阅读说明：本技术 一种具有高消化吸收特性的鳕鱼蛋白肽的制备方法及其应用 (A kind of preparation method and applications with the high gadus protein peptides for digesting and assimilating characteristic ) 是由 杜明 许诗琦 涂茂林 吴超 王震宇 马武超 赵宁 李国栋 于 2019-08-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种具有高消化吸收特性的鳕鱼蛋白肽的制备方法,以鳕鱼肉为原料,经过打浆、碱性蛋白酶酶解、膜过滤和干燥,得鳕鱼蛋白肽粉。本发明制备的鳕鱼蛋白肽粉中分子量在1000Da以下的肽占蛋白含量的90％以上,易于人体消化、吸收、营养丰富且具有多种生物活性。本发明采用鳕鱼碎肉为原料开发消化吸收特性好的肽,利用了鳕鱼加工的副产物,价格低廉,能创造更多商业价值,方法简单、安全,可满足大规模工业化生产。所制备出的鳕鱼蛋白肽在功能性食品、保健食品或者药品中的开发利用具有重要的意义。(The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods with the high gadus protein peptides for digesting and assimilating characteristic, using codfish as raw material, filter and dry by mashing, alkali protease enzymatic hydrolysis, film, obtain gadus protein peptide powder.Gadus protein peptide powder middle-molecular-weihydroxyethyl prepared by the present invention accounts for 90% or more of protein content in 1000Da peptide below, be easy to human consumption, absorption, it is full of nutrition and have multiple biological activities.The present invention uses pollock offal to develop for raw material and digests and assimilates the good peptide of characteristic, and the by-product of cod processing is utilized, cheap, can create more commercial values, and method is simple, safe, can meet large-scale industrial production.Development and utilization of the prepared gadus protein peptides in functional food, health food or drug have great importance.)

1. a kind of preparation method with the high gadus protein peptides for digesting and assimilating characteristic, which is characterized in that comprising steps of

S1, pretreatment of raw material: codfish is cleaned, and adds water, 20000~30000rpm, mashing 3 according to solid-liquid ratio 1:3~5g/ml ~5min, obtains material liquid；

S2, enzymatic hydrolysis: lye is added in material liquid described in step S1, pH to 8.0~8.5 is adjusted, by codfish weight described in step S1 0.1%~0.2% be added alkali protease, in 45~60 DEG C of 2~10h of stirring and keep pH8.0~8.5, gained mixture Enzyme deactivation is heated, enzymolysis liquid is obtained；The basic protein enzyme activity is 150,000 U/g；

S3, centrifugation: enzymolysis liquid described in step S2 is cooled to room temperature, centrifuging and taking supernatant, as gadus albumen peptide solution；

S4, film filtering: taking gadus albumen peptide solution described in step S3, using the super filter tube that molecular weight is 3kDa 3000~ It is centrifuged 50~70min under 4000rpm, takes molecular weight 3KDa filtered solution below, obtains gadus protein peptides filtered solution；

S5, drying: gadus protein peptides filtered solution described in step S4 is placed in 60~65 DEG C of revolvings, is concentrated into the gadus protein peptides The 1/5~1/7 of filtered solution volume, drying obtain gadus protein peptide powder.

2. having the preparation method of the high gadus protein peptides for digesting and assimilating characteristic according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step Heating enzyme deactivation described in rapid S2 is specifically: the mixture is placed in 85 DEG C of heating 15min.

3. having the preparation method of the high gadus protein peptides for digesting and assimilating characteristic according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step Lye described in rapid S2 is 1mol/L NaOH solution.

4. having the preparation method of the high gadus protein peptides for digesting and assimilating characteristic according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step The parameter of centrifugation described in rapid S3 are as follows: 4 DEG C, 9000r/min, 20min.

5. having the preparation method of the high gadus protein peptides for digesting and assimilating characteristic according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step Dry described in rapid S5 is vacuum freeze drying, parameter are as follows: vacuum degree 0~10Pa, -50 DEG C, and 2h；- 40 DEG C, 2h；- 30 DEG C, 2h；- 20 DEG C, 2h；- 10 DEG C, 2h；0 DEG C, 2h；10 DEG C, 2h；20 DEG C, 48h.

6. having the preparation method of the high gadus protein peptides for digesting and assimilating characteristic according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step It is dry for spray drying, parameter described in rapid S5 are as follows: 140 DEG C of inlet temperature, sample introduction speed 4ml/min, drying time 60min.

