. a kind of hinged cover assembly for friction brake, the hinged cover assembly are configured for making the row of vehicle It walks wheel to slow down, the vehicle has vehicle body, and the vehicle body, which has, is configured to the first vehicle body end towards incident ambient windstream Portion, the second vehicle body end opposite with first vehicle body end, and be configured to across first vehicle body end and institute The automobile body bottom section of the distance between second vehicle body end is stated, the cover assembly includes:

First shield part is arranged proximate to the friction brake and rotatably fixes relative to the vehicle body；

Second shield part is operatively connectable on first shield part and is configured to relative to first shield Cover member is mobile；And

Actuator, the actuator use marmem (SMA) element, in response to the friction brake temperature and phase Second shield part mobile for first shield part, thus by least part of the ambient windstream of the incidence Guidance is to the friction brake and controls its temperature.

2. cover assembly according to claim 1, wherein the actuator also comprises spring, the spring is configured to It offsets the power generated by the SMA element and is retracted into second shield part default lower than the friction brake Temperature.

3. cover assembly according to claim 2, wherein first shield part defines the ring for the incidence At least part of opening of border air-flow, and second shield part is configured to relative to first guard section Part rotation, thus selectively stops and opens the opening.

4. cover assembly according to claim 3, wherein the actuator is placed directly first shield part On.

5. cover assembly according to claim 3, in which:

By described at least part that the opening that first shield part limits is for the ambient windstream of the incidence Multiple single openings；

The SMA element is configured to multiple individual SMA wires；

First shield part includes multiple pivot members；

Second shield part includes multiple individual wing plates；And

Each of described individual SMA wire is configured to surround at least one of the multiple individual fin A corresponding rotation in the multiple pivot member, to selectively stop and open the phase in the multiple single opening Answer one.

6. cover assembly according to claim 2, wherein second shield part is arranged to neighbouring first shield Cover member and parallel with it, and second shield part be configured to selectively with first shield part interval It opens, thus generates described at least part of the ambient windstream for the incidence to the path of the friction brake.

7. cover assembly according to claim 6 further comprises guide pin, the guide pin is configured for described in maintenance Rotation position of second shield part relative to first shield part.

8. cover assembly according to claim 7, wherein respectively to surround the guide pin same for the SMA element and the spring Heart arrangement.

9. cover assembly according to claim 1, wherein first shield part defines opening and described second Shield part is elastic component, and the elastic component is configured for selectively covering and open the opening and curved Restoring force is generated when bent, and wherein the SMA element is configured for being bent the elastic component and thus opens institute State opening.

10. cover assembly according to claim 1, in which:

At least one of first shield part and second shield part include multiple elastic components；And

The spiral component that the SMA element is wound around, and it is configured to selectively squeeze the multiple elastic component, from And second shield part is separated with first shield part.

Summary of the invention

Disclosed herein is a kind of hinged cover assemblies for friction brake, and the component Configuration is at the walking for making vehicle Wheel slows down.The vehicle has vehicle body, which includes being configured to the first vehicle body end towards incident ambient windstream, with The second opposite vehicle body end of the first vehicle body end, and be configured to across the first vehicle body end and the second vehicle body end The body bottom section in the distance between portion.The cover assembly includes the first shield part, which is arranged to It rotatably fixes adjacent to the friction brake and relative to the vehicle body.Cover assembly further includes the second shield part, this second Shield part is operably connected to the first shield part, is configured to mobile relative to the first shield part.The cover assembly Further include actuator, the actuator use marmem (SMA) element, in response to friction brake temperature and relative to First shield part moves the second shield part, to guiding at least part of incident ambient windstream to friction brake And control its temperature.

The actuator can also comprise spring, which is configured to offset the power generated by SMA element and by the Two shield parts are retracted into the preset temperature lower than friction brake.

First shield part can limit at least part of opening for incident ambient windstream, and the second shield Component can be configured to rotate relative to the first shield part, to selectively stop and open the opening.

The actuator can be directly arranged on the first shield part.

Multiple individual openings can be by the opening that the first shield part limits；SMA element may be configured to multiple Individual SMA wire；The spring may be configured to multiple individual springs；First shield part may include multiple pivots Turn component；And the second shield part may include multiple individual fins.In such embodiments, each individual SMA Metal wire can be configured to the corresponding rotation for making at least one of multiple individual fins in multiple pivot members, from And selectively stop and open corresponding one in multiple individual openings.

