阅读说明：本技术 一种激光增材设备的出粉装置 (Powder discharging device of laser additive equipment ) 是由 陈磊 夏志新 于 2020-12-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种激光增材设备的出粉装置,包括出粉机构,所述出粉机构包括储料漏斗,所述储料漏斗连接有出粉模块,所述出粉模块包括两个粉料入口、两条流道和一个粉料出口,两条所述的流道各对应一个粉料入口并在粉料出口处相汇通,所述粉料出口的两侧均设有刮粉刷板；两条所述的流道内均设有出粉辊以及与出粉辊外圆柱面相切的一对导辊,一对所述的导辊将流道分隔成上进粉段、储粉容腔和下出粉段,所述出粉辊的外圆柱面上设有若干个沿轴向的凹槽,随着出粉辊的旋转,所述储粉容腔轮换着与上进粉段、下出粉段相导通。本发明具有内部的转辊不易出现卡死现象且不易发生漏粉,可以实现定量流畅出粉的优点。(The invention discloses a powder discharging device of laser additive equipment, which comprises a powder discharging mechanism, wherein the powder discharging mechanism comprises a storage hopper, the storage hopper is connected with a powder discharging module, the powder discharging module comprises two powder inlets, two flow channels and a powder outlet, the two flow channels respectively correspond to one powder inlet and are communicated with each other at the powder outlet, and powder scraping brush plates are arranged on two sides of the powder outlet; two the runner in all be equipped with out the powder roller and with go out tangent a pair of deflector roll of the outer face of cylinder of powder roller, it is a pair of the deflector roll separate into the runner and go into the powder section, store up the powder and hold the chamber and go out the powder section down, be equipped with a plurality of along axial recess on the outer face of cylinder of going out the powder roller, along with the rotation of going out the powder roller, store up the powder and hold the chamber and alternate with last powder section, go out the powder section and switch on down. The invention has the advantages that the internal roller is not easy to be blocked and powder leakage is not easy to occur, and quantitative and smooth powder discharge can be realized.)

1. The utility model provides a powder discharging device of laser vibration material disk, includes a pair of guided way (2), is connected with out powder mechanism (4) through slider (3) on guided way (2), and it is connected with linear electric motor, its characterized in that to go out powder mechanism (4): the powder discharging mechanism (4) comprises a storage hopper (41), the storage hopper (41) is connected with a powder discharging module (42), the powder discharging module (42) comprises two powder inlets (401), two flow channels (402) and a powder outlet (403), the two flow channels (402) correspond to the powder inlet (401) and are communicated with each other at the powder outlet (403), and powder scraping brush plates (404) are arranged on two sides of the powder outlet (403); two runner (402) in all be equipped with out powder roller (405) and with go out tangent a pair of deflector roll (406) of powder roller (405) outer face of cylinder, it is a pair of deflector roll (406) separate into runner (402) and go into powder section (407), store up powder and hold chamber (408) and go out powder section (409) down, it follows axial recess (410) to be equipped with a plurality of on the outer face of cylinder of powder roller (405), along with the rotation of going out powder roller (405), it is leading to mutually with last powder section (407), lower powder section (409) to store up powder and hold chamber (408).

2. The powder discharging device of the laser additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the grooves (410) are distributed at equal intervals along the outer cylindrical surface of the powder outlet roller (405), and in the cross section of the powder outlet roller (405), the central angle corresponding to each groove is equal to the central angle corresponding to the outer cylindrical surface between every two adjacent grooves.

3. The powder discharging device of the laser additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: in the pair of guide rollers (406) in the same flow channel (402), when a gap is formed between one guide roller (406) and the groove (410) of the powder outlet roller (405), the other guide roller (406) is tangent to the outer cylindrical surface between two adjacent grooves (410) of the powder outlet roller (405), and the two guide rollers (406) alternately form a gap with the powder outlet roller (405) along with the rotation of the powder outlet roller (405).

