阅读说明：本技术 3d打印定位辅助装置、3d打印产品定位方法和加工方法 (3D printing positioning auxiliary device, 3D printing product positioning method and machining method ) 是由 蹤雪梅 薄夫祥 何冰 祝毅 于 2021-09-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种3D打印定位辅助装置、3D打印产品定位方法和加工方法,其中,3D打印定位辅助装置包括辅助件,所述辅助件和3D打印产品一体打印成型,所述辅助件包括便于装夹的装夹部。本发明通过在3D打印产品上一体成型辅助件,使得3D打印产品可以通过辅助件进行装夹和定位,即使3D打印产品的表面不规则,也可以通过辅助件实现装夹和定位,解决了相关技术中因3D打印产品的表面不规则而无法定位和装夹的问题。(The invention relates to a 3D printing positioning auxiliary device, a 3D printing product positioning method and a processing method, wherein the 3D printing positioning auxiliary device comprises an auxiliary piece, the auxiliary piece and a 3D printing product are integrally printed and formed, and the auxiliary piece comprises a clamping part convenient for clamping. According to the invention, the auxiliary piece is integrally formed on the 3D printed product, so that the 3D printed product can be clamped and positioned through the auxiliary piece, even if the surface of the 3D printed product is irregular, the clamping and the positioning can be realized through the auxiliary piece, and the problem that the positioning and the clamping cannot be realized due to the irregular surface of the 3D printed product in the related technology is solved.)

1. The utility model provides a 3D prints location auxiliary device, its characterized in that, includes the auxiliary member, auxiliary member and 3D print product an organic whole and print the shaping, the auxiliary member is including the clamping portion of the clamping of being convenient for.

2. The 3D printing positioning aid of claim 1, wherein the clamping portion includes a clamping plane.

3. 3D printing positioning aid according to claim 2, characterized in that the aid comprises a first aid (1) and a second aid (2), the first aid (1) comprising a first plane and the second aid (2) comprising a second plane, the first and second planes being coplanar and constituting the clamping plane.

4. The 3D printing positioning aid of claim 1, wherein the aid extends from an outer surface of the 3D printed product in a direction away from the 3D printed product.

5. The 3D printing positioning auxiliary device according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary device comprises at least three auxiliary members disposed on at least one side of the 3D printed product, the at least three auxiliary members are uniformly disposed on the side where the at least three auxiliary members are disposed, and end surfaces of the at least three auxiliary members, which are far away from the 3D printed product, are coplanar.

6. The 3D printing positioning aid of claim 1, wherein the aid comprises a hollow cylinder, an end face of the cylinder comprising a flat surface.

7. The 3D printing positioning aid of claim 1, wherein the aid is molded to a side of the 3D printed product, and the aid is configured to be self-supporting to omit a support for supporting the aid during printing.

8. The 3D printing positioning aid of claim 7, wherein the aid includes a portion having an inverted cone-shaped cross section.

9. The 3D printing positioning aid of claim 1, wherein the aid is molded to a bottom surface of the 3D printed product.

10. A3D printed product positioning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

when a 3D printed product is printed, an auxiliary piece which is integrally formed with the 3D printed product is printed, wherein the auxiliary piece comprises a clamping part convenient for clamping; and

and clamping the clamping part by using a clamping tool to realize the positioning of the 3D printed product.

11. A3D printed product processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

selecting a first end face to be processed of the 3D printed product as a first reference plane (21), selecting at least two measuring points located on the 3D printed product, and measuring the distance between each measuring point and the first reference plane (21); and

and determining the machining amount of the first reference surface (21) according to the difference between the actual distance and the theoretical distance between each measured point and the first reference surface (21).

12. The 3D printed product processing method according to claim 11, further comprising, before selecting the first reference plane (21):

when printing 3D and printing the product, print with 3D prints product integrated into one piece's auxiliary member, the auxiliary member is including the clamping portion of the clamping of being convenient for, at least two at least one in the measuring point is located the auxiliary member.

13. The 3D printed product processing method according to claim 12, wherein the operation of determining the processing amount of the first reference plane (21) based on the difference between the measured actual distance and the theoretical distance between each of the measurement points and the first reference plane (21) comprises:

calculating a difference between an actual distance and a theoretical distance between each of the measured points and the first reference plane (21);

analyzing the difference value corresponding to each measuring point to determine whether to reserve the measuring data corresponding to the measuring point;

the machining amount required for machining the first reference surface (21) is determined from the retained measurement data.

14. The 3D printed product processing method according to claim 13, wherein the operation of determining whether to retain the measurement data corresponding to the measurement point comprises:

if the calculated difference is smaller than or equal to a preset difference, retaining the measurement data corresponding to the difference;

if the calculated difference is larger than the preset difference, determining whether the measuring point corresponding to the difference is located in the auxiliary part;

if so, removing the measurement data of the measurement points which are greater than the preset difference value;

and if not, repairing the 3D printed product.

