阅读说明：本技术 一种利用水产加工下脚料制备蛋白胨的方法 (Method for preparing peptone from aquatic product processing leftovers ) 是由 向芝涛 蔡龙 孙妍清 于 2019-11-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种利用水产加工下脚料制备蛋白胨的方法,包括以下原料组分：62-68份鱼粉,壳寡糖12-18份,浒苔粉12-18份,水120-140mL；制备方法包括称重、接种复合菌剂1、灭菌、接种复合菌剂2、脱盐和浓缩后冷冻干燥、活性炭吸附除色素和冷冻干燥。本发明的优点：本发明所得蛋白胨的提取率高；原材料来源广泛、价格低廉；腥臭味明显降低,色泽纯正；精细鱼粉的使用使蛋白胨的质量更好；可以得到具有抗氧化与抗菌作用的副产物,实现水产下脚料的高值化利用。(The invention discloses a method for preparing peptone by using aquatic product processing leftovers, which comprises the following raw material components: 62-68 parts of fish meal, 12-18 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 12-18 parts of enteromorpha powder and 140mL of water; the preparation method comprises the steps of weighing, inoculating the compound microbial inoculum 1, sterilizing, inoculating the compound microbial inoculum 2, desalting, concentrating, freeze-drying, adsorbing and removing pigment by activated carbon, and freeze-drying. The invention has the advantages that: the extraction rate of the peptone is high; the raw materials have wide sources and low price; the fishy smell is obviously reduced, and the color is pure; the use of fine fish meal leads the quality of peptone to be better; can obtain byproducts with antioxidant and antibacterial effects, and realize high-value utilization of aquatic product leftovers.)

1. A method for preparing peptone by using aquatic product processing leftovers is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following raw material components: 62-68 parts of fish meal, 12-18 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 12-18 parts of enteromorpha powder and 140mL of water;

the preparation method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing required raw material components;

step two: inoculating the compound microbial inoculum 1, and carrying out aerobic fermentation culture for 22-28 h;

step three: sterilizing;

step four: inoculating the compound microbial inoculum 2, and culturing for 22-28h by anaerobic fermentation;

step five: centrifuging at 7000rpm for 30min, intercepting the supernatant with 1kDa ultrafiltration membrane, collecting components less than 1kDa, desalting with 350Da nanofiltration membrane, concentrating, and freeze drying;

step six: adsorbing and removing pigments by activated carbon;

step seven: and (5) freeze drying.

2. The method for preparing peptone from aquatic product processing leftovers according to claim 1, wherein the peptone comprises: the preparation process of the fish meal comprises the following steps:

step A: and (3) dehydrating: putting the fresh fish into a bellows machine for drying and dehydrating;

and B: and (3) disinfection: pasteurizing the dehydrated fish;

and C: heating: heating the sterilized fish;

step D: squeezing and separating: squeezing the cooked fish to separate fish meat and oil-water mixture;

step E: and (3) drying: drying the fish meat and the oil-water mixture obtained after separation;

step F: crushing: micronizing dried fish meat to obtain fish meal.

3. The method for preparing peptone from aquatic product processing leftovers according to claim 2, characterized in that: the drying temperature of the dehydration in the step A is-3-9 ℃, the drying time is 3.3-3.8h, and the air volume is 60-140m 3/h.

4. The method for preparing peptone from aquatic product processing leftovers according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sterilization temperature of the sterilization treatment in the step B is 52-58 ℃, and the sterilization time is 25-30 min.

5. The method for preparing peptone from aquatic product processing leftovers according to claim 2, characterized in that: and C, heating in the step C at the temperature of 72-78 ℃ for 45-65 min.

6. The method for preparing peptone from aquatic product processing leftovers according to claim 2, characterized in that: and F, the superfine grinding granularity is 65-115 meshes.

