阅读说明：本技术 锂离子单体电池及其制造方法 (Lithium ion single battery and its manufacturing method ) 是由 D.韦伯 A.莱姆克 S.希尔德 W.齐普里奇 于 2019-05-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及用于锂电池的锂离子单体电池(200),其具有被构造为锂阳极(1)的第一电极(201)和被构造为阴极组件(100)的第二电极(202),并且其中第一和第二电极(201,202)中的至少一个具有：电流放电器层(4,104)、功能材料(5,105)和涂层(6,106),其中电流放电器层(4,104)呈栅格状地构造有限定开放的空腔(3,103)的导体结构(2,102),功能材料(5,105)布置在导体结构(2,102)之间的空腔(3,103)中并且涂层(6,106)覆盖电流放电器层(4,104)和功能材料(5,105)。本发明还涉及这种锂离子单体电池(200)的制造方法和用途。(The present invention relates to the lithium ion single batteries (200) for lithium battery, it has the first electrode (201) for being configured to lithium anode (1) and the second electrode (202) for being configured to cathode assembly (100), and wherein the first and second electrode (201, at least one of 202) current arrester layer (4 is included, 104), functional material (5, and coating (6 105), 106), wherein current arrester layer (4, 104) it is configured in lattice-shaped and limits open cavity (3, 103) conductor structure (2, 102), functional material (5, 105) it is arranged in conductor structure (2, 102) cavity (3 between, 103) in and coating (6, 106) current arrester layer (4 is covered, and functional material 104) (5,105).The invention further relates to the manufacturing methods and purposes of this lithium ion single battery (200).)

1. being used for the lithium ion single battery (200) of lithium battery, include

Be configured to lithium anode (1) first electrode (201) and

It is configured to the second electrode (202) of cathode assembly (100), and wherein in the first and second electrodes (201,202) At least one is included

Current arrester layer (4,104),

Functional material (5,105) and

Coating (6,106), wherein

Current arrester layer (4,104) be configured in lattice-shaped limit open cavity (3,103) conductor structure (2, 102), functional material (5,105) is arranged in the cavity (3,103) between conductor structure (2,102) and coating (6,106) covers Lid current arrester layer (4,104) and functional material (5,105).

2. lithium ion single battery (200) according to claim 1, wherein conductor structure (2,102) includes with flowering structure One of: metal lath (2a)；The metal plate (2b) of perforation, punching and/or fluting；The metal foil of perforation, punching and/or fluting (2b)；The wire bar component (2c) of welding；The wire bar component (2c) of intertexture；The wire bar component (2e) of braiding；Wire rod fabric (2d).

3. lithium ion single battery (200) according to claim 1 or 2, the wherein conductor structure of first electrode (201) It (2) include metal material, particularly copper.

4. lithium ion single battery (200) according to claim 1,2 or 3, the wherein conductor structure of second electrode (202) It (102) include metal material, particularly aluminium.

5. wherein functional material (5,105) is arranged according to claim 1 to lithium ion single battery (200) described in one of 4 First and/or second electrode conductor structure (2,102) cavity (3,103) in so that in functional material (5,105) and conductor Free volume (7) are formed between structure (2,102) and/or are formed freely between functional material (5,105) and coating (6,106) Volume (7).

6. lithium ion single battery (200) according to one of claims 1 to 5, the wherein coating of first electrode (201) It (6) include carbon containing material.

7. lithium ion single battery (200) according to one of preceding claims, the wherein function material of first electrode (201) Expect that (5) include semi-metallic, particularly Si.

8. lithium ion single battery (200) according to one of preceding claims, the wherein function at first electrode (201) Material (5) as layer arrangement on the surface of conductor structure (2) and coating (6) covering current arrester layer (4) and therefore cover Lid function material (5) and filler are set as filling cavity (3), and the filler and functional material (5) and coating (6) couple.