Second shield part can be arranged neighbouring first shield part and in parallel, and second shield Component may be configured to selectively be spaced apart with first shield part, that is, move away, and thus generates and is used for the incidence Ambient windstream at least part to the path of the friction brake.

Cover assembly may also include guide pin, which is configured to keep the second shield part relative to the first shield part Rotation position.

Each of SMA element and spring can be disposed concentrically upon around guide pin.

First shield part can limit opening, and the second shield part can be elastic component, which is matched It is set to and selectively covers and open the opening and generate restoring force in bending.In such embodiments, SMA element can It is configured to be bent elastic component, to open opening.

At least one of first shield part and the second shield part may include multiple elastic components.In such reality It applies in example, the spiral component that SMA element can be wound around, is configured to selectively squeeze multiple elastic components, thus by Two shield parts are separated with the first shield part.

There is disclosed herein a kind of vehicles with this hinged cover assembly.

When in conjunction with attached drawing and the appended claims, from below to for executing described disclosed embodiment and most In the detailed description of good mode, the features described above and advantage and other feature and advantage of the disclosure be will become obvious.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is that the motor vehicles have at each traveling wheel to rub according to the floor map of the motor vehicles of the disclosure Brake subassemblies and hinged cover assembly are wiped, which has actuator, which is closed using shape memory Golden (SMA) element operates corresponding shield, and incident air flow is guided to specific brake subassemblies.

Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the disk brake embodiment of brake subassemblies shown in FIG. 1, wherein braking Device sub-component is configured to disk brake and actuator is installed to disk brake cover assembly.

Fig. 3 is the schematic side elevation of the drum brake embodiment of brake subassemblies shown in Fig. 1, and wherein actuator is pacified It is attached to drum brake cover assembly.

Fig. 4 is partial disassembly's close-up schematic view of the internal part of the embodiment of actuator shown in Fig. 1-3.

Fig. 5 is partial disassembly's close-up schematic view of the internal part of another embodiment of actuator shown in Fig. 1-3.

Fig. 6 A is the close-up schematic view of the embodiment of hinged cover assembly shown in Fig. 1-3；Wherein the shield, which is portrayed as, is in Completely closed state.

Fig. 6 B is the close-up schematic view of the embodiment of hinged cover assembly shown in Fig. 6 A；Wherein the shield is portrayed as in complete Full opening state.

Fig. 7 A is the close-up schematic view of another embodiment of hinged cover assembly shown in Fig. 1-3；Wherein the shield is portrayed as It is in the completely closed state.

Fig. 7 B is the close-up schematic view of the embodiment of hinged cover assembly shown in Fig. 7 A；Wherein the shield is portrayed as in complete Full opening state.

Fig. 8 A is the close-up schematic view of another embodiment of hinged cover assembly shown in Fig. 1-3；Wherein the shield is portrayed as It is in the completely closed state.

Fig. 8 B is the close-up schematic view of the embodiment of hinged cover assembly shown in Fig. 8 A；Wherein the shield is portrayed as in complete Full opening state.

Fig. 9 A is the close-up schematic view of another embodiment of hinged cover assembly shown in Fig. 1-3；Wherein the shield is portrayed as It is in the completely closed state.

Fig. 9 B is the close-up schematic view of the embodiment of hinged cover assembly shown in Fig. 9 A；Wherein the shield is portrayed as in complete Full opening state.

Figure 10 A is the close-up schematic view of another embodiment of hinged cover assembly shown in Fig. 1-3；Wherein the shield is described It is in the completely closed state.

Figure 10 B is the close-up schematic view of the embodiment of hinged cover assembly shown in Figure 10 A；Wherein the shield, which is portrayed as, is in Full open position.

Specific embodiment

Referring to attached drawing, wherein identical appended drawing reference indicates that identical component, Fig. 1 are shown relative to the positioning of road surface 12 The schematic diagram of motor vehicles 10.Vehicle 10 can be the mobile platform for personal, business or industrial purpose, such as car, ATV, aircraft etc..

As shown, vehicle 10 includes the vehicle body 14 with longitudinal axis X.Vehicle body 14 limits six Vehicular side bodies.Six Vehicular side body includes the first vehicle body end or front end 16, opposite the second vehicle body end or rear end 18, left side 20, right side Portion 22 and top body portion 24 and body bottom part 26 (as shown in Figure 3) for generally including roof.As shown in Figure 1, example Such as when vehicle travels forward relative to road surface 12, front end 16 be configured in face of head-on or it is incident, i.e., approaching and contact with, Ambient windstream 25.