15. The 3D printed product processing method according to claim 13, wherein the operation of determining the amount of processing required to process the first reference surface (21) from the retained measurement data comprises:

calculating an average of each of the differences in the retained measurement data;

and determining the actual machining amount required for machining the first reference surface (21) according to the average and the theoretical machining amount of the first reference surface (21).

16. The 3D printed product processing method according to claim 11, further comprising, before measuring the distance between each of the measurement points and the first reference plane (21):

-measuring the flatness of the first reference surface (21);

comparing the measured actual flatness of the first reference surface (21) with a preset flatness;

if the actual flatness is less than or equal to the preset flatness, the step of measuring the distance between each measuring point and the first reference surface (21) is carried out;

and if the actual flatness is larger than the preset flatness, repairing the 3D printed product.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a 3D printing positioning auxiliary device, a 3D printing product positioning method and a processing method.

Background

The SLM (Selective Laser Melting) process is a metal 3D printing technology and is a digital manufacturing technology for material (layered) stacking forming based on three-dimensional model data, and compared with the traditional material reduction and equal material manufacturing, the metal 3D printing technology can directly realize direct manufacturing of parts with complex structures without a die and a tool, and free manufacturing is realized to a great extent. And a novel manufacturing technical means is provided for the development of a hydraulic technology by combining with an additive innovative design.

The hydraulic valve is used as a control element of a hydraulic system, plays a role in controlling and adjusting the pressure, flow and direction of oil liquid, and is the most important core part of engineering machinery. The traditional hydraulic valve is mainly processed by drilling on a forging blank and a casting blank, and the specific processing method comprises the following steps: the valve body is machined by adopting a traditional forging blank, a fine reference surface is formed after milling, then cross drilling is carried out according to the reference surface to form an internal oil duct, and finally port plug-in holes and oil ports are machined.

The traditional machining valve body is regular in shape, the clamping is convenient during machining, and a special tool clamp is not required to be customized. However, the valve body manufactured by adopting the metal 3D printing mode is a near-net blank which is close to the shape of a final part, and only a port part needs to be processed, but after the appearance of the valve body is subjected to additive innovative design, the valve body is light in weight, so that the structure is complex, a large number of special-shaped curved surface structures exist, the shape is extremely irregular, great difficulty is caused to mechanical processing clamping and processing positioning, a general tool clamp is not completely applicable, a special tool clamp needs to be customized, the application cost of metal 3D printing is increased, the change of the design is very unfavorable, and the application value of the metal 3D printing is weakened; in addition, even if the tool clamp special for machining the additive manufacturing valve body is customized, the valve body is inevitably deformed in the metal 3D printing process, so that errors are generated on a curved surface matched with the clamp, the positioning accuracy cannot be well guaranteed, and errors are generated in machining of the metal 3D printing valve body.

At present, aiming at the positioning and processing of a metal 3D printing hydraulic valve body with an additive innovative design, a traditional valve body processing method is adopted in the industry, and the schemes provided for the processing of parts with different structural forms need to process special tooling and clamps for machining, the tooling and clamps can be suitable for the processing and positioning of batch parts, but are not suitable for the processing and positioning of additive manufacturing valve bodies with multiple models and small batches, and the valve body positioning and processing method has the characteristics of special use and poor universality, not only increases the application cost of the metal 3D printing technology, but also limits the freedom degree of the additive innovative design, and can not solve the positioning and processing problems of the hydraulic valve body with the additive innovative design and the manufacturing with low cost and high efficiency.

It is noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a 3D printing positioning auxiliary device, a 3D printing product positioning method and a 3D printing product processing method, and solves the problem that a 3D printing product cannot be positioned and clamped due to irregular surface in the related technology.

According to a first aspect of the invention, a 3D printing positioning auxiliary device is provided, which comprises an auxiliary piece, wherein the auxiliary piece and a 3D printing product are integrally printed and molded, and the auxiliary piece comprises a clamping part convenient for clamping.