9. lithium ion single battery (200) according to one of preceding claims, the wherein coating of second electrode (202) (106) active material of cathode (105) are configured to, with one of following material:

- LCO lithium and cobalt oxides (LiCoO₂)；

- NMC lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide [Li (NiCoMn) O₂]；

- NCA lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide [Li (NiCoAl) O₂]；

- LNMO high pressure spinelle (LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄)；

Cross the high pressure spinelle (Li that lithiumation LNMO crosses lithiumation_1+xNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄)；

- LFP LiFePO4 (LiFePO₄) and

- LMO lithium manganese oxide (LiMn₂O₄)。

10. lithium ion single battery (200) according to one of preceding claims, the wherein function of second electrode (202) Material (105) includes the material based on Li.

11. lithium ion single battery (200) according to claim 10, wherein the material (105) based on Li includes stablizing Li the and/or Li compound of change, with oxide, nitrate, nitride and/or lithium powder.

12. for manufacture according to claim 1 to one of 11 lithium ion single battery (200) method, comprising:

First electrode (201) and second electrode (202) are provided, wherein one in first or second electrode (201,202) includes

Current arrester layer (4,104),

Functional material (5,105) and

Coating (6,106), wherein

Current arrester layer (4,104) be configured in lattice-shaped limit open cavity (3,103) conductor structure (2, 102), functional material (5,105) is arranged in the cavity (3,103) between conductor structure (2,102) and coating (6,106) covers Lid current arrester layer (4,104) and functional material (5,105)；

By the first and second electrode assemblings at lithium ion single battery.

13. according to the method for claim 12, including first electrode (201) prelithiation.

14. lithium battery, have according to claim 1 to one of 11 lithium ion single battery (200), electrolyte and by first With second electrode (201,202) partition separated from each other (203).

15. lithium battery according to claim 14, wherein the electrolyte is formed in the form of solid phase or liquid phase.

Background technique

So-called lithium battery or the electricity drive being widely used in portable use and motor vehicles there are also lithium ion battery Dynamic device.In this case, term lithium battery includes the battery with lithium anodes and the battery with lithiated graphite anode The two, the anode can be the component of lithium ion single battery.

In the context of this application, it is related be rechargeable lithium-ions battery technology, this be different from not Reusable one-shot battery.Term lithium battery should also refer to this battery herein.

Lithium ion battery uaes carbon as negative electrode material (in electric discharge: lithium anode) and metalliferous material is (usually golden Belong to oxide) as anode (in electric discharge: cathode assembly).

Lithium battery is formed by multiple lithium single batteries, is constructed as follows: lithium anode (first electrode) and cathode assembly (second Electrode) it is separated from each other by partition (diaphragm), but be connected with each other in a manner of lithium ion conduction the electrolyte of through electrode. Anode and cathode is connected respectively to collector, which forms current arrester layer.Conventional single battery is the structure of multilayer It makes.In this case, it is applied on current arrester layer in anode-side using carbon material as active material of positive electrode, and in yin Pole side will be usually applied on current arrester layer by the active material of cathode that metal oxide is formed.Arrange between them every Plate, anode active material layers and cathode active material are separated from one another.The liquid or solid-state of through electrode active material Electrolyte allows lithium ion Li⁺It transmits between the electrodes.

The exploitation of new lithium single battery is intended to by improved lithium ion insertion and deintercalation or by so-called " lithium electricity Higher cell voltage, bigger power, higher is realized in plating " (which avoids deposit lithium metal under high charge current) Capacity (charge) and safety, and it is achieved in longer circulation and time lifetime.

There are a variety of methods: for example, this can increase phase more and more using the active material of positive electrode for being enriched with lithium metal Answer the theoretical capacity of lithium single battery.This combination electrode is for example by 10 2,012 212 788 A1, DE 10 2,014 226 of DE 390 A1 and it is known.It it is known that the porous lithium monolithic with equadag coating from 10 2,015 212 220 A1 of DE (Lithiummonolithe)。

Instead of current arrester foil or plate, there are also certain methods using permeable lattice structure or by porous material structure At component.Lattice structure for example from US 6106978 A1, US 626887 B and US 20130309579 and it is known that and more Mesoporous metal is described in 2015295246 A of US as current arrester.