4. The powder discharging device of the laser additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: in the two flow passages (402), when a gap is formed between the guide roller (406) positioned below in one flow passage (402) and the groove (410) of the powder outlet roller (405), the guide roller (406) positioned below in the other flow passage (402) is tangent to the outer cylindrical surface between the two adjacent grooves (410) of the powder outlet roller (405), and along with the rotation of the powder outlet roller (405), the guide rollers (406) positioned below in the two flow passages (402) alternately form a gap with the powder outlet roller (405).

5. The powder discharging device of the laser additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the powder outlet roller (405) and the guide roller (406) are partially embedded in the wall of the flow channel (402).

6. The powder discharging device of the laser additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: storage case (43) in the middle of storage hopper (41) and go out between powder module (42), be equipped with electromagnetic switch valve (44) between middle storage case (43) and storage hopper (41).

7. The powder discharging device of the laser additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: two powder scraping and brushing plates (404) are arranged on two sides of the powder outlet (403), wherein the lowest position of the powder scraping and brushing plate (404) on the side close to the powder outlet (403) is higher than the lowest position of the powder scraping and brushing plate (404) on the side far away from the powder outlet (403).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser additive manufacturing, in particular to a powder discharging device of laser additive equipment.

Background

The laser additive manufacturing technology is a method for directly manufacturing parts by taking a laser beam as a heat source and heating materials to combine the laser beam and heating the materials, is called high-energy beam rapid manufacturing and is an important branch of the field of additive manufacturing, in the field of laser additive manufacturing of existing metal parts, a powder discharging device is required to be used for various devices such as laser cladding, selective laser melting and the like, the laser cladding is one of the devices, the laser cladding is realized by irradiating high-energy laser beams, and through rapid melting, expansion and solidification, a layer of material with special physical, chemical or mechanical properties is cladded on the surface of a base material to form a new composite material so as to make up for the lack of high performance of the base body, the laser cladding process is of various types, when large-area cladding is required on a workpiece, coating layer powder is required to be preset on the surface of the workpiece before laser cladding treatment, the large-area powder discharging is realized through the powder discharging device, the quantitative supply of the metal powder is related to the thickness uniformity of a cladding layer on the surface of a workpiece and the precision of a processed finished product, in order to realize the quantitative supply of the metal powder, a powder discharging roller with grooves distributed axially is generally adopted as a plugging piece of a powder discharging port at present, and the metal powder is quantitatively taken out along with the rotation of the powder discharging roller.

When the method is adopted for discharging powder, as the rotating roller rotates and the inner wall of the container matched with the rotating roller is fixed, if the clearance between the rotating roller and the inner wall of the container is larger, the metal powder can leak and fall on the tiled powder layer, and the uniformity of the tiled powder layer can be damaged; if the clearance between the rotating roller and the inner wall of the container is smaller, larger sliding friction force can be generated between the rotating roller and the inner wall of the container in the rotating process of the rotating roller, and especially when metal powder falls into the clearance, the larger sliding friction force can directly cause the phenomenon that the rotating roller is blocked; in addition, because the metal powder storage amount in the common roller is less, the roller needs to reach a higher rotating speed to discharge the powder quickly and stably, and the blocking probability of the roller is increased due to the acceleration of the rotating speed of the roller.