In some embodiments, the clamping portion comprises a clamping plane.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary member includes a first auxiliary member including a first flat surface and a second auxiliary member including a second flat surface, the first flat surface and the second flat surface being coplanar and forming a clamping plane.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary extends from an outer surface of the 3D printed product in a direction away from the 3D printed product.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary device includes at least three auxiliary members disposed on at least one side of the 3D printed product, the at least three auxiliary members are uniformly arranged on the side where the at least three auxiliary members are located, and end surfaces of the at least three auxiliary members, which are far away from the 3D printed product, are coplanar.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary element comprises a hollow cylinder, the end face of the cylinder comprising a flat surface.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary is molded at a side of the 3D printed product, and the auxiliary is configured to be capable of realizing a self-supporting shape to omit a support for supporting the auxiliary during printing.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary element comprises a portion with an inverted cone-shaped cross-section.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary piece is molded to the bottom surface of the 3D printed product.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a 3D printed product positioning method, comprising:

when a 3D printed product is printed, an auxiliary piece which is integrally formed with the 3D printed product is printed, wherein the auxiliary piece comprises a clamping part convenient for clamping; and

clamping parts are clamped by using a clamping tool so as to realize the positioning of the 3D printed product.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a 3D printed product processing method, comprising:

selecting a first end face to be processed of a 3D printed product as a first reference face, selecting at least two measuring points positioned on the 3D printed product, and measuring the distance between each measuring point and the first reference face; and

and determining the machining amount of the first reference surface to be machined according to the difference between the actual distance and the theoretical distance between each measured point and the first reference surface.

In some embodiments, prior to selecting the first datum, the 3D printed product processing method further comprises:

when printing 3D and printing the product, print and 3D and print product integrated into one piece's auxiliary member, the auxiliary member is located the auxiliary member including the clamping portion of the clamping of being convenient for, at least one in two at least measuring points.

In some embodiments, the operation of determining the machining amount for the first reference surface based on the difference between the measured actual distance and the theoretical distance between each of the measurement points and the first reference surface includes:

calculating the difference between the actual distance and the theoretical distance between each measured point and the first reference surface;

analyzing the difference value corresponding to each measuring point to determine whether to reserve the measuring data corresponding to the measuring point;

and determining the machining amount of the first reference surface according to the reserved measurement data.

In some embodiments, the operation of determining whether to retain measurement data corresponding to the measurement point comprises:

if the calculated difference is smaller than or equal to the preset difference, retaining the measurement data corresponding to the difference;

if the calculated difference is larger than the preset difference, determining whether the measuring point corresponding to the difference is positioned in the auxiliary piece;

if so, removing the measurement data of the measurement points larger than the preset difference value;

and if not, repairing the 3D printed product.

In some embodiments, the operation of determining from the retained measurement data an amount of machining required to machine the first datum surface comprises:

calculating an average of the individual differences in the retained measurement data;

and determining the actual machining amount of the first reference surface according to the average and the theoretical machining amount of the first reference surface.

In some embodiments, before measuring the distance between each measurement point and the first reference plane, the method further comprises:

measuring the flatness of the first reference surface;

comparing the measured actual flatness of the first reference surface with the preset flatness;

if the actual flatness is less than or equal to the preset flatness, the step of measuring the distance between each measuring point and the first reference surface is carried out;

and if the actual flatness is larger than the preset flatness, repairing the 3D printed product.

Based on the technical scheme, in the embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary piece is connected to the 3D printed product printed by the 3D printing technology, the auxiliary piece and the 3D printed product are printed together by 3D printing to be formed, the auxiliary piece and the 3D printed product are integrally formed, and the auxiliary piece comprises the clamping part convenient for clamping.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a 3D printing positioning assisting apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a left side view of an embodiment of the 3D printing positioning assistance device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a first measurement schematic diagram of an embodiment of the 3D printing positioning assistance device according to the invention.

Fig. 4 is a second measurement schematic diagram of an embodiment of the 3D printing positioning assistance device according to the invention.

Fig. 5 is a third measurement schematic diagram of an embodiment of the 3D printing positioning assistance device according to the invention.

Fig. 6 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a 3D printed product processing method according to the present invention.

In the figure:

1. a first auxiliary member; 2. a second auxiliary member; 3. a third auxiliary member; 4. a fourth auxiliary member; 5. a fifth auxiliary member; 6. a sixth auxiliary member; 7. a seventh auxiliary member; 8. an eighth auxiliary member; 9. a ninth auxiliary member; 10. a tenth auxiliary member; 11. an eleventh auxiliary member; 12. a twelfth auxiliary member; 21. a first reference plane; 22. a second reference plane; 23. a third reference plane; 24. a fourth reference plane; 25. a fifth reference plane; 26. a sixth reference plane; A. a first side surface; B. a second side surface; C. a third side; D. a fourth side; E. a fifth side surface; F. a sixth side.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "lateral," "longitudinal," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the scope of the invention.

In some embodiments of the 3D printing positioning assisting device provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the assisting device includes an assisting part, the assisting part and the 3D printed product are integrally printed and formed, and the assisting part includes a clamping portion for facilitating clamping. The 3D printing product is a product printed by a 3D printing technology.