7. having the preparation method of the high gadus protein peptides for digesting and assimilating characteristic according to claim 1, which is characterized in that packet Include step:

S1, pretreatment of raw material: taking codfish, cleans, and adds deionized water according to solid-liquid ratio 1:3g/ml, and 30000rpm is beaten 3min, Obtain material liquid；

S2, enzymatic hydrolysis: 1mol/L NaOH solution is added in material liquid described in step S1, pH to 8.5 is adjusted, by cod described in step S1 Flesh of fish weight 0.2% be added alkali protease, at 60 DEG C heating water bath, stir 10h and keep pH8.5, gained mixture 85 DEG C of enzyme deactivation 15min, obtain enzymolysis liquid；The basic protein enzyme activity is 150,000 U/g；

S3, centrifugation: enzymolysis liquid described in step S2 is cooled to room temperature, and is centrifuged 20min at 4 DEG C with revolving speed 9500r/min, is taken Clear liquid is gadus albumen peptide solution；

S4, film filtering: take gadus albumen peptide solution described in step S3, using molecular weight be 3kDa super filter tube 3500rpm from Heart 60min, taking molecular weight is 3kDa filtered solution below, is gadus protein peptides filtered solution；

S5, drying: by gadus protein peptides filtered solution described in step S4 in 65 DEG C of concentrated by rotary evaporations to the gadus protein peptides filtered solution The 1/5 of volume, then by vacuum freeze drying, albumen peptide solution is dried, gadus protein peptide powder is obtained；It is described true The parameter of vacuum freecing-dry are as follows: vacuum degree 6Pa, gradient temperature: -50 DEG C, 2h；- 40 DEG C, 2h；- 30 DEG C, 2h；- 20 DEG C, 2h；-10 DEG C, 2h；0 DEG C, 2h；10 DEG C, 2h；20 DEG C, 48h.

8. a kind of application of the high gadus protein peptides for digesting and assimilating characteristic of claim 1-7 either method preparation, feature exist In being used to prepare food.

Technical field

The invention belongs to food processing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of system of the high gadus protein peptides for digesting and assimilating characteristic Preparation Method and its application.

Background technique

Protein is the material base of all life, is the important composition ingredient of biological cell, is that tissue updates With the primary raw material of repairing, central role is played in biosystem.Growth, development, movement, heredity, reproduction of human body etc. one It cuts vital movement and all be unable to do without protein.Protein accounts for about tissue as the indispensable nutritional ingredient of human body 16.3%, there are about 3% protein to participate in the various physiological activities that human body is completed in metabolism daily.If protein is for a long time Ground insufficiency of intake, the eubolism of human body and growth and development will can not carry out, and disease occurs for less serious case, and severe one can even cause It is dead.The supply of protein is to be related to the major issue of health, only constantly absorbs good protein, Cai Nengwei Hold normal function and its metabolism of cell.

Protein is one of nutrient needed by human, while being production capacity nutrient, it can provide the required ammonia of needed by human body Base acid, it is multinomial the experimental results showed that, human body to the absorption of protein is carried out with small-molecule substances such as amino acid or small peptides. Therefore, after protein of ingesting, need to decompose protein more fully to absorb people.Protease is people The catalyst that vivo protein is decomposed, its digestion and absorption for existing for protein create prerequisite, egg in the digestive tract White enzyme has pepsin, trypsase, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase and elastoser etc. a variety of.It is some missing or There is difficulties for digestion and absorption of the crowd of protease hyposecretion to protein, and fail the protein decomposed in vivo Metabolism can bring heavy burden to human liver.

Gadus belongs to gadus section, and pure gadus refers to cod category fish, is divided into Atlantic Ocean catfish (Gadus morhua), Greenland Gadus (Gadus ogac) and Pacific Ocean gadus (Gadus macrocephalus).Gadus is cold aqueous demersal fishes, ocean warp One of Ji fish, are distributed mainly on Bohai and Yellow Seas and northern East China Sea in China.Its containing protein abundant, DHA, vitamin A, The nutrients such as vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, selenium, and meat is white thin fresh and tender, tasty and refreshing oiliness, many countries are using gadus as master in the world Want edible fishes.Gadus product has frozen fillet, fish section, block frozen fish row etc., generates a large amount of leftover bits and pieces of meeting in process, A large amount of waste by-products result in waste of resources and environmental pollution.Currently, leftover bits and pieces enzymatic hydrolysis is utilized and is studied extensively by various countries, but main For producing animal feed, it is not high to add the output value.Therefore, protein is extracted using pollock offal, and produces the peptide of small-molecular-weight, With more vast market prospect.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is being based on gadus high protein, the pollock offal in leftover bits and pieces that cod processing is generated It is used, therefrom extracts protein, and produce a kind of gadus protein peptides convenient for digestion and absorption of small molecule by enzymatic hydrolysis, make Its middle-molecular-weihydroxyethyl is in 1000Da account for protein content 90% below or more, to provide a kind of with high digestion and absorption characteristic Gadus protein peptides and preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of preparation side with the high gadus protein peptides for digesting and assimilating characteristic Method, comprising steps of