Therefore, the powder discharging of the existing laser additive equipment has the problems that the powder is easy to leak or the roller is easy to be stuck.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a powder discharging device of laser additive equipment. The rotary roller has the advantages that the roller inside is not easy to block, powder leakage is not easy to occur, and quantitative and smooth powder discharging can be realized.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a powder discharging device of laser vibration material disk, includes a pair of guided way, is connected with out powder mechanism through the slider on the guided way, and it is connected with linear electric motor, its characterized in that to go out powder mechanism: the powder discharging mechanism comprises a storage hopper, the storage hopper is connected with a powder discharging module, the powder discharging module comprises two powder inlets, two flow channels and a powder outlet, the two flow channels respectively correspond to the powder inlet and are communicated with each other at the powder outlet, and powder scraping brush plates are arranged on two sides of the powder outlet; two the runner in all be equipped with out the powder roller and with go out tangent a pair of deflector roll of the outer face of cylinder of powder roller, it is a pair of the deflector roll separate into the runner and go into the powder section, store up the powder and hold the chamber and go out the powder section down, be equipped with a plurality of along axial recess on the outer face of cylinder of going out the powder roller, along with the rotation of going out the powder roller, store up the powder and hold the chamber and alternate with last powder section, go out the powder section and switch on down.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: powder discharging is realized through the powder discharging module with the double flow passages, intermittent powder discharging in a single flow passage can be realized through the powder discharging switch consisting of the powder discharging roller and the pair of guide rollers in the powder discharging module, and continuous powder discharging at the powder outlet can be finally realized only by staggering the powder discharging time of intermittent powder discharging in the two flow passages under the structure that the double flow passages are gathered into one path of powder discharging; the powder outlet roller and the pair of guide rollers tangent to the outer cylindrical surface of the powder outlet roller are arranged in the flow channel, and the powder outlet roller and the guide rollers are in gapless fit, so that the powder leakage phenomenon is not easy to occur; the groove on the powder discharging roller is only used as a channel for flowing of metal powder, the powder storage cavity separated from the flow channel by the pair of guide rollers is a powder containing cavity for quantitatively discharging powder at each time, the volume of the powder storage cavity is a certain amount and can be several times of that of the groove, the one-time powder storage amount is larger, the powder discharging amount at each time is also larger, and on the premise of keeping the conventional powder discharging speed, the powder discharging roller does not need to rotate too fast, so that the probability of blocking can be reduced; more importantly, the part which is matched with the powder outlet roller to play a role in blocking is a pair of guide rollers, the guide rollers synchronously rotate when the powder outlet roller rotates, rolling friction exists between the guide rollers and the powder outlet roller, the numerical value of the rolling friction force is far smaller than the sliding friction force borne by a conventional roller, and the structure ensures that the powder outlet roller is not easy to be blocked, so that quantitative and smooth powder outlet is realized.

In the powder discharging device of the laser material increase equipment, the grooves are distributed at equal intervals along the outer cylindrical surface of the powder discharging roller, and in the cross section of the powder discharging roller, the central angle corresponding to each groove is equal to the central angle corresponding to the outer cylindrical surface between every two adjacent grooves.

In the powder discharging device of the laser additive manufacturing equipment, when a gap is formed between one guide roller and the groove of the powder discharging roller in the pair of guide rollers in the same flow channel, the other guide roller is tangent to the outer cylindrical surface between two adjacent grooves of the powder discharging roller, and along with the rotation of the powder discharging roller, the two guide rollers alternately form a gap with the powder discharging roller.

Among the aforesaid powder discharging device of laser vibration material disk equipment, two the runner in, when forming the clearance between the deflector roll that is located the below in a runner and the recess of powder roller, the deflector roll that is located the below in another runner is tangent with the outer face of cylinder between two adjacent recesses of powder roller, and along with the rotation of powder roller, the deflector roll that is located the below in two runners is taking turns and is forming the clearance between the powder roller.

In the powder discharging device of the laser additive manufacturing apparatus, the powder discharging roller and the guide roller are partially embedded in the flow channel wall.

In the powder discharging device of the laser material increasing equipment, an intermediate storage box is arranged between the storage hopper and the powder discharging module, and an electromagnetic switch valve is arranged between the intermediate storage box and the storage hopper.

