阅读说明：本技术 一种超声波测量系统及其方法 (Ultrasonic measurement system and method thereof ) 是由 朱瑞华 徐俊杰 林毓平 于 2019-10-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种超声波测量系统及其方法,属于电子技术领域,包括收发换能器单元、收发模拟电路单元、核心处理单元和人机接口,解决了采用数字滤波技术提高超声波测量信号采集的准确度的技术问题,本发明将超声波接收、按键控制、时间测量、画面显示等测量系统集成在一个芯片中,极大的提高了集成度,将接收到的模拟回波信息转换成数字信号,并在芯片中对数字信号进行处理运算,达到模拟电路中的带通滤波、检波等作用,数字滤波后的信号直接送内部CPU计算,得出更为精确的测量值,本发明的优势为整个系统中只需一个功率发射模块和一个多功能数据处理模块即可实现超声波测量的功能。(The invention discloses an ultrasonic measuring system and a method thereof, belonging to the technical field of electronics, comprising a transmitting-receiving transducer unit, a transmitting-receiving analog circuit unit, a core processing unit and a man-machine interface, solving the technical problem of improving the accuracy of ultrasonic measuring signal acquisition by adopting a digital filtering technology, integrating ultrasonic receiving, key control, time measurement, picture display and other measuring systems into a chip, greatly improves the integration level, converts the received analog echo information into a digital signal, the digital signal is processed and operated in the chip to achieve the functions of band-pass filtering, wave detection and the like in the analog circuit, the digitally filtered signal is directly sent to an internal CPU for calculation to obtain a more accurate measured value, and the invention has the advantage that the whole system can realize the function of ultrasonic measurement only by one power transmitting module and one multifunctional data processing module.)

1. An ultrasonic measurement system, characterized by: the system comprises a receiving and transmitting transducer unit, a receiving and transmitting analog circuit unit, a core processing unit and a man-machine interface;

the transmitting and receiving transducer unit comprises a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer;

the receiving and transmitting analog circuit unit comprises a transmitting driving unit and a receiving amplitude limiting unit, wherein the transmitting driving unit is used for driving the transmitting transducer, and the receiving amplitude limiting unit is used for receiving a signal transmitted back by the receiving transducer;

the core processing unit comprises an ADC module, a receiving synchronization module, a digital filtering module, a CPU processing module, a pulse transmitting module, an external interface module, a video driving module and an audio driving module;

the transmitting pulse module is connected with the CPU processing module and is used for providing a transmitting pulse signal to the transmitting driving unit;

the CPU processing module sends a synchronous clock signal to the ADC module through the receiving synchronous module;

the receiving amplitude limiting unit is connected with the input end of the ADC module, and the output end of the ADC module is connected with the CPU processing module through the digital filtering module;

the external interface is connected with the CPU processing module and is used for providing an external data communication interface;

the video driving module and the audio driving module are connected with the CPU processing module and are respectively used for providing an external display unit and an audio unit.

2. An ultrasonic measurement system according to claim 1, wherein: the core processing unit adopts an IT970 type MCU processor, the receiving amplitude limiting unit is connected with an ADC interface of the MCU processor, the audio unit is connected with an Audio codec interface of the MCU processor, the display unit is connected with an LVDS interface of the MCU processor, and the transmitting driving unit is connected with an IO port of the MCU processor.

3. An ultrasonic measurement system according to claim 2, wherein: the external data communication interface is a serial communication interface provided by the MCU processor.

4. An ultrasonic measurement system according to claim 2, wherein: the transmitting driving unit is a transmitting driving circuit composed of MC34151 and peripheral circuits thereof, and the receiving amplitude limiting unit is an amplifying circuit composed of LM 358.

The transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are transmitting and receiving integrated transducers, and the model number of the transmitting transducer and the model number of the receiving transducer are JLT-200K-1068; the display unit is a liquid crystal display screen, and the audio unit is a loudspeaker.