7. The method for preparing peptone from aquatic product processing leftovers according to claim 1, wherein the peptone comprises: in the second step, the composite microbial inoculum 1 is a combination of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus pumilus in a ratio of 1:1: 3.

8. The method for preparing peptone from aquatic product processing leftovers according to claim 1, wherein the peptone comprises: in the fourth step, the composite microbial inoculum 2 is enterococcus faecium, bifidobacterium and lactobacillus bulgaricus which are combined according to the ratio of 1:1: 5.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic product processing leftover application, in particular to a method for preparing peptone by utilizing aquatic product processing leftover.

Background

During the processing of aquatic products, a large amount of leftovers such as fish heads, fish skins, fish bones and the like can be produced, and the mass of the leftovers accounts for about 50% of that of raw fish. At present, the processing rate of aquatic products in developed countries is more than 80%, and the level of the processing rate of aquatic products in China is still different. The aquatic product leftovers contain rich nutrient elements such as protein, phospholipid, chondroitin, vitamins and the like, but the nutrient elements are not fully utilized at present.

The processing of aquatic product processing leftovers into peptone is a new development direction. However, the current methods are basically methods for hydrolyzing by protease, the cost of the enzyme is high, and the enzyme which cannot be subjected to enzymolysis cannot be recycled, and the extraction rate of the protein is low, so that the enzymolysis method is difficult to be applied to industrial production; in addition, the existing method for preparing peptone by using aquatic product processing leftovers is too simple for crushing various leftovers, so that the quality of the produced peptone is not ideal.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the various problems, the invention provides a method for preparing peptone by using aquatic product processing leftovers.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a method for preparing peptone by using aquatic product processing leftovers comprises the following raw material components: 62-68 parts of fish meal, 12-18 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 12-18 parts of enteromorpha powder and 140mL of water;

the preparation method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing required raw material components;

step two: inoculating the compound microbial inoculum 1, and carrying out aerobic fermentation culture for 22-28 h;

step three: sterilizing;

step four: inoculating the compound microbial inoculum 2, and culturing for 22-28h by anaerobic fermentation;

step five: centrifuging at 7000rpm for 30min, intercepting the supernatant with 1kDa ultrafiltration membrane, collecting components less than 1kDa, desalting with 350Da nanofiltration membrane, concentrating, and freeze drying;

step six: adsorbing and removing pigments by activated carbon;

step seven: and (5) freeze drying.

Preferably, the preparation process of the fish meal is as follows:

step A: and (3) dehydrating: putting the fresh fish into a bellows machine for drying and dehydrating;

and B: and (3) disinfection: pasteurizing the dehydrated fish;

and C: heating: heating the sterilized fish;

step D: squeezing and separating: squeezing the cooked fish to separate fish meat and oil-water mixture;

step E: and (3) drying: drying the fish meat and the oil-water mixture obtained after separation;

step F: crushing: micronizing dried fish meat to obtain fish meal.

Preferably, the drying temperature of the dehydration in the step A is-3-9 ℃, the drying time is 3.3-3.8h, and the air volume is 60-140m 3/h.

Preferably, the sterilization temperature of the sterilization treatment in the step B is 52-58 ℃, and the sterilization time is 25-30 min.

Preferably, the heating treatment temperature in the step C is 72-78 ℃, and the heating time is 45-65 min.

Preferably, the particle size after the superfine grinding in the step F is 65-115 meshes.

Preferably, in the second step, the composite microbial inoculum 1 is a combination of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus pumilus in a ratio of 1:1: 3.

Preferably, the composite microbial inoculum 2 in the step four is enterococcus faecium, bifidobacterium and lactobacillus bulgaricus which are combined according to the ratio of 1:1: 5.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the extraction rate of the peptone is high; the raw materials have wide sources and low price; the fishy smell is obviously reduced, and the color is pure; the use of fine fish meal leads the quality of peptone to be better; can obtain byproducts with antioxidant and antibacterial effects, and realize high-value utilization of aquatic product leftovers.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.