With continued reference to Fig. 1, body bottom part 26 is configured to across between the front end 16 and rear end 18 of vehicle body 14 Distance 28.Body bottom part 26 also defines the un-occupied space between 12 (not shown) of vehicle body 14 and road surface.Therefore, vehicle Space between body 14 and road surface 12 allows first or body bottom airflow portion 25-1 below vehicle body 14, vehicle body 14 and road surface Pass through between 12, and the second airflow portion 25-2 passes through above top body portion 24.In addition, third airflow portion 25-3 from Pass through around left side 20 and right side 22.Airflow portion 25-1,25-2 and 25-3 are behind the rear end of immediately move vehicle 18 It is recombined behind rear end 18 in the velocity wake region or recirculated air region 25-5 in face.Recirculated air region 25-5 is logical Often caused under raised car speed by the air stream around Vehicular side body 18,20,22,24 and 26.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, vehicle 10 includes multiple traveling wheels, specifically front-wheel 32A and rear-wheel 32B, and may include For generating the dynamical system 34 of the internal combustion engine 36 of engine torque T.Dynamical system 34 can also include speed changer 38, speed changer Engine 36 is operationally connected at least some of traveling wheel 32A, 32B by 38, for engine torque T to be transmitted to row It walks to take turns 32A, 32B.Dynamical system 34, which can also comprise, is operably connected at least some of traveling wheel 32A and 32B Fuel cell and/or one or more motor generator (not shown).

As shown in Figure 1, vehicle body 14 is operably connected to corresponding traveling wheel 32A and 32B by vehicle suspension system 40, use Contact between holding wheel and road surface, and the manipulation for keeping vehicle.Suspension system 40 may include upper suspension arm 42, Lower control arm 44 and the pillar 46 for being connected to each front-wheel 32A, 32B.Suspension system 40 can also include being connected to each rear-wheel The trailing arm 48 and spring 50 of 32A, 32B.Although the particular configuration of suspension system 40 is shown in FIG. 1, similarly imagine Other vehicle suspension designs.

Still as shown in Figure 1, wheel steering system 52 is operably connected to front-wheel 32A, for turning to vehicle 10.Turn It include the steering wheel 54 that front-wheel 32A is operably connected to via steering rack 56 to system 52.Steering wheel 54 is arranged in vehicle In 10 passenger carriage, operator's order vehicle of vehicle is allowed to take the specific direction relative to road surface.In addition, accelerating Device pedal 58 is located in the passenger carriage of vehicle 10, and wherein accelerator pedal is operably connected to dynamical system 34, is used for The propulsion of order vehicle 10.

Motor vehicle braking system 60 is operably connected to corresponding front-wheel 32A and rear-wheel 32B, for subtracting the rotation of wheel Speed and make vehicle 10 slow down.Braking system 60 includes friction brake sub-component 62, and friction brake sub-component 62 is arranged in phase The place each of the front-wheel 32A and rear-wheel 32B that answer and it is operably connected to vehicle suspension system 40.Each brake Component 62 may be configured to disk brake (being shown in FIG. 2) or drum brake (being shown in FIG. 3).Each brake Sub-component 62 includes rotor 64, which is used to surround axis Y synchronous rotary with corresponding wheel 32A or 32B.The material of rotor Material is selected generally according to advantageous tribological properties and effective heat resistance.Typically, rotor is formed by cast iron, but Being made of in some cases can be by the carbon-to-carbon or ceramic matric composite of composite material such as enhancing.Each brake Component 62 also comprises actuator 66, such as is arranged in the caliper 66-1 of disk brake (showing in Fig. 2) or drum-type system Hydraulic actuating piston in the pedestal 66-2 of dynamic device (being shown in Fig. 3), and the brake is configured to generate actuating power 68.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, each brake subassemblies 62 further include with can Wear Friction liner or section 72 braking Device component 70.Friction section 72 also comprises friction surface 74, which is pressed to by actuating power 68 and rotor 64 contacts, for making the rotation of corresponding wheel 32A or 32B slow down.Typically, friction section is by flexible relative but tough and tensile and resistance to The material of heat is constituted, which has high dynamic friction coefficient, and ideally confficient of static friction having the same.Rub section 72 be a part of brake subassemblies 62, and the kinetic energy of vehicle is converted into thermal energy, and the thermal energy is initially a large amount of by rotor 64 It absorbs and is then discharged into ambient enviroment via radiation and/or convection current.The absorption of this thermal energy can lead to friction section 72 With the thermotropic size distortion and brake fade of excessive wear, rotor on rotor 64, that is, the power of brake reduces.