5. An ultrasonic measurement method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1: establishing an ultrasonic measuring system;

step 2: the CPU processing module generates a starting pulse signal, transmits the starting pulse signal to the transmitting driving unit through the transmitting pulse module, and the transmitting driving unit amplifies the power of the starting pulse signal and then pushes the amplified starting pulse signal to the transmitting transducer;

and step 3: the transmitting transducer is internally provided with a transmitting vibrator which converts a signal pushed by a transmitting drive into ultrasonic waves to be transmitted outwards;

and 4, step 4: the receiving transducer is internally provided with a receiving oscillator, the receiving oscillator receives a target echo of ultrasonic waves, and the receiving oscillator converts the target echo into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the receiving amplitude limiting unit;

and 5: the receiving amplitude limiting unit limits the electric signal transmitted by the receiving oscillator within a safe range, generates a signal to be detected and transmits the signal to be detected to the input end of the ADC module;

step 6: the ADC module is connected with the receiving synchronization unit and performs analog-digital signal conversion after a preset time delay after the pulse signal transmission is started;

the ADC module converts the signal to be detected into a source digital signal and transmits the source digital signal to the digital filtering module;

and 7: the digital filtering module screens and identifies source digital signals, discards useless interference signals and obtains target digital signals, and the method comprises the following steps of:

step A: obtaining an amplitude mean value of the target digital signal, setting a mean value reference value, and judging whether the amplitude mean value is greater than the mean value reference value: if yes, abandoning the target digital signal, and executing the step A; if not, executing the step B;

and B: storing the target digital signal, and judging whether the target digital signal is less than one half of the mean reference value: if yes, abandoning the target digital signal and executing the step A; if not, storing the target digital signal, and executing the step C;

and C: setting an amplitude limiting threshold, and carrying out amplitude limiting processing on the target digital signal according to the amplitude limiting threshold to obtain an amplitude limiting digital signal;

step D: setting a frequency threshold, wherein the upper limit of the frequency threshold is an upper sideband, the lower limit of the frequency threshold is a lower sideband, and when the amplitude limiting digital signal falls between the upper sideband and the lower sideband, storing the amplitude limiting digital signal and executing the step E; otherwise, abandoning the amplitude limiting digital signal and executing the step A;

step E: transmitting the amplitude limiting digital signal as a filtered target digital signal to a CPU processing module;

and 8: the CPU processing module stores the filtered target digital signal and generates historical data;

and step 9: the CPU processing module is communicated with a peripheral key, a remote controller or an upper computer through a serial port, displays historical data through a display unit and sends out audio prompt tones through an audio unit.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic detection, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic measurement system and an ultrasonic measurement method.

Background

The ultrasonic measurement has wide application field, and can be used for the fields of metal flaw detection, distance measurement, underwater target detection and the like by utilizing the penetration characteristic of ultrasonic waves and the feedback characteristic in different media.

In the frequency range higher than the audible sound wave frequency (20KHz), the ultrasonic wave pulse is converted into ultrasonic wave by an electroacoustic conversion device and is transmitted, and the part is a transmitting module. The echo reflected by the ultrasonic wave after meeting the target is converted into an electric signal through an acoustoelectric conversion device, and then the electric signal is processed by sending, mixing, detecting and the like, and the part is a receiving module. The measurement result is obtained after the measurement result is sent to the processing unit for calculation after the processing of the receiving module.

The receiving module conventionally performs a band pass filtering on the received small signal to obtain an intermediate frequency signal, and performs a demodulation to obtain a level of a reflected echo. The post-stage processing unit calculates the echo intensity according to the detected level and calculates the target distance according to the delay of the echo and the transmitted pulse

The existing ultrasonic measurement system generally comprises a transmitting system, a receiving system, a signal processing system and a display system. The receiving system converts the received signal into an intermediate frequency signal of 455KHz by a superheterodyne mixing method, and extracts a useful echo signal from the intermediate frequency to be processed and calculated by a difference signal processing unit. The processing process of the method is all analog signals and is limited by signal amplitude, frequency offset, the precision of an analog device and the like, and the receiving system has the defects of complex debugging, poor precision and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic measurement system and an ultrasonic measurement method, which solve the technical problem of improving the accuracy of ultrasonic measurement signal acquisition by adopting a digital filtering technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an ultrasonic measuring system comprises a transmitting-receiving transducer unit, a transmitting-receiving analog circuit unit, a core processing unit and a man-machine interface;

the transmitting and receiving transducer unit comprises a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer;

the receiving and transmitting analog circuit unit comprises a transmitting driving unit and a receiving amplitude limiting unit, wherein the transmitting driving unit is used for driving the transmitting transducer, and the receiving amplitude limiting unit is used for receiving a signal transmitted back by the receiving transducer;

the core processing unit comprises an ADC module, a receiving synchronization module, a digital filtering module, a CPU processing module, a pulse transmitting module, an external interface module, a video driving module and an audio driving module;

the transmitting pulse module is connected with the CPU processing module and is used for providing a transmitting pulse signal to the transmitting driving unit;

the CPU processing module sends a synchronous clock signal to the ADC module through the receiving synchronous module;

the receiving amplitude limiting unit is connected with the input end of the ADC module, and the output end of the ADC module is connected with the CPU processing module through the digital filtering module;

the external interface is connected with the CPU processing module and is used for providing an external data communication interface;

the video driving module and the audio driving module are connected with the CPU processing module and are respectively used for providing an external display unit and an audio unit.