In the embodiment, the auxiliary piece is connected to the 3D printed product printed by the 3D printing technology, the auxiliary piece and the 3D printed product are printed together by the 3D printing technology to be formed, the auxiliary piece and the 3D printed product are integrally formed, and the auxiliary piece comprises the clamping part convenient for clamping.

Through the auxiliary member, can realize the clamping and the location to 3D printed product, guarantee the stability of course of working to effectively improve the machining precision.

When the printing procedure of product is printed in design 3D, through the printing procedure that increases the auxiliary member, can realize that auxiliary member and 3D print product integrative printing shaping, consequently need not make the auxiliary member alone, and realizability is strong, and the increase of auxiliary member also can not bring too big influence for the product shaping.

In addition, the embodiment of the invention realizes clamping and positioning by arranging the auxiliary piece on the 3D printed product, the structure of the auxiliary piece can be set to be a structure matched with the existing clamping tool, and the auxiliary piece with the same or similar structure can be arranged no matter what the structure of the 3D printed product is, so that the auxiliary piece is adapted to the existing clamping tool, and a special clamping tool does not need to be customized for different 3D printed products as in the related art, thereby greatly saving the processing cost.

In some embodiments, the clamping portion comprises a clamping plane. Through setting up the clamping plane, clamping portion and clamping instrument of being convenient for cooperate, can the clamping instrument of adaptation majority, improve the commonality.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary device comprises a first auxiliary element 1 and a second auxiliary element 2, the first auxiliary element 1 comprises a first plane, the second auxiliary element 2 comprises a second plane, and the first plane and the second plane are coplanar and form a clamping plane. Through setting up two at least auxiliary members, can increase the planar area of clamping, improve the planar support performance of clamping, improve stability.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary extends from an outer surface of the 3D printed product in a direction away from the 3D printed product. Set up the auxiliary member in the surface that 3D printed the product, can avoid the auxiliary member to cause the influence to the inner structure that 3D printed the product, also be convenient for cut the auxiliary member from 3D printed the product after processing finishes, reduce the structural influence to 3D printed the product.

In some embodiments, the accessory device comprises at least three accessories disposed on at least one side of the 3D printed product. Through setting up three at least auxiliary members, can further improve the stability of clamping and location, guarantee positioning accuracy.

At least three auxiliary elements can be arranged uniformly on the side on which they are located in order to achieve uniform support and positioning. The end faces, far away from the 3D printed product, of the at least three auxiliary parts are coplanar, so that the three auxiliary parts can be conveniently matched with a clamping tool, and clamping and positioning of the 3D printed product are achieved.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary element comprises a hollow cylinder, the end face of the cylinder comprising a flat surface.

The auxiliary member is provided with a hollow column structure, so that the weight of the auxiliary member can be reduced. And after the completion is printed the processing of product to 3D, the auxiliary member need be cut off, sets up the auxiliary member into hollow structure, can also reduce the consumptive material, practices thrift the cost.

The terminal surface of cylinder includes the plane, is convenient for and clamping instrument cooperation, realizes the clamping and the location to 3D printing product.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary is molded at a side of the 3D printed product, and the auxiliary is configured to be capable of realizing a self-supporting shape to omit a support for supporting the auxiliary during printing.

In the process of printing 3D and printing the product, generally print from bottom to top, print the bottom of product earlier promptly, then the successive layer is the accumulation that makes progress, need lay one deck powder material earlier before every layer is printed in addition, if the middle fretwork part that appears of product, when up printing again, need set up support piece at the fretwork part to support the powder material who lays through support piece. In the embodiment of the invention, since the auxiliary member is arranged at the side of the 3D printed product, in the case that the auxiliary member is not molded from the bottom, by configuring the auxiliary member into a shape capable of realizing self-support, a support member required to be arranged below the auxiliary member can be omitted when the auxiliary member is printed, thereby reducing material waste and saving printing cost.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary element comprises a portion with an inverted cone-shaped cross-section. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cross-sectional bottom of the 4 auxiliary members disposed on the third side surface C is formed in an inverted cone shape, like a water drop shape, and the cross-sectional area of the portion is gradually increased from bottom to top. The structure can realize self-supporting without arranging a special supporting piece, and can effectively reduce the printing cost.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary piece is molded to the bottom surface of the 3D printed product. The auxiliary piece arranged on the bottom surface can serve as a supporting base of the whole 3D printing product, and the 3D printing product is supported. The auxiliary piece in the embodiment of the invention integrates the functions of clamping, positioning and supporting, and has the functions of clamping, positioning and supporting.

In addition, the auxiliary part arranged on the bottom surface can also have the function of enabling the 3D printed product to realize local heat dissipation, so that the heat dissipation speed of the 3D printed product is increased, and the forming speed is further increased.