Entire brake component 70 (including friction section 72) is commonly referred to as " brake facing " or " brake block ".Such as figure Shown in 2, if brake subassemblies 62 are configured to disk brake, rotor 64 is configured to disk rotor and brake Component 70 is accordingly configured to gasket for disc brake.As shown in figure 3, if brake subassemblies 62 are configured to drum brake Device, then rotor 64 is configured to brake drum, and brake component 70 is correspondingly configured to drum brake brake shoe.

As shown in Fig. 2, pincers 66-1 is generally configured to protect relative to rotor 64, i.e. disk rotor in disk brake Hold a pair of of brake component 70, i.e. brake facing, and to brake facing apply actuating power 68 to squeeze disk rotor so that Vehicle 10 slows down.As shown in figure 3, in drum brake, a pair of of brake component 70, i.e. brake block generally remain in and turn Son 64 rouses, interior, and actuator 66 apply on circumference of the actuating power 68 brake block to be pressed against to bulging inner surface with Vehicle 10 is set to slow down.In addition, can be stepped on via braking in the respective situation of disk brake and drum brake of Fig. 2 and 3 Plate 76 (as shown in Figure 1) controls actuating power 68.Brake pedal 76 is located in the passenger carriage of vehicle 10, and is suitable for by vehicle Operator control.Alternatively, actuating power 68 can be controlled by airborne or outer computer (not shown).

As shown in Fig. 2-10B, vehicle 10 further includes hinged brake cover assembly 80, the hinged brake cover assembly 80 It is installed on the appropriate component of the specific embodiment of vehicle suspension system 40, and is placed close to rotor 64, such as distance in 2- In 10mm.Hinged brake rotor cover assembly 80 can be configured for shield (such as Fig. 2 of the disk rotor embodiment of rotor 64 Shown in 3).Hinged brake cover assembly 80 is typically configured to the shadow for the fragment for protecting rotor 64 to carry from different kinds of roads It rings, and the influence for the thermal energy for protecting neighbouring component to radiate from rotor.As shown in figure 3, hinged brake cover assembly 80 The backboard that may be configured to the brake drum embodiment for rotor 64, plays to the back board part similar guard function. Hinged brake cover assembly 80 is otherwise configured to be opened to the path of friction brake sub-component 62 and controls friction system The temperature of dynamic device sub-component 62, at least part of the path for incident ambient windstream 25, for example, body bottom air-flow portion Divide 25-1 or third airflow portion 25-3.

As shown in Fig. 2 and 4-10B, cover assembly 80 includes the first shield part 82.First shield part 82 is close to friction Brake subassemblies 62 are arranged.First shield part 82 is roughly parallel to the positioning of rotor 64 and rotatably consolidates relative to vehicle body 14 It is fixed.Cover assembly 80 further includes the second shield part 84, and the second shield part 84 is operably connected to the first shield part 82 And it is configured to mobile relative to the first shield part 82.Specifically, the second shield part 84 can nominally be arranged in the first shield Cover member 82 closely nearby, such as in part millimeter or is even in contact with it, and usual in parallel.Shield Component 80 further includes actuator 86, which uses marmem (SMA) element, usually by the number 88 in Fig. 2 It indicates, to generate power F_a, power F_aFor keeping the second shield part 84 mobile relative to the first shield part 82.

Actuator 86 is arranged at brake subassemblies 62 and is configured in response to the temperature of brake subassemblies 62 Degree (shows in Fig. 6 B, 7B, 8B, 9B and 10B completely closing and (show in Fig. 6 A, 7A, 8A, 9A and 10A) and fully open Between out), including the two endpoint, to select the position for the second shield part 84.This behaviour of cover assembly 80 It is intended to for gas flow to the path of friction brake sub-component 62 (such as to rotor 64) and guide incident ring via opening At least part of border air-flow 25, and control its temperature.Specifically, actuator 86 may be configured in response to such as SMA member The specific choice of the friction brake sub-component 62 detected of part 88, i.e., preset, temperature, via power F_a(Fig. 6 B, 7B, Shown in 8B, 9B and 10B) between fully open and fully closed cover assembly, it is mobile including two endpoint locations Second shield part 84, selectively to operate cover assembly 80.

SMA element 88 is intended to be made of phase-change material, such as copper-aluminium-nickel, Ni-Ti or Ni-Ti-copper.In general, SMA, Referred to as SMART METALS or alloy are the alloys of " remembeing " its original-shape, and after a deformation, it is pre- to be restored to its when heated Deformed shape.As used herein, " phase transformation " material is that can have difference at different temperatures with type-existing for different phases Micro-structure and functional character-and can due to influence material temperature and stress variation and from a phase transition at another A phase.