Preferably, the core processing unit adopts an IT970 type MCU processor, the receiving amplitude limiting unit is connected with an ADC interface of the MCU processor, the audio unit is connected with an Audio codec interface of the MCU processor, the display unit is connected with an LVDS interface of the MCU processor, and the transmitting driving unit is connected with an IO port of the MCU processor.

Preferably, the external data communication interface is a serial communication interface provided by the MCU processor.

Preferably, the transmitting driving unit is a transmitting driving circuit composed of MC34151 and peripheral circuits thereof, and the receiving amplitude limiting unit is an amplifying circuit composed of LM 358.

The transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are transmitting and receiving integrated transducers, and the model number of the transmitting transducer and the model number of the receiving transducer are JLT-200K-1068; the display unit is a liquid crystal display screen, and the audio unit is a loudspeaker.

An ultrasonic measurement method comprising the steps of:

step 1: establishing an ultrasonic measuring system;

step 2: the CPU processing module generates a starting pulse signal, transmits the starting pulse signal to the transmitting driving unit through the transmitting pulse module, and the transmitting driving unit amplifies the power of the starting pulse signal and then pushes the amplified starting pulse signal to the transmitting transducer;

and step 3: the transmitting transducer is internally provided with a transmitting vibrator which converts a signal pushed by a transmitting drive into ultrasonic waves to be transmitted outwards;

and 4, step 4: the receiving transducer is internally provided with a receiving oscillator, the receiving oscillator receives a target echo of ultrasonic waves, and the receiving oscillator converts the target echo into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the receiving amplitude limiting unit;

and 5: the receiving amplitude limiting unit limits the electric signal transmitted by the receiving oscillator within a safe range, generates a signal to be detected and transmits the signal to be detected to the input end of the ADC module;

step 6: the ADC module is connected with the receiving synchronization unit and performs analog-digital signal conversion after a preset time delay after the pulse signal transmission is started;

the ADC module converts the signal to be detected into a source digital signal and transmits the source digital signal to the digital filtering module;

and 7: the digital filtering module screens and identifies source digital signals, discards useless interference signals and obtains target digital signals, and the method comprises the following steps of:

step A: obtaining an amplitude mean value of the target digital signal, setting a mean value reference value, and judging whether the amplitude mean value is greater than the mean value reference value: if yes, abandoning the target digital signal, and executing the step A; if not, executing the step B;

and B: storing the target digital signal, and judging whether the target digital signal is less than one half of the mean reference value: if yes, abandoning the target digital signal and executing the step A; if not, storing the target digital signal, and executing the step C;

and C: setting an amplitude limiting threshold, and carrying out amplitude limiting processing on the target digital signal according to the amplitude limiting threshold to obtain an amplitude limiting digital signal;

step D: setting a frequency threshold, wherein the upper limit of the frequency threshold is an upper sideband, the lower limit of the frequency threshold is a lower sideband, and when the amplitude limiting digital signal falls between the upper sideband and the lower sideband, storing the amplitude limiting digital signal and executing the step E; otherwise, abandoning the amplitude limiting digital signal and executing the step A;

step E: transmitting the amplitude limiting digital signal as a filtered target digital signal to a CPU processing module;

and 8: the CPU processing module stores the filtered target digital signal and generates historical data;

and step 9: the CPU processing module is communicated with a peripheral key, a remote controller or an upper computer through a serial port, displays historical data through a display unit and sends out audio prompt tones through an audio unit.

The invention relates to an ultrasonic measuring system and a method thereof, which solve the technical problem of improving the accuracy of ultrasonic measuring signal acquisition by adopting a digital filtering technology, integrates measuring systems such as ultrasonic receiving, key control, time measurement, picture display and the like in a chip, greatly improves the integration level, converts received analog echo information into a digital signal, processes and operates the digital signal in the chip to achieve the functions of band-pass filtering, wave detection and the like in an analog circuit, directly sends the signal after digital filtering to an internal CPU for calculation to obtain a more accurate measured value, and has the advantages that the function of ultrasonic measurement can be realized only by one power transmitting module and one multifunctional data processing module in the whole system.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an emission driving unit of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a receive clipping unit of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a flow chart of step 7 of the present invention.

Detailed Description