The invention also provides a 3D printing product positioning method, which comprises the following steps:

when a 3D printed product is printed, an auxiliary piece which is integrally formed with the 3D printed product is printed, wherein the auxiliary piece comprises a clamping part convenient for clamping; and

clamping parts are clamped by using a clamping tool so as to realize the positioning of the 3D printed product.

According to the embodiment of the 3D printing product positioning method, the auxiliary piece is integrally printed on the 3D printing product, so that even if the 3D printing product is irregular in shape and is difficult to match with a clamping tool, the auxiliary piece can be used for clamping and positioning the 3D printing product, the stability of the machining process is improved, and the machining precision is ensured.

The invention also provides a 3D printing product processing method, which comprises the following steps:

selecting a first end face to be processed of a 3D printed product as a first reference plane 21, selecting at least two measuring points positioned on the 3D printed product, and measuring the distance between each measuring point and the first reference plane 21; and

the machining amount required to machine the first reference surface 21 is determined based on the difference between the actual distance and the theoretical distance between each measured point and the first reference surface 21.

After the blank of 3D printed product is printed out, the traditional mode of further processing the blank of 3D printed product is: and taking the surface to be machined as an initial rough machining reference surface, and then directly performing finish machining, wherein the machining allowance is preset during printing. However, since the 3D printer also has a certain error in printing, and the blank printed is not necessarily the intended size, if the blank is processed in accordance with the preset allowance, a processing error may occur. For example, the blank is provided with a mounting hole, when the blank is internally provided with a pore channel, if an error occurs in the end face machining of the mounting hole, the deviation also occurs in the internal pore channel, and finally, the part can not be used and can only be discarded as a waste part.

In the embodiment of the invention, the actual machining allowance of the surface to be machined can be determined by selecting the measuring points on the 3D printed product and measuring the distance between the measuring points and the reference surface and the difference between the actual distance and the theoretical distance, so that the surface to be machined is machined according to the actual machining allowance, the internal structure of the 3D printed product is prevented from being misplaced due to the machining error of the reference surface, the machining precision is effectively improved, and the waste rate is reduced.

In some embodiments, before selecting the first reference plane 21, the 3D printed product processing method further includes:

when printing 3D and printing the product, print and 3D and print product integrated into one piece's auxiliary member, the auxiliary member is located the auxiliary member including the clamping portion of the clamping of being convenient for, at least one in two at least measuring points.

In above-mentioned embodiment, through printing the shaping auxiliary member on 3D prints the product integratively, even the shape that 3D printed the product is irregular, hardly with the clamping instrument cooperation, also can realize the clamping and the location to 3D printed the product through the auxiliary member, improve the stability of course of working, guarantee the machining precision.

Moreover, the auxiliary part has the functions of conveniently clamping and positioning the 3D printed product, and can assist in determining the machining amount of the first reference surface on the 3D printed product in the process of machining the 3D printed product, so that the auxiliary function of the machining process of the 3D printed product is realized.

By measuring the actual distance between each measuring point and the first reference surface 21 and comparing it with a theoretical value, a reference can be provided for the amount of machining of the first reference surface 21.

In addition to the auxiliary elements, the measuring points can also be selected at points located at other holes or planes, etc., which points should have a well-defined theoretical distance from the first reference plane 21 in order to provide alignment conditions.

In some embodiments, the operation of determining the machining amount for the first reference surface 21 based on the difference between the actual distance and the theoretical distance between each measured point and the first reference surface 21 includes:

calculating a difference between an actual distance and a theoretical distance between each measured point and the first reference surface 21;

analyzing the difference value corresponding to each measuring point to determine whether to reserve the measuring data corresponding to the measuring point;

the machining amount required to machine the first reference surface 21 is determined from the retained measurement data.

In some embodiments, the operation of determining whether to retain measurement data corresponding to the measurement point comprises:

if the calculated difference is smaller than or equal to the preset difference, retaining the measurement data corresponding to the difference;

if the calculated difference is larger than the preset difference, determining whether the measuring point corresponding to the difference is positioned in the auxiliary piece;

if so, removing the measurement data of the measurement points larger than the preset difference value;

and if not, repairing the 3D printed product.

In some embodiments, the operation of determining the machining amount required to machine the first reference surface 21 from the retained measurement data includes:

calculating an average of the individual differences in the retained measurement data;

the actual machining amount required to machine the first reference surface 21 is determined from the average and the theoretical machining amount of the first reference surface 21.

In some embodiments, before measuring the distance between each measurement point and the first reference plane 21, the 3D printed product processing method further includes:

measuring the flatness of the first reference surface 21;

comparing the measured actual flatness of the first reference surface 21 with the preset flatness;

if the actual flatness is less than or equal to the preset flatness, the step of measuring the distance between each measuring point and the first reference surface 21 is performed;

and if the actual flatness is larger than the preset flatness, repairing the 3D printed product.

