阅读说明：本技术 用于绝缘地保持导电喷嘴的激光切割头结构 (Laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding conductive nozzle ) 是由 方笑尘 方强 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于绝缘地保持导电喷嘴的激光切割头结构,其包括金属本体、绝缘体、喷嘴基座、喷嘴和导线；金属本体内开有通孔；绝缘体外壁与金属本体内的通孔的内壁连接,内有通孔；喷嘴基座外壁与绝缘体内部通孔的内壁连接,内有通孔；喷嘴与喷嘴基座连接；导线外表面设有绝缘层,通过金属本体上设置的与内部通孔相连的一个孔及所述绝缘体上对应部位的一个通孔与管状喷嘴基座相连。本发明提供的激光切割头结构在使用中只有喷嘴一个部件需要更换,且喷嘴与电容传感头通过精密螺纹相连,可以同时保证精度和密封性。该电容传感头的使用,将降低激光切割中气体的使用成本、提高切割效率。(The invention discloses a laser cutting head structure for insulatively keeping a conductive nozzle, which comprises a metal body, an insulator, a nozzle base, a nozzle and a lead, wherein the insulator is arranged on the metal body; a through hole is formed in the metal body; the outer wall of the insulator is connected with the inner wall of the through hole in the metal body, and the through hole is formed in the insulator; the outer wall of the nozzle base is connected with the inner wall of the through hole in the insulator, and the through hole is formed in the nozzle base; the nozzle is connected with the nozzle base; the outer surface of the wire is provided with an insulating layer and is connected with the tubular nozzle base through a hole which is arranged on the metal body and is connected with the inner through hole and a through hole at the corresponding part on the insulator. The laser cutting head structure provided by the invention has the advantages that only one part of the nozzle needs to be replaced in use, and the nozzle is connected with the capacitance sensing head through the precise thread, so that the precision and the sealing property can be simultaneously ensured. The use of the capacitance sensing head can reduce the use cost of gas in laser cutting and improve the cutting efficiency.)

1. A laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding an electrically conductive nozzle, comprising: including metal body (1), insulator (2), nozzle base (3), nozzle (4) and wire (5), wherein:

a through hole is formed in the metal body (1);

the outer wall of the insulator (2) is connected with the inner wall of the metal body (1), and a through hole is formed in the insulator (2);

the outer wall of the nozzle base (3) is connected with the inner wall of the insulator (2), and a through hole is formed in the nozzle base (3); the nozzle (4) is arranged in the through hole of the nozzle base (3), and the nozzle (4) is connected with the nozzle base (3);

one end of the lead (5) sequentially penetrates through the metal body (1) and the insulator (2) to be connected with the nozzle base (3), the other end of the lead (5) extends out of the metal body (1), and an insulating layer is arranged on the outer surface of the lead (5).

2. The laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding an electrically conductive nozzle of claim 1, wherein: the insulator (2) is a glass tube (21).

3. The laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding an electrically conductive nozzle of claim 2, wherein: the thickness of the tube wall of the glass tube (21) is not more than 1 mm; the outer wall of the glass tube (21) is hermetically connected with the inner wall of the metal body (1) by glue; the inner wall of the glass tube (21) is hermetically connected with the outer wall of the nozzle base (3) by glue.

4. The laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding an electrically conductive nozzle of claim 2, wherein: the fit clearance between the outer diameter of the tube wall of the glass tube (21) and the inner bore diameter of the metal body (1) is within 0.05 mm.

5. The laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding an electrically conductive nozzle of claim 2, wherein: the fit clearance between the inner diameter of the glass tube (21) and the outer diameter of the nozzle base (3) is within 0.05 mm.

6. The laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding an electrically conductive nozzle of claim 1, wherein: the insulating body (2) is an insulating glue layer (22), the outer wall of the nozzle base (3) and the inner wall of the metal body (1) are bonded together through the insulating glue layer (22) to achieve connection and mutual insulation of the nozzle base (3) and the metal body (1), and the thickness of the insulating glue layer (22) is within 0.3 mm.

7. The laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding an electrically conductive nozzle of claim 1, wherein: the lower extreme of nozzle base (3) outwards extends, forms first extension layer, first extension layer with insulating layer (2) are connected with gluing, first extension layer is used for sheltering from the cutting radiation.

8. The laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding an electrically conductive nozzle of claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the nozzle (4) extends outwards to form a second extension layer, and the extension distance of the second extension layer does not exceed the outer diameter of the nozzle base (3).