There are also certain methods, and wherein lithium anode has the protection of the current arrester or surface structuration of surface structuration Layer, wherein the frame-like structure that can be filled with active material of positive electrode forms bounded surface section (cavity).This is intended to improve activity Adhesiveness between material and current arrester or protective layer, and the mechanical damage of protective layer, such as protective layer is reduced or avoided Removing and/or rupture.Cavity can accommodate the active material of positive electrode of just so much volume herein, so that filling is in just The cavity of charged state, wherein active material of positive electrode has in the charge state than volume higher under uncharged state.However, Cavity has bottom, so that can not pass through bottom carries out ionic conduction.Bottom is also limited in this case along a side To volume expansion when charging.

Method is also existed as follows, wherein introduce the particles into plate shape or foil shape current arrester with recess (referring to DE 10 2012 112 186 A1).Equally, current arrester prevents ionic conduction herein.

Therefore improved lithium anode, lithium single battery or lithium battery are needed, wherein at least partly eliminate disadvantages mentioned above, The overall volume that especially very little does not occur or only occurs for electrode (that is, anode) when lithium ion is stored or is discharged changes.

In modern lithium single battery, there are also certain methods, and lithium anode (lithium single battery) can be made to be enriched with additional lithium (this is referred to as prelithiation (prelithiation)).In this case, should be avoided or reduce chemical conversion (SEI is formed, first Secondary charging cycle) during irreversible capacitance loss, the capacitance loss since recyclable lithium is combined in SEI is formed and Cause.SEI (solid electrolyte interface) refers on the boundary of the active material of positive electrode (silicon, carbon material or other) and electrolyte of anode The layer formed at face.Here, lithium is irreversibly introduced.

For prelithiation, it is known to several possibilities.US2014/227432A is set as in active material of positive electrode using solid Body lithium metal powder.There is also lithium salts is introduced negative electrode (anode) to carry out the method for prelithiation (see, for example, US 2015/ 364795 A).The method of cathode prelithiation is described in 1006058168 A of CN.Here, nanometer grade lithium fluoride is added to In cathode material.

However, may occur in which following problem during the prelithiation of cathode material: first time charge during/later or During SEI is formed/later, occur bulk effect in cathode material, this is because removing lithium from prelithiation agent there (it is moved in SEI formation or anode) and it can lead to structure problem there and cause.

Therefore, it is necessary to improved cathode material or cathode assemblies (or being cathode assembly), allow the prelithiation optimized, Wherein at least partly eliminate disadvantages mentioned above.

Summary of the invention

The present invention relates to the lithium ion single battery (Lithium-Ionen- for lithium battery (or being lithium battery group) Zelle), have and be configured to the first electrode of lithium anode and be configured to the second electrode (202) of cathode assembly (100), At least one of first and second electrodes (201,202) include current arrester layer (Stromableiterschicht) (4, 104), functional material (5,105) and coating (6,106).

The invention further relates to its manufacturing methods.Moreover, it relates to the lithium battery with this lithium ion single battery.

Detailed description of the invention

The embodiment of the present invention will be described by example, with reference now, accompanying drawing which illustrate:

The schematic diagram of the details of the first embodiment of Fig. 1 lithium anode,

The cross-sectional view of lithium anode shown in Fig. 2 Fig. 1,

The conductor structure that Fig. 3 is formed by metal lath,

The conductor structure of Fig. 4 perforation or punching, is configured to the foil or plate with different sectional hole patterns,

Fig. 5 has the view of the conductor structure of the conductor element of welding,

The cross section of conductor structure shown in Fig. 6 Fig. 5,

Fig. 7 is configured to the conductor structure of non-woven fabrics (Flies) or wire rod fabric,

The conductor structure of Fig. 8 braiding,

Fig. 9 is used to manufacture the schematic diagram of the method for lithium anode according to the present invention,

The schematic diagram of the second embodiment of Figure 10 lithium anode,

The cross-sectional view of lithium anode shown in Figure 11 Figure 10,

Figure 12 is for manufacturing lithium anode shown in Figure 10 and for manufacturing the lithium ion single battery according to Figure 16 or 17 The method flow schematically illustrated,

Figure 13 is used to manufacture the schematic diagram of the coating method of lithium anode shown in Figure 10,

The schematic diagram of the embodiment of Figure 14 cathode assembly according to the present invention,

The cross-sectional view of cathode assembly shown in Figure 15 a- Figure 15 b Figure 14,

The schematic diagram of Figure 16 lithium ion single battery according to the present invention, with lithium anode according to first embodiment and Cathode assembly according to the present invention,

With the lithium ion single battery of lithium anode shown in Figure 17 Figure 16 according to the second embodiment.