The operation of one embodiment of the method for processing a 3D printed product according to the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6:

as shown in fig. 1, the 3D printed product is a hydraulic valve body including 6 mounting holes, and end surfaces of the 6 mounting holes are a first reference surface 21, a second reference surface 22, a third reference surface 23, a fourth reference surface 24, a fifth reference surface 25, and a sixth reference surface 26, respectively. An internal flow passage is also arranged in the valve body. The valve body is substantially hexahedral and includes a first side a, a second side B, a third side C, a fourth side D, a fifth side E, and a sixth side F. The first side a is opposite to the second side B, the third side C is opposite to the sixth side F, and the fourth side D is opposite to the fifth side E.

Taking the direction shown in the figure of fig. 1 as a reference direction, the first side surface a and the second side surface B are respectively located at the front side and the rear side of the valve body, the third side surface C and the sixth side surface F are respectively located at the left side and the right side of the valve body, and the fourth side surface D and the fifth side surface E are respectively located at the bottom surface and the top surface of the valve body.

The terminal surface of 6 mounting holes all is located first side A. The third side surface C is provided with 4 auxiliary members, namely a fifth auxiliary member 5, a sixth auxiliary member 6, a seventh auxiliary member 7 and an eighth auxiliary member 8. The fourth side D is provided with 4 auxiliary members, namely a first auxiliary member 1, a second auxiliary member 2, a third auxiliary member 3 and a fourth auxiliary member 4, and the fifth side E is provided with 4 auxiliary members, namely a ninth auxiliary member 9, a tenth auxiliary member 10, an eleventh auxiliary member 11 and a twelfth auxiliary member 12.

On the valve body, except that the first side surface A and the second side surface B are regular planes, other side surfaces (namely the third side surface C, the fourth side surface D, the fifth side surface E and the sixth side surface F) are irregular curved surfaces, and the conventional clamp cannot directly clamp the irregular curved surfaces, so that the instability in the machining process is easily caused and the machining precision is influenced if the conventional clamp is not used for clamping.

Through set up the auxiliary member on irregular curved surface, the auxiliary member can realize clamping and location to irregular curved surface including the clamping portion of the clamping of being convenient for, overcomes the problem because of the unable clamping of irregular, improves the stability in the course of working, and then improves the machining precision.

As shown in fig. 2, four auxiliary members on the third side surface C are respectively located at four corners of the side surface. The cross-sectional shapes of the fifth auxiliary 5, the sixth auxiliary 6, the seventh auxiliary 7, and the eighth auxiliary 8 provided on the third side surface C in the direction parallel to the third side surface C are all inverted cones, the bottom of the cross-sectional shape is relatively sharp, the cross-sectional area gradually increases from bottom to top, and the upper portion of the cross-sectional shape is an arc shape. The 4 auxiliary parts arranged on the third side surface C can be used for clamping and positioning, and can also be used as a self-supporting structure so as to support the upper structure in the printing process, reduce the supporting amount in the printing process, improve the printing efficiency and reduce the manufacturing cost. The auxiliary piece arranged on the bottom surface (the fourth side surface D) can be used as a base besides being used for clamping and positioning, so that the whole valve body structure can be supported, and a supporting base is not required to be specially arranged for the valve body. The auxiliary member on the bottom surface can also play a role in heat dissipation.

Each auxiliary part can be arranged to be a hollow cylinder structure, the diameter of the outer cylinder is 10mm-15mm, and the wall thickness is 3mm-5 mm. The hollow structure can reduce printing materials and time and reduce manufacturing cost.

After the machining is finished, a user can determine whether to remove the auxiliary structure according to requirements, the auxiliary structure can be removed through simple cutting, local polishing and sand blasting treatment are needed after the auxiliary structure is removed, and the attractiveness of the surface of a part is guaranteed.

After the blank of the valve body is printed out, the traditional mode of further processing the blank is as follows: use first side A as initial rough machining reference surface, then carry out the finish machining to the mounting hole, can know according to the printing error of preceding analysis, adopt traditional processing mode, probably lead to inside oil duct position to produce dislocation and deviation because of the error of reference surface, finally lead to valve body processing back can not normal use. In the embodiment of the invention, the valve body is provided with the auxiliary part, the actual machining allowance of the surface to be machined can be determined by measuring and calculating the distance between the auxiliary part and the measuring point at other positions and the reference surface and comparing and calculating the theoretical distance, so that the surface to be machined is machined according to the actual machining allowance, the internal oil passage is prevented from being misplaced due to the machining error of the reference surface, the machining precision is improved, and the bad part rate is reduced.