SMA can show shape memory effect.That is, SMA element 88 can be and difficult to understand by martensitic phase, i.e., " martensite " Family name's body phase, i.e. " austenite ", between transformation and undergo solid state crystallization phase transformation.Martensitic phase, which is that typically under lower temperature, to be existed Marmem relatively soft and the phase that is easily deformed.Austenite phase, the stronger phase of marmem, in higher temperature Lower generation.Marmem remembers that the temperature of its high temperature form is known as phase transition temperature, can be by applying stress and other sides Method is adjusted.Therefore, the temperature difference between austenite phase and martensitic phase can be phase transformation Δ T.Alternatively, SMA element 88 can be through Displacive transformation is gone through rather than diffusion transformation, to change between martensite and austenite.Displacement sex reversal is (or former by atom Son group) relative to its adjacent atom the coordinated movement of various economic factors and the structure change that occurs.In general, martensitic phase refers to relatively lower temp Phase, and usually more easily-deformable than the austenite phase of comparative high temperature, i.e., Young's modulus is about 2.5 times low.

SMA element 88 starts to be known as martensite start temperature M from the temperature that austenite phase becomes martensitic phase_S.SMA element 88 temperature for completing the transformation from austenite phase to martensitic phase are referred to as martensite and complete temperature M_F.Similarly, work as SMA element 88 when being heated, and SMA element 88 starts to be referred to as austenite start temperature A from martensitic phase variation to the temperature of austenite phase_S。 The temperature that SMA element 88 completes the transformation from martensitic phase to austenite phase is referred to as austenite and completes temperature A_F.Therefore, SMA The feature of element 88 can be cold conditions, that is, when the temperature of SMA element completes temperature M lower than the martensite of SMA element 88_FWhen. Equally, SMA element 88 is further characterized in that hot, i.e., when the austenite that the temperature of SMA element 88 is higher than SMA element is completed Temperature A_FWhen.

Therefore, SMA element 88 is configured to the variation due to the temperature and stress that influence the element and becomes from a phase Change to another phase.Therefore, SMA element 88 is that actuator 86 provides temperature and the response of sensing friction brake sub-component 62 In the ability that this is operated.Therefore, the characteristic that can specifically select SMA element 88, in the pre- of friction brake sub-component 62 If power F is generated at a temperature of_a。

As shown in Figure 2-5, actuator 86 can be enclosed in actuator casing 90.Actuator 86 can be mounted directly to One shield part 82.For the ease of this construction of cover assembly 80, the first shield part 82 can limit recess or hole 92, should Recess or hole 92 have the size especially selected to accommodate and receive the external dimensions of actuator casing 90.Actuator 86 is first This installation at shield part 82 ensures SMA element 88 in response to the thermal energy issued by rotor 64 and/or gasket 70 to start Cover assembly 80 simultaneously opens the path for incident ambient windstream 25 to cool down friction brake sub-component 62.In cover assembly In 80 some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, actuator 86 further includes bias spring 94, which is configured to offset The power F that SMA element 88 generates_a.Specifically, spring 94 generates power F_bThe second shield part 84 is retracted into friction brake Below the preset temperature of component 62.

In 4 embodiment of specific pattern of actuator 86, the bias force F of bias spring 94_bIt can be configured to offset SMA element 88 Wire embodiment 88A expansion and one of contraction.In alternative embodiment shown in Fig. 5, SMA 88 can be configured to multiple Disk line 88B, can be separated by individual separator 96 and with one or more 94 arranged in series of bias spring.Using SMA's 88 The actuator 86 of wire 88A embodiment may also include first pulley 98 and second pulley 100 (as shown in Figure 4).As shown, The wire 88A embodiment of SMA 88 extends around pulley 98,100.In such embodiments, the first and second pulleys 98, Each of 100 are configured to change the orientation path of SMA88 wire, so that actuator 86 can be with applied force F_aTo activate Second shield part 84.In addition, pulley 98,100 encapsulates cause with allowing the wire 88A embodiment compact dimensions using SMA88 Dynamic device 86, wherein the wire 88A embodiment of SMA88 has enough length to generate the appropriate displacement of the second shield part 84 And actuating.Therefore, power F_aThe bias force F applied with bias spring 94_bIt operates on the contrary.In specific embodiment shown in Fig. 4, Actuator casing 90 is configured to for SMA88, bias spring 94 and pulley 98,100 being installed and retained in wherein.