Specific embodiment

The view construction of lithium anode 1 shown in Fig. 1 is as follows: conductor structure 2 is herein by the conductor grid with quadratic mesh 3 Trellis is at the quadratic mesh 3 limits open cavity.Conductor structure 2 can constitute (see below) by different materials and be formed The current arrester layer 4 (referring to fig. 2) of substantially planar shape.

The active material of positive electrode 5 formed by silicon materials is arranged in mesh 3.Current arrester layer 4 is provided with painting in two sides Layer 6, which is arranged to is in electrical contact with conductor structure 2.Coating can be wrapped by lithium conductive material, particularly carbon material is formed Include following material: graphite, hard carbon, soft carbon, carbon nanotube, gas-phase growth of carbon fibre and other be suitable for the anode of lithium ion transport Material.In mesh 3, silicon materials 5, which are arranged to, provides free volume 7.

In this case, free volume is not necessarily to be construed as open or empty cavity, but can also be on microcosmic It is considered as free volume, wherein silicon materials 5 can expand during receiving (insertion) lithium ion.5 (silicon of active material of positive electrode Material) also it is electrically connected with conductor structure 2 and coating 6.

Coating 6 can also be projected into partly in the cavity 3 (mesh) of conductor structure 2 and be contacted or even at least partly Coated anode active material 5.

The function of lithium anode according to first embodiment is as follows.It is embedded in active material of positive electrode (silicon materials) when by lithium ion When, occur active material of positive electrode 5 volume change --- it is expanded.Free volume 7 in open cavity 3 is this swollen Space needed for swollen offer.In this case, the overall thickness D of lithium anode 1 will not change.In other words, the part in cavity 3 The volume change of generation is only locally occurring, and will not cause any bulk expansion of lithium anode 1.

Fig. 3 to 8 shows the possibility alternative solution of conductor structure.The conductor formed by metal lath is shown in FIG. 3 Structure 2a.

The punching or perforation figure (round hole, square hole) in metal foil 2b of substitution is shown in FIG. 4.In addition to institute Except the round hole and square hole that show, other holes or slot pattern can also be provided, can accurately adapt to the required of lithium anode Property.

Figures 5 and 6 show open braiding structure (Gewebestruktur) 2c formed by round wire rod 2', at it Contact point at be optionally conductively engaged with each other (for example, welding, soldering, compacting).The circle wire rod shown in is transversal Face, it is possible to use other cross-sectional geometries.Therefore ellipse or tape conductor can be used to replace the wire rod.

Fig. 7 shows wire rod nonwoven fabric construct (Drahtfliesstruktur) 2d, and it is living that anode can be introduced into its cavity Property material.

Fig. 8 shows braiding or knitted structure (Wirk-oder Strickstruktur) 2e, wherein specific by selecting Knitting technology equally can be achieved with three-dimensional extension mesh 3.

The characteristic for the lithium anode 1 implemented in this way can particularly be determined by the geometry of conductor structure 2, That is, passing through the range (thickness and width) of current conducting areas and the open cavity by wherein arranging active material of positive electrode Size and geometry determine.Thus the amount of also controllable active material of positive electrode, so that can get corresponding free volume 7, It accommodates expansion of active material of positive electrode (silicon materials) 5 during insertion.

Fig. 9 shows the process according to the method for the present invention for manufacturing lithium anode according to first embodiment.The party Method includes:

Step A- provides current arrester layer 4, and the conductor structure 2 for limiting open cavity is configured in lattice-shaped,

Active material of positive electrode 5 is arranged in the cavity 3 between conductor structure 2 by step B-, and

Step C- lithium conductive material 6 is coated with current arrester layer 4, which also optionally has storage special Property.