Referring to fig. 6, in one embodiment, the specific operations of the metal 3D printed product include:

1. structural analysis: analyzing the structure of the valve body subjected to metal 3D printing, and determining the position of a mounting hole for mounting a plug-in and the position of an oil port communicated with the mounting hole;

2. measuring the position of the mounting hole: measuring the mounting hole to be processed by using a three-coordinate measuring machine, and acquiring the center coordinate of the mounting hole to be processed so as to match the subsequently calculated processing amount to the corresponding mounting hole;

3. measuring the end face of the mounting hole: measuring the surface characteristics of the local end surface of the mounting hole to be processed by using a three-coordinate measuring machine, wherein the flatness deviation of the local end surface is required to be less than or equal to 0.15 mm;

4. the mounting hole end face is measured with the following typical characteristics: the end face of the mounting hole to be machined is taken as the top face, the following typical characteristics of the end face of the mounting hole to be machined are analyzed, and the typical characteristics mainly comprise: measuring the characteristics of a circular hole, a plane, an auxiliary part and the like by using a three-coordinate measuring machine, and storing test data;

5. distance measurement: respectively measuring the distances between the measured typical characteristics of the round holes, the planes, the auxiliary pieces and the like and the end faces of the mounting holes to be processed, classifying and numbering the measurement results as d1, d2 and … dn, wherein the total number of the measurement sizes is not less than 8;

6. manufacturing deviation calculation: and (3) calculating the deviation between the actual measured distance Di and the theoretical distance Di during design, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:

Δd_i＝d_i-D_i

7. manufacturing deviation analysis: will calculate the obtained Δ d_iAnd (3) carrying out comparative analysis with a preset difference value:

if Δ d_iIf the difference is less than or equal to the preset difference, carrying out the next average deviation calculation;

if Δ d_iIf the difference value is larger than the preset difference value, further confirming whether the corresponding measuring point is positioned on the auxiliary piece, if the corresponding measuring point is not positioned on the auxiliary piece, the 3D printed product needs to be repaired, measuring according to the step 1 again after the repair, and if the repair cannot be carried out, scrapping; if the corresponding measuring point is indeed located on the auxiliary element, the deviation Δ d is used_iAfter the removal, carrying out the next average deviation calculation;

8. calculating the average deviation: the difference values deltad obtained and retained by the calculation_iThe average is performed, and the calculation formula is as follows:

deleting the data of the remaining S measuring points after the data corresponding to the actual difference value exceeds the preset difference value;

total deviation:

calculating the effective deviation:

Δd_y＝Δd_s/s

9. determining the machining allowance of the end face of the mounting hole:

final actual machining allowance M_sFor the theoretical machining allowance delta D of the end face of the mounting hole in design_yWith mounting hole end face calculated in step 8Mean deviation Δ d_yThe difference between:

M_s＝ΔD_y-Δd_y

10. and (4) processing the mounting hole by using the actual processing allowance obtained by the calculation in the step 9 according to the part design drawing and the center coordinate of the mounting hole measured in the step 1. The actual machining allowance obtained by calculation may be a thickness required to cut off the end face of the mounting hole.

The actual machining allowances of other mounting holes can also be calculated by adopting the method, and optionally, after the actual machining allowances of all the mounting holes are calculated, the actual machining allowances are machined one by one in a unified manner.

The following describes specific operations of the 3D printed product processing method according to the present invention with reference to specific embodiments:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the 3D printed product is a hydraulic valve body, the mounting surface of the valve body for mounting the plug-in is a first side surface a, and the end surface of the first mounting hole is a first reference surface 21.

According to the step 1, the valve body is analyzed to comprise 6 mounting holes, the mounting surface of the 6 mounting holes is a first side surface A, 4 auxiliary pieces are arranged on a third side surface C, 4 auxiliary pieces and two oil ports are arranged on a fourth side surface D, and two oil ports are arranged on a sixth side surface F.

Measuring the center coordinate of the first mounting hole by using a three-coordinate measuring machine according to the step 2;

according to the step 3, measuring the error between the actual flatness and the preset flatness of the first side surface A to be 0.125mm, meeting the condition that the error is less than or equal to 0.15mm, and continuing to perform the next step;

according to the step 4-5, the distances of typical features such as round holes, planes, auxiliary parts and the like from the first reference plane 21 are measured by a three-coordinate measuring machine, as shown in fig. 3-5:

on the third side C, 4 points respectively located on 4 auxiliary pieces are selected as measuring points, and the distance values between the 4 measuring points and the first reference plane 21 are respectively:

the actual distance is: d 1-18.116 mm, corresponding to theoretical distances: d1 ═ 18 mm;