S1, pretreatment of raw material: the pollock offal of peeling is cleaned, and adds water according to solid-liquid ratio 1:3~5 (w/v) g/ml, 20000~30000rpm, 3~5min of mashing, obtain material liquid；

S2, enzymatic hydrolysis: being added lye for material liquid described in step S1, adjusts pH to 8.0~8.5, broken by gadus described in step S1 Alkali protease is added in the 0.1~0.2% of meat weight, digests in 45~60 DEG C of stirrings, and lye dimension is added in whole process at any time It is constant to hold pH8.0~8.5, continues 2~10h and completes enzymolysis process, gained mixture enzyme deactivation obtains enzymolysis liquid；The alkalinity egg White enzyme activity is 150,000 U/g；The enzymolysis liquid is mixture；

S3, centrifugation: enzymolysis liquid described in step S2 is cooled to room temperature, centrifuging and taking supernatant, as gadus albumen peptide solution；

S4, film filtering: 50~70min is centrifuged at 3000~4000rpm using the super filter tube that molecular weight is 3kDa, to step Gadus albumen peptide solution described in rapid S3 carries out film filtering, takes lower layer's filtrate (i.e. filtered solution of the molecular weight less than 3kDa), is gadus Protein peptides filtered solution；

S5, drying: gadus protein peptides filtered solution described in step S4 is placed in 60~65 DEG C of revolvings, is concentrated into the gadus egg The 1/5~1/7 of white peptide filtered solution volume, drying processing, obtains gadus protein peptide powder.

Under preferred embodiment, enzyme deactivation described in step S2 is specifically: the mixture is placed in 85 DEG C of heating 15min；It is described Lye is 1mol/L NaOH solution.

Under preferred embodiment, the parameter of centrifugation described in step S3 are as follows: 4 DEG C, 9000r/min, 20min.

Under preferred embodiment, drying process described in step S5 is vacuum freeze drying, parameter are as follows: 0~10Pa of vacuum degree, gradient Temperature: -50 DEG C, 2h；- 40 DEG C, 2h；- 30 DEG C, 2h；- 20 DEG C, 2h；- 10 DEG C, 2h；0 DEG C, 2h；10 DEG C, 2h；20 DEG C, 48h.

Under preferred embodiment, drying process described in step S5 is spray drying, parameter are as follows: 140 DEG C of inlet temperature, sample introduction speed 4ml/min, drying time 60min.

Under preferred embodiment, the preparation method with the high gadus protein peptides for digesting and assimilating characteristic, comprising steps of

S1, pretreatment of raw material: taking meat for the leftover bits and pieces peeling of cod processing, obtain pollock offal, clean, according to solid-liquid ratio 1: 3 (w/v) plus deionized water g/ml, 30000rpm are beaten 3min, obtain material liquid；

S2, enzymatic hydrolysis: 1mol/L NaOH solution is added in material liquid described in step S1 under stiring, pH to 8.5 is adjusted, presses Alkali protease is added in 0.2% of pollock offal weight described in step S1, heating water bath and stirs enzymatic hydrolysis at 60 DEG C, entire mistake 1mol/L NaOH solution is added in journey at any time maintains pH8.5 constant, continues 10h and completes enzymolysis process, 85 DEG C of gained mixture go out Enzyme 15min, obtains enzymolysis liquid；The basic protein enzyme activity is 150,000 U/g；

S3, centrifugation: enzymolysis liquid described in step S2 is cooled to room temperature, and is that 9500r/min is centrifuged at 4 DEG C with revolving speed 20min takes supernatant, is gadus albumen peptide solution；

S4, film filtering: using the super filter tube that molecular weight is 3kDa, the gadus protein peptides described in step S3 are molten at 3500rpm Liquid is centrifuged 60min, takes the filtrate of lower layer's ultra-filtration centrifuge tube, i.e. molecular weight 3kDa filtered solution below, filters for gadus protein peptides Liquid；

S5, drying: gadus protein peptides filtered solution described in step S4 is filtered in 65 DEG C of concentrated by rotary evaporations to the gadus protein peptides The 1/5 of liquid product is crossed, then by vacuum freeze drying, albumen peptide solution is dried, gadus protein peptide powder is obtained；Institute State the parameter of vacuum freeze drying are as follows: vacuum degree 6Pa, gradient temperature: -50 DEG C, 2h；- 40 DEG C, 2h；- 30 DEG C, 2h；- 20 DEG C, 2h；- 10 DEG C, 2h；0 DEG C, 2h；10 DEG C, 2h；20 DEG C, 48h.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide the applications with the high gadus protein peptides for digesting and assimilating characteristic, for making Standby food.