In this case, step A, which is optionally included through joint method and/or machining process, provides, manufactures And/or prepare conductor structure 2.Here typical joint method is welding, compacting, soldering and possible also binder adhesive. Here typical machining process is that the method that is stamped or cut out (by means of these methods, is made from metal foil or metal plate Cavity out) but it is also possible to be knitting, braiding or other method for arranging, (wire rod for wherein conducting electric current is made into required shape And arrangement) (referring to Fig. 5 to 8).

The step B of this method includes dipping method, and active material of positive electrode is arranged in conductor structure 2 using the dipping method Cavity 3 in.But active material of positive electrode can also be filled into cavity 3 by roller coating or brushing.

Figure 10 shows the second embodiment of lithium anode 1, and wherein active material of positive electrode is differently arranged.It is depicted herein Lithium anode 1 further include conductor structure 2, limit open cavity 3 and be current arrester layer 4 the basic element of character (referring to Figure 11).However, being different from the first embodiment, here, active material of positive electrode (silicon materials) 5 is as layer arrangement in conductor structure On surface, so that its coating conductor structure.Similar to first embodiment, the sky of coating 6 and conductor structure is equally provided here The filler 8 of chamber 3.Coating 6 and 8 is formed by lithium ion conductor materials, is particularly formed and (is seen above) by carbon material.Here Free cavity is provided, part expansion of the active material of positive electrode during insertion is allowed.Expansion can be for example in open cavity 3 Middle progress.But it can also be carried out in microcosmic existing free volume in filler 8 or in coating 6, the filler 8 It is respectively conductively connected with active material of positive electrode with coating 6.The clad type that conductor structure 2 carries out is coated with active material of positive electrode 5 Allow the especially anti-aging coupling with conductor structure.The volume change occurred during being embedded in deintercalation is due to completely coating Effect or the reduction compared with planar impermeable conductor structure are partially broken away from without will lead to any of conductor structure These effects.Those of suitable conductor geometries Fig. 3 above in conjunction to 8 description for these conductor structures phase Together.

For manufacturing the method for the lithium anode (referring to Figure 12) according to second embodiment the following steps are included:

Step A- provides current arrester layer, and the conductor structure 2 for limiting open cavity is configured in lattice-shaped,

Active material of positive electrode is arranged on the conductor structure by step B-, that is, and the clad type of each conductor section is coated with, With

Step C- is coated with current arrester layer with lithium conductive material.

Step A further includes providing, manufacture and preparing conductor knot above by joint method and/or machining process herein Structure.

The arrangement of active material of positive electrode 5 on conductor structure 2 includes physically and/or chemically process, particularly in Figure 13 Shown in process is deposited.Here, the arrangement of conductors structure 2 in the application chamber 20 that can be evacuated, the conductor structure 2 are fixed to loading Platform 21.In order to improve coating result, which can be arranged in room 20 removable or rotatable.Silicon materials 5 pass through The evaporation of heater 22 is simultaneously deposited on conductor structure 2 in the room being evacuated by vacuum pump 23.If desired, can by Apply voltage between active material of positive electrode and conductor structure to improve vapor deposition as a result, making the particle 24 of evaporation can be pointedly right The quasi- conductor structure.

Figure 14 shows the implementation for being suitable for carrying out lithium single battery the cathode assembly according to the present invention 100 of prelithiation The schematic diagram of example.Cathode assembly 100 includes the conductor structure 102 for being configured to lattice-shaped, and with mesh 103, mesh 103 is limited Determine the cavity of the opening in conductor structure.These form current arrester layer 104.Base is arranged in open cavity (mesh 3) In the material 105 of lithium.Current arrester layer 104 is equipped with coating 106 on two sides but at least on side.Conductor structure 102 is excellent Selection of land by aluminum material (such as nickel, gold, platinum, zirconium, titanium, tantalum, various steel and such as Monel (Monel) alloy, conductive harden Carbon, the conductive fibrous composite by polymer penetration) it is formed.

The structure and design of conductor structure 102 are similar to structure relevant to above-mentioned lithium anode 1 and design.14 He of alternate figures With the lattice structure of rectangular conductor cross section shown in 15, it can also be configured to correspond to Fig. 3 to change shown in fig. 8 Type.