the actual distance is: d 2-18.104 mm, corresponding to theoretical distances: d2 ═ 18 mm;

the actual distance is: d 3-90.708 mm, corresponding to theoretical distances: d3 ═ 90.56 mm;

the actual distance is: d 4-90.710 mm, corresponding to theoretical distances: d4 ═ 90.56 mm;

on the fourth side D, 2 points respectively located on two of the auxiliary members and two oil port end surface center points are selected as measurement points, and the distance values between the 4 measurement points and the first reference surface 21 are respectively:

the actual distance is: d 5-20.455 mm, corresponding to theoretical distances: d5 ═ 20 mm;

the actual distance is: d 6-66.148 mm, corresponding to theoretical distances: d6 ═ 66 mm;

the actual distance is: d 7-20.637 mm, corresponding to theoretical distances: d7 ═ 20.5 mm;

the actual distance is: d 8-90.327 mm, corresponding to theoretical distances: d8 ═ 90 mm;

on the sixth side face F, the center points of the two oil port end faces are selected as measuring points, and the distance values between the two measuring points and the first reference plane 21 are respectively:

the actual distance is: d 9-35.215 mm, corresponding to theoretical distances: d9 ═ 35 mm;

the actual distance is: d 10-92.215 mm, corresponding to theoretical distances: d10 is 92 mm;

according to step 6, calculating the deviation according to the actual distance and the theoretical distance to obtain delta d₁～Δd₁₀Respectively is as follows:

Δd₁＝0.116mm，Δd₂＝0.104mm，Δd₃＝0.148mm，Δd₄＝0.15mm，Δd₅＝0.455mm；

Δd₆＝0.148mm，Δd₇＝0.137mm，Δd₈＝0.327mm，Δd₉＝0.215mm，Δd₁₀＝0.15mm；

according to step 7, Δ D is analyzed one by one₁～ΔD₁₀If the measured value is out of tolerance, it can be found that the 5 th and 8 th measurement points are out of toleranceThe 5 th and 8 th measuring points are both arranged on the auxiliary piece, so that data corresponding to the two measuring points can be directly kicked off, and 8 groups of data are left after kicking off;

according to step 8, the total deviation is calculated as:

calculating the effective deviation:

according to step 9, determining the actual machining allowance of the first mounting hole as follows:

M_s＝ΔD_y-Δd_y＝0.30-0.115＝0.185mm

therefore, the final machining allowance of the first mounting hole end surface is 0.185 mm.

And (4) according to the calculated machining allowance, machining the mounting hole by using a universal surface clamp and auxiliary parts for assisting stable clamping according to the drawing and the center coordinate of the mounting hole measured in the step 1.

In this embodiment, the preset difference is equal to the theoretical machining amount of the first reference surface. In other embodiments, the preset difference may not be equal to the theoretical machining amount of the first reference surface, and details are not described here.

The embodiment of the invention is suitable for material increase design and manufacturing of the integrated valve with a complex structure, does not need to customize a special tool clamp, ensures the metal 3D printing and mechanical processing clamping of the hydraulic valve body and the accurate processing of ports such as an installation hole, an oil port and the like with lower cost and higher efficiency, and effectively accelerates the grounding of the metal 3D printing technology.

Through the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it can be seen that the embodiments of the present invention have at least one or more of the following advantages:

1. the auxiliary part can be used for carrying out metal 3D printing support, heat dissipation and clamping during processing, a special clamp does not need to be customized, and the universality is good;

2. the auxiliary part can stabilize clamping, ensure stable processing, do not consider the problems of deviation of an original datum and the like caused by peripheral outline, end face printing error and the like caused by a metal 3D printing process, quickly and accurately obtain the actual processing allowance of the position to be processed, and ensure the processing precision of the metal 3D printing part;

3. the auxiliary part can be suitable for a universal fixture, a special positioning special fixture does not need to be customized independently, and the manufacturing cost is low and is reduced remarkably;

4. by arranging the auxiliary part, the assembly convenience of clamping is effectively improved, the clamp is fast to change, and the machining efficiency is effectively improved;

5. by measuring the distance between the measuring point and the reference surface and comparing the distance with the theoretical distance, the machining allowance of the part to be machined can be determined, a special measuring program can be compiled during measurement, the three-coordinate measuring machine is utilized to realize batch automatic measurement, machining positioning data records are obtained in batches, and the efficiency is high.

The 3D printing positioning auxiliary device provided by the invention can be applied to various 3D printing products, such as hydraulic valves, automobile or airplane parts and the like.

The positive technical effects of the 3D printing positioning auxiliary device in the above embodiments are also applicable to the 3D printing product positioning method and the 3D printing product processing method, and are not described herein again.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and these modifications and equivalents are intended to be included within the scope of the claims.