In the powder discharging device of the laser material increase equipment, two powder scraping brush plates are arranged on two sides of the powder outlet, wherein the lowest position close to the powder outlet side and used for scraping the powder scraping brush plate is higher than the lowest position far away from the powder outlet side and used for scraping the powder scraping brush plate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a powder discharging mechanism;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a powder discharging module;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at B;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the movement state of the powder discharging roller;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a second motion state of the powder discharging roller;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the movement state of the powder discharging roller;

fig. 9 is a four-schematic view of the motion state of the powder discharging roller.

Reference numerals: 1-formed workpiece, 2-guide rail, 3-slide block, 4-powder discharging mechanism, 41-storage hopper, 42-powder discharging module, 43-intermediate storage tank, 44-electromagnetic switch valve, 401-powder inlet, 402-flow channel, 403-powder outlet, 404-powder scraping brush plate, 405-powder discharging roller, 406-guide roller, 407-upper powder feeding section, 408-powder storage cavity, 409-lower powder discharging section and 410-groove.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Example (b): a powder discharging device of laser additive equipment is structurally shown in figures 1 to 5 and comprises a pair of guide rails 2, a molded workpiece 1 is positioned between the guide rails 2 on two sides, a powder discharging mechanism 4 is connected to each guide rail 2 through a sliding block 3, namely the powder discharging mechanism 4 is erected on the two guide rails 2, the powder discharging mechanism 4 is connected with a linear motor, the linear motor is used for driving the powder discharging mechanism 4 to move back and forth on a straight line, the powder discharging mechanism 4 comprises a storage hopper 41, the volume of the storage hopper 41 is used for storing metal powder for processing a plurality of parts, the storage hopper 41 is connected with a powder discharging module 42, the powder discharging module 42 comprises two powder inlets 401, two flow channels 402 and a powder outlet 403, the two powder inlets 401 are close to the storage hopper 41 in butt joint and have the same size, the feeding speeds can be guaranteed to be the same, the two flow channels 402 correspond to one powder inlet 401 and are communicated with one another at the powder outlet 403, the two sides of the powder outlet 403 are both provided with the powder scraping and brushing plates 404, the powder scraping and brushing plates 404 pave the metal powder falling from the powder outlet 403, and according to the difference of the motion directions of the powder outlet mechanism 4, when the powder outlet mechanism 4 moves towards one direction, one or only one of the powder scraping and brushing plates 404 on the two sides plays a role in scraping and paving the powder; two all be equipped with out powder roller 405 in the runner 402 and with a pair of deflector roll 406 that goes out tangent of powder roller 405 outer cylindrical surface, it is a pair of deflector roll 406 divide into runner 402 into go into powder section 407, store up powder and hold chamber 408 and go out powder section 409 down, it is equipped with a plurality of along axial recess 410 on the outer cylindrical surface of powder roller 405, go out powder roller 405 outer cylindrical surface and though tangent with deflector roll 406, but when going out powder roller 405 rotation to recess 410 and deflector roll 406 when relative, can form a passageway that switches on between two adjacent sections, also be along with the rotation of powder roller 405, store up powder and hold chamber 408 and switch on with last powder section 407, lower powder section 409 of going out alternately.

Preferably, the plurality of grooves 410 are distributed at equal intervals along the outer cylindrical surface of the powder outlet roller 405, and in the cross section of the powder outlet roller 405, the central angles of the groove sections corresponding to the non-groove sections are equal in size. This arrangement allows the powder storage cavity 408 to be alternately connected to the upper powder feeding section 407 and the lower powder discharging section 409, and at any time, the powder storage cavity 408 is connected to and only connected to one of the upper powder feeding section 407 and the lower powder discharging section 409.

In the pair of guide rollers 406 in the same flow channel 402, when a gap is formed between one guide roller 406 and the groove 410 of the powder outlet roller 405, the other guide roller 406 is tangent to the outer cylindrical surface between two adjacent grooves 410 of the powder outlet roller 405, and along with the rotation of the powder outlet roller 405, the two guide rollers 406 alternately form a gap with the powder outlet roller 405, and once a rotation period is completed, the powder storage cavity 408 is filled with metal powder and emptied of metal powder, so that quantitative powder outlet is realized.