Based on the material of lithium by the material containing lithium such as lithium nitrate, lithia, lithium nitride or even stabilized lithium powder shape At.It completely or partially fills the cavity limited by conductor structure and coating 106 (referring to Figure 15 a and 15b).

Coating 106 is formed by suitable active material of cathode comprising one of for example following material:

- LCO lithium and cobalt oxides (LiCoO₂)；

- NMC lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide [Li (NiCoMn) O₂]；

- NCA lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide [Li (NiCoAl) O₂]；

- LNMO high pressure spinelle (LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄)；

Cross the high pressure spinelle (Li that lithiumation LNMO crosses lithiumation_1+xNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄)；

- LFP LiFePO4 (LiFePO₄) and

- LMO lithium manganese oxide (LiMn₂O₄)。

The material 105 based on lithium in cavity 103 is used for the prelithiation of lithium anode, such as in first time, charging is followed with compensation The loss of lithium in ring at SEI layers of formation.In this case, a part of the material 105 based on lithium is consumed, and in sky Additional free volume is generated in chamber 103 (referring to Figure 15 b).However, based on the material of lithium from the degradation (reduction) in cavity no It will lead to the volume change of cathode assembly entirety.This means that the cathode assembly that is correspondingly formed or being correspondingly provided with this cathode sets The volume of the lithium battery of part does not change.

Manufacturing method, which is similar to, combines the method for manufacturing lithium anode of Fig. 9 description to carry out.

It the following steps are included:

Step A- provides current arrester layer, and the conductor structure for limiting open cavity is configured in lattice-shaped,

Material based on lithium is arranged in the cavity between the conductor structure by step B-, and

Step C- is coated with the current arrester layer with active material of cathode.

As described in the first embodiment in conjunction with lithium anode, provide current arrester layer equally and include by it is mentioned that connect Conjunction method or machining process manufacture and preparation conductor structure.

Material arrangement based on lithium can equally be completed in the cavities by dipping, roller coating or brushing method.Conductor structure 102 coated on both sides to combine cathode assembly lithium anode corresponding with two to form lithium single battery.

Lithium single battery

Figure 16 shows multilayer lithium ion single battery 200, in a manner of multilayer by formed as lithium anode first Electrode 201 and the second electrode 202 formed as cathode assembly are constituted.The electrode is separated from each other accordingly by partition 203, And (not shown) is jointly passed through by solid or liquid electrolyte material for lithium ion transport.First electrode 201 includes Current arrester layer 4 and second electrode include current arrester layer 104.

The current arrester layer 4 of first electrode 201 includes conductor structure 2, is described in detail above, and its net Hole 3 is filled with silicon materials as active material of positive electrode 5.Current arrester layer 4 is equipped with coating 6 on two sides, and the coating 6 is by above-mentioned Lithium ion conductor materials, particularly carbon is formed.

The cavity 103 of current arrester layer 104 or the conductor structure 102 of second electrode 202 are filled with the material based on lithium 105, composition provides relatedly with above-mentioned cathode assembly 100.

Lithium ion single battery 200 shown in Figure 16 includes two first electrodes (lithium anode) 201 and three second electricity Pole (cathode assembly) 202, is respectively alternately arranged.It is closed with covering 204 outer surface.The function of this lithium ion single battery It can be known per se.

However, there is the specific particularity of following present invention.In first time charging cycle, in mesh 103 based on lithium Material 105 for providing additional lithium, anode active material particles 5 and coating 6 and not are bound to during SEI is formed It can be used for actual single battery circulation again.Thus capacitance loss can be restricted or prevented.Meanwhile this lithium substitution is by mesh 103 It is completed in such a way that volume is neutral, geometry will not change in this process.This means that this lithium ion single battery 100 geometry and particularly thickness will not change in this process.

This is equally applicable to the process in lithium ion insertion active material of positive electrode 5, which occurs in first electrode (lithium sun Pole) 201 mesh 3 in.As detailed above, free volume, compensates the volume occurred during insertion there be Increase.The process also carries out in such a way that volume is neutral on the whole, to can provide geometrical stability, particularly volume stability Lithium ion single battery 200.