According to embodiment shown in Fig. 6 A and 6B, the first shield part 82 can limit one or more openings 102, and the Two shield parts 84 can limit at least one opening 103.Opening 103 is configured to the permission when opening 103 is overlapped with opening 102 The incident 25 engaging friction brake subassemblies 62 of ambient windstream of at least part.Specifically, in the embodiment of Fig. 6 A and 6B, Second shield part 84 is configured to rotate around axis Y relative to the first shield part 82, so that selectively blocking and opening are opened Mouth 102.Therefore, opening 103 is arranged to be overlapped with opening 102, and when the second shield part 84 is rotated via SMA88 Allow incident 25 engaging friction brake subassemblies 62 of ambient windstream when amount appropriate.In such embodiments, actuator 86 can be directly arranged on the first shield part 82, as described above with reference to Figure 2.

According to another embodiment shown in Fig. 7 A and 7B, the first shield part 82 can limit multiple individual openings 102.In addition, SMA element 88 is configured to multiple individual SMA wire 88A.Then, spring 94 can be configured to multiple independent Spring 94A.First shield part 82 can also include multiple pivot members 104.In addition, the second shield part 84 may include, Or more specifically, it is configured to multiple individual fins or tab 84A.In the present embodiment, each individually SMA wire 88A Then it is configured to the corresponding rotation for making at least one of multiple individual fin 84A in multiple pivot members 104, from And selectively stop and open corresponding one in multiple individual openings 102.

Another embodiment according to shown in Fig. 8 A, 8B, the second shield part 84 can be disposed parallel to the first guard section Part 82 and close first shield part 82, such as be in contact with it.Second shield part 84 may be configured to select along axis Y Property be spaced apart or move away with the first shield part 82, thus generate at least part for incident ambient windstream 25 To the path of friction brake sub-component 62.Cover assembly 80 may also include one or more guide pins 108, be configured to holding Rotation position of two shield parts 84 relative to the first shield part 82.As shown, SMA element 88 be configured to it is multiple individually SMA screw element 88B.Each SMA screw element 88B and individual spring 94A can be around corresponding guide pin 108 concentrically Arrangement.

Another embodiment according to shown in Fig. 9 A, 9B, the first shield part 82 can limit multiple openings 102, and the Two shield parts 84 can be configured to elastic component 84C.As shown, each elastic component 84C is configured to selectively cover With corresponding 102, and generation restoring force or the bias force F in bending of being open of opening_b.In the present embodiment, SMA element 88C matches It is set to the corresponding elastic component 84C of bending, to expose specific opening 102.Therefore, the spy of the specific embodiment of Fig. 9 A, 9B Sign is without individual dedicated bias spring, such as spring 94.The another embodiment according to shown in Figure 10 A, 10B, the first shield At least one of cover member 82 and the second shield part 84 may include multiple elastic components 110.As shown, in the present embodiment In, SMA element 88 is configured to be wound around the spiral component 88D around multiple elastic components 110.Spiral SMA element 88 into one The temperature that step is configured in response to brake subassemblies 62 selectively squeezes multiple elastic components 110 and thus by second Shield part 82 is separated with the first shield part 84.

Generally, hinged brake cover assembly 80 can be completely closed at it or be rubbed close to protection in the state of closing The influence of pollutant and/or fragment that brake subassemblies 62 are carried from road.On the other hand, when the increased braking temperature of driving When the condition of degree needs, hinged brake cover assembly 80, which can be generated, to be rubbed for the path of incident ambient windstream 25 with cooling Wipe brake subassemblies 62.It can thus be avoided between rotor 64 and friction surface 74 with will likely pollution introduce friction Brake subassemblies 62 are that cost is cooling come the effective brake in the service life for maintaining peak value to stop power and extension friction facing 72 Common compromise.

The detailed description and the accompanying drawings or figure support and describe the disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is only defined by the claims. Although being described in detail for realizing disclosed some optimal modes claimed and other embodiments, exist For practice limit in the following claims disclosed in various supplement or replacements.In addition, be shown in the accompanying drawings The feature of embodiment or the various embodiments referred in the present specification is not necessarily to be construed as embodiment independent of each other.On the contrary, In Each characteristic described in one example of one embodiment can be with other one or more expectations from other embodiments Property combination so that not being possible with text or the other embodiments being described with reference to the drawings.Therefore, these are other Embodiment is fallen into the frame of scope of the appended claims.