9. A laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding an electrically conductive nozzle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the metal body (1), the nozzle base (3) and the nozzle (4) are made of copper.

10. A laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding an electrically conductive nozzle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the inner wall of the nozzle base (3) is provided with threads; the nozzle is characterized in that threads are arranged on the outer portion of the nozzle (4), the nozzle (4) is in threaded connection with the nozzle base (3), and the threads are fine threads.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of laser processing, and particularly relates to a laser cutting head structure for insulatively keeping a conductive nozzle.

Background

In laser cutting processing, the distance from the auxiliary gas nozzle of the cutting head to the surface to be cut needs to be controlled in real time, so that the distance from the end face of the nozzle to the cutting surface needs to be measured in real time in laser cutting. At present, commercial laser cutting equipment generally measures the capacitance between the end face of the nozzle and the surface of the cut metal to obtain height information between the end face of the nozzle and the surface of the cut metal. In order to accurately measure this capacitance, it is necessary to insulate the nozzle from the cutting head body and electrically connect the nozzle to the outside with a high-frequency wire connecting the nozzle as an electrode to a capacitance sensor measuring circuit to perform capacitance measurement.

The structural relationship between the laser cutting head and the nozzle which are widely commercially applied at present is as follows: the ceramic nozzle is characterized by consisting of a metal body, a ceramic ring and a nozzle which are sequentially connected, wherein the ceramic ring is fixed on the body, the nozzle is fixed on the ceramic ring, and the centers of the three are coaxially provided with a through hole for a laser beam to pass through. In this structure: the ceramic ring electrically insulates the metal body from the nozzle; the inner hole wall of the ceramic ring and the surface connected with the nozzle are coated with copper, and the inner hole copper wall is provided with threads for connecting with the copper nozzle; copper connectors are respectively arranged on a certain same area on the contact surface of the metal body and the ceramic ring, wherein the copper connectors on the ceramic ring are connected with copper threads of the inner hole through a channel arranged inside the ceramic ring, and the copper connectors on the metal body are led out of the metal body through a wire through an insulating channel inside the metal body. Thus, the electric conduction between the lead and the nozzle is realized under the condition that the electric insulation between the metal body and the nozzle is ensured. The signal line is connected with a height adjuster on the laser cutting equipment, and then the signal can be extracted.

Since the ceramic ring and the nozzle are frequently replaced in daily use, the structural relationship between the commercial laser cutting head and the nozzle at present has the main problem of low precision of the replacement position of the nozzle, which is caused by low manufacturing precision of the ceramic insulating ring. It brings about several problems:

for a high-end cutting head, in order to solve the problem of low replacement precision, a two-dimensional position adjusting device perpendicular to the optical axis direction is arranged on the laser cutting head, so that the cost is increased, and the use convenience is influenced.

Secondly, for a low-end laser cutting head, a nozzle position adjusting device is not usually arranged, so that the diameter of a nozzle air hole needs to be increased in order to avoid interference between the inner wall of the nozzle and a laser beam passing through the inner wall of the nozzle caused by exchange of the nozzle and a ceramic ring, and the air consumption and the use cost are increased.

In a low laser power use environment, in order to increase the sealing effect, a sealing ring is usually added to solve the problem of air leakage caused by low precision of the ceramic ring; in a high laser power use environment, because the temperature at the nozzle is increased, the sealing ring cannot be used, and at the moment, the air leakage is large, and the air pressure cannot be increased according to requirements, so that the use cost of the gas is increased, and the cutting efficiency is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a laser cutting head structure for keeping a conductive nozzle in an insulation manner, which only needs to replace the nozzle in use, has high nozzle replacement precision, low cost and reliable performance, and thoroughly solves the problems existing in the use of the existing laser cutting head.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts a technical solution in which a laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding a conductive nozzle includes a metal body, an insulator, a nozzle base, a nozzle, and a wire, wherein: a through hole is formed in the metal body; the outer wall of the insulator is connected with the inner wall of the metal body, and a through hole is formed in the insulator; the outer wall of the nozzle base (3) is connected with the inner wall of the insulator, and a through hole is formed in the nozzle base; the nozzle is arranged in the through hole of the nozzle base and connected with the nozzle base; one end of the lead sequentially penetrates through the metal body and the insulator to be connected with the nozzle base, the other end of the lead extends out of the metal body, and an insulating layer is arranged on the outer surface of the lead;

further, the insulator is a glass tube;

further, the thickness of the tube wall of the glass tube is not more than millimeter; the outer wall of the glass tube is hermetically connected with the inner wall of the metal body by glue; the inner wall of the glass tube is hermetically connected with the outer wall of the nozzle base by glue.