Figure 17 shows a kind of alternative constructions, and wherein first electrode 201 has the lithium anode according to above-mentioned second embodiment. Here, active material of positive electrode 5 is not disposed in mesh 3, that is to say, that is not disposed at the cavity of the opening of conductor structure 2 In, but as the layer of coating conductor structure 5, into the layer 5 during insertion equally in such a way that basic upper volume is neutral It is inserted into lithium ion.

Mesh 3 is herein filled with the identical material for forming coating 6, that is, for lithium ion conveying, particularly carbon containing Material.

It in other embodiments, can embodiment shown in constitutional diagram 17 and 16.Therefore, it is possible to provide be coated with anode The conductor structure 2 of active material 5 and its hollow cavity (mesh 3) are filled with the conductor structure of electrode active material 5.

In the method (according to the process of Figure 12) of manufacture lithium ion single battery 200, the first and second electrodes 201；202 It provides and assembles in stepb in step.Optionally, in step C, first electrode 201 can be by second electrode 202 Material (105) prelithiation based on lithium.

Particularly, the lithium anode having the following properties that can also be provided:

For lithium single battery (200) and/or the lithium anode (1) of lithium battery (200), comprising:

Current arrester layer (4),

Active material of positive electrode (5) and

Coating (6), wherein

Current arrester layer (4) is configured with the conductor structure (2) for limiting open cavity (3), anode in lattice-shaped Active material (5) as layer arrangement on the surface of conductor structure (2) and coating (6) covering current arrester layer (4) and because This covering active material of positive electrode (5), and filler is set as filling cavity (3), with active material of positive electrode (5) and coating (6) Coupling.

According to claim 1, the lithium anode (1) to one of 5 makes wherein the filler is arranged in the conductor structure Formation free volume (7) and/or coating (6) between active material of positive electrode (5) and the filler is obtained to be built into electric current and put On electric appliance layer (4) and the filler, so that forming free volume (7) between active material of positive electrode (5) and coating (6).

The method and step below for being used to prepare lithium anode can also be carried out:

The method for being used to prepare lithium anode (1), comprising:

It provides current arrester layer (4), the conductor structure for limiting open cavity (3) is configured in lattice-shaped (2)；

Active material of positive electrode (5) is arranged on conductor structure (2)；

With lithium conductive material coating current arrester layer (4).

By active material of positive electrode (5) be arranged in the method on conductor structure (2) include physically or chemically or electrochemical process, Particularly the hot evaporation process in vacuum evaporation system (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or material by corresponding precursor compound Expect the electrochemical deposition in the dipping bath with siliceous electrolyte for being designed to Jia Fanni battery (or being voltaic cell) (plating, fusion electrolysis).

In principal it is also possible to use following methods:

Thermal evaporation (is also referred to as deposited)

Electron beam evaporation (English electron beam evaporation)

(English pulsed laser deposition, pulsed laser ablation) is deposited in laser beam: atom It is evaporated with ion by the intense laser pulse of short time.

Arc evaporation (English arc evaporation, Arc-PVD): by during electric discharge (such as in flash distillation) In The heavy current flowed between two electrodes discharges atom and ion from starting material, and is transferred in gas phase.

Molecular beam epitaxy (English molecular beam epitaxy)

Sputtering (sputtering sedimentation, cathode atomization): starting material is atomized by ion bombardment and is transferred in gas phase.

Ion beam assisted depositing (English ion beam assisted deposition, IBA)

Ion plating

ICB technology (ionization cluster beam deposition)

Reference signs list

1 lithium anode

2 conductor structures

2 ' conductor sections

2a metal lath

2b metal foil

2c braiding structure

2d wire rod

2d nonwoven fabric construct (means woven felt)

2e braiding structure

3 mesh (open cavity)

4 current arrester layers

5 active material of positive electrode (silicon materials)

6 coatings

7 free volumes

8 fillers

Room 20

21 objective tables

22 heaters

23 vacuum pumps

24 silicon particles (vapor deposition)

100 cathode assemblies

102 conductor structures

103 mesh (open cavity)

104 current arrester layers

105 materials based on lithium

106 coatings

107 free volumes

200 lithium ion single batteries

201 first electrodes

202 second electrodes

203 partitions

204 coverings