Compared with prior art, the method for gadus of the present invention enzymatic hydrolysis preparation protein peptides include it is following the utility model has the advantages that

1, small molecular weight protein peptide is prepared by raw material of gadus, at present and has no that Patents documents are reported；Using green, The small molecular protein peptide that resolves into of Enzymatic Extraction technology of safety, middle-molecular-weihydroxyethyl is in the 1000Da protein content below that accounts for 90% or more, it is easy to digest for human body, it is easy absorb, it is full of nutrition and have multiple biological activities.

2, it uses pollock offal to develop for raw material and digests and assimilates the good peptide of characteristic, the by-product of cod processing, valence is utilized Lattice are cheap, can create more commercial values, and method is simple, safe, can meet large-scale industrial production.Prepared by institute of the invention Gadus protein peptides peptide out can be used for ordinary food such as functional material powder, beverage products (such as microelement oral solution, solid Beverage), baked product (be such as added to bread, cake product in), Flour product (such as fortified flour, noodles, instant noodles), cream Product (such as milk powder, milk beverage, Yoghourt, reproduced cheese), pressed candy (such as direct tablet compressing is added to milk piece), with capsule The functional food etc. of form packaging；It can also be used for the development and utilization in functional food, health food or drug, have Important meaning.

3, the present invention is obtained on the basis of repeatedly testing repeatedly, wherein used in enzymolysis process described in step S2 The digestion and absorption that the built-up sequence of the type of enzyme, enzymolysis time and each step can significantly affect gained gadus protein peptide powder is special Property.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram of the standard items of present invention measurement protein peptides relative molecular mass.

Fig. 2 is the high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram of gadus protein peptide powder prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1.

Fig. 3 is the high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram of gadus protein peptide powder prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2.

Fig. 4 is the high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram of gadus protein peptide powder prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 3

Specific embodiment

Enzymatic extraction method of the present invention studies the preparation process of protein peptides, and the gadus peptide of preparation has a variety of people Body metabolism and physiological regulation function, have promotion immune, hormone control, antibacterial, antiviral, lowering blood pressure and blood fat, joint lubrication, The effects of wound healing, anti-aging, absorption easy to digest can be in field of medicaments, healthcare field, field of food, cosmetic field It is widely applied.

There is the present invention preparation method of the high gadus protein peptides for digesting and assimilating characteristic to realize according to the following steps:

One, pretreatment of raw material: by pollock offal peeling, cleaning, and adds deionized water according to solid-liquid ratio 1:3~5, 30000rpm is beaten 3~5min, obtains material liquid；

Two, it digests: being added with stirring lye, adjust pH to 8.0~8.5, alkali is added by the 0.1~0.2% of flesh of fish quality Property protease, heating water bath and stirred at 45~60 DEG C, lye be added in whole process at any time and maintains pH 8.0~8.5 not Become, continues 2~10h and complete enzymolysis process, 85 DEG C of enzyme deactivation 15min obtain enzymolysis liquid；

Three, it is centrifuged: enzymolysis liquid is cooling, it is that 9500r/min is centrifuged 20min at 4 DEG C with revolving speed, takes supernatant, be cod Fish protein peptide solution；

Four, film filters: it is centrifuged 60min at 3500rpm using the super filter tube that molecular weight is 3kDa, it is molten to gadus protein peptides Liquid carries out film filtering, takes lower layer's filtrate, is gadus protein peptides filtered solution.

Five, be concentrated: gadus protein peptides filtered solution is concentrated in 60~65 DEG C of 4~6h of revolving, or use economic benefits and social benefits or Person's multi-effect evaporator is concentrated.

Six, dry: by vacuum freeze drying or spray dried form, protein peptides filtered solution is dried, Obtain gadus protein peptide powder.

With reference to method: referring to national standard, measure physicochemical property, the amino acid content of gadus protein peptide powder.Using efficient The molecular weight of liquid chromatography for measuring Gly-His-Lys.

Wherein the lye is 1mol/L NaOH solution, and basic protein enzyme activity is about 150,000 U/g.