Furthermore, the fit clearance between the outer diameter of the tube wall of the glass tube and the inner bore diameter of the metal body is within 0.05 mm.

Further, the fit clearance between the inner diameter of the glass tube and the outer diameter of the nozzle base is within 0.05 mm.

Further, the insulator is an insulating glue layer, the outer wall of the nozzle base and the inner wall of the metal body are bonded together through the insulating glue layer to achieve connection and mutual insulation of the nozzle base and the metal body, and the thickness of the insulating glue layer is within 0.3 mm.

Further, the lower end of the nozzle base extends outwards to form a first extension layer, the first extension layer is connected with the insulation layer through glue, and the first extension layer is used for shielding cutting radiation;

further, the lower end of the nozzle extends outwards to form a second extension layer, and the extension distance of the second extension layer does not exceed the outer diameter of the nozzle base.

Further, the metal body, the nozzle base and the nozzle are made of copper.

Further, the inner wall of the nozzle base is provided with threads; the outside of nozzle is provided with the screw thread, the nozzle with nozzle base threaded connection, the screw thread is fine thread.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

according to the laser cutting head structure for keeping the conductive nozzle in an insulating manner, the number of wearing parts which are frequently replaced in laser cutting processing is reduced from the existing ceramic ring, the existing sealing ring and the existing nozzle, only the nozzle needs to be replaced, only one part of the nozzle needs to be replaced in use, the step of replacing the part is simplified, and the loss of each part in the laser cutting head is reduced; the use cost of gas in laser cutting can be further reduced, and the cutting efficiency is improved.

Furthermore, the insulating layer adopts the glass tube or the insulating glue layer, the glass tube has an insulating effect and very high processing precision, the thickness of the glass tube is easier to control than that of a ceramic ring, the glass tube is hermetically connected with the metal body and the nozzle base by glue, and the distance between the glass tube and the metal body is easy to control; the glass tube is adopted for insulation isolation or the metal body and the nozzle base are directly bonded together through the insulation adhesive layer, so that the precision matching degree of all parts of the laser cutting head can be well kept, and particularly when the nozzle is replaced, the connection relationship has higher reliability and precision, and the problems of increased air consumption and increased use cost caused by the interference between the inner wall of the nozzle and a laser beam passing through the nozzle are avoided.

Furthermore, the nozzle and the nozzle base are connected by the fine threads, so that the nozzle is convenient to disassemble and replace, the replacement precision and the sealing effect of the nozzle are greatly improved, the gas consumption is effectively reduced, and the cost is reduced; the air pressure can be improved, and the cutting efficiency is increased; the invention also has the advantages of simple structure and high reliability of connection relation, does not need to arrange a two-dimensional precision adjusting device in the equipment, not only effectively reduces the cost, but also is convenient to operate.

Furthermore, the metal body, the nozzle base and the nozzle are made of copper, and the copper has good thermal conductivity and high electric conductivity and can ensure good capacitance signals.

Furthermore, the lower end of the nozzle base extends outwards to form a first extension layer, the first extension layer plays a role in shielding cutting radiation so as to prevent the cutting radiation from entering the glass tube, and the first extension layer can also increase the contact area between the end face of the nozzle and the nozzle base;

furthermore, the lower end of the nozzle extends outwards to form a second extension layer, the second extension layer can increase the contact area of the end face of the nozzle and the nozzle base, and the second extension layer can play a role in increasing the gas sealing effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding a conductive nozzle in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 1A is a schematic view of a first laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding a conductive nozzle according to the present invention;

FIG. 1B is a schematic view of a second laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding a conductive nozzle according to the present invention;

FIG. 2A shows an example of a cutting head structure for a laser cutting head for insulatively holding a conductive nozzle according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2B shows an example of a specific structure of a cutting head according to a second laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding a conductive nozzle according to the present invention.

Wherein: 1 represents a metal body; 2 represents an insulator; 21 denotes a glass tube; 22 denotes an insulating paste layer; 3 denotes a nozzle base; 4 denotes a nozzle; 5 denotes a lead; .