In the two flow passages 402, when a gap is formed between the guide roller 406 positioned below in one flow passage 402 and the groove 410 of the powder discharging roller 405, the guide roller 406 positioned below in the other flow passage 402 is tangent to the outer cylindrical surface between the two adjacent grooves 410 of the powder discharging roller 405, and along with the rotation of the powder discharging roller 405, the guide roller 406 positioned below in the two flow passages 402 alternately forms a gap with the powder discharging roller 405, and when one rotation period is completed, the filled metal powder is discharged from the powder storage cavities 408 in the two flow passages 402 at intervals, and continuous powder discharging is realized at the powder outlet 403.

When the powder storage cavity 408 is communicated with the upper powder feeding section 407, the powder storage cavity 408 performs a powder feeding action, the rotation speed of the powder discharging roller 405 is controlled according to the volume of the powder storage cavity 408, and it is ensured that the powder storage cavity 408 is filled with metal powder before the powder feeding channel between the powder storage cavity 408 and the upper powder feeding section 407 is closed;

when the powder storage cavity 408 is communicated with the lower powder discharging section 409, the powder storage cavity 408 performs powder discharging action, the rotating speed of the powder discharging roller 405 needs to be controlled to be closed when a powder discharging channel between the powder storage cavity 408 and the lower powder discharging section 409 is closed, the powder storage cavity 408 just discharges metal powder, and the rotating speed of the powder discharging roller 405 is easily obtained because the volume of the powder storage cavity 408 is a fixed value.

Further, the number of the upper grooves 410 of each powder outlet roller 405 is 9, that is, in the cross section of the powder outlet roller 405, the central angle corresponding to the groove section is 20 °, when the powder storage cavity 408 is communicated with the upper powder inlet section 407 or the lower powder outlet section 409, there is only one complete groove section in the powder storage cavity 408, and the powder outlet roller 405 completes a complete powder outlet operation once per 40 ° rotation, specifically, as shown in fig. 6 to 9, fig. 6 is a critical condition that the powder storage cavity 408 is about to be communicated with the upper powder inlet section 407, as the powder outlet roller 405 continues to rotate, the powder storage cavity 408 is communicated with the upper powder inlet section 407, when the powder outlet roller continues to rotate 405 by 10 °, as shown in fig. 7, at this time, the communication between the powder storage cavity 408 and the upper powder inlet section 407 is maximized, a powder inlet operation is being performed, and when the powder outlet roller continues to rotate 405 by 10 °, as shown in fig. 8, the communication between the powder storage cavity 408 and the upper powder inlet section 407 is closed, the powder storage cavity 408 and the lower powder discharging section 409 are about to be communicated, the powder storage cavity 408 and the lower powder discharging section 409 are communicated along with the continuous rotation of the powder discharging roller 405, when the powder discharging roller rotates continuously 405 for 10 degrees, as shown in fig. 9, the powder storage cavity 408 and the lower powder discharging section 409 are communicated and have the largest channel, the powder discharging operation is performed, when the powder discharging roller rotates continuously 405 for 10 degrees, the state shown in fig. 6 is returned, and one powder discharging period is completed.

Preferably, the powder outlet roller 405 and the guide roller 406 are partially embedded in the flow channel 402, so that when the powder outlet roller 405 rotates, metal powder cannot leak downwards along the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the powder outlet roller 405, the uniqueness of a powder outlet channel is ensured, and the rotation speed of the powder outlet roller 405 is better controlled.