Detailed Description

The optical system for forming a spot ring spot according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding a conductive nozzle according to the present invention, in which: a through hole is formed in the metal body 1, a through hole is formed in the insulator 2, and the outer part of the insulator 2 is connected with an inner hole of the metal body 1; a through hole is arranged inside the nozzle base 3, and the outside of the nozzle base is connected with the inside of the insulator 2; the outer part of the nozzle 4 is connected with the inner part of the nozzle base; the lead 5 is covered with an insulating layer and passes through the hole on the metal body 1 and the hole on the insulator 2 to be connected with the nozzle base 3. This structure achieves insulation between the nozzle 4 and the metal body 1, and at the same time, achieves electrical conduction with the nozzle 4 while ensuring insulation of the wire 5 from the metal body 1.

Fig. 1A is a schematic view of a first laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding a conductive nozzle according to the present invention, wherein an insulator 2 is generally a glass tube 21, the glass tube 21 can ensure high processing precision while insulating, and the glass tube 21 is connected and sealed with a metal body 1 by using glue.

In the laser cutting head construction for insulatively holding a conductive nozzle, the nozzle base 3 is usually made of copper, the inner bore wall is provided with a thread, which is glued and sealed to the glass tube as an insulator.

In the laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding the conductive nozzle, the nozzle 4 is usually made of copper, is externally threaded, and is connected with the internal thread of the nozzle base 3, so that the replacement precision and the replacement convenience can be simultaneously maintained.

Fig. 1B is a schematic diagram of a second laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding a conductive nozzle according to the present invention, wherein: a through hole is arranged in the metal body 1 and is connected and sealed with the outer wall of the nozzle base 3 through an insulating glue layer 22; the nozzle base 3 is made of copper and is internally provided with a threaded hole; the nozzle 4 is made of copper, is externally threaded and is connected with the internal thread of the nozzle base 3; the outer surface of the lead 5 is covered with an insulating layer, and the lead passes through a hole connected with the inner through hole on the metal body 1 and an insulating glue layer 22 and then is connected with the nozzle base 3. This structure achieves insulation between the nozzle 4 and the metal body 1, and at the same time, achieves electrical conduction with the nozzle 4 while ensuring insulation of the wire 5 from the metal body 1.

Fig. 2A shows a specific structure of a cutting head according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which is a laser cutting head structure for insulatively holding a conductive nozzle. Here: one end of the metal body 1 is closed, and protective glass can be arranged on the metal body and is connected with an outer shell of a lens of the cutting head; the insulator 2 is a cylindrical glass tube, the thickness of the glass tube wall is usually less than 1 mm, the fit clearance between the outer diameter of the glass tube wall and the inner bore diameter of the metal body is usually controlled within 0.05 mm, and the glass tube wall and the metal body are bonded together by glue; the nozzle base 3 is made of copper, the inner hole is provided with fine threads, and the clearance between the outer diameter of the nozzle base and the inner diameter of the glass tube insulator is usually controlled within 0.05 mm; the lower end of the nozzle base 3 extends outwards to form a disc-shaped extension layer which is used for shielding cutting radiation so as not to enter the glass tube, increases the contact area of the nozzle and the nozzle base and is adhered to the glass tube by glue; a lead wire 5 with an insulating layer is connected with the nozzle base 3 through holes on the metal body 1 and the glass insulating tube 2; the outer upper end of the nozzle 4 is provided with fine threads and is in threaded connection with the nozzle base 3, the connection is easy to replace and can ensure the exchange precision, the lower end of the nozzle extends outwards to form a disc-shaped extension layer, the extension distance of the disc-shaped extension layer is not more than the outer diameter of the nozzle base 3, the contact area between the end face of the nozzle and the nozzle base 3 is increased, the gas sealing effect is increased, and when necessary, a copper foil can be added between the two end faces to increase the sealing effect. In this configuration, the auxiliary gas can be introduced between the upper end of the nozzle base and the upper neck of the metal body, in which case holes are made in the metal body 1 and in the insulating glass tube.

Fig. 2B shows a specific structure of a cutting head according to a second embodiment of the present invention for insulatively holding a laser cutting head structure of an electrically conductive nozzle. Unlike the above-described embodiment, the insulator 2 is an insulating adhesive layer 22, and the nozzle base 3 is directly bonded to the metal body by the insulating adhesive layer. The thickness of the insulating glue layer 22 is controlled within 0.3 mm.