Preferably, an intermediate storage box 43 is arranged between the storage hopper 41 and the powder discharging module 42, an electromagnetic switch valve 44 is arranged between the intermediate storage box 43 and the storage hopper 41, the intermediate storage box 43 is used for temporarily storing metal powder leaked from the storage hopper 41, when the intermediate storage box 43 is full, the electromagnetic switch valve 44 is closed, the storage hopper 41 does not supply the metal powder to the intermediate storage box 43, the internal pressure of the metal powder in the flow channel 402 is not too large due to the arrangement of the intermediate storage box 43, the components such as the powder discharging roller 405 and the guide roller 406 in the flow channel 402 are well protected, the matching of the components such as the powder discharging roller 405 and the guide roller 406 is not easy to deform, and the powder discharging module can be used for a longer time with high precision.

Preferably, the electromagnetic on-off valve 44 may be opened again to fill the intermediate storage tank 43 with the metal powder when the amount of the metal powder in the intermediate storage tank 43 is below a certain value, which is generally performed when the amount of the metal powder in the intermediate storage tank 43 is below 1/3 of the total volume thereof.

Preferably, two scraping and brushing plates 404 are arranged on two sides of the powder outlet 403, wherein the lowest position of the scraping and brushing plate 404 close to the powder outlet 403 is higher than the lowest position of the scraping and brushing plate 404 far away from the powder outlet 403, the two scraping and brushing plates 404 arranged on each side can make the paving more fine, the scraping and brushing plate 404 close to the powder outlet 403 can realize preliminary scraping, the stacked metal powder is preliminarily diffused and tiled, the scraping pressure of the scraping and brushing plate 404 far away from the powder outlet 403 is reduced, and the metal powder preliminarily diffused and tiled can be finely diffused and tiled by further scraping and brushing plate 404 far away from the powder outlet 403.

Preferably, the two powder discharging rollers 405 in the powder discharging module 42 are driven by the same motor, the two powder discharging rollers 405 rotate synchronously and in different directions through the matching of the gear sets at the end parts of the two powder discharging rollers 405, the use cost of the motor can be reduced through the driving of the same motor, the synchronism of the synchronous and in different directions of the rotation of the two powder discharging rollers 405 is better ensured, and the initial positions of the two powder discharging rollers 405 are different, namely when the powder storage cavity 408 in one flow passage 402 is communicated with the upper powder feeding section 407, the powder storage cavity 408 in the other flow passage 402 is communicated with the lower powder discharging section 409.

Working principle (when the invention is used as a powder discharging device of laser cladding equipment): under the action of a linear motor, the powder discharging mechanism 4 slides directionally along the guide rail 2, metal powder in the storage hopper 41 is input from two powder inlets 401 of the powder discharging module 42, the powder discharging rollers 405 in the two flow channels 402 rotate in different directions synchronously, along with the rotation of the powder discharging rollers 405, the powder storage cavities 408 in the flow channels 402 repeat quantitative powder feeding and quantitative powder discharging actions, and the powder storage cavity 408 in one flow channel 402 is kept to discharge powder quantitatively when the powder storage cavity 408 in the other flow channel 402 feeds powder quantitatively, so that the powder outlet 403 realizes continuous powder discharging, the metal powder output to the formed workpiece 1 is uniformly scraped by the powder scraping and brushing plate 404, when the powder discharging mechanism 4 finishes one surface along one direction, the reset is not needed, and after the finished workpiece is processed (taken away), the powder discharging mechanism 4 moves reversely to lay powder for a new workpiece.

Further, when the powder outlet roller 405 rotates, the pair of guide rollers 406 tangent to the powder outlet roller 405 rotate in opposite directions, and the linear velocity of the guide rollers 406 at the tangent position is equal to the linear velocity of the powder outlet roller 405 at the tangent position, where the guide rollers 406 can be synchronously driven by a motor driving the powder outlet roller 405 through an additional gear set; in fact, the rotation speed of the guide roller 406 does not need to be controlled to be exactly the same as the rotation speeds of the two powder discharging rollers 405, the guide roller 406 can be driven by an additional motor, and the invention can accept the slight deviation of the linear speed of the guide roller 406 at the tangent position and the linear speed of the powder discharging rollers 405 at the